2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解技巧沖刺押題試卷高分突破指南考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartADirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThedigitalagehasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofknowledgeacquisitionandsharing,posingbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallengestotraditionaleducationsystemsworldwide.Whiletheeaseofaccessinginformationonlinehasdemocratizedlearningtoanextentneverseenbefore,ithasalsointroduceddistractionsanddifficultiesindiscerningcrediblesources.Educatorsandpolicymakersareincreasinglyconcernedabouthowtoharnessthebenefitsofdigitaltechnologywithoutcompromisingthedepthoflearningandcriticalthinkingskillsthatareessentialforthefuture.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthephenomenonknownas"infotainment"—theblendingofinformationandentertainmentinwaysthatoftenprioritizeengagementoversubstance.Socialmediaplatforms,searchengines,andevennewsoutletsaremeticulouslydesignedtocaptureandholduserattention,oftenthroughalgorithmsthatpresentcontenttailoredtoindividualpreferences,creatingechochambersandreinforcingexistingbiases.Thiscanleadstudentstoconsumeinformationinasuperficialmanner,seekingquickanswersandreadilydigestiblenarrativesratherthanengagingwithcomplexideasthatrequiresustainedconcentration.Furthermore,thesheervolumeofavailableinformationcanbeoverwhelming,makingitchallengingforlearnerstoidentifywhatismostrelevantorvaluable.Withoutproperguidance,studentsmayfindthemselveslostinaseaofdata,strugglingtosynthesizeinformationandformcoherentunderstanding.Theabilitytocriticallyevaluatesources,differentiatebetweenfactandopinion,andconstructlogicalargumentsbecomescrucial,yettheseskillsareoftenneglectedinthehastetopromotedigitalliteracy.However,thedigitalageisnotinherentlydetrimentaltoeducation.Whenusedeffectively,technologycanprovidepowerfultoolsforenhancinglearningexperiences.Interactivesimulations,onlinedatabases,andcollaborativeplatformsofferopportunitiesforimmersiveandengagingeducationthattraditionalmethodscannotalwaysreplicate.Thekeyliesinintegratingtechnologyintothecurriculuminathoughtful,purposefulmannerthatcomplements,ratherthansupplants,coreeducationalprinciples.Educatorsmustthereforefocusonteachingstudentshowtonavigatethedigitalworldcriticallyandresponsibly.Thisinvolvesdevelopingdigitalliteracyskillsthatgobeyondbasiccomputerproficiency,encompassingtheabilitytofind,evaluate,anduseinformationeffectively.Italsomeansfosteringalearningenvironmentthatencouragesdeepthinking,collaboration,andthedevelopmentofwell-reasonedperspectives.Onlythroughsucheffortscanweensurethatthedigitalagebecomesatrulybeneficialeraforeducation,empoweringlearnerstothriveinanincreasinglycomplexandinterconnectedworld.Questions:1.Whatisthemainconcernhighlightedinthepassageregardingthedigitalageandeducation?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemmightarisefromthe"echochambers"createdbyalgorithmiccontentdelivery?3.Whatcrucialskillsarementionedasoftenneglectedinthepursuitofpromotingdigitalliteracy?4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasakeyfactorforeffectivelyintegratingtechnologyintoeducation?PassageTwoUrbanizationhasbeenoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionsofpeoplemigratingfromruralareastocitiesinsearchofbettereconomicopportunities,education,andhealthcare.Whilecitiesofferaconcentrationofservicesandamenities,theyalsobringaboutarangeofsocialandenvironmentalpressures.Therapidgrowthofurbanpopulationschallengesexistinginfrastructure,strainsnaturalresources,andcontributestoissuessuchaspollution,congestion,andcrime.