.Unit6 Im watching TV1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+Ving. (be動詞和動詞+ing兩者缺一不可)考題形式：(1) 已知be動詞，考后面的動詞形式（要加ing）；(2) 已知后面的動詞+ing, 則前面用be動詞。如：(1) The boy is _ (run) with his father.(2) Some children are _ (lie) on the grass.(3) My brother and I are _ (play) soccer.(4) His sister is _ (read) a book.2. -你正在做什么？- What are you doing? -我正在看電視。- Im watching TV.3. 那聽起來很棒：That sounds great/good.4. 謝謝你的信和照片：Thanks for your letter and the photos. 謝謝某東西：Thanks for sth 句型：謝謝做某事：Thanks for doing sth5. 這是我的一些照片：Here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“復(fù)數(shù)”，be用are)這是我的一張全家福照片：Here is a photo of my family. (“一張照片”是“單數(shù)”，be用is)6. 句型：忙于做某事：be busy doing sth如：His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room.7. 表示“活動”的“動詞詞組” 做家庭作業(yè)：do ones homework 打掃房間：clean the room 吃晚飯：eat dinner 打電話：talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看書/看報/看雜志：read books, read newspapers, read magazines (學(xué)生)上課：have an English class (老師)上課：give an English class 舉行晚會：have an evening party 和某人說再見：say goodbye to sb8. 在購物中心：at the mall 在游泳池：at the (swimming) pool在學(xué)校：at school 在體育館里：in the gym9. 在第一張照片中：in the first photo 在第二張照片中：in the second photo在下一張照片中：in the next photo 在最后一張照片中：in the last photo 10. 等汽車：wait for the bus 在汽車站等(某人)：wait (for sb) at the bus stop11. 我的兄弟和我：my brother and I (要把“我”放在后面)12. (身體)好，健康：well = fine 如：- How is your mother? - She is _.13. 活動：activity 復(fù)數(shù)：activities (以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，去y加ies)玩具：toy 復(fù)數(shù)：toys (以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加s)14. (1) 也：also 用于“肯定句的句中”；(2) 也：too 用于“肯定句的句末，前加逗號”；(3) 也：either 用于“否定句的句末，前加逗號”。15. (1) show n. 節(jié)目；如：TV show, sports show, game show, talk show(2) show v. 給看；如：Can you show me your family photo? Ill show you the way.(3) show v. 表演；如：Can you show us Beijing Opear?一般現(xiàn)在時 The Simple Present Tense 一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ；表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作；表示主語具備的性格和能力等。例如：1、He is twelve. 他十二歲。2、I go to school at seven every day.3、They speak Japanese. 一般現(xiàn)在時常和表示時間頻度的副詞連用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。1. I often read books in the evening.2. Do they usually go to school by bike?3. He doesnt like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般現(xiàn)在時常和以下時間表達(dá)法連用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morning?She sleeps nine hours every night.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.They dont have classes on Sundays. 它有三種形式：1、 謂語是be的一般現(xiàn)在時。 1、肯定形式是：主語+be+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）。2、否定形式是：主語+be+not+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）。3、一般疑問句是：Be+主語+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）? 肯定回答是：Yes,主語+be. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ be+not.4、特殊疑問句是：特殊疑問詞+Be開頭的一般疑問句?注意：be要隨著主語變。2、 謂語是情態(tài)動詞can/may.+動詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時。 1、肯定形式是：主語+情態(tài)動詞can/may.+動詞原形+賓語。2、否定形式是：主語+情態(tài)動詞can/may.+not+動詞原形+賓語。3、一般疑問句是：情態(tài)動詞can/may.+動詞原形+主語+賓語。 肯定回答是：Yes,主語+情態(tài)動詞. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ 情態(tài)動詞+not.4、特殊疑問句是：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞can/may.開頭的一般疑問句？注意：情態(tài)動詞can/may.+動詞原形。3、 謂語動詞是實義動詞及物動詞或不及物動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時。 1、肯定形式是：“主語+及物動詞+賓語”或“主語+不及物動詞”。2、否定形式是：“主語+dont/doesnt+及物動詞+賓語”或 “主語+dont/doesnt+不及物動詞”。3、一般疑問句是：“Do/Does+主語+及物動詞原形+賓語”或 “Do/Does+主語+不及物動詞原形”。 肯定回答是：Yes,主語+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ dont/doesnt.4、特殊疑問句是：特殊疑問詞+do/does開頭的一般疑問句？注意：根據(jù)主語確定用do還是does。u 動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：（用于第三人稱單數(shù)、可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞的一般現(xiàn)在時中）1、直接加-slooklooksreadreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加-es missmissesfixfixes watchwatches washwashesgogoesdo-does3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i，再加-escarrycarries studystudieshurryhurriescrycries4.特殊的have - has 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（1）構(gòu)成形式：Be動詞+動詞的ing形式這里強調(diào)一點，兩者缺少其中任何一種都不可以構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示動作正在進(jìn)行或事情正在發(fā)生。（3）有用的依據(jù)：一個句子中既有be動詞，又有動詞，且動詞加了ing 該句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化見下表：詞尾情況變化方式例詞一般情況加ingplay玩playing do做doinggo去going jump跳jumpingsing唱singing ski滑雪skiingsee看見-seeing以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾去e加ingmake做making take拿到takinglike喜歡liking come來comingwrite寫writing dance跳舞dancinghave有having close關(guān)closing以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，中間只有一個元音字母，詞尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加ingswim游泳swimming sit坐sittingrun跑running get得到gettingput放putting begin開始beginningjog慢跑jogging同音詞： too-two-to buy-by I-eye four-for there-theirright-write sun-son no-know here-hear whos-whose近義詞： many-a lot of / lots of large-big desk-tablephoto-picture lamp-light like-love反義詞或?qū)?yīng)詞：old-new go-come big-smallopen-close black-white here-there完整形式：lets=let us(讓我們) Id=I would cant=can not Im=I am詞性變換：one(序數(shù)詞) first monkey（復(fù)數(shù)）monkeys skiing(原形)ski is（復(fù)數(shù)）are families（單數(shù)）family make（現(xiàn)在分詞）making we are(縮略形式)were do(第三人稱單數(shù))does have(第三人稱單數(shù))has photo(復(fù)數(shù))photos good(反義詞)bad做題目時一定要記住：can+動詞原形like+動詞ing like+名詞復(fù)數(shù)play+足球類 play the +樂器類how many +名詞復(fù)數(shù)would like +to+動詞原形lets+動詞原形現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：be(am,is,are)+動詞ing動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式精選范本Unit 7 Its raining1. n. adj. sun陽光 sunny 晴朗的 snow雪 snowy下雪的 rain雨 rainy下雨的 wind風(fēng) windy多風(fēng)的 cloud云 cloudy多云的 fog霧 foggy多霧的 ice冰 icy結(jié)冰的2. 詢問天氣 1）Hows the weather? Its 北京的天氣怎么樣？多云。 Hows the weather in Beijing? Its cloudy. 2) Whats the weather like？Its Whats the weather like in Beijing? Its cloudy.3. cook 1)v. 做飯 2）n. 廚師 cooker n. 廚具4. Hows it going? 情況如何？ Not bad.不錯。 Great.太好了。 Terrible.太糟了。 Pretty good.相當(dāng)好 Just so so.馬馬虎虎5. pretty 1) adj. 俊俏；嬌?。黄?a pretty girl 漂亮的姑娘 2) adv. 相當(dāng)；很；頗 近義詞是very或quiet6. hot炎熱的-cold寒冷的 warm溫暖的-cool涼爽的7. Thanks for因而感謝 for是介詞，后接n / pron / v-ing. (名詞/代詞、動名詞) Thanks for the photo of your family. 