Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldPart1清單式背誦——主干知識一遍過1.voyagen.航行；航海make/takeavoyage進行航行beonavoyagefrom...to...從……往……航行goonavoyage去航行【聯(lián)想】有關“旅行”的詞匯還有：tour,travel,journey,trip等。2.becauseof因為；由于eg.(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Thislittleboythereforecouldhelpsupporthisfamily.AllofthiswasbecauseofJohn’sbrightidea.這個小男孩由此可以幫助養(yǎng)家。這一切都是因為約翰的好主意?！军c撥】becauseof與because的用法區(qū)別：(1)becauseof是介詞短語，表示原因，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞或what引導的賓語從句，在句中作狀語。(2)because是從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句，表示主句的根本原因。【聯(lián)想】“因為；由于”的常用表達還有：thanksto，owingto，dueto，asaresultof，onaccountof3.nativeadj.本國的；本地的n.本地人；本國人?anativeof...是……的本地人；原產于……的動物或植物?benativeto...原產于……nativeland/country/language故鄉(xiāng)/祖國/母語eg.ThePandaisamammalnativetocentral－westernandsouthwesternChina.(事物介紹)熊貓是一種原產于中國的中西部和西南部的哺乳動物。4.comeup走近；上來；提出；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生；(太陽、月亮等)升起eg.Hewascominguptomewhenthesuncameupandhetoldmethattheoldtreeinthegardenwasbeginningtocomeup.太陽升起的時候他正朝我走過來，告訴我花園里的那棵老樹開始發(fā)芽了?！军c撥】(1)comeup的主語是物，表示“(計劃、建議、議題等)被提出”，為不及物動詞短語。(2)comeupwith/putforward的主語是人或團體組織，表示“(某人)提出”，為及物動詞短語。5.actuallyadv.實際上；事實上eg.(2021·浙江1月卷)ThatvideowaspostedthedaybeforeHalloween.ActuallymymomhadaskedwhethershecouldpostitontheInternet,becauseafterallIwassoembarrassedandlookedsosillyinit.這段視頻是在萬圣節(jié)前一天發(fā)布的。事實上，我媽媽問過我是否可以把它發(fā)到網上，因為畢竟我穿著它很尷尬，看起來很傻。【聯(lián)想】actually的同義短語：intruth,inreality,infact,asamatteroffact6.basevt.以……為根據n.基部(foundation)；基地；基礎?base...on/upon...把……建立在……基礎之上bebasedon/upon...以……為基礎?basicadj.基本的；基礎的basicallyadv.基本上(primarily)；從根本上說eg.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)TheplayisbasedonalovestorybetweenNiulang,anordinaryboyonearthandZhinü，aweavinggirlinHeaven.該劇以人間一個普通男孩牛郎和天上織女之間的愛情故事為基礎。7.atpresent(＝atthepresenttime)現(xiàn)在；目前bepresentat出席forthepresent/forthemoment目前；暫時【點撥】present意為“目前的”時，常用作前置定語；意為“在場的”時，常用作后置定語。eg.Themanpresentatthemeetingisthepresentpresidentofourcountry.出席會議的那個人是我們的現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)。【聯(lián)想】“出席與缺席”的相關詞匯：①presentadj.出席的；在場的；現(xiàn)在的；當前的→presencen.出席；存在；到場②absentadj.缺席的；缺乏的；不在的→absencen.不在；缺席；缺乏8.enrichvt.使富裕；充實；改善enrichsoil使土地肥沃enrichlife讓生活多姿多彩eg.Byreadingweenrichthemind;byconversationwepolishit.(學校生活)讀書使人充實，交談使人精明?！韭?lián)想】en－前綴和－en后綴改變詞性：rich→enrichv.使富裕courage→encouragev.鼓勵able→enablev.使能夠large→enlargev.使擴大sure→ensurev.確保；擔保strength→strengthenv.加強；鞏固short→shortenv.縮短；使變短broad→broadenv.拓寬threat→threatenv.威脅fright→frightenv.使害怕9.makeuseof利用；使用makefull/gooduseof充分利用makethebest/mostof充分利用takeadvantageof利用【點撥】makeuseof短語的構成特點為：動詞＋名詞＋介詞。此短語通常作以下變化：(1)把use或of后的賓語提前，使用被動語態(tài)；(2)把use提前用作先行詞，其后接定語從句。eg.EveryminutemustbemadefulluseoftoimproveourspokenEnglish.(語言學習)必須充分利用每一分鐘來提高口語。Hissuccessliesintheusethathecanmakeofeveryopportunitytoimprovehimself.(人物介紹)他的成功在于他能夠善于利用每一個機會來提高自己。