（英語(yǔ)）高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解技巧和方法完整版及練習(xí)題含解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

MelindaSkaarwasn'texpectinganyphonecalls.SkaarwasworkinglateinherofficeattheFirstInternetbankofCalifornia.By10:45thatnightshewasalmostreadytogohomewhenthephonerang.Pickingitup,sheheardaguardshouting,"Thereisafire!Getoutofthere."Skaardidn'tpanic.Shefiguredthatitwasjustasmallfire.Herofficebuildingwashuge.Therewere62floorsandherdeskwasonthe37thfloor.SkaarcalledouttoofficemateStephenOksas,whoalsostayedlatetowork.Butwhentheygotouttothehallway,theyweremetbyacloudofblacksmoke.Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.

Thentheycalled911.Beforetheycouldcalltheirfamilies,however,thelinewentdead.Thatmeantthattheywerecompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.Alltheycoulddowaswaitandhopesomeonewouldcometorescuethem.

Minutestickedby.Smokebegantofloatintotheoffice.Soonitbecamehardforthemtobreathe.Lookingaround,Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.Thathelpedforawhile,butintimeeventheworkroomwasfilledwithdeadlysmoke.Hopeless,theytriedtobreakthewindows,buttheglasswasnotbreakable.Everythingtheythrewatitjustbouncedback.Defeated,theystruggledbacktotheworkroom.Theyfeltweakanddizzy.SoonSkaarfoundOksashadpassedout.

AsSkaarandOksaslayneardeath,rescuerswererushingtofindthem.Atlast,atabout4a.m.,firefightersfoundthem.

SkaarandOksasknewtheywereluckytobealive.Sundayismybirthday,Skaartoldareporter.Shewouldbeturning29,butsheknewshehadalreadygotthebestpresentpossible—thegiftoflife.（1）WhatdidSkaarandOksasdowhentheywerestoppedbythefire?A.

theytriedtorundownthestairs.

B.

theycalledtheirfamilies.C.

theywaitedwheretheywere.

D.

theyrushedbackandshutthedoor.（2）ThefollowinghelpedSkaarandOksassurvivethefireexcept

.A.

calling911forhelp

B.

shuttingthedoorandkeepingthesmokeoutwithajacketC.

breakingthewindowstogetsomefreshair

D.

crowdinginasmallworkroomforcleanair（3）WhatcanweconcludefromSkaar'sactioninthefire?A.

shewastrainedasafirefighter.

B.

shewasclevererthanOksas.C.

shehadhadtheexperienceofbeingcaughtinfire.

D.

sheremainedcalminthefaceofdanger.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了兩個(gè)女孩由于大火被困在36層的大樓內(nèi)，面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)她們臨危不懼，終于安然脫險(xiǎn)，幸免于難的故事。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butwhentheygotouttothehallway,theyweremetbyacloudofblacksmoke.Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.”可知他們走到走廊時(shí)想下樓時(shí)，一團(tuán)黑煙迎面撲來(lái)。他們趕緊跑回去關(guān)上門，用她的夾克填滿了門底部的空隙，把煙擋在外面。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.”；第二段中的“Thentheycalled911.”；以及第三段中的“Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.”可知在火災(zāi)中SkaarandOksas為了生存做的事，C項(xiàng)沒(méi)有，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.Thentheycalled911.Lookingaround,Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.和theytriedtobreakthewindows,”這些Skaar的行為可知，面對(duì)火災(zāi)她保持鎮(zhèn)靜，從容面對(duì)。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.

Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.

Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.（1）Whatmakesoneright-handed?A.

Theenvironment.

B.

Mildbraindamageduringbirth.C.

Thereasonisuncertain.

D.

Otherpeople.（2）Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?A.

Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.

B.

Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.C.

Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.

D.

Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.（3）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.

Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.

B.

Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.C.

Somefamousleft-handedpeople.

D.

Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，關(guān)于左撇子現(xiàn)象作者進(jìn)行了介紹和說(shuō)明。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第二段中講了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根據(jù)”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知，雖然對(duì)于右手的使用比左手更為普遍這一現(xiàn)象有不同猜測(cè)，但是原因不明。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都會(huì)受到鄙視或者被認(rèn)為是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子會(huì)被懲罰直到他們改變這樣的習(xí)慣，但是，現(xiàn)在人們的態(tài)度已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變了。故選B。（3）考查主旨大意。本文以客觀、中立的態(tài)度描寫了關(guān)于“左撇子”的一些事實(shí)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Seventy-three-year-oldGeorgeMcNeilonselectedhisfoodinValueMartverycarefully.Afterleavingthecashier,heestimated(估計(jì))thathehadsaved80centsandthoughtthathehadgotgoodvalueforhismoneyagain.