謝謝你的全家福照片。 Thanks for helping me. 謝謝你幫助我。8. on vacation 在度假；在假期中9. take a photo/take photos 拍照10.some, others一些，（另一些） Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.一些人在拍照，一些人正躺在沙灘上。11.other, the other, others, the others, another 1)other可作形容詞或代詞。adj. “別的，其他的” Do you have any other questions? 你還有其他的問題嗎？ Ask some other people. 問問別人吧。 2) the other 代詞，（兩者中的）“另一個” （other為代詞） onethe other一個，另一個 He has two sons, one is a doctor, the other is a worker. 他有兩個兒子，一個是醫(yī)生，另一個是工人。 3) others代詞，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“其余的（人或物）” （指其余的部分） someothers一些，（另）一些 There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing basketball, others are dancing. 操場上有許多學(xué)生，有些人在打籃球，有些人在跳舞。 Give me some others, please. 給我一些別的東西吧。 4) the others代詞，特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”（指其余的全部） There are lots of students on the playground, some are playing basketball, the others are dancing. 操場上有許多學(xué)生，有些人在打籃球，其余的都在跳舞。 5) another = an+other，可作形容詞或代詞，泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這個，請給我看看另一個。12. lie v.平臥；躺 （想在分詞lying）13. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball.看看這群正在玩沙灘排球的人。 playing beach volleyball作people的定語。14. surprised adj. “感到驚訝的” 1) be surprised at + n./ pron./v-ing 對感到驚訝 Were surprised at the news. 聽到這個消息，我們非常詫異。 2) be surprised to do sth. Were surprised to hear the news. 聽到這個消息，我們非常詫異。 3) be surprised + that從句 Im surprised that he didnt pass the exam我對他沒通過考試感到很驚訝。15. in this heat 在這么熱的天氣里 hot（adj.炎熱的）-heat（n.熱度）16. scarf 圍巾（pl. scarfs或scarves）17. have a good time = enjoy oneself（oneself要隨主語的變化而變化） = have fun They are having a good time. = They are enjoying themselves.= They are having fun. 他們正玩得高興。18. everyone / every one 1) everyone“人人，每人”，僅指人，相當(dāng)于everybody，一般不能與of連用，作主語為單數(shù)。 Everyone is here.大家（人人）都來了。 2) every one“每一個（人或物）”，指人或物，常與of連用，謂語用單數(shù)。 Every one of the book is interesting. 每本書都很有趣。 Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?I詞型轉(zhuǎn)換1.near反義詞: far2.across動詞：cross名詞：crossing3.front反義詞：back4.north形容詞：northern5.right反義詞：left/wrong6.enjoy第三人稱單數(shù)：enjoys7.easily形容詞：easy8.free反義詞：busyII短語歸納1.post office郵局2.police station警察局3.pay phone付電話費4.on Bridge Street在大橋街上5.across from 在的對面6.next to在的旁邊7.between the post office and the library在郵局和圖書館之間8.in front of在前面9.on Center Street在中央大街上10.near here在這附近11.go along沿著走12.turn right 向右轉(zhuǎn)13.turn left 向左轉(zhuǎn)14.on ones left在某人的左邊15.at the first crossing 在第一個十字路口16.in my neighborhood在我的附近；鄰近17.on the right在右邊III用法集萃1.turn right/left at the +序數(shù)詞+crossing.在第幾個十字路口向右/左轉(zhuǎn)。2.spend+時間/金錢+（in）doing sth. 花費時間/金錢在3.watch sb. doing觀看某人正在做某事4.enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事IV 重點句子1.Is there a hospital near here?這兒附近有醫(yī)院嗎？Yes, there is. Its on Bridge Street.是的，有，它在大橋街上。2.The pay phone is across from the library.付費電話在郵局的對面3.The pay phone is between the post office and the library.付費電話在郵局和圖書館之間。4.Is there a bank near here?這兒附近有銀行嗎？5.Its not too far from here.它離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。6.Where is the bank?銀行在那里？Its next to the post office. 它在郵局的旁邊7.There is a zoo in my neighborhood.