10.latteradj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的n.后者theformer...thelatter...前者……后者……eg.JaneandCatherinearemyfriends.Theformerisateacher;thelatterisadoctor.簡和凱瑟琳是我的朋友。前者是老師，后者是醫(yī)生?！韭?lián)想】①表示“順序”：formeradj.前者的；latteradj.后者的；lastadj.最后的②表示“時間”：lateadj.&adv.遲；晚；lateradj.后來的adv.后來；latestadj.最新的；最近的；latelyadv.最近；近來eg.Lately，AnnieandHankarrivedalmost4hourslatethanplanned.Later，thelatterwenttoseethelatestmovielatethatevening.最近，安妮和漢克比原計劃晚到了將近四個小時。后來，后者深夜去看最新的電影了。11.commandn.[C]命令；指令(order)[U]控制，掌握vt.命令(order)，指揮(instruct)；支配；俯瞰?haveagoodcommand/knowledgeof很好地掌握；精通takecommandof/incommandof控制，掌握?commandsbtodosth命令某人做某事commandthat...(should)do...命令……做……eg.AforeignercannothaveagoodcommandofChineseunlessheovercomestheculturalbarriersinlearningChinese.(語言學習)外國人在漢語學習中，只有克服文化障礙才能很好地掌握漢語?！韭?lián)想】后跟賓語從句時，從句謂語用(should)do形式的常見動詞還有：一堅持：insist二命令：order，command三建議：suggest，advise，recommend四要求：demand，request，require，desire再加一個督促：urge12.requestn.&vt.請求；要求?makearequestfor請求；要求attherequestofsb/atone’srequest應某人的要求?requestsbtodosth請求/要求某人做某事requestthat...(should)dosth請求/要求……做某事eg.Whenshehadgonealittlewaytowardshercarriage,shechangedhermindand,turningback,calledhimtohersothatshecouldwhisperapartingrequestinhisear.然而，當她向馬車走了一小段路后，她改變了主意，轉過身，把他叫到她跟前，好讓她能在他耳邊悄悄地說一句臨別的請求。13.playapart(in)扮演一個角色；參與playarolein在……中起作用；扮演……角色takepartin參加14.recognize/recognisevt.認識；辨認出(distinguish/pickout)；承認；公認；認可(admit，acknowledge)?recognize...as/tobe...認為……是……berecognizedtobe/as...被認為是……Itisrecognizedthat...人們公認……?recognitionn.認出；認識；承認；贊揚beyond/outofrecognition認不出來eg.(2022·青島模擬)Hesawherlyingonthebedandrecognizedheratthefirstsightofher.他看到她躺在床上，一眼就認出了她。15.blockn.街區(qū)；塊；木塊；石塊v.阻塞；阻止?threeblocksaway三個街區(qū)遠ablockofsoap一塊肥皂putuparoadblock設置路障?beblockedwith被……阻塞blockout擋住，遮住eg.Darkcloudssurroundedtheearth,completelyblockingoutthesun.Itwasawild,roaringwind，flyingsandsandrollingstones.烏云籠罩著地球，完全擋住了太陽。狂風飛沙走石。教材詞塊1.in/onateam在一支球隊2.anofficiallanguage一門官方語言3.attheendofthe16thcentury在16世紀末4.nativeEnglishspeakers以英語為母語的人5.enrichtheEnglishlanguage豐富了英語這門語言6.awidervocabulary更大的詞匯量7.asaforeignorsecondlanguage作為一門外語或第二語言8.morethanonekindofEnglish不止一種英語9.beverydifferentfromoneanother彼此之間有很大的不同10.averylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers眾多講英語很流利的人11.fromallovertheworld來自世界各地12.fromoneplacetoanother從一個地方到另一個地方13.withoutasecondthought不假思索14.correctyourspellingmistakes糾正你的拼寫錯誤15.turnofftheradio關閉收音機16.standardEnglish標準英語教材佳句1.Asweknow，BritishEnglishisalittledifferentfromAmericanEnglish.(語言學習；as引導定語從句)眾所周知，英式英語和美式英語有所不同。2.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.(語言學習；more...than...)當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎，而我們今天所說的英語不是。3.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.(evenif引導讓步狀語從句)以英語作為母語的人，盡管他們所講的英語不盡相同，也可以相互理解。4.SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectaspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.(thesame...as...)