Attheexit,thechillywindremindedhimofhisgloves."Nowwherearethey?"Hesearchedhereandthere,butnowherecouldhefindthem.Hewassurehewaswearingthemwhenheenteredthestore.Theworriedmanmadeasecondsearchinallhispockets,againincludingthegrocerybag.Hewassuretheymusthavebeendroppedsomewhereinsidethestore.

Georgeboughttheglovesata25%discount,forjust$30,tenyearsago.Theyweregenuinelambskin(小羊皮),soft,warmanddurable.Untilthen,hehadworncheaperman-madematerialthatlastednomorethanthreeyears.Hisimpulsivedecisiontobuytheexpensiveglovesturnedouttobeagoodone,whichevenpromotedhissocialstatusonthebus,aspassengersstaredathimenviouslyforsixmonthsoutoftheyear.Heenjoyedbeingenvied.

Badluck,Georgethought,tolosehisexpensiveglovesonNewYear'sEve.Hereenteredthestoreandfollowedthesameroutehehadwalkedbefore.Butseveralminutesofanxioussearchturnedouttobeinvain."Societyhaschanged.Peoplehavechanged…"hemurmuredtohimself."Yearsago,ifpeoplepickedupsomethinglost,theywouldgiveitback."

Backhome,Georgewasataloss.Indeepwinter,hecouldnotdoanythingwithoutapairofgloves.Ifheboughtcheapones,hewouldhavetoreplacethemverysoon.Ifheboughtnewleatherones,theywouldcostfortydollars.

Aftertheholiday,poorGeorgedecidedtobuyanotherpairofleathergloves.Beforeboardingthesubway,hesteppedintoValueMartagaintoseeifbyanychancehisgloveshadbeenreturnedtothelostandfoundoffice.

"Whatcolorarethey?"thewomanintheofficeasked.

"Black,"heanswered.

Shelookedintoherdraweranddrewoutapairofmen'sleathergloves.

"Arethey?"

"Yes!Thosearemine!"（1）WhichofthefollowingisthemostprobablereasonforGeorge'sshopping?A.

TokilltimeinValueMartasusual.

B.

ToprepareforthecomingNewYear.C.

Toprovehowwisehewaswithmoney.

D.

Toseewhethertherewereglovesonsale.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutoldGeorgeMcNeilon?A.

Purebutimpolite.

B.

Cleverbutsimple.C.

Economicalbutvain.

D.

Warmheartedbutpoor.（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.

Indailylife,accidentswillhappen.

B.

Nevereverjumptoconclusions.C.

Apennysavedisapennyearned.

D.

Alossmayturnouttobeagain.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一位老人在除夕夜去超市購(gòu)物卻丟掉手套，并最終找了回來(lái)。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Badluck,Georgethought,tolosehisexpensiveglovesonNewYear'sEve.”可知GeorgeMcNeilon是為新年購(gòu)物，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Heenjoyedbeingenvied.”可知他虛榮心很強(qiáng)，再根據(jù)第一段中的“Afterleavingthecashier,heestimated(估計(jì))thathehadsaved80centsandthoughtthathehadgotgoodvalueforhismoneyagain.”可知他很經(jīng)濟(jì)，很節(jié)省，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“‘Societyhaschanged.Peoplehavechanged…’hemurmuredtohimself.‘Yearsago,ifpeoplepickedupsomethinglost,theywouldgiveitback.’”可知George認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的人們都改變了，而根據(jù)后文售貨員幫他找回了，所以人不要急于下結(jié)論，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

InJune2014,twoleadingmediainAmericareportedthatthree-year-oldVictoriaWilcher,whosufferedfacialscarring,waskickedoutofaKFCbecauseshewasafrighteningcustomer.Later,KFCannouncedthatnoevidencehadbeenfoundtosupportthestory.Thisphenomenonislargelyaproductoftheincreasingpressureinnewsroomsthatcaremoreabouttrafficfigures.

BrookeBinkowski,aneditor,saysthatshehasseenashifttowardslessresponsibilityinnewsrooms."Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare."

Askedwhatthedrivingfactorwas,ajournalistsaid,"You'veastricteditorandyou'vetomeetyourtargets.Andsomeyoungjournalistsareinexperiencedandwillnotdothosechecks.Somuchnewsreportedonlinehappensonline.Thereisnoneedtogetoutandknockonsomeone'sdoor.Youjustsitatyourdeskanddoit."

