2025上半年英語六級閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案一、閱讀理解（一）1.閱讀以下文章，回答問題。Theterm“cultureshock”hasalreadybeguntocreepintothepopularvocabulary.Cultureshockistheeffectthatimmersioninastrangeculturehasontheunpreparedvisitor.Cultureshockiswhathappenswhenatravelersuddenlyfindshimselfinaplacewhere“yes”maymean“no”,wherea“fixedprice”isnegotiable,wheretobekeptwaitinginanouterofficeisnocauseforinsult,wherelaughtermaysignifyanger.Itiswhathappenswhenthefamiliarpsychologicalcuesthathelpanindividualtofunctioninsocietyaresuddenlywithdrawnandreplacedbynewonesthatarestrangeorincomprehensible.Thecultureshockphenomenonaccountsformuchofthebewilderment,frustration,anddisorientationthattravelersexperience.Whentravelerssetoutontheirjourneys,theyareusuallyequippedwithsomedefiniteexpectationsandattitudes.Theymayhaveinmindsomekindofstandardsetofcustoms,likethewayheissupposedtodressandconducthimself.Theymaybeconcernedaboutcertainkindsofsafetyorsecurityfactors.But“cultureshock”istheresultoflosingallourfamiliarsignsandsymbolsofsocialintercourse.Thosesignsorcuesincludethethousandandonewaysinwhichweorientourselvestothesituationofdailylife:whentoshakehandsandwhattosaywhenwemeetpeople,whenandhowtogivetips,howtomakepurchases,whentoacceptandwhentorefuseinvitations,whentotakestatementsseriouslyandwhennot.Nowwhenanindividualentersastrangeculture,allormostofthesefamiliarcuesareremoved.Nomatterhowbroad-mindedorfullofgoodwillyoumaybe,aseriesofpropshavebeenknockedfromunderyou,followedbyafeelingoffrustrationandanxiety.Peoplereacttothefrustrationinmuchthesameway.First,theyrejecttheenvironmentwhichcausesthediscomfort.“Thewaysofthehostcountryarebadbecausetheymakeusfeelbad.”Whenforeignersinastrangelandgettogethertocomplainaboutthehostcountryanditspeople,youcanbesuretheyaresufferingfromcultureshock.Anotherphaseofcultureshockisregression.Thehomeenvironmentsuddenlyassumesatremendousimportance.Totheforeigner,everythingbecomesirrationallyglorified.Allthedifficultiesandproblemsareforgottenandonlythegoodthingsbackhomeareremembered.Itusuallytakesatriphometobringonebacktoreality.Question1:Whichofthefollowingisthebestdefinitionof“cultureshock”accordingtothepassage?()-A.Itisthefeelingoffrustrationandanxietywhenoneistraveling.-B.Itistheeffectofimmersioninastrangecultureonanunpreparedvisitor.-C.Itisthebewildermentthathappenswhenpeoplemeet.-D.Itisthedisorientationthattravelersexperience.答案：B解析：文章開頭明確指出“Cultureshockistheeffectthatimmersioninastrangeculturehasontheunpreparedvisitor”，所以選項(xiàng)B是對“cultureshock”的準(zhǔn)確定義。選項(xiàng)A中說文化沖擊是旅行時(shí)的沮喪和焦慮情緒，這只是文化沖擊的表現(xiàn)而非定義；選項(xiàng)C說文化沖擊是人們見面時(shí)的困惑，不符合文意；選項(xiàng)D說文化沖擊是旅行者經(jīng)歷的迷失方向，同樣只是表現(xiàn)而非定義。Question2:Whatarethefamiliarpsychologicalcuesthathelpanindividualtofunctioninsociety?()-A.Customs,dresscodes,andsafetyfactors.-B.Waysofsocialintercourselikeshakinghands,givingtips,etc.-C.Thestandardsetofcustomsthatoneissupposedtofollow.