因此，美國東南部山區(qū)的人同美國西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。1.Believeitornot，thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。句型公式|Thereisnosuch＋單數(shù)名詞＋as...“nosuch＋單數(shù)名詞”意為“沒有這樣的……”，其中單數(shù)名詞前不可再加冠詞，相當于“notsucha(n)＋單數(shù)名詞”。(1)Thereisnosuch＋單數(shù)名詞＋as...(2)such＋單數(shù)名詞＋that結果狀語從句(3)such...as...像……這樣的……，as在句中引導定語從句。①Thereisnosuchthingasagreattalentwithoutgreatwill－power.沒有偉大的意志力，便沒有雄才大略。②Theseanimalsarebeinghuntedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearsoon.(生態(tài)保護)以如此速度捕殺動物，它們很快就會消失。③Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我從未聽過他講的這種故事。2.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio，thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.這是因為在早期的廣播時代，人們期望報道新聞的人能說一口流利的英語。句型公式|This/Thatisbecause...This/Thatiswhy...這/那就是……的原因Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Themother’seyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray.Thatwasbecausethetwinsgaveherasurprisinggift.母親一看到早餐托盤就睜大了眼睛。那是因為這對雙胞胎給了她一份令人驚訝的禮物。②I’vegotacold；thatiswhyIamremindedtodrinkmorehotwater.我感冒了，那就是我被提醒多喝熱水的原因。③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)ThereasonwhyIhaveapreferenceforYouthisthatithasaccompaniedmethroughoutmyhighschoolyears,leadingmeintotheouterworldasasilentfriend.(事物介紹)我之所以偏愛《青春》，是因為它伴隨著我走過整個高中時代，作為一個無聲的朋友引導我進入外部世界。Part2學案式檢測——背誦效果速評估(限時20分鐘)Ⅰ.單詞過關檢測課內基礎達標——英漢互譯1.voyagen.航行；航海2.vocabularyn.詞匯；詞匯量；詞表3.spellingn.拼寫；拼法4.commandn.&vt.命令；指令；掌握5.requestn.&vt.請求；要求6.accentn.口音；腔調；重音7.basevt.以……為根據n.基部；基地；基礎8.nativeadj.本國的；本地的n.本地人；本國人9.officialadj.官方的；正式的；公務的n.官員；公務員10.straightadv.直接；挺直adj.直的；筆直的；正直的11.elevatorn.電梯；升降機12.conquervt.征服；占領13.apartmentn.公寓住宅；單元住宅14.dialectn.方言15.blockn.街區(qū)；塊；木塊；石塊16.subwayn.地下人行道；地鐵17.petroln.汽油18.lightningn.閃電課外拓展延伸——詞形變換1.actualadj.實際的→actuallyadv.實際上；事實上2.gradualadj.逐漸的；逐步的→graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地3.recognizevt.辨認出；承認；公認→recognitionn.承認；識別4.lateadj.遲的；晚的→latteradj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的→latestadj.最新的；最近的5.fluentadj.流利的；流暢的→fluentlyadv.流利地；流暢地→fluencyn.流利；流暢6.frequentadj.頻繁的；常見的→frequentlyadv.常常；頻繁地→frequencyn.頻率7.expressvt.表示；表達n.快車；快遞→expressionn.詞語；表示；表達8.usevt.使用n.用途→usagen.使用；用法；詞語慣用法→usefuladj.有用的→uselessadj.無用的9.base以……為根據n.基部；基地；基礎→basicadj.基本的；基礎的→basicallyadv.基本上；總的來說→basisn.基礎；基準；準則10.officialadj.官方的；正式的；公務的n.官員；公務員→officiallyadv.正式地；官方地；公開地11.richadj.富有的；富含的→enrichvt.使富裕；充實；改善12.identityn.本身；本體；身份→identifyvt.識別；確認Ⅱ.短語詞塊過關檢測課內基礎達標——英漢互譯1.come__up走近；上來；提出2.be__based__on/upon以……為基礎3.believe__it__or__not信不信由你4.play__a__part__(in)扮演一個角色；參與5.because__of因為；由于6.make__use__of利用；使用7.native__English__speakers以英語為母語的人8.morethan超過；非常；不只是；不僅是9.suchas例如……；像這種的10.atpresent現(xiàn)在；目前11.thenumberof……的數(shù)量12.withoutasecondthought不假思索課外拓展延伸——英漢互譯1.be__native__to...原產于……2.the__former...the__latter...前者……后者……3.be__present__at出席4.beyond/out__of__recognition認不出來5.have__a__good__command/knowledge__of很好地掌握；精通6.enrichlife讓生活多姿多彩7.takeadvantageof利用8.requestsbtodosth請求/要求某人做某事9.threeblocksaway三個街區(qū)遠10.goonavoyage去航行Ⅲ.