在我家附近有一個動物園。8.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.我喜歡看猴子們到處攀登。9.Its very quiet and I enjoy reading there.它非常安靜而且我喜歡在那兒看書。10.I like to spend time there on weekends.在周末我喜歡在那兒度過。Unit 9 What does he look like?1.詢問及描述某人的外貌特征 問：What do/does + 主語 + look like? “看上去什么樣？”/ “長什么樣？” 答：主語 + be + 描述人物外貌特征的形容詞。 主語 + have/has + 名詞（名詞前可有多個形容詞修飾）。1）What does your friend look like? 你朋友長什么樣？He is short and thin. He has short, black hair.他又矮又瘦，留著短直發(fā)。2）What do they look like? 他們長什么樣？ Theyre of medium height. 他們中等身高。3）What does he look like? 他長什么樣？ He is of medium build, and he has a big nose.他中等身材，大鼻子。2. look like “看起來像” He looks like his father. 他看起來像他的父親。3. hair 1) 指“頭發(fā)，毛發(fā)”的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞 He has long hair. 他留著長發(fā)。 2）指具體數(shù)量的“頭發(fā)”，是可數(shù)名詞 There are two hairs on the bed. 床上有兩根頭發(fā)。4. high（adj. 高的）- height（n.高度）5. popular 1) 通俗的 in popular language 用通俗的話 2）流行的 a popular song 流行歌曲 3）受歡迎的 a popular writer 受人歡迎的作家6. a little bit, a little, a bit 1) 修飾形容詞或副詞時，三者可通用，但a little bit比后兩者所表示的程度稍弱一點。 Today is a little bit / a little / a bit cold. 今天有點冷。 2）修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，a little直接跟不可數(shù)名詞，a bit需加of再跟不可數(shù)名詞。 There is a little / a bit of water in the glass. 杯子里有點水。 3）a little 和a bit在否定句中意思恰恰相反。not a little相當(dāng)于very “很，非?！保琻ot a bit相當(dāng)于not.at all“一點也不”。 He is not a little hungry. = He is very hungry. 他很餓。 He is not a bit hungry. = He isnt hungry at all. 他一點也不餓。7. tell a joke / jokes說笑話 tell a story / stories講故事 tell a lie / lies撒謊8. She never stops talking. 她總是講個不停。 stop to do sth. “停下來去做某事”。指停止原來做的事情，去做另一件事情。 stop doing sth. “停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情，即不做某事了。 1）He stops to do his homework. 他停下來開始做家庭作業(yè)。 He stops doing his homework. 他停止做家庭作業(yè)。 2）Class begins, please stop talking. 上課了，請不要說話。 3）We are all tired, stop to have a rest. 我們都累了，停下來休息一會兒吧。9. like 喜歡 1）like sb. / sth.喜歡某人/某物 2) like to do sth.喜歡/想要做某事（表一次性或特指的某一具體的動作） 3) like doing sth喜歡做某事（表習(xí)慣性的動作或愛好） 我喜歡每天打籃球。I like playing basketball every day. 今天很冷，我喜歡呆在家里。Today is cold. I like to stay at home.10. people, person, man 1) people:泛指“人，人們”，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。There are many people there. 那兒有許多人。the people 常用來指“人民”。 We study hard for the people. 我們?yōu)槿嗣穸W(xué)習(xí)。指“民族”是可數(shù)名詞。 Therere 56 peoples in China. 中國有56個民族。 2) person“人；人物”，無性別之分，可指男人，也可指女人。常用于指數(shù)目不大，而且數(shù)目比較精確的“人”。 Everyone likes the honest person. 每個人都喜歡誠實的人。 There are only three persons in the room. 房間里只有三個人。 3）man: 指“男人”（復(fù)數(shù)形式為men），也可指“人類”。 He is a man of few words. 他是個少言寡語的人。 Man has languages. 人類有語言。11. glass 1) “眼鏡”，常用復(fù)數(shù)glasses. a pair of glasses一副眼鏡 2）“玻璃”，不可數(shù)名詞。 3）“玻璃杯”，可數(shù)名詞。 These glasses are made of glass. 這些玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。12.beard （絡(luò)腮）胡須，可數(shù)名詞。 The old man has a beard. 這位老人滿臉胡須。13. remember/forget doing sth. 記得/忘記做過某事 （事情已做） remember/forget to do sth. 記得/忘記要去做某事 （事情還沒做） 1）Dont forget to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom. 當(dāng)你離開教室時，別忘了關(guān)燈。 