-D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：文章提到旅行者出發(fā)時(shí)會有一些確定的期望和態(tài)度，包括一些習(xí)俗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、穿著規(guī)范和對安全因素的關(guān)注，同時(shí)也指出社會交往中的各種方式如握手、給小費(fèi)等都是幫助個(gè)人在社會中正?；顒?dòng)的熟悉的心理暗示。所以選項(xiàng)A、B、C所提到的內(nèi)容都屬于幫助個(gè)人在社會中正?；顒?dòng)的熟悉的心理暗示，答案選D。Question3:Whenpeoplearesufferingfromcultureshock,theytendto______.()-A.acceptthenewenvironment-B.glorifythehostcountry-C.rejecttheenvironmentthatcausesdiscomfort-D.forgetthedifficultiesbackhome答案：C解析：文章中提到“First,theyrejecttheenvironmentwhichcausesthediscomfort.‘Thewaysofthehostcountryarebadbecausetheymakeusfeelbad.’”，說明當(dāng)人們遭受文化沖擊時(shí)，他們往往會拒絕導(dǎo)致他們不適的環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)A接受新環(huán)境與文意不符；選項(xiàng)B美化東道國錯(cuò)誤，遭受文化沖擊時(shí)人們會抱怨東道國；選項(xiàng)D忘記家鄉(xiāng)的困難是文化沖擊的回歸階段的表現(xiàn)，并非人們遭受文化沖擊時(shí)的普遍傾向。Question4:Whatdoestheword“regression”inthepassagemean?()-A.Goingbacktoone’shomecountry.-B.Glorifyingthehomeenvironmentirrationally.-C.Rejectingthehostcountrycompletely.-D.Forgettingthedifficultiesinthehostcountry.答案：B解析：文中提到“Anotherphaseofcultureshockisregression.Thehomeenvironmentsuddenlyassumesatremendousimportance.Totheforeigner,everythingbecomesirrationallyglorified.”，說明“regression”指的是對家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境不合理地美化。選項(xiàng)A回到自己的祖國并非“regression”的含義；選項(xiàng)C完全拒絕東道國與“regression”的含義無關(guān)；選項(xiàng)D忘記在東道國的困難只是回歸階段的一部分表現(xiàn)，不全面。Question5:Itusuallytakesatriphometo______.()-A.bringonebacktoreality-B.makeoneforgetthehostcountry-C.helponetoadapttothehostcountry-D.makeonesufferfromcultureshockagain答案：A解析：文章最后提到“Itusuallytakesatriphometobringonebacktoreality”，所以答案是A。選項(xiàng)B讓一個(gè)人忘記東道國與文意不符；選項(xiàng)C幫助一個(gè)人適應(yīng)東道國并非回家一趟的作用；選項(xiàng)D讓一個(gè)人再次遭受文化沖擊也不符合文意。二、閱讀理解（二）1.閱讀以下文章，回答問題。Theimportanceofbiodiversityisbeingincreasinglyrecognizedasincreasingnumbersofspeciescomeunderthreat.BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingthedifferentplants,animals,andmicroorganisms,thegeneticinformationtheycontain,andtheecosystemstheyform.Itisoftencalledthe“weboflife”becauseallspeciesareinterconnectedanddependoneachotherforsurvival.Oneofthemainreasonsforthelossofbiodiversityishabitatdestruction.Ashumanpopulationsgrowandexpand,morelandisneededforagriculture,housing,andindustry.Thisoftenleadstotheclearingofforests,wetlands,andothernaturalhabitats.Forexample,largeareasoftheAmazonrainforestarebeingcutdowntomakewayforcattleranchingandsoybeanfarming.Thisnotonlydestroysthehomesofcountlessplantandanimalspeciesbutalsodisruptsthedelicatebalanceoftheecosystem.Anothersignificantthreattobiodiversityisclimatechange.Risingglobaltemperatures,changesinprecipitationpatterns,andmorefrequentextremeweathereventsareallhavingaprofoundimpactonspeciesandecosystems.Somespeciesareunabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothesechangesandareatriskofextinction.Forinstance,coralreefsareverysensitivetochangesinwatertemperature.Astheoceanwarms,coralbleachingoccurs,whichcanleadtothedeathofcoralreefsandthelossofthemanyspeciesthatdependonthem.Overexploitationofnaturalresourcesisalsoamajorcauseofbiodiversityloss.Humansareextractingresourcessuchasfish,timber,andmineralsatanunsustainablerate.Overfishing,forexample,hasdepletedmanyfishstocksaroundtheworld.Manyspeciesofsharks,tuna,andothercommerciallyimportantfisharenowendangered.Invasivespeciesareyetanotherthreat.Whennon-nativespeciesareintroducedintoanecosystem,theycanoutcompetenativespeciesforresources,preyonthem,orintroducediseases.Forexample,thezebramussel,asmallfreshwatermollusknativetoEasternEurope,wasaccidentallyintroducedintotheGreatLakesinNorthAmerica.Ithassincespreadrapidly,cloggingwaterintakepipes,disruptingthefoodchain,andcausingsignificanteconomicandecologicaldamage.Conservingbiodiversityiscrucialforthewell-beingofhumanity.Biodiversityprovidesuswithmanyessentialservices,suchasfood,medicine,andcleanwater.Italsohelpstoregulatetheclimate,controlpests,andpollinatecrops.Byprotectingbiodiversity,wearenotonlysavingtheplanet’snaturalheritagebutalsoensuringourownsurvival.Question1:Whatisbiodiversityaccordingtothepassage?()-A.ThevarietyofplantsonEarth.-B.ThevarietyofanimalsonEarth.-C.ThevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingplants,animals,microorganisms,geneticinformation,andecosystems.-D.Thebalanceoftheecosystem.答案：C解析：文章中明確提到“BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingthedifferentplants,animals,andmicroorganisms,thegeneticinformationtheycontain,andtheecosystemstheyform”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)A只提到植物的多樣性，不全面；選項(xiàng)B只提到動(dòng)物的多樣性，也不全面；選項(xiàng)D生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡并非對生物多樣性的定義。Question2:Whichofthefollowingisnotareasonforthelossofbiodiversity?()-A.Habitatdestruction.-B.Climatechange.-C.Populationgrowthinanimals.-D.Overexploitationofnaturalresources.答案：C解析：文章分別闡述了棲息地破壞、氣候變化、自然資源的過度開發(fā)以及外來物種入侵是生物多樣性喪失的原因。而動(dòng)物種群的增長并不是生物多樣性喪失的原因，所以答案選C。Question3:Howdoeshabitatdestructionaffectbiodiversity?()-A.Itdestroysthehomesofplantandanimalspeciesanddisruptstheecosystembalance.-B.Itonlydestroysthehomesofplantspecies.-C.Itonlydisruptstheecosystembalance.-D.Ithasnoimpactonbiodiversity.答案：A解析：文中提到“Forexample,largeareasoftheAmazonrainforestarebeingcutdowntomakewayforcattleranchingandsoybeanfarming.Thisnotonlydestroysthehomesofcountlessplantandanimalspeciesbutalsodisruptsthedelicatebalanceoftheecosystem”，說明棲息地破壞既破壞了動(dòng)植物的家園，又?jǐn)_亂了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡，選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B只說破壞植物物種的家園，不全面；選項(xiàng)C只說擾亂生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡，不全面；選項(xiàng)D說對生物多樣性沒有影響，與文意不符。Question4:Whyarecoralreefsatriskduetoclimatechange?()-A.Becausetheyaresensitivetochangesinwatertemperatureandcoralbleachingcanoccur.-B.Becausetheyaresensitivetochangesinprecipitationpatterns.-C.Becausetheyarepreyedonbyinvasivespecies.-D.Becausetheyareoverexploitedbyhumans.