Anotherjournalistsays,"Moreclicksequalmoremoney.Atmyformeremployerinparticular,thepressurewasduetothelimitedresources.Thatmadetheenvironmentquitehorribletoworkin."

InaFeb.2015reportforDigitalJournalism,CraigSilvermanwrote,"Todaythebarforwhatisworthgivingattentiontoseemstobemuchlower.Withinminutesorhours,abadlysourcedreportcanbechangedintoastorythatisrepeatedbydozensofnewswebsites,resultingintensofthousandsofshares.Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity."

And,despitethedirectionthatsomenewsroomsseemtobeheadingin,acriticaleyeisbecomingmore,notlessimportant,accordingtotheNewYorkTimes'publiceditor,MargaretSullivan."Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It'sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication."Yetthoseworkinginnewsroomstalkofdoubtfulstoriesbeingtolerated.Inthewordsofsomesenioreditors,"aclickisaclick,regardlessoftheadvantageofastory".And,"ifthestorydoesturnouttobefalse,it'ssimplyachanceforanotherbiteatthecherry."（1）AccordingtoBrookeBinkowski,newsroomsproducefalsenewsbecause_________.A.clickscountalotB.resourcesarelimitedC.budgetsaretightD.journalistslackexperience（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5probablymean?A.Liescan'tsellwithoutsomethingrelatedtothetruth.B.Rumorsarelikeaflameblownbythewind.C.Mostpeopleareeasytocheatbythefalsenewsonline.D.Aliewillendupastruth,ifrepeatedoftenenough.（3）What'sMargaretSullivan'sattitudetowardsfalsenewsonline?A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Skeptical.D.Neutral.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Spreadoffalsestories.B.Causesofonlinefalsenews.C.Dutiesofjournalists.D.Relativelawsneededtoregulatetheonlinenews.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者根據(jù)一段虛假新聞的實(shí)例分析了造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因及人們對(duì)此的態(tài)度。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare.”可知BrookeBinkowski認(rèn)為文章的標(biāo)題和點(diǎn)擊率是虛假新聞產(chǎn)生的重要原因，故選A。（2）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段中的“Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity.”謠言由于它的普遍傳播就會(huì)變成真的，即說(shuō)的人多了謠言就變成真的了。與D項(xiàng)Aliewillendupastruth,ifrepeatedoftenenough.同義，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It'sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication.”可知MargaretSullivan認(rèn)為編輯一定要更細(xì)心，在發(fā)表之前要認(rèn)真審核證實(shí)。由此可見(jiàn)他對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛假新聞是反對(duì)的，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。作者根據(jù)一段虛假新聞的實(shí)例分析了造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因及人們對(duì)此的態(tài)度。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，句義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解PrimaveraSound

Tokickoffthesummer,there'snobetterplacetobethanBarcelona.Ontheconcertlineup,you'llfindbandslikeTheZombies,ArcadeFire,andBonIver.Thentakesometimetosoakupthelocalfood,wine,andculture.

Date:May31–June4,2018

Location:Barcelona,Spain

MusicType:Indie,rock,hip-hop

Price:80€–300€(around$86–$323)

RecommendedplacestostayinBarcelona:

Hotel1898

HotelBarcelonaUniversal

MercerHotelBarcelona

GovernorsBall

OneofthegreatestsummerconcertsinNewYorkCityisGovernor'sBall,whichtakesplaceinearlyJuneatRandall'sIslandPark.SomeofthemanyartistsplayingincludeTool,Phoenix,Lorde,Flume,andtheWu-TangClan.

Date:June2-4,2018

Location:NewYorkCity,NewYork,USA

MusicType:Rock,hip-hop,pop

Price:$105–$305

RecommendedplacestostayinNewYorkCity:

WNewYork–UnionSquare,UnionSquare,NewYorkCity,UnitedStatesAloftHarlem

Super8LongIslandCityLGAHotel

CourtyardNewYorkManhattan/UpperEastSide

Bonnaroo

Bonarooisanotherepicsummereventthatdrawsincrowdsofaround60,000eachyear.Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear,includingU2,RedHotChiliPeppers,TheWeeknd,andChancetheRapper.

Date:June8-11,2018

Location:Manchester,Tennessee,USA

MusicType:Rock,hip-hop

Price:$210.50–$554+fees

RecommendedplacestostayinManchester:

MicrotelInn&SuitesbyWyndhamManchester

CountryInn&SuitesManchester

TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury（1）OnwhichofthedayscanyouenjoyRock,hip-hopinPrimaveraSound?A.

June1，2018.

B.

June5，2018.

C.

June9，2018.

D.