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesofurbanizationisthestrainitplacesonhousing.Asdemandforcitylivingincreases,housingpricesoftenescalate,makingitdifficultforlowerandmiddle-incomefamiliestoafforddecentaccommodation.Thiscanleadtothegrowthofinformalsettlementsorslums,whereresidentslackaccesstobasicserviceslikecleanwater,sanitation,andelectricity.Theresultinginequalitiescanexacerbatesocialtensionsandhindereconomicdevelopment.Furthermore,theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareascancontributetoenvironmentaldegradation.Increasedconsumption,transportationemissions,andwasteproductionplaceaheavyburdenonecosystems.Airpollution,forinstance,canhaveseverehealthconsequences,whiletheheatislandeffectcanmakecitiessignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareas.Managingwasteeffectivelyandensuringsustainableresourceusebecomecriticalprioritiesforurbanplanners.Despitethesechallenges,urbanizationalsooffersopportunitiesforinnovationandprogress.Citiesareoftencentersofentrepreneurship,culturalexchange,andtechnologicaladvancement.Thedensityoftheurbanpopulationcanfostercollaborationandthesharingofideas,leadingtodynamiceconomicgrowth.Additionally,well-plannedcitiescanoffermoreefficientuseofresources,betteraccesstoeducationandhealthcare,andimprovedqualityoflifeforresidents.Thekeytoharnessingthebenefitsofurbanizationwhilemitigatingitsnegativeimpactsliesinsustainableurbanplanning.Thisinvolvesinvestingininfrastructurethatcansupportgrowingpopulations,suchastransportationnetworks,utilities,andpublicspaces.Italsorequirespoliciesthatpromotesocialequity,protecttheenvironment,andencouragethedevelopmentofsustainableindustries.Bytakingaholisticapproachtourbandevelopment,citiescanbecomemorelivable,resilient,andprosperousforallwhoresidewithintheirboundaries.Questions:5.Whataresomeoftheprimarymotivationscitedforpeoplemigratingtocities?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconsequenceofrisinghousingpricesinurbanareas?7.Howmighttheconcentrationofpeopleincitiescontributetoenvironmentalproblems?8.Whatpotentialbenefitsdoesthepassagesuggestthatcitiescanoffer?PassageThreeTheconceptof"well-being"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyearsasamoreholisticmeasureofhumanprogressthantraditionaleconomicindicatorslikeGrossDomesticProduct(GDP).WhileGDPmeasuresthetotalvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedinaneconomy,itfailstoaccountforfactorsthatcontributetoqualityoflife,suchashealth,education,environmentalquality,andsocialconnections.Criticsarguethatanoveremphasisoneconomicgrowthhasledtoneglectofthesecrucialaspectsofhumanflourishing.Proponentsofthewell-beingapproacharguethatfocusingonabroaderrangeofindicatorscanleadtomorebalancedandsustainabledevelopment.Byincorporatingmeasuresofhealthoutcomes,educationalattainment,andenvironmentalsustainability,policymakerscangainamorecomprehensiveunderstandingofsocietalprogress.Thisshiftcanencourageinvestmentsinareasthatenhancelong-termwell-being,suchaspublichealthsystems,greenspaces,andcommunityprograms.However,measuringwell-beingaccuratelypresentssignificantchallenges.UnlikeGDP,whichisarelativelystraightforwardcalculation,well-beingencompassesawidearrayofsubjectiveandobjectivefactorsthataredifficulttoquantify.Howdoyoumeasurehappiness,socialcohesion,orpersonalresilience?Whilevariousframeworkshavebeendeveloped,suchastheUnitedNations'SustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs),thereisnouniversalconsensusonthebestwaytoassesswell-beingacrossdifferentculturesandcontexts.Despitethesechallenges,thegrowinginterestinwell-beingsuggestsashiftinperspectivetowardsamorehuman-centeredapproachtodevelopment.Associetiesbecomewealthier,thereisoftenacorrespondingdesireforimprovementsinnon-economicaspectsoflife.Peoplemayprioritizework-lifebalance,mentalhealth,andcommunityengagementovermaterialpossessions.Thistrendsuggeststhatwell-beingisnotmerelyaluxuryfortheaffluent,butafundamentalhumanneedthatshouldbeapriorityforallsocieties.Thechallengeforpolicymakers,therefore,istotranslatethewell-beingconceptintoactionablepolicies.Thisrequiresmovingbeyondabstractgoalsanddevelopingpracticalstrategiestoenhancevariousdimensionsofwell-being.Forinstance,creatingmoregreenspacesinurbanareas,promotingmentalhealthawarenessandsupportservices,andfosteringcommunityengagementcanallcontributetoahigherqualityoflife.Ultimately,awell-being-orientedapproachtodevelopmentaimstocreatesocietiesthatarenotonlyeconomicallyprosperousbutalsohealthy,equitable,andsustainable.Questions:9.WhatmainlimitationdoesthepassageidentifyinusingGDPasameasureofprogress?10.Accordingtoproponentsofthewell-beingapproach,whatmightbetheoutcomeoffocusingonabroaderrangeofindicators?11.Whatdifficultyismentionedregardingthequantificationofwell-being?12.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasakeychallengeforpolicymakersinterestedinimplementingwell-being-orientedpolicies?PassageFourTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebatesaboutitspotentialimpactonthefutureofwork.WhileAIoffersthepromiseofincreasedefficiency,automationofmundanetasks,andthecreationofnewopportunities,italsoraisesconcernsaboutjobdisplacement,wageinequality,andthepotentialdehumanizationofwork.UnderstandingthesecomplexdynamicsiscrucialassocietiesnavigatethetransitiontowardsanincreasinglyAI-driveneconomy.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIintheworkplaceistheautomationofrepetitiveandlaborioustasks.Thiscanfreeuphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreative,strategic,andinterpersonalaspectsoftheirjobs,potentiallyleadingtohigherjobsatisfactionandproductivity.AIsystemscanalsoassistindecision-makingprocessesbyanalyzingvastamountsofdataandprovidinginsightsthathumansmightmiss.Thiscouldleadtomoreinformedandeffectivemanagementpracticesacrossvariousindustries.However,theautomationoftasksalsoposesariskofjobdisplacement.Jobsthatrelyheavilyonroutinemanualorcognitivetasksareparticularlyvulnerabletoautomation.WhilenewjobsmaybecreatedinfieldsrelatedtoAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight,thetransitioncouldresultinsignificantstructuralunemployment,especiallyforworkerswithlimitedskillsoreducationalattainment.Thiscouldexacerbateexistinginequalitiesandcreatesocialandeconomicchallenges.Furthermore,theintegrationofAIintotheworkplacemayleadtochangesinskillrequirements.WorkerswillneedtoadapttonewtechnologiesanddevelopskillsthatcomplementAIsystems,suchasdataanalysis,criticalthinking,andemotionalintelligence.Thepaceofchangemaymakeitdifficultforsomeworkerstokeepup,highlightingtheneedforlifelonglearningandretrainingprograms.TomitigatethenegativeimpactsofAIontheworkforce,policymakersandbusinessesmustcollaboratetocreateatransitionframeworkthatsupportsworkers.Thiscouldinvolveinvestingineducationandtraininginitiatives,establishingsocialsafetynetsfordisplacedworkers,andpromotingethicalAIdevelopmentthatprioritizeshumanwell-being.ThegoalshouldbetoharnessthebenefitsofAIwhileensuringthatthebenefitsaresharedwidelyandthattheworkforceisequippedtothriveintheneweconomiclandscape.ThefutureofworkinanAI-driveneconomywilldependonourabilitytoadaptandshapetheintegrationofthesetechnologiesinwaysthatmaximizetheirpotentialforgoodwhileminimizingtheirrisks.Thisrequiresaconcertedeffortfromgovernments,businesses,educationalinstitutions,andindividualstoprepareforthechangesaheadandtoensurethatthebenefitsofAIaredistributedequitably.Questions:13.WhatpotentialbenefitofAIintheworkplaceismentionedthatcouldleadtohigherjobsatisfaction?