答案：A解析：文章提到“coralreefsareverysensitivetochangesinwatertemperature.Astheoceanwarms,coralbleachingoccurs,whichcanleadtothedeathofcoralreefsandthelossofthemanyspeciesthatdependonthem”，所以珊瑚礁由于氣候變化面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是因?yàn)樗鼈儗λ疁刈兓舾?，會發(fā)生珊瑚白化現(xiàn)象，選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B對降水模式變化敏感并非珊瑚礁面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因；選項(xiàng)C被外來物種捕食與氣候變化導(dǎo)致珊瑚礁面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)無關(guān)；選項(xiàng)D被人類過度開發(fā)也不是氣候變化導(dǎo)致珊瑚礁面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因。Question5:Whatisthesignificanceofconservingbiodiversity?()-A.Itprovidesessentialservicestohumanityandhelpsregulatetheclimate.-B.Itonlysavestheplanet’snaturalheritage.-C.Itonlyensuresthesurvivalofanimals.-D.Ithasnorealsignificance.答案：A解析：文章最后提到“Conservingbiodiversityiscrucialforthewell-beingofhumanity.Biodiversityprovidesuswithmanyessentialservices,suchasfood,medicine,andcleanwater.Italsohelpstoregulatetheclimate,controlpests,andpollinatecrops”，說明保護(hù)生物多樣性不僅為人類提供必要的服務(wù)，還能幫助調(diào)節(jié)氣候等。選項(xiàng)B只說拯救地球的自然遺產(chǎn)，不全面；選項(xiàng)C只說確保動(dòng)物的生存，不全面；選項(xiàng)D說沒有實(shí)際意義，與文意不符。三、閱讀理解（三）1.閱讀以下文章，回答問題。Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.Intherealmofmedia,ithasledtoasignificantshiftfromtraditionalmediatodigitalmedia.Traditionalmedia,suchasnewspapers,magazines,radio,andtelevision,havelongbeentheprimarysourcesofinformationandentertainmentforthepublic.However,withtheadventoftheInternetanddigitaltechnologies,digitalmediahasemergedasapowerfulcompetitor.Oneofthemainadvantagesofdigitalmediaisitsaccessibility.Withasmartphone,tablet,orcomputerandanInternetconnection,peoplecanaccessavastamountofinformationandcontentatanytimeandfromanywhere.Thishasmadeiteasierforindividualstostayinformedaboutcurrentevents,accesseducationalresources,andengageinsocialinteractions.Forexample,newswebsitesandsocialmediaplatformsprovidereal-timeupdatesonlocalandglobalnews,allowinguserstobeconstantlyconnected.Anotherbenefitofdigitalmediaisitsinteractivity.Unliketraditionalmedia,whichisoftenaone-waycommunicationchannel,digitalmediaallowsfortwo-waycommunication.Userscancommentonarticles,sharetheiropinions,andengageindiscussionswithotherusers.Thishascreatedamoredemocraticandparticipatorymediaenvironment,whereeveryone’svoicecanbeheard.Digitalmediaalsooffersahighdegreeofcustomization.Userscanpersonalizetheirmediaexperiencebychoosingthetypesofcontenttheywanttoconsume,thesourcestheytrust,andthetimetheywanttoaccessit.Forinstance,streamingservicesallowuserstoselectthemovies,TVshows,ormusictheywanttowatchorlistento,ratherthanbeingrestrictedtoafixedschedulelikeintraditionaltelevision.However,digitalmediaalsopresentssomechallenges.Oneofthemajorconcernsisthespreadofmisinformation.Withtheeaseofcreatingandsharingcontentondigitalplatforms,falseinformationcanspreadrapidlyandwidely.