句式過關檢測課內基礎達標——補全句子1.以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的英語不盡相同，也可以相互理解。(evenif引導讓步狀語從句)NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereven__if__they__don’t__speak__the__same__kind__of__English.2.信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。(Thereisnosuch＋單數(shù)名詞＋as...)Believeitornot，thereisno__such__thing__as__standard__English.3.這是因為在早期的電臺節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員英語說得很好。(Thisisbecause...)This__is__because__in__the__early__days__of__radio，those__who__reported__the__news__were__expected__tospeakexcellentEnglish.4.因此，美國東南部山區(qū)的人同美國西北部地區(qū)的人所說的方言幾乎是一樣的。(thesame...as...)SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeak__with__almost__the__same__dialect__as__peopleinthenorthwesternUSA.課外拓展延伸——補全句子1.母親一看到早餐托盤就睜大了眼睛。那是因為這對雙胞胎給了她一份令人驚訝的禮物。(Thatwasbecause...)Themother’seyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray.That__was__because__the__twins__gave__her__a__surprising__gift.2.沒有偉大的意志力，便沒有雄才大略。(Thereisnosuch＋單數(shù)名詞＋as...)There__is__no__such__thing__as__a__great__talentwithoutgreatwill－power.3.該劇以人間一個普通男孩牛郎和天上織女之間的愛情故事為基礎。(bebasedon)The__play__is__based__on__a__love__storybetweenNiulang,anordinaryboyonearthandZhinü，aweavinggirlinHeaven.4.簡和凱瑟琳是我的朋友。前者是老師，后者是醫(yī)生。(theformer...thelatter...)JaneandCatherinearemyfriends.The__former__is__a__teacher;__the__latter__is__a__doctor.Part3層級式精練——單元要點全練通1.base用法個個清——練用法/猜詞義/寫美句①Thenovelwasbasedonaninterestingstoryanditwaswellworthreading.②(北京卷書面表達)Tobefrank，studyingforadegreeinadifferentcultureisdifficult.You’dbetterlearnsomebasic(base)Chinesebeforeyoucome.③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3，000meters，givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.n.底部④Based__on__an__interesting__story，thenovelwaswellworthreading.(用分詞短語作狀語改寫①)⑤Thenovelbased__on__an__interesting__storywaswellworthreading.(用分詞短語作定語改寫①)2.command用法巧練通——練用法/猜詞義/寫美句①Timewaslimited.Thebosscommandedusto__finish(finish)theworkasscheduled.②(2019·北京卷書面表達)Youcanbookthegrandhotelcommandingthewholewonderfulviewofthecity.v.俯瞰③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)精通英語使我有信心成為中國和英國之間交往的橋梁。Having__a__good__command__of__EnglishgivesmeconfidencetoserveasabridgebetweenChinaandBritain.3.request用法一遍過——練用法/寫美句①(2020·浙江7月卷)Atourrequest,thehelicoptercircledthesnowyareatofollowthebear,sothatwecouldtakemorephotographsofthebearrunningthroughthebush.②Theheadmasterrequestedusto__behave(behave)ourselvesatschool.③We__are__requested__to__behave__ourselves__at__school__by__the__headmaster.(把②變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài))4.recognize用法多棱鏡——練用法/寫美句①ZhongNanshanisrecognizedasoneofthegreatestscientistsinthefieldofmedicineinChina.②Thecityhasbeenbuiltupsofastthatithaschangedbeyondrecognition(recognize).③It__is__recognized__thatZhongNanshanisoneofthegreatestscientistsinthefieldofmedicineinChina.