1、空間群是點(diǎn)對(duì)稱操作和平移對(duì)稱操作的對(duì)稱要素全部可能的組合。點(diǎn)群表示晶體外形上的對(duì)稱關(guān)系，空間群表示晶體結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的原子及離子間的對(duì)稱關(guān)系?？臻g群一共230個(gè)，它們分別屬于32個(gè)點(diǎn)群。晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的對(duì)稱性不能超出230個(gè)空間群的范圍，而其外形的對(duì)稱性和宏觀對(duì)稱性則不能越出32個(gè)點(diǎn)群的范圍。屬于同一點(diǎn)群的各種晶體可以隸屬于若干個(gè)空間群。230種晶體學(xué)空間群的記號(hào)Symbols of the 230 Crystallographic Space Groups晶系(Crystal system)點(diǎn)群(Point group)空間群(Space group)國(guó)際符號(hào)(HM)圣佛利斯符號(hào)(Schfl.)三斜晶系

2、1C1P1CiP單斜晶系2P2P21C2mPmPcCmCc2/mP2/mP21/mC2/mP2/cP21/CC2/c正交晶系222P222P2221P21212P212121C2221C222F222I222I212121mm2Pmm2Pmc21Pcc2Pma2Pca21Pnc2Pmn21Pba2Pna21Pnn2Cmm2Cmc21Ccc2Amm2Abm2Ama2Aba2Fmm2Fdd2Imm2Iba2Ima2mmmPmmmPnnnPccmPbanPmmaPnnaPmnaPccaPbamPccnPbcmPnnmPmmnPbcnPbcaPnmaCmcmCmcaCmmmCccmCmmaCccaFm

3、mmFdddImmmIbamIbcaImma四方晶系4P4P41P42P43I4I41PI4/mP4/mP42/mP4/nP42/nI4/mI41/a422P422P4212P4122P41212P4222P42212P4322P43212I422I41224mmP4mmP4bmP42cmP42nmP4ccP4ncP42mcP42bcI4mmI4cmI41mdI41cd2mP2mP2cP21mP21cPm2Pc2Pb2Pn2Im2Ic2I2mI2d4/mmmP4/mmmP4/mccP4/nbmP4/nncP4/mbmP4/mncP4/nmmP4/nccP42/mmcP42/mcmP42/nbc

4、P42/nnmP42/mbcP42/mnmP42/nmcP42/ncmI4/mmmI4/mcmI41/amdI41/acd三方晶系3P3P31P32R3PR32P312P321P3112P3121P3212P3221R323mP3m1P31mP3c1P31cR3mR3cmP1mP1cPm1Pc1RmRc六方晶系6P6P61P65P62P64P63P6/mP6/mP63/m622P622P6122P6522P6222P6422P63226mmP6mmP6ccP63cmP63mcm2Pm2Pc2P2mP2c6/mmmP6/mmmP6/mccP63/mcmP63/mmc立方晶系23P23F23I23P213I213mPm3Pn3Fm3Fd3Im3Pa3Ia3432P432P4232F432F4132I432P