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,suchasinfluencingpublicopinion,causingpanic,andunderminingtrustininstitutions.Anotherissueistheprivacyandsecurityrisksassociatedwithdigitalmedia.Asuserssharemorepersonalinformationonline,theyareatagreaterriskofhavingtheirdatamisusedorstolen.Hackerscantargetdigitalplatformstogainaccesstosensitiveinformation,whichcanleadtoidentitytheftandotherformsoffraud.Inconclusion,whiledigitalmediahasbroughtaboutmanypositivechangesinthemedialandscape,italsocomeswithitsownsetofchallenges.Itisimportantforuserstobeawareoftheseissuesandtakestepstoprotectthemselvesandmakeinformeddecisionswhenusingdigitalmedia.Question1:Whathasthedigitalrevolutionledtointhemediarealm?()-A.Ashiftfromdigitalmediatotraditionalmedia.-B.Ashiftfromtraditionalmediatodigitalmedia.-C.Nochangeinthemedialandscape.-D.Thedisappearanceoftraditionalmedia.答案：B解析：文章開頭提到“Intherealmofmedia,ithasledtoasignificantshiftfromtraditionalmediatodigitalmedia”，所以答案是B。選項(xiàng)A從數(shù)字媒體轉(zhuǎn)向傳統(tǒng)媒體與文意相反；選項(xiàng)C媒體格局沒有變化不符合文意；選項(xiàng)D傳統(tǒng)媒體消失也不正確，文中只是說數(shù)字媒體成為強(qiáng)大的競爭對手，并非傳統(tǒng)媒體消失。Question2:Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofdigitalmedia?()-A.Limitedaccessibility.-B.One-waycommunication.-C.Highdegreeofcustomization.-D.Fixedcontentandschedule.答案：C解析：文章提到“Digitalmediaalsooffersahighdegreeofcustomization.Userscanpersonalizetheirmediaexperiencebychoosingthetypesofcontenttheywanttoconsume,thesourcestheytrust,andthetimetheywanttoaccessit”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)A有限的可訪問性與文中提到的數(shù)字媒體具有可訪問性的優(yōu)勢不符；選項(xiàng)B單向通信是傳統(tǒng)媒體的特點(diǎn)，數(shù)字媒體是雙向通信；選項(xiàng)D固定的內(nèi)容和時(shí)間表也是傳統(tǒng)媒體的特點(diǎn)，數(shù)字媒體可定制，并非固定。Question3:Whatisoneofthechallengesofdigitalmedia?()-A.Difficultyinaccessinginformation.-B.Lackofinteractivity.-C.Spreadofmisinformation.-D.Limitedcustomizationoptions.答案：C解析：文章明確指出“Oneofthemajorconcernsisthespreadofmisinformation”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)A獲取信息困難與數(shù)字媒體可隨時(shí)隨地獲取大量信息的優(yōu)勢不符；選項(xiàng)B缺乏互動(dòng)性與數(shù)字媒體具有互動(dòng)性的特點(diǎn)不符；選項(xiàng)D有限的定制選項(xiàng)與數(shù)字媒體具有高度可定制性不符。Question4:Whyisthespreadofmisinformationondigitalmediaaseriousissue?()-A.Itcanmakedigitalmedialesspopular.-B.Itcaninfluencepublicopinionandcausepanic.-C.Itcanreducetheamountofcontentavailable.-D.Itcanmakedigitalmediamoreexpensive.答案：B解析：文中提到“Thiscanhaveseriousconsequences,suchasinfluencingpublicopinion,causingpanic,andunderminingtrustininstitutions”，說明虛假信息的傳播會影響公眾輿論、引起恐慌等，選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A使數(shù)字媒體不那么受歡迎并非虛假信息傳播的嚴(yán)重后果；選項(xiàng)C減少可用內(nèi)容與虛假信息傳播的后果無關(guān)；選項(xiàng)D使數(shù)字媒體更昂貴也不符合文意。Question5:Whatshouldusersdowhenusingdigitalmedia?()-A.Ignorethechallengesanduseitfreely.-B.Beawareoftheissuesandtakestepstoprotectthemselves.-C.Onlyusetraditionalmediainstead.-D.Stopusingdigitalmediacompletely.答案：B解析：文章最后提到“Itisimportantforuserstobeawareoftheseissuesandtakestepstoprotectthemselvesandmakeinformeddecisionswhenusingdigitalmedia”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A忽視挑戰(zhàn)自由使用不符合文意；選項(xiàng)C只使用傳統(tǒng)媒體過于極端；選項(xiàng)D完全停止使用數(shù)字媒體也不合理，數(shù)字媒體有很多優(yōu)勢。四、閱讀理解（四）1.閱讀以下文章，回答問題。Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlychangingtheworldwelivein.Itreferstothedevelopmentofcomputersystemsthatcanperformtasksthattypicallyrequirehumanintelligence,suchaslearning,reasoning,problem-solving,anddecision-making.AIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizevariousindustries,includinghealthcare,finance,transportation,andmanufacturing.Inthehealthcareindustry,AIisbeingusedtoimprovediagnosisandtreatment.Machinelearningalgorithmscananalyzelargeamountsofmedicaldata,suchaspatientrecords,imagingscans,andgeneticinformation,toidentifypatternsandmakepredictions.Thiscanhelpdoctorsmakemoreaccuratediagnosesanddeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans.Forexample,AI-powereddiagnostictoolscandetectearlysignsofdiseaseslikecancer,whichcansignificantlyimprovepatientoutcomes.Inthefinancesector,AIisusedforfrauddetection,riskassessment,andalgorithmictrading.Machinelearningmodelscananalyzefinancialtransactionsinreal-timetoidentifysuspiciousactivitiesandpreventfraud.Theycanalsoassessthecreditworthinessofborrowersandpredictmarkettrends,enablingfinancialinstitutionstomakemoreinformeddecisions.ThetransportationindustryisalsobeingtransformedbyAI.Self-drivingcars,whicharepoweredbyAItechnology,havethepotentialtoreducetrafficaccidents,improvetrafficflow,andincreasefuelefficiency.Thesevehiclesusesensorsandalgorithmstonavigateroads,detectobstacles,andmakedecisionsinreal-time.However,thewidespreadadoptionofAIalsoraisessomeethicalandsocialconcerns.Oneofthemainissuesisthepotentialforjobdisplacement.AsAIsystemsbecomemorecapableofperformingtasksthatwerepreviouslydonebyhumans,thereisariskthatmanyjobswillbeautomated.Thiscouldleadtounemploymentandsocialinequality.AnotherconcernisthebiasinAIalgorithms.AIsystemsaretrainedonlargedatasets,andifthesedatasetscontainbiases,thealgorithmsmayproducediscriminatoryresults.Forexample,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenshowntohavehighererrorratesforpeoplewithdarkerskintones,whichcanleadtounfairtreatmentinsecurityandlaw-enforcementapplications.Inaddition,thereareconcernsaboutthelackoftransparencyinAIdecision-making.AIalgorithmscanbecomplexanddifficulttounderstand,makingithardtodeterminehowtheyarriveattheirdecisions.Thislackoftransparencycanbeaproblem,especiallyincriticalapplicationssuchashealthcareandfinance.Question1:Whatisartificialintelligence?()-A.Thedevelopmentofcomputersystemsthatcanperformtasksrequiringhumanintelligence.-B.Theuseofcomputerstoreplacehumansinallindustries.-C.Theabilityofhumanstocontrolcomputers.-D.Thestudyofcomputerprogramming.答案：A解析：文章開頭提到“Artificialintelligence(AI)referstothedevelopmentofcomputersystemsthatcanperformtasksthattypicallyrequirehumanintelligence,suchaslearning,reasoning,problem-solving,anddecision-making”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B說在所有行業(yè)用計(jì)算機(jī)取代人類過于絕對；選項(xiàng)C人類控制計(jì)算機(jī)并非人工智能的定義；選項(xiàng)D計(jì)算機(jī)編程研究也不是人工智能的定義。Question2:HowisAIusedinthe