(用it作形式主語改寫①)5.comeup用法面面觀——猜詞義/寫美句①Thestudentcameuptohisteacherandaskedforadvice.走近②Theplanofprotectingtheenvironmentcameupatthemeetinglastyear.被提出③Springiscoming，andthegrassonthegroundbeginstocomeup.發(fā)芽④I’dlovetoattendyourparty，butsomethingunexpectedhascomeup.發(fā)生⑤Agoodplanwasputforwardatthemeetingyesterday，anditattractedmanypeople’sattention.→Agoodplancame__upatthemeetingyesterday，attracting__many__people’s__attention.(替換加黑詞匯；分詞短語作狀語)6.makeuseof用法點點練——練用法/寫美句①Nowmostofthestudentsaretryingtomakethebestuseofeveryminuteto__prepare(prepare)forthecomingexam.②Wemustmakefulluseofeveryminutetogooverourlessons.→Everyminutemust__be__made__full__use__of__to__go__over__our__lessons.(被動語態(tài))→Fullusemust__be__made__of__every__minute__to__go__over__our__lessons.(被動語態(tài))7.“原因”句型薈萃——練用法/寫美句①Hewassenttothehospital.That’sbecausehewasill.②Heisagoodteacherofmylifeandwilldoanythingforme.That’swhymyfatherismyhero.③The__reason__why__he__was__sent__to__the__hospital__was__that__he__was__ill.(用Thereason...改寫①)維度一詞形變化練1.(2021·浙江6月卷)“Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions(express)，”MullertoldLiveScience.2.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)However，withinafewyears，streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineastern(east)cities.3.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Official(office)reportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325，000in2001to419，000in2013.4.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Icouldseethemactually(actual)walkingunderthesea.5.(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Higher－incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently(frequent).6.Weholdsuchanactivitytoenrich(rich)ourschoollife.7.Gradually(gradual),theyaretiredoflifeinthenoisycity.8.ThedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanspelling(spell)areslight.維度二固定用法練1.(2020·天津7月卷)Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.2.Believeitornot，wewereleftwaitingintherainfortwohours.3.Atpresent，we’recollectinginformationfromallsources.4.Itwasmoreherhardworkthanherclevernessthatledtohersuccess.5.Asisreported，thenumberofvisitorstoHainanhas__increased(increase)sharplyduringthelasttwomonths.6.Asweallknow,thepandaisnativetoChina.7.HesaidthatheusedtomakevoyagestoAfricaatthattimebecauseofhisbusiness.8.Withalargenumberofthingstosettle,Ican’tgotoseeafilmwithyou.9.Vinegarplaysanimportantpart/roleinhelpinguskeephealthy.10.Iboughtthesamebookasyougavetoher.維度三語境辨義練■熟詞生義——根據語境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1.(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.vt.常去，常到2.(2019·浙江卷)Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren’seffortstopushthemselvesandworkhardtoachieveagoal.vt.認可，贊賞■一詞多義——根據語境選出block的含義A.n.街區(qū)B.n.一塊(木頭、石頭等)C.n.棟；座；幢D.vt.阻擋；堵塞1.Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.D2.(北京卷)Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning，theysendtheself－drivingminibus.A3.Thelittleboyputablockoficeintothecup.B4.Severalblocksofflatshavebeenbuiltinthisarea.C人與自我——生活與學習用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識完成作文假設你是李華，你的朋友Tom來信說他在學習漢語時遇到許多困惑，向你尋求學好漢語的建議。請你給他回信，內容包括：1.漢語的重要性；2.提出具體的建議。DearTom，Atpresent，therearemanyforeignerslearningChinese，becauseChina1.is__playing__an__important__part__in__the__world(在世界上起著重要的作用).ItiswithagoodcommandofChinesethatyouwillgetabetterunderstandingofChina，acountrywithalonghistoryofmorethan5，000years.AsfortheadviceonlearningChinese，Iwouldsay2.there__is__no__such__thing__as__a__free__lunch__in__the__world(世界上沒有免費的午餐).Therefore，speakingChinesefluentlyshould3.be__based__on__hard__work(以努力工作為基礎).Tobeginwith，4.make__good__use__of__every__opportunity(充分利用每一個機會)topracticeChinese—themoreyouuseChinese，thebetteryouwilllearnit.Mostimportantly，5.even__if__many__problems__may__come__up(即使可能會出現(xiàn)許多問題)inlearningChinese，youshouldnotgiveup.Yours，LiHuaPart4配餐式作業(yè)——高考題型精準練(限時30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·昆明市高三“三診一?！?“Timeflies.Youthfades.Treasureeachmomentofyourlife，”accompaniedbyguitaranddrums，theBandforOne，madeupoffivepeople，sangthelyrics(歌詞)soulfullyduringaperformanceinHangzhou，ZhejiangProvince，onNovember7，2020.Behindtheband，therewasapictureofayoungmannamedPhilipHancockshownonthescreen.Andheisthereasonwhytheywereallthere.Hancockwasa27－year－oldAustralianwhotaughtEnglishinChongqing.Whenhediedin2018duetoadisease，hisparentsfollowedhiswishesanddonatedhisorgans.Thefivepeopleintroducedthemselvesonstage.TheyaretheoneswhoreceivedPhilip’sorgans.“LastNovember，theRedCrossofficialstoldmePhilip’sparentsmentionedduringanearliermemorialservicethathelovedmusicanddreamedofhavinghisownbandoneday，”saidChenXianjun，arecipient(接受者).ChenwasinstantlyonboardtoformabandinmemoryofPhilip，andsoweretheotherfourrecipients.Sincetheyhadnomusicexperience，theyhadtostart__from__scratch.Fromlearningtheguitar，tomasteringthemaracasandtakingonthedrums，theytooktimeoutoftheirbusylivestopracticeoverthepastyear.PeterHancock，Philip’sfather，saidafterwatchingtheband’sperformance，hisbiggestwishisforthefivetoenjoytheirlivesmore.Organdonationisnotonlythebestwaytohonoralovedone，butalsoaremarkablewaytosavethelivesofothers.Chinafacesaseriousshortageoforgans，withabout300，000peoplewaitingfororgantransplantsurgerieseachyear.Butthegoodnewsis，moreandmorepeoplehavebeensigninguptobeorgandonors，showingthespiritofselflessnessthatPhilipandsomanyothershaveshown.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。27歲的澳大利亞人菲利普在重慶教英語，2018年不幸因病去世，父母遵照他的遺愿將器官捐獻了。菲利普生前喜歡音樂，為了感恩，五位獲助者組建了樂隊并在杭州參加了表演。1.Whydidthefivepeopleformtheband?A.Tocompeteinasingingperformance.B.ToshowtheirrespectforPeterHancock.C.ToraisemoneyforthelocalRedCross.D.ToexpresstheirappreciationtoPhilip.答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段內容，尤其尾句“ChenwasinstantlyonboardtoformabandinmemoryofPhilip，andsoweretheotherfourrecipients”可知，菲利普去世后，父母遵照他的遺愿將器官捐贈了，五位獲助者為了表達對菲利普的感謝組建了一個樂隊。]