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonesignificantriskassociatedwiththeautomationoftasks?15.WhatskillsdoesthepassagesuggestworkerswillneedtodeveloptocomplementAIsystems?16.WhatdoesthepassageidentifyasakeyelementincreatingatransitionframeworkthatsupportsworkersintheageofAI?PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadfourpassages,eachofwhichisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageFiveThecityofKyoto,oncethecapitalofJapan,isrenownedforitsstunningtemples,traditionalwoodenmachiyahouses,andvibrantculturalheritage.DespitetherapidmodernizationthathassweptacrossJapaninthepost-warera,Kyotohasmanagedtopreserveasignificantportionofitshistoricalcharm.Thecity'sancientstreetsarelinedwithnarrowalleys,wheretimeseemstohavestoodstill,offeringvisitorsaglimpseintothepast.AkeyfeatureofKyoto'sculturallandscapeisitsnumeroustemplesandshrines.ThecityishometomorethanathousandBuddhisttemples,eachwithitsownuniquearchitectureandhistory.Kinkaku-ji,theGoldenPavilion,withitsgold-leaf-coveredexteriorreflectinginthesurroundingpond,isoneofthemosticonicimagesofKyoto.Similarly,Ryoan-ji,famousforitsenigmaticrockgarden,showcasesthedepthofZenBuddhistphilosophythroughitsminimalistdesign.Inadditiontoitsreligioussites,Kyotoboastsarichtraditionofartsandcrafts.ThecityhaslongbeenassociatedwithtraditionalcraftssuchasKyoto-ori(atypeofsilkweaving),Kiyomizu-yaki(porcelain),andNishijin-ori(hand-woventextiles).Thesecraftshavebeenpasseddownthroughgenerations,withmanyworkshopsstilloperatinginthecitycenter,allowingvisitorstoobserveskilledartisansatwork.Thecityalsohostsnumerousfestivalsthroughouttheyear,suchasGionMatsuri,whichattractscrowdswithitselaboratefloatsandtraditionalperformances.Kyoto'sculinarysceneisanotherhighlight,offeringablendoftraditionalkaisekicuisineandmodernculinaryinnovations.Kaiseki,amulti-coursemealthatemphasizesseasonalingredientsandmeticulouspresentation,isatrueartforminKyoto.Chefsdedicateyearstomasteringthecraft,ensuringeachdishisaharmoniousblendofflavorsandaesthetics.Alongsidethesetraditionaleateries,thecityalsooffersavarietyofmodernrestaurantsandcafes,reflectingKyoto'sdynamicfoodculture.Despiteitshistoricalsignificance,Kyotoisnotimmunetothechallengesofmodernization.Thecityfacesissuessuchastourismmanagement,preservinghistoricalbuildings,andbalancingeconomicdevelopmentwithculturalpreservation.However,theKyotopeopleremaincommittedtomaintainingtheircity'suniquecharacter.Throughsustainabletourismpractices,communityefforts,andinnovativeurbanplanning,Kyotocontinuestothriveasacitythathonorsitspastwhileembracingthefuture.Questions:17.WhatisthemaincharacteristicofKyotothatishighlightedinthepassage?18.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesKinkaku-jistandoutasaniconiclandmark?19.WhatroledotraditionalcraftsplayinKyoto'sculturalidentity?20.Accordingtothepassage,whatisadefiningfeatureofKyoto'sculinaryscene?PassageSixTheconceptof"hygge"(pronounced"hoo-ga"),aDanishwordthattranslatesroughlyto"coziness"or"comfort,"hasgainedglobalpopularityinrecentyearsasaphilosophyforfindingjoyandcontentmentineverydaylife.OriginatingfromDenmark'srelativelycoldanddarkwinters,hyggeemphasizestheimportanceofcreatingawarm,inviting,andcomfortableatmospherethroughsimplepleasuresandsharedexperiences.Itismorethanjustatrend;itisaculturalapproachtolivingthatprioritizeswell-beingandconnection.Centraltothehyggephilosophyistheideaofcreatingasenseofcozinessandcomfortinone'shome.Thiscanbeachievedthroughvariousmeans,suchaslightingcandles,arrangingcomfortableseatingareas,andusingsoft,warmlighting.Thegoalistocreateaspacewhereonecanrelax,unwind,andfeelatpeace.InDenmark,hyggeisoftenassociatedwiththewintermonths,butitcanbepracticedyear-round,adaptingtothechangingseasonsandoccasions.Foodanddrinkalsoplayasignificantroleinhygge.Sharingmealswithfamilyandfriends,preparingwarmandcomfortingdishes,andenjoyingbeverageslikecoffeeormulledwineareallintegralpartsofthehyggeexperience.Thefocusisonsimple,high-qualityingredientsandtheactofsharing,ratherthanelaboratecookingordining.Hyggegatheringsofteninvolvedimlighting,softmusic,andmeaningfulconversation,creatingasenseofintimacyandconnectionamongparticipants.ThehyggemovementhasalsoinfluencedotheraspectsofDanishculture,suchaswork-lifebalanceandsocialcohesion.TheDanishpeopleareknownfortheir"hygge"workculture,whichemphasizescollaboration,flexibility,andastrongsenseofcommunity.ThisapproachhascontributedtoDenmark'shighlevelsofhappinessandwell-beingamongitscitizens.Thehyggephilosophyencouragesindividualstotaketimeforthemselves,toprioritizetheirwell-being,andtoconnectwithothersinmeaningfulways.Whilehyggehasbecomepopularworldwide,itisimportanttonotethatitismorethanjustasetofpractices;itisamindset.Itisaboutappreciatingthesimplepleasuresinlife,cherishingrelationships,andcreatingasenseofwarmthandcomfortbothindoorsandoutdoors.Byembracingthehyggephilosophy,individualscancultivateagreatersenseofjoy,contentment,andwell-beingintheirdailylives.Questions:21.WhatistheprimarymeaningoftheDanishword"hygge"asdescribedinthepassage?22.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomewaystocreateacozyatmosphereathomeinthehyggephilosophy?23.Howdofoodanddrinkcontributetothehyggeexperience?24.WhatimpacthasthehyggemovementhadonDanishworkculture?PassageSevenTheriseofrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,hasbeenoneofthemostsignificantdevelopmentsintheglobalenergylandscapeoverthepastdecade.Drivenbyconcernsoverclimatechange,risingfossilfuelprices,andadvancementsintechnology,governmentsandbusinessesareincreasinglyinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructure.Thisshiftrepresentsacriticalsteptowardsamoresustainableandresilientenergyfuture.Solarpower,inparticular,hasseenremarkablegrowth,withthecostofsolarpanelsdecliningsignificantlyinrecentyears.Thishasmadesolarenergymoreaccessibletohomeowners,businesses,andgovernmentsalike.Solarfarms,bothlarge-scaleandrooftopinstallations,arebecomingincreasinglycommon,contributingtoareductioninrelianceontraditionalenergysources.Theflexibilityandscalabilityofsolarpowermakeitanattractiveoptionforawiderangeofapplications,frompoweringremotecommunitiestointegratingintourbanbuildingdesigns.Windpowerisanotherkeyplayerintherenewableenergyrevolution.Windturbines,bothonshoreandoffshore,havebecomemoreefficientandcost-effective,makingwindenergyacompetitivealternativetofossilfuels.Offshorewindfarms,inparticular,havethepotentialtogeneratelargeamountsofelectricitywithminimalvisualimpactonland.