June11，2018.（2）TowitnessiconicmusiclegendChancetheRapperplaying,whichofthefollowingaretherecommendedplacestostay？A.

CourtyardNewYorkManhattan.

B.

HotelBarcelonaUniversal.C.

Randall'sIslandPark.

D.

TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury.【答案】（1）A（2）D【解析】【分析】本題是一篇應(yīng)用文，推薦了三個(gè)夏天要聽(tīng)的音樂(lè)會(huì)，這些音樂(lè)會(huì)由不同的樂(lè)隊(duì)，在不同的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)演奏，價(jià)格也有所不同，但也有共同之處：演奏搖滾和hip-hop（嘻哈）音樂(lè)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)PrimaveraSound部分中的“Date–May31–June4,

2018

＂可知，我們可以在5月31日到6月4日之間欣賞PrimaveraSound的搖滾和嘻哈音樂(lè)，因此選A。。(2考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Bonnaroo部分中的＂Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear,includingU2,RedHotChiliPeppers,TheWeeknd,andChancetheRapper.”以及推薦地點(diǎn)“RecommendedplacestostayinManchester:MicrotelInn&SuitesbyWyndhamManchester，CountryInn&SuitesManchester，TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury“”可知，見(jiàn)證ChancetheRapper的標(biāo)志性音樂(lè)，被推薦的居住地點(diǎn)有TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury＂，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Regardlessofhowfarwe'dliketobelievegender(性別)equalityintheworkplacehascome,there'sstillayawninggapbetweenmaleandfemaleleadersintheprofessionalworld.A2018statisticshowsthatwomennowadaysholdjust5.8percentofCEOspositionsatS&P500companies,accordingtoCatalyst.

Whileit'snotahugeshockthatwomenaresomewhatunderrepresentedinleadershippositions,whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.

Intheirresearch，ProfessoryvindL.MartinsenandProfessorLarsGlassurveyed(調(diào)查)2,900managerswithaspecialfocusonpersonalitytypes.Theresultswereclear:Womenscoredhigherthanmeninfourofthefivemajorleadership-centriccategories.

Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmeninherentlymakebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen—thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.

Therewasoneareainwhichmenscoredhigherthanwomen,though,andthatwasonemotionalstabilityandabilitytofacejob-relatedpressureandstress.Theresultssuggestthatwomenaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofhigh-pressureorhighlyemotionalsituations.

Obviously，it'simportanttoconsiderindividual(個(gè)人的)differences.Anyone,regardlessofgender,maybeaninspiringleaderandacompetentboss.Butnexttimeyou'rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes(簡(jiǎn)歷)fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.（1）Whatmakesusshockedmuchatleadershippositions?A.

Womenareworsethanmen.

B.

Mentakealmostallhighpositions.C.

Thereisahugegapbetweengenders.

D.

Womenmightbehavebetterineveryfield.（2）Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword''inherently”inparagraph4?A.

properly

B.

potentially

C.

naturally

D.

normally（3）Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A.

HowWeCanFigureOutTheBoss.

B.

WhyWomenAreBetterThanMen.C.

WhyWomenMakeTheBestBosses.

D.

HowWeCanTellGenderDifference.（4）Whomighthavespecialinterestinthisarticle?A.

Jobhunters.

B.

Employers.

C.

Employees.

D.

Malebosses.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，在工作領(lǐng)域男性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人地位存在不平等現(xiàn)象，作者指出在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)位置上，女性可能在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)更好，倡議雇主在招聘領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位員工時(shí)應(yīng)多考慮女性。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.”可知讓人驚訝的是，在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)位置上，女性可能在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)更好。故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmeninherentlymakebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen”可知人們認(rèn)為男性自然能成為更好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，劃線詞是自然地。故選C。(3)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第四段中的“thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.”可知本文強(qiáng)調(diào)了女性在管理層的地位，因此“為什么女性是最好的老板”符合題意。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butnexttimeyou'rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes(簡(jiǎn)歷)fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.”下次你雇傭管理崗位員工時(shí)，得知雇主們會(huì)對(duì)這篇文章感興趣。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Askids,myfriendsandIspentalotoftimeoutinthewoods."Thewoods"wasourpart-timeaddress,destination,purpose,andexcuse.IfIwenttoafriend'shouseandfoundhimnotathome,hismothermightsay,"Oh,he'soutinthewoods,"withatone(語(yǔ)氣)ofairyacceptance.It'ssimilartothetonepeoplesometimesusenowadaystotellmethatsomeoneI'mlookingforisonthegolfcourseoratthegym,oreven"awayfromhisdesk".Forusten-year-olds,"beingoutinthewoods"wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.

