第9講體裁微解——新聞報(bào)道新聞報(bào)道的第一句往往為全文的中心句(topicsentence)，因此在這個(gè)句子中主要講清what(事件)，when(時(shí)間)，where(地點(diǎn))和who(人物)，而在下文則要補(bǔ)充事件的過程和細(xì)節(jié)，往往包括why(目的或原因)和how(具體過程)等。新聞報(bào)道的一些常用語(yǔ)包括Itisreportedthat...，Asisreported...，Accordingtothereport...，Itisestimatedthat...等。新聞報(bào)道亦為記敘文，時(shí)態(tài)一般要用過去時(shí)；主句、從句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，語(yǔ)言客觀平實(shí)，往往沒有過分花哨的詞匯和過于復(fù)雜的句型。主要具有以下特點(diǎn)：選材新聞報(bào)道要突出新聞性，作者應(yīng)避免對(duì)該新聞事件進(jìn)行主觀判斷和評(píng)價(jià)。內(nèi)容新聞報(bào)道的內(nèi)容真實(shí)、新鮮、及時(shí)、重要、趣味可讀，時(shí)效性極強(qiáng)。結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)題＋導(dǎo)語(yǔ)＋正文＋結(jié)束語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言短小精悍(常用代詞)；客觀真實(shí)(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和間接引語(yǔ)的使用)。命題題型主要為觀點(diǎn)推斷題；考查語(yǔ)篇銜接，推斷某一特定詞或者短語(yǔ)的指代內(nèi)容；考查主旨?xì)w納題。新聞報(bào)道主要是提供事實(shí)信息，一般是簡(jiǎn)單敘述事件發(fā)生的五要素，事件經(jīng)過和各方反應(yīng)，很少去探究事件背后深層次的原因。新聞報(bào)道的體裁主要有消息、通訊，通常采用記敘的方式來講清事實(shí)(即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因)，強(qiáng)調(diào)用事實(shí)說話，注重準(zhǔn)確客觀。因此，做題時(shí)要關(guān)注新聞報(bào)道的結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié)。具體答題策略如下：(2019·浙江·B)Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth，aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread，“GiveWhatYouCan，TakeWhatYouNeed.”Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars，manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages，races，andsocio-economic(社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的)backgroundsgaveandtook，”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox，whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles，butafewpeopleleftfives，tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost，isthattheywerefullofsmiles，”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.”Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew，butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign，Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall，everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays，”hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”24．Whatdoestheexpression“Moneywithnostringsattached.”inparagraph1mean?A．Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B．Moneynotlegallymade.C．Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D．Moneynottiedtogether.25．WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A．Womentendedtobemoresociable.B．Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C．Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D．Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.26．WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A．Todoatestonpeople’smorals.B．Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.C．Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D．Topromotekindnessandsympathy.ALaunchedinSingaporelastNovember，HongKong-basedcompanyOmnifoodshasintroducedarangeofsixplant-basedseafoodstostandinfortuna，crabandwhitefish.Similartotheirporksubstitutes，thenewproductsaresaidtoofferasafeandalternativesourceofproteinwhiletacklingenvironmentalconcernslikeoverfishingandworseningoftheseas.Omnifoods’expansioncomesatatimewhenthemarketforplant-basedproductsisgrowing.AccordingtoEnterpriseSingapore，localinterestinsensibleconsumptiondoubledin2021，andflexitarians—peoplewhoprimarilyeataplant-baseddietbutoccasionallyconsumemeatorseafood—representthefastestgrowth.Theoceanisanotherreasoncitedastheneedforplant-basedseafood.Theaveragepersonhereconsumed22kgofseafoodlastyear，surpassingtheglobalaverageof20kg.TheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)alsoobservedthatthreequartersoftheseafoodservedinSingaporeisunsustainable.Besides，fishfarminginvolvestheuseofchemicalstopreventdiseaseandparasitesandthesechemicalsthenaccumulateinfishtissues，whichbecomesaseriousthreattopeople’shealth.Omnifoodssaystheirproductsaddressalltheseconcerns.Madeprimarilyfromnon-geneticallymodifiedsoybeans，theplant-basedalternativesarefreeofharmfulsubstances，absolutelysafe.Thecompanypointedoutthattheproductsshareasimilarlook，feelandtasteoftherealthing.“We’vedonepilottastetestswithfriends，family，andonesushirestaurant.Manyadmiretheappearanceandmouthfeelthatourtunaproducthasaswellasitsnutritionalbenefits.Nowwearestrugglingtoimproveourproductuntilit’sanexactmatchortastesbetterthananimal-basedtuna，”addedDavidYeung.BesidesOmnifoods，Singaporecompaniesarealsoexploringthealternativeseafoodmarket.GrowthwellGrouprecentlyraisedUS$22milliontofunditsattemptintoshrimp，squidandcrabmadeusingchickpeaprotein.“Globaldemandforplant-basedmeatsisalsoshootingup，withthevaluesettoreachUS$23.2billionby2024，”saidmarketresearchcompanyEuromonitor.1．Whichisthehighlightoftheplant-basedseafood?A．Beingreasonably-priced.B．Beingphysically-appealing.C．Beingenvironmentally-friendly.D．Beingpersonally-tailored.2．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyfocuson?A．Therecenttrendinpeople’sdiet.B．Thepotentialrisksoffishingfarming.C．ThemethodsofOmnifoodsexpandingitsbusiness.D．Thefactorsdrivingthepopularityofplant-basedseafood.3．Whichbestdescribestheprospectofthealternativeseafoodmarket?A．Promising. B．Risky.C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.4．What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A．RealSeafoodIstobeReplacedB．Alternative-seafoodHasaLongWaytoGoC．Omnifoods：APioneerofPlant-basedSeafoodD．NextFoodFrontier：SeafoodMadeFromPlantsB(2022·安徽江南十校一模聯(lián)考)Watchinghisfatherdiewithoutoxygensupportwhilesufferingfromaheartattackin2020，TaherMahmudTarif，aBangladeahiboy，madeuphismindtobuildadevicetopreventanymoresuchtragicdeaths.Afterwards，manyCOVID-19patientsexperiencedlowoxygenlevelsintheirblood，withdemandforoxygenconcentrators(濃縮器)amongothermedicalequipmentshootingupduringtherecentsharpriseincases.Tarifsaidthesituationgavehimmoredrivingforcetobuildthedevice.WiththefinancialandoverallsupportofIshwardiUNOofficeandhiseducationalinstitution，Tarif’sdeterminationandtirelesseffortswererewardedwithsuccessastheninthgraderofIshwardiSaraMarwariHighSchoolmanagedtomaketheconcentratoraftertryingfivetimesforaboutsevenmonths，mainlyusingdomesticcomponents.Hesaidthatalocallymadeoxygenconcentratorlikehiscostsapproximately$760whereasanimportedonedoesover$2,600.InJune，TarifgaveadetailedaccountofhisinventionandmanufactureattheUNOofficeinIshwardiat11∶00amonTuesday.Hesaiditwascreatedfromhisownthinkingandwiththeadditionoflocaltechnologygeneratorsandelectriccomponents.Anoxygenconcentratortakesinairandremovesnitrogen(氮?dú)?fromit，leavingoxygen-enrichedgasforusebypeopleneedingmedicaloxygen.“About90percentoxygenconcentrationcanbegeneratedfrommyoxygenconcentratormachine.Thismachinecanprovidehigh-flowoxygensupplytoo.Itcanbeveryhandyinlocalareaswithnoscopeofgettingoxygensupport，”Tarifadded.“Thisisobviouslyagoodinventionforoxygengeneration.Itiscapableofproducinghigh-flowoxygensoitcanbeusedforpatientsorrefillingoxygenbottles，”saidanassistantprofessorofPabnaMedicalCollegeHospital.“Despitemorelabandotherexaminationsbeforeusingthemachineasmedicalequipment，”theUNOsaid