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,thecapacityandefficiencyofwindturbinesareexpectedtoimprovefurther,expandingtheroleofwindpowerintheglobalenergymix.Despitetherapidgrowthofrenewableenergy,challengesremain.Oneofthebiggestobstaclesistheissueofenergystorage.Solarandwindpowerareintermittentsources,meaningtheyareonlygeneratedwhenthesunisshiningorthewindisblowing.Thiscreatesaneedforeffectiveenergystoragesolutions,suchasbatteries,toensureastableandreliableenergysupply.Advancesinbatterytechnologyarecrucialforovercomingthischallengeandmakingrenewableenergyatrulyviablealternativetofossilfuels.Anotherchallengeistheintegrationofrenewableenergyintoexistingpowergrids.Manyexistinggridsweredesignedforcentralized,fossilfuel-basedpowergeneration,andretrofittingthemtoaccommodaterenewableenergysourcesrequiressignificantinvestmentandinnovation.However,withtherightpoliciesandtechnologicalsolutions,thetransitiontoarenewableenergy-basedpowersystemisnotonlyfeasiblebutalsoessentialforasustainablefuture.Thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotjustanenvironmentalimperative;itisalsoaneconomicopportunity.Therenewableenergysectoriscreatingnewjobs,drivinginnovation,andfosteringeconomicgrowth.Byinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructureandtechnologies,countriescanpositionthemselvesattheforefrontoftheglobalenergyrevolution,ensuringamoresustainable,resilient,andprosperousfutureforall.Questions:25.Whathasbeenamajordriverforthegrowthofrenewableenergysourcesinrecentyears?26.Accordingtothepassage,whathascontributedtotheincreasedaccessibilityofsolarenergy?27.Whatisakeychallengeassociatedwithwindpower,andhowmightitbeaddressed?28.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedinthepassageregardingthetransitiontorenewableenergy?PassageEightTheconceptof"placeattachment"referstotheemotionalbondthatindividualsdevelopwithaspecificplace,suchastheirhome,neighborhood,orcommunity.Thisbondisnotmerelybasedonpracticalconsiderationslikelocationoramenities,butondeeperemotionalandpsychologicalconnections.Placeattachmentcanhavesignificantimplicationsforindividualwell-being,communitycohesion,andurbanplanning.Researchhasshownthatstrongplaceattachmentisassociatedwitharangeofpositiveoutcomes,includinghigherlevelsoflifesatisfaction,communityinvolvement,andsocialcapital.Whenindividualsfeelastrongconnectiontotheirplace,theyaremorelikelytoinvesttimeandenergyintheircommunity,participateinlocalactivities,andformmeaningfulrelationshipswiththeirneighbors.Thiscanleadtothedevelopmentofastrongsenseofbelongingandsocialsupport,whichareessentialforwell-being.Theformationofplaceattachmentisinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingpersonalexperiences,culturalbackground,andthephysicalcharacteristicsoftheplace.Positiveexperiences,suchasgrowingupinasafeandsupportiveneighborhoodorparticipatingincommunityevents,canstrengthenone'sconnectiontoaplace.Similarly,thephysicalenvironment,suchasthepresenceofgreenspaces,walkablestreets,anddistinctivearchitecture,cancontributetoasenseofplaceidentityandattachment.However,placeattachmentcanalsobeaffectedbynegativeexperiences,suchasdisplacement,gentrification,orenvironmentaldegradation.Whenindividualsfeelthattheirplaceisthreatenedorchanginginundesirableways,theirattachmenttoitmayweakenorevendisappear.Thiscanleadtosocialdisruption,communityfragmentation,andadeclineinoverallwell-being.Therefore,preservingandenhancingtheplacesthatpeoplevalueiscrucialformaintainingsocialcohesionandindividualwell-being.Urbanplannersandpolicymakershaveasignificantroletoplayinfosteringplaceattachmentintheircommunities.Thiscanbeachievedthroughvariousmeans,suchaspreservinghistoricallandmarks,creatingpublicspacesthatencouragesocialinteraction,andimplementingpoliciesthatpromotecommunityinvolvement.Byrecognizingtheimportanceofplaceattachmentandtakingstepstostrengthenit,citiescanbecomemorelivable,resilient,andsustainable.Theconceptofplaceattachmenthighlightstheimportanceofconsideringtheemotionalandpsychologicaldimensionsofthebuiltenvironment.Itunderscorestheideathatplacesarenotjustphysicalspaces,butspacesthatareimbuedwithmeaning,history,andhumanexperience.Byunderstandingandvaluingplaceattachment,wecancreatecommunitiesthatarenotonlyfunctionalandefficientbutalsonurturingandsupportive.Questions:29.Whatisthemainconceptdescribedinthepassageasanemotionalbondwithaspecificplace?30.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepositiveoutcomesassociatedwithstrongplaceattachment?31.Whatfactorsinfluencetheformationofplaceattachment,asmentionedinthepassage?32.Whatroledourbanplannersandpolicymakershaveinfosteringplaceattachment,accordingtothepassage?---試卷答案PartA1.A*解析思路：文章首段明確指出，雖然數(shù)字時(shí)代為知識(shí)獲取和分享帶來了機(jī)遇，但也引發(fā)了對(duì)其對(duì)傳統(tǒng)教育系統(tǒng)影響的擔(dān)憂。隨后段落詳細(xì)闡述了這些擔(dān)憂，如信息過載、難以辨別信息真?zhèn)?、表面化閱讀等。核心擔(dān)憂在于數(shù)字技術(shù)可能削弱深度學(xué)習(xí)和批判性思維能力。2.C*解析思路：文章第四段提到算法會(huì)根據(jù)用戶偏好推送內(nèi)容，創(chuàng)建“回音室”（echochambers），導(dǎo)致用戶只接觸到符合自身觀點(diǎn)的信息。第五段進(jìn)一步解釋，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致學(xué)生對(duì)復(fù)雜問題的理解停留在表面，只尋求簡(jiǎn)單易懂的敘事，缺乏對(duì)不同觀點(diǎn)的接觸和辨別，從而鞏固偏見，不利于形成全面認(rèn)識(shí)。3.D*解析思路：文章第四段明確指出，在追求數(shù)字素養(yǎng)的過程中，批判性地、負(fù)責(zé)任地使用信息的能力往往被忽視。這意味著學(xué)生在海量信息中篩選、評(píng)估和使用信息的能力，以及識(shí)別信息偏差和進(jìn)行深度思考的能力沒有得到充分培養(yǎng)。4.B*解析思路：文章第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)，將技術(shù)有效融入教育的關(guān)鍵在于以“周到、有目的的方式”進(jìn)行，使其“補(bǔ)充而非取代”核心教育原則。這意味著技術(shù)應(yīng)作為輔助工具，服務(wù)于教學(xué)目標(biāo)，特別是深度學(xué)習(xí)和批判性思維能力的培養(yǎng)，而不是讓技術(shù)本身成為教學(xué)的主要內(nèi)容。PassageTwo5.A*解析思路：文章首段提到，人們移居城市的主要原因是尋求更好的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會(huì)、教育和醫(yī)療保健。這些都是城市相對(duì)于農(nóng)村地區(qū)通常能提供的優(yōu)勢(shì)，是人口向城市流動(dòng)的根本動(dòng)力。6.B*解析思路：文章第二段指出，隨著對(duì)城市生活的需求增加，住房?jī)r(jià)格往往上漲，這使得低收入和中收入家庭難以負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房。直接后果是可能形成非正式定居點(diǎn)或貧民窟，居民無法獲得干凈的水、衛(wèi)生設(shè)施和電力等基本服務(wù)，加劇了社會(huì)不平等。7.C*解析思路：文章第三段說明，城市人口的高度集中會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成破壞。隨著消費(fèi)增加、交通排放和廢物產(chǎn)生增多，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)承受巨大壓力。例如，空氣污染對(duì)健康有害，而熱島效應(yīng)使城市比周邊鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)溫度更高。這些都是人口密集帶來的直接環(huán)境問題。8.D*解析思路：文章第四段指出，城市化也提供了創(chuàng)新和進(jìn)步的機(jī)會(huì)。城市是創(chuàng)業(yè)、文化交流和技術(shù)進(jìn)步的中心。人口密度促進(jìn)了合作和想法的分享，推動(dòng)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。此外，規(guī)劃良好的城市可以更有效地利用資源，提供更好的教育和醫(yī)療保健，從而提高居民的生活質(zhì)量。這些都是城市可能帶來的潛在益處。PassageThree9.D*解析思路：文章首段對(duì)比了GDP和幸福感指標(biāo)，指出GDP衡量的是經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出總量，但無法衡量生活質(zhì)量相關(guān)的因素，如健康、教育、環(huán)境和社會(huì)聯(lián)系等。因此，GDP作為衡量人類進(jìn)步的指標(biāo)存在主要局限，即它忽略了幸福感的重要組成部分。10.B*解析思路：文章第二段提到，支持幸福感方法的倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為，關(guān)注更廣泛的指標(biāo)可以導(dǎo)致更平衡和可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。通過納入健康結(jié)果、教育水平和環(huán)境可持續(xù)性等指標(biāo)，政策制定者可以獲得對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的更全面理解。這種轉(zhuǎn)變可以鼓勵(lì)投資于提升長(zhǎng)期幸福感的領(lǐng)域，如公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)、綠地和社區(qū)項(xiàng)目，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)更全面的進(jìn)步。11.A*解析思路：文章第三段提到，衡量幸福感準(zhǔn)確性的主要困難在于其包含廣泛的、難以量化的因素。不同于GDP的相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算，幸福感涉及主觀（如幸福感、社會(huì)凝聚力）和客觀（如個(gè)人韌性）等多個(gè)方面，這些方面都難以精確量化。如