Therere not any apples to have. Please remember to buy some. 沒蘋果吃了，請記得買一些。 2）I remember telling you about it. 我記得告訴過你這件事。 He forgot having this kind of fruit. 他忘記他吃過這種水果了。14.Do you remember Jonny Dean, the pop singer with funny glasses and long curly hair? 你還記得約翰尼迪安那個戴著滑稽眼鏡，留著長卷發(fā)的流行歌手嗎？ 1）the pop singer with funny glasses and long curly hair是Jonny Dean的同位語，指的就是Jonny Dean。 2）with funny glasses and long curly hair是介詞短語，修飾the pop singer 介詞短語作定語，放在它所修飾的名詞之后。 The girl in red is my sister. 穿紅衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。 Do you know the boy under the tree? 你認(rèn)識樹下的那個男孩嗎？15. look 1) 看 Look! Tom is crying. 看，湯姆在哭。 Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。 2）看起來 He looks like his father. 他看起來像他的父親。 3）外表，外貌 He has a new look. 他有了一個新形象。16. no more, not.any more., no longer, not.any longer 1) no more = not.any more表示數(shù)量和程度的“不再（增加）”，常修飾終止性動詞。 We wont go there any more.我們不再去那里了。 The baby watched and listened, and she cried no more.那個嬰兒看著、聽著，不再哭了。 2) no lo0nger = not.any longer表示時間上“不再（延長）”，常修飾延續(xù)性動詞。 He no longer lives here. 他不再住在這兒了。 You cant stay here any longer.你不能再留在這兒了。17. I dont think hes so great. I think + that從句，如果表示否定含義，常把否定詞放在主句上，一般不在從句上進(jìn)行否定，而譯成漢語時，則否定在從句上。這種現(xiàn)象叫否定前移。 I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。18. nobody“沒有人，沒人”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 Nobody knows me. 沒有人認(rèn)識我。 Theres nobody in the room.房里沒有人。19. 兩個或兩個以上形容詞同時作定語的排列順序： 限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、數(shù)詞等）+ 描述性形容詞+大小、形狀、長短、高低 + 新舊、長幼 + 顏色 + 產(chǎn)地、材料、用途 + 被修飾名詞 a small old yellow wooden table 一張黃色的舊木頭小桌子 an expensive new Japanese sports car 一輛昂貴的新型的日本跑車Unit 10 Id like some noodles1. would like“想要”，相當(dāng)于want, 用法亦同want，但比want委婉。1）want/would like sth. 想要某物 Id like some noodles 2）want/would like to do sth. 想要做某事 Id like to play the piano 我想要彈鋼琴。 3）want/would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 I would like him to help me. 我想要他幫助我。 4）What would sb. like? 某人想要什么？ What would they like? They would like some noodles. 他們想要什么？ 他們想要一些面條。 5）What would sb. like to do? 某人想要做什么？ What would they like to have? They would like to have some noodles. 他們想要吃什么？ 他們想要吃一些面條。 6）would you like sth. 你想要某物嗎？（委婉地詢問對方的要求時的用語） 肯定回答：Yes, please. 否定回答：No, thanks. Would you like some more food? 你想再要些食物嗎？ Yes, please. 想要，謝謝。No, thanks. 不用了，謝謝。 7) Would you like to do sth？你想要/愿意做某事嗎？（向?qū)Ψ接卸Y貌地提出建議或邀請）肯定回答：Yes, Id like/love to. 是的，我愿意。否定回答：Sorry, + 原因。Would you like to go shopping with us? 你想要/愿意和我們一起去購物嗎？Yes, Id like/love to. 是的，我愿意。Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do.2. noodle “面條”，可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)noodles。3.What kind of.would you like?你想要那種？ What kind of noodles would you like?你想要那種面條？ Beef and tomato noodles, please. kind 1)種類 a kind of一種many kinds of多種all kinds of各種各樣的2)仁慈的，和藹的，好意的，友愛的 He is a kind man. He is kind to everyone.他與人為善。Its very kind of you to help me.3)kind of + adj/adv 稍微/有幾分(相當(dāng)于a little) He is kind of /a little shy.4. special 1) n. 特色/價商品，可數(shù)名詞。 2）adj. 特殊的，特別的，專門的Today is a special day. 今天是個特別的日子。5. What size.“多大”