2.Howlongdidittaketherecipientstopreparefortheperformance?A.Oneyear. B.Twoyears.C.Threeyears. D.Fiveyears.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段第二句“Fromlearningtheguitar，tomastering...livestopracticeoverthepastyear”可知，為準備好演出，獲助者們花了一年時間。]3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“startfromscratch”inparagraph4mean?A.loseinterestinmusicB.practicefromtheverybeginningC.takepartintrainingcoursesD.turntosomemusiciansforhelp答案B[詞句猜測題。根據第四段第一句中的“Sincetheyhadnomusicexperience”可知，他們沒有與音樂相關的經驗，結合該段第二句“Fromlearningtheguitar，tomastering...livestopracticeoverthepastyear”可以判斷，由于沒有經驗，獲助者們從頭開始學起，他們花了一年時間做準備。故畫線部分意為“從頭開始”。]4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Citizensareencouragedtodonateorgans.B.Organdonationisthebestwaytosavelives.C.Theauthorthinkshighlyoforgandonation.D.Fewpeoplearewillingtodonatetheirorgans.答案C[推理判斷題。根據尾段第一句“Organdonationisnotonly...tosavethelivesofothers”可知，器官捐贈不僅是紀念所愛之人的最好方式，也是拯救他人生命的非凡方式。據此可以推知，作者對器官捐贈高度贊同。]【詞匯積累】1.accompanyv.陪同，伴隨；隨著；為……伴唱，為……伴奏2.memorialn.紀念物，請愿書adj.紀念性的；追悼的3.transplant/tr?ns'plɑ?nt/n.移植，移居者，移植物v.使遷移，移植(活體組織，器官)B(2022·鄭州市高三質量預測)Thereyouare，lookingthroughyourWeChatmomentsoryourWeibofeed，andyoucomeacrossapostsayingsomethinglikethis：“IjustgotacceptedtoHarvardandOxford！Aretheysuretheydidn’tmixmyapplicationsupwithsomebodyelse’s？”Thispersonisclearlyhumblebragging.Theterm“humblebrag”wasfirstcoinedbackin2010bythelateUScomedianHarrisWittels，anditdescribeswhensomeonemakesaseeminglymodeststatement，buttheactualpurposeistobringattentiontosomethingtheyareproudof.Theexampleaboveisamodesty－basedhumblebrag.Thepersonwantstotellothers：“IgotacceptedtoHarvardandOxford！”However，theydon’twanttoseemtooproudoftheiraccomplishments.So，instead，theyworditinawaytobemoremodestandbringdowntheimportanceoftheirachievements.Althoughpeoplewhohumblebragthinkitwillmakethemmorelikeablebecausetheyaren’ttalkingproudlyabouttheirvictories，astudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyshowedthathumblebraggingactuallyhastheoppositeeffect.“Humblebraggingdoesn’thavetheintendedresultbecauseitseemsinsincere.That‘poorme’attitudecombinedwithself－promotiondoesnotleadtoafavorableimpression，”saidOvulSezer，theleadauthorofthestudyandanassistantprofessoroforganizationalbehaviorattheUniversityofNorthCarolina，US.“Evensimplybraggingorcomplaining(抱怨)isbetter，becauseatleastpeopleexpressingthosemessagesareseenasthesincereones.”Sezer’sstudyalsofoundthatnearly60%ofhumblebragswerecomplaint－basedhumblebragging，withmostpeoplehumblebraggingabouttheirlooks，followedbytheirmoneyorwealth，andfinallyabouttheirperformanceatwork.“It’ssuchacommonphenomenon.Allofusknowsomepeopleinourlives，whetherinthesocialmediaorintheworkplace，whodothisannoyingthing，”commentedSezer，addingthatwealldoittosomeextent.So，ifyouwanttoshareyourachievementswithothers，what’sthebestwaytodoitthen?Sezersuggeststhatpeopleadmittheirself－promotionandharvesttherewardsofbeingsincere.Shealsosuggestsfindingago－between，adding，“Ifsomeonebragsforyou，that’sthebestthingthatcanhappentoyou，becausethenyoudon’tseemlikeyou’rebragging.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要講述了近期流行的一種網絡語言風格——凡爾賽文學，包括凡爾賽文學的來歷和社交效果以及人們想要分享自己成就時的正確做法。5.Theunderlinedword“coined”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”.A.recognized B.inventedC.bought D.copied答案B[詞句猜測題。結合語境可知，此處表示“humblebrag”一詞最早是由已故的美國喜劇演員哈里斯·維特爾斯創(chuàng)造的，描述了當一個人做了一個看似謙虛的陳述，但實際的目的是引起人們對他自豪的事情的關注，故B項與下劃線詞的意義最為接近。]6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredashumblebragging?A.Hesitatingtotalkaboutyourachievements.B.Bringingpeople’sattentiontoyourachievements.C.Talkingproudlyaboutyourachievementsinthesocialmedia.D.Pretendingtobemodestwhentalkingaboutyourachievements.答案D[推理判斷題。根據文章對humblebrag的定義可知，humblebrag指的是人們故作謙虛地去吹噓自己的成就，表面在刻意低調，實則在高調炫耀。]7.WhatisSezer’sattitudetowardshumblebragging?A.Cautious. B.Ambiguous.C.Supportive. D.Disapproving.答案D[推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“Humblebraggingdoesn’thave...leadtoafavorableimpression”可知，歐法·西澤對于humblebragging的態(tài)度是反對的。cautious“謹慎的；小心的”；ambiguous“含混不清的，模棱兩可的”。]8.WhatdoesSezersuggestpeopledowhenitcomestosharingachievements?A.Sharetheirachievementswiththeirbestfriends.B.Bringdowntheimportanceoftheirachievements.C.Findsomeoneelsetotalkabouttheirachievements.D.Talkabouttheirachievementsaftersomeoneelsedoes.答案C[推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，西澤認為如果有人愿意替你吹噓，那么這對你來說是最好的事情了，因為這樣的話，你看起來沒有在吹噓。]【詞匯積累】1.bringattentionto引起注意2.accept熟義：v.接受生義：v.錄取3.word熟義：n.單詞生義：v.用語言表達4.intendedadj.預定的，打算的5.brag/br?ɡ/v.吹噓，自吹自擂6.add熟義：v.增加生義：v.補充說Ⅱ.七選五(2022·貴陽市適應性測試)Areyouafraidofexpressingideasormakingnegativecomments?Doyoualwayssayyestoseekshelterorwantapprovalfromothers？__1__Youprobablytendtosatisfyotherpeople’sneedsaheadofyourown.Inthelongrun,itwillhaveasideeffectonyourlife.It’lltakesometimeforyoutoadjust,andit’stimetoknowhow.?Say“no”effectively.Itmighttakesomepractice,butletpeopleknowwhenyoucan’tdowhattheywant.Ifaflat“no”seemsdifficulttoyou，showyourunderstandingforthepersonandhisorherneeds.__2__?Setyourpriorities.__3__Ithelpsyouchoosewhattosayyestoandwhattodecline.Ifyoufeeltrappedinadecision,writealistofyourdemands(oroptions)andplacetheminorderofwhat’smostimportanttoyou.?__4__There’snothingwrongwithvoicingyouropinions.Simplyremindingpeoplethatyou’reanindividualwithyourownpreferenceisabigstepforward.Ifyoutendtopleasepeoplebygoingalongwithotherpeopleinsteadofvoicingyourlikesordislikes,speakout.?Takecareofyourself.Ignoringyourneedscanbeasignofalackofself－love.Lookingafteryourselfandtakingcareofyourbodyisn’tselfish.__5__Eathealthymeals,exerciseregularly,anddothingsthatmakeyourbodyfeelgood.A.Developyourpreference.B.Speakupforwhatyouwant.C.Sparesometimeeachdayforyourhealth.D.Ifyouagreetohelpsomeone,setatimelimit.E.Ifyes,youmaybeclassifiedasapeoplepleaser.F.Placethemostimportantatthetopoftheschedule.G.Still,youne