Wesometimestoldourselvesthatwhatweweredoinginthewoodswasexploring(探索).Exploringwasamorepopularideabackthenthanitistoday.Historyseemedtobemostlyaboutexplorers.Ourexplorations,thoughseemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickindsomethingusuallycameupalongtheway.Saywestayedinthewoods,throwingrocks,shootingfrogs,pickingblackberries,digginginwhatwewerebrieflypersuadedwasanIndianburialmound.

Oftenwegot"lost"andhadtoclimbatreetofindoutwherewewere.Ifyoureadastoryinwhichsomeonedoesthatsuccessfully,beskeptical;thetopmostbranchesareusuallytooskinnytoholdweight,andwecouldneverclimbhighenoughtoseeanythingexceptothertrees.Therewerefourorfivetreesthatwevisitedregularly-tallbeecheseasytoclimbandcomfortabletositin.

Itwasinatree,too,thatourdaysoffoolingaroundinthewoodscametoanend.Bythensomeofushasreachedseventhgradeandhadbeguntheroughrideofadolescence(青春期).InMarch,themonthwhenweusuallytooktothewoodsagainafterwinter,twofriendsandIsetouttogoexploring.Weclimbedatree,andallofasuddenitoccurredtoallthreeofusatthesametimethatwereallywereratherbigtobeupinatree.SoontherewouldbethespringdancesonFridayeveningsinthehighschoolcafeteria.（1）Theauthorandhisfriendswereoftenoutinthewoodsto

.A.

spendtheirfreetime

B.

playgolfandothersportsC.

avoiddoingtheirschoolwork

D.

keepawayfromtheirparents（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.

Theactivitiesinthewoodswerewellplanned.

B.

Humanhistoryisnottheresultofexploration.C.

Explorationshouldbeasystematicactivity.

D.

Theauthorexploredinthewoodsaimlessly（3）Theunderlinedword"skeptical"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto

.A.

calm

B.

doubtful

C.

serious

D.

optimistic（4）Thereasonwhywevisitedthefourorfivetreesregularlyisthefollowingexceptthat

.A.

theyweretallbeeches

B.

theywereeasytoclimbC.

theywerenothitoclimb

D.

theywerecomfortabletositin（5）Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthischildhood?A.

Happybutshort.

B.

Lonelybutmemorable.C.

Boringandmeaningless.

D.

Longandunforgettable.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，小時(shí)侯玩耍的“樹林”對(duì)與作者和朋友們的意義。講述了我們?cè)凇皹淞帧敝兴鶑氖碌幕顒?dòng)——探索，以及隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，不再去那里的經(jīng)歷。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Forusten-year-olds,“beingoutinthewoods”wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.”可知，作者和朋友們經(jīng)?！叭淞种小笔菫榱硕冗^(guò)他們的休閑時(shí)光。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ourexplorations,thoughseemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickindsomethingusuallycameupalongtheway.”可知，但是我們的探索與歷史上的相比不夠系統(tǒng)，有些東西通常都是在沿途中偶然出現(xiàn)的，因此推斷作者探索是無(wú)目的的。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“thetopmostbranchesareusuallytooskinnytoholdweight,andwecouldneverclimbhighenoughtoseeanythingexceptothertrees.”可知，最高的樹枝通常太細(xì)以至于不能承重，所以我們從來(lái)不能爬到可以看到除了樹以外的其它事物。因此推斷爬到樹上找出路是“不可信；懷疑的”的，與B項(xiàng)意義相近。故選B。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Therewerefourorfivetreesthatwevisitedregularly-tallbeecheseasytoclimbandcomfortabletositin.”可知，有四五棵樹是我們經(jīng)常去參觀的——它們由高大的樹枝，容易爬上去，坐在上面也很舒服。故選C。（5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Forusten-year-olds,‘beingoutinthewoods”wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.’”可知，作者和小伙伴們?cè)凇皹淞帧崩锖芸鞓?lè)；以及最后一段中的“Weclimbedatree,andallofasuddenitoccurredtoallthreeofusatthesametimethatwereallywereratherbigtobeupinatree.SoontherewouldbethespringdancesonFridayeveningsinthehighschoolcafeteria.”可推斷在不知不覺(jué)間作者和小伙伴們都已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了，時(shí)光過(guò)的很快。所以作者對(duì)童年的感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是快樂(lè)的，短暫的，但又是難忘的。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.

Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.

Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.

Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV---wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble,whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.

TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.

Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”

HarleyStreetpsychologistDrLucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikel