2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解段落銜接詞理解試卷：增強(qiáng)邏輯意識(shí)考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Directions:Inthefollowingpassage,eachparagraphisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Theproliferationofsocialmediaplatformshasfundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate,consumeinformation,andperceivetheworld.Whiletheseplatformsofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforconnectionandengagement,theyalsopresentsignificantchallengestocriticalthinkinganddeepengagementwithcomplexissues.Oneofthemostinsidiouseffectsofsocialmediaisthecreationofechochambersandfilterbubbles.Thesedigitalenvironments,curatedbyalgorithmsthatprioritizeuserengagement,tendtoshowuserscontentthatreinforcestheirexistingbeliefsandvalues.Consequently,individualsareincreasinglyexposedonlytoperspectivesthatalignwiththeirown,limitingtheirexposuretodiverseviewpointsandhinderingtheirabilitytoengageinconstructivedialoguewiththosewhoholddifferentopinions.Thephenomenonofechochambersiscloselylinkedtotheriseofmisinformationanddisinformation.Asindividualsareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirpre-existingbiases,theybecomemoresusceptibletofalseormisleadingnarratives.Thisisparticularlyconcerninginthecontextofcriticalissuessuchaspublichealth,politicaldiscourse,andsocialjustice.Whenpeopleareonlyexposedtoinformationthatvalidatestheirexistingbeliefs,theyarelesslikelytocriticallyevaluatethecredibilityofsourcesorthevalidityofarguments.Thiscanleadtothespreadofharmfulmisinformation,whichcanhaveseriousreal-worldconsequences.Furthermore,theconstantbarrageofinformationandthepressuretoengageinrapid,oftensuperficialinteractionsonsocialmediaplatformscancontributetocognitivefatigueandadeclineinattentionspans.Whenindividualsareconstantlybombardedwithnotifications,updates,andmessages,theirbrainsareforcedtoconstantlyswitchbetweentasks,leadingtoastateofmentalexhaustion.Thiscanmakeitdifficulttoengageindeep,thoughtfulanalysisofcomplexissues,furtherexacerbatingthechallengesassociatedwithcriticalthinkinginthedigitalage.Theimpactofsocialmediaoncriticalthinkingisnotsolelynegative,however.Theseplatformsalsoofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforaccesstoinformationanddiverseperspectives.Whenusedeffectively,socialmediacanfacilitatethespreadofknowledge,promotecivicengagement,andempowerindividualstoconnectwithotherswhosharetheirinterestsandvalues.Thekey,therefore,liesindevelopingmedialiteracyskillsandlearninghowtocriticallyevaluatetheinformationencounteredontheseplatforms.Thisincludesunderstandingtheroleofalgorithms,recognizingbiasesinsources,andengaginginrespectfuldialoguewithindividualswhoholddifferentviewpoints.Thechallengeoffosteringcriticalthinkingintheageofsocialmediarequiresamultifacetedapproach.Educationalinstitutionshaveacrucialroletoplayinteachingstudentshowtonavigatethecomplexinformationlandscapeanddeveloptheskillsnecessaryforcriticalengagement.Thisincludesinstructiononmedialiteracy,informationliteracy,andcriticalthinkingskills.Similarly,socialmediaplatformshavearesponsibilitytodesignalgorithmsandinterfacesthatpromotethoughtfulengagementandminimizethecreationofechochambers.Thiscouldinvolveprioritizingcrediblesources,providinguserswithmoretransparencyabouthowcontentiscurated,andencouragingdiverseperspectives.Ultimately,thegoalistocreateadigitalenvironmentthatfosterscriticalthinking,creativity,andmeaningfulconnection.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostinsidiouseffectsofsocialmedia?3.Howdoechochamberscontributetothespreadofmisinformation?4.Whatiscognitivefatigueandhowisitrelatedtosocialmediause?5.Whataresomewaysthatsocialmediaplatformscanpromotecriticalthinking?6.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?7.Theword"proliferation"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:8.Theword"insidious"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Theword"susceptible"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:10.Theword"multifaceted"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:SecondPartReadingComprehensionTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedaglobalconversationaboutitspotentialbenefitsandethicalimplications.ProponentsarguethatAIhasthepowertorevolutionizenumerousindustries,fromhealthcareandtransportationtoeducationandentertainment.Theypointtoitsabilitytoanalyzevastamountsofdata,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionswithunprecedentedaccuracy.Thiscouldleadtosignificantimprovementsinmedicaldiagnosis,thedevelopmentofmoreefficienttransportationsystems,personalizedlearningexperiences,andthecreationofnewformsofartandentertainment.However,therapiddevelopmentofAIalsoraisesseriousconcernsaboutitspotentialimpactonemploymentandsocialinequality.AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglysophisticated,theyarecapableofperformingtasksthatwerepreviouslythoughttorequirehumanintelligence.Thiscouldleadtowidespreadjobdisplacement,particularlyinindustriessuchasmanufacturing,customerservice,anddataentry.Furthermore,thebenefitsofAIarelikelytobeunevenlydistributed,withthosewhohaveaccesstothesetechnologiesreapingthemajorityoftherewards,whileothersareleftbehind.AnothermajorconcernisthepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes.AsAIsystemsbecomemorepowerful,theycouldbeexploitedbymaliciousactorstodevelopautonomousweaponssystems,engageinsophisticatedcyberattacks,orspreadmisinformationonalargescale.ThedevelopmentofAI-poweredweapons,inparticular,raisesseriousethicalconcernsaboutthepotentialforunintendedconsequencesandthedehumanizationofwarfare.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialforAItobeusedtomanipulatepublicopinionorsuppressdissent.Despitetheseconcerns,thereisagrowingconsensusthatAIdevelopmentmustbeguidedbyethicalprinciplesandregulations.NumerousorganizationsandgovernmentsareworkingtodevelopframeworksforresponsibleAIdevelopment,focusingonissuessuchastransparency,accountability,fairness,andprivacy.ThegoalistoensurethatAIisdevelopedandusedinawaythatbenefitshumanityasawholeandminimizespotentialharms.ThedevelopmentofAIalsoraisesimportantquestionsaboutthefutureofhumanintelligence.AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglycapableofperformingtasksthatwerepreviouslythoughttorequirehumanintelligence,somehaveraisedconcernsaboutthepotentialforhumanintelligencetobecomeobsolete.OthersarguethatAIwillcomplementhumanintelligence,ratherthanreplaceit,byfreeinguphumanstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplextasks.TherelationshipbetweenhumanintelligenceandAIisstillevolving,anditisunclearwhatthelong-termimplicationswillbe.ThefutureofAIwilldependonthechoiceswemaketoday.Itisessentialthatweengageinathoughtfulandinclusiveconversationaboutthedevelopmentanduseofthesepowerfultechnologies.ByworkingtogethertoaddresstheethicalchallengesandpotentialrisksassociatedwithAI,wecanensurethatthesetechnologiesareusedforthebenefitofhumanityasawhole.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialbenefitsofAI?13.HowmightthedevelopmentofAIimpactemployment?14.WhataresomepotentialmalicioususesofAI?15.WhataresomekeyethicalprinciplesthatshouldguideAIdevelopment?16.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?17.Theword"advancement"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:18.Theword"sophisticated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.Theword"malicious"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:20.Theword"complement"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:ThirdPartReadingComprehensionTheconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,asgrowingawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandsocialinequalityhasledtoagrowingdemandformoreresponsiblebusinesspractices.Sustainabilityreferstotheabilitytomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisconceptrecognizesthateconomic,social,andenvironmentalfactorsareinterconnectedandthatbusinessesmustconsidertheimpactoftheiroperationsonallthreepillarsofsustainability.Traditionalbusinessmodelshaveoftenprioritizedprofitmaximizationaboveallelse,leadingtonegativeconsequencesfortheenvironmentandsociety.However,thereisagrowingmovementtowardsmoresustainablebusinesspractices,drivenbyavarietyoffactors.Theseincludeincreasingconsumerdemandforenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts,pressurefrominvestorsandadvocacygroups,andtherecognitionthatsustainablepracticescanleadtolong-termbusinesssuccess.Companiesthatfailtoadapttothesechangingexpectationsmayfindthemselvesatacompetitivedisadvantage.Therearenumerousexamplesofcompaniesthathavesuccessfullyimplementedsustainablepractices.Thesecompanieshavedemonstratedthatitispossibletobalanceeconomic,social,andenvironmentalconsiderationswhilestillachievingfinancialsuccess.Forexample,companiesthathaveadoptedrenewableenergysources,reducedtheircarbonfootprint,andimplementedwastereductionprogramshavenotonlycontributedtoenvironmentalprotectionbuthavealsooftenseenimprovementsintheirbottomline.Thesesuccessstoriesdemonstratethatsustainabilityandprofitabilityarenotmutuallyexclusive.Despitethegrowingmomentumtowardssustainability,therearestillsignificantchallengestoovercome.Onemajorchallengeisthelackofastandardizeddefinitionofsustainability,whichcanmakeitdifficulttocomparethesustainabilityperformanceofdifferentcompanies.Anotherchallengeistheshort-termfocusofmanybusinesses,whichcanmakeitdifficulttoinvestinsustainablepracticesthatmaynotyieldimmediatefinancialreturns.Additionally,thereisoftenalackofawarenessamongconsumersabouttheenvironmentalandsocialimpactoftheirpurchasingdecisions.Thetransitiontoamoresustainablefuturerequiresacollaborativeeffortfrombusinesses,governments,andconsumers.Businessesneedtoadoptsustainablepracticesanddevelopproductsandservicesthatmeettheneedsofachangingworld.Governmentsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatencouragesustainablepracticesandaddresstherootcausesofenvironmentaldegradationandsocialinequality.Consumersneedtobecomemoreawareoftheirpurchasingdecisionsandsupportcompaniesthatarecommittedtosustainability.Thefutureofsustainabilityispromising,butitrequiresaconcertedeffortfromallstakeholders.Byworkingtogethertoaddressthechallengesandopportunitiesassociatedwithsustainability,wecancreateamoreequitableandsustainablefutureforall.Questions:21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?22.Whataresomefactorsthathavedriventhemovementtowardsmoresustainablebusinesspractices?23.Whataresomeexamplesofsuccessfulsustainablepractices?24.Whataresomechallengestoovercomeinthetransitiontoamoresustainablefuture?25.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?26.Theword"traction"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:27.Theword"interconnected"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:28.Theword"mutuallyexclusive"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:29.Theword"concerted"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:30.Theword"equitable"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.B解析：文章首段提出社交媒體的普及改變了我們的交流方式，隨后段落分別探討了其帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響（回聲室、錯(cuò)誤信息、認(rèn)知疲勞）和積極面（獲取信息、多元視角），并強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)媒介素養(yǎng)的重要性。因此，文章主旨是探討社交媒體對(duì)批判性思維的影響及其雙面性，選項(xiàng)B（社交媒體對(duì)批判性思維的復(fù)雜影響）最能概括全文。2.A解析：文章第二段明確指出，社交媒體最危險(xiǎn)的影響是創(chuàng)造回聲室和過(guò)濾氣泡，因?yàn)檫@些環(huán)境會(huì)優(yōu)先展示符合用戶觀點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，導(dǎo)致個(gè)體視野受限，難以進(jìn)行建設(shè)性對(duì)話。選項(xiàng)A（創(chuàng)造回聲室和過(guò)濾氣泡）最符合原文描述。3.C解析：根據(jù)第二段，回聲室通過(guò)只展示符合用戶偏見(jiàn)的觀點(diǎn)，使得個(gè)體更容易接受錯(cuò)誤或誤導(dǎo)性信息。這是因?yàn)橛脩粼谛畔⒗O房中，缺乏接觸不同觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比和質(zhì)疑的機(jī)會(huì)，從而降低了他們對(duì)信息來(lái)源可靠性和論點(diǎn)有效性的批判性評(píng)估能力，導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播。選項(xiàng)C（限制了接觸不同觀點(diǎn)，導(dǎo)致更容易接受錯(cuò)誤信息）準(zhǔn)確概括了原文邏輯。4.D解析：文章第三段提到，社交媒體上信息的大量涌入和快速、表面的互動(dòng)壓力，會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知疲勞。這段進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)，大腦需要在不斷切換的任務(wù)間切換，導(dǎo)致精神疲憊，從而難以進(jìn)行深入、復(fù)雜的分析。選項(xiàng)D（因不斷切換任務(wù)而導(dǎo)致的精神疲憊）是對(duì)認(rèn)知疲勞及其與社交媒體使用關(guān)系的最準(zhǔn)確描述。5.B解析：文章第五段提到，社交媒體平臺(tái)可以通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)算法和界面來(lái)促進(jìn)深思熟慮的參與，并減少回聲室的形成。具體措施包括優(yōu)先考慮可信來(lái)源、向用戶展示內(nèi)容篩選方式、鼓勵(lì)多元觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B（通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)算法和界面鼓勵(lì)多元觀點(diǎn)和深思熟慮的參與）概括了原文提出的平臺(tái)層面的解決方案。6.E解析：通觀全文，作者首先指出社交媒體對(duì)批判性思維的負(fù)面影響（回聲室、錯(cuò)誤信息、認(rèn)知疲勞），然后提到其正面潛力（獲取信息、多元視角），最后強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)媒介素養(yǎng)、平臺(tái)責(zé)任和教育機(jī)構(gòu)在促進(jìn)批判性思維中的重要性。作者的核心目的是全面分析社交媒體對(duì)批判性思維的影響，并強(qiáng)調(diào)克服負(fù)面影響、發(fā)揮正面作用的必要性。選項(xiàng)E（分析社交媒體對(duì)批判性思維的影響并強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)對(duì)策略）最能體現(xiàn)作者意圖。7.C解析：第一段提到“Theproliferationofsocialmediaplatforms”（社交媒體平臺(tái)的激增或擴(kuò)散）。根據(jù)上下文，這里指社交媒體平臺(tái)數(shù)量和影響力的迅速增加。選項(xiàng)C（增長(zhǎng)，增加）與“proliferation”的意思最接近。8.A解析：第二段提到“oneofthemostinsidiouseffects”（最陰險(xiǎn)的影響）。根據(jù)上下文，回聲室和過(guò)濾氣泡的影響是暗中、不易察覺(jué)但又非常有害的。選項(xiàng)A（陰險(xiǎn)的，狡詐的）與“insidious”的意思最接近。9.F解析：第三段提到“individualsareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbiases,theybecomemoresusceptibletofalseormisleadingnarratives”。根據(jù)上下文，當(dāng)人們主要接觸到證實(shí)其既有偏見(jiàn)的信息時(shí)，他們變得更容易受到錯(cuò)誤或誤導(dǎo)性敘述的影響。選項(xiàng)F（易受影響的，易感的）與“susceptible”的意思最接近。10.H解析：第五段提到“thechallengeoffosteringcriticalthinkingintheageofsocialmediarequiresamultifacetedapproach”。根據(jù)上下文，培養(yǎng)社交媒體時(shí)代的批判性思維需要多方面的方法或策略。選項(xiàng)H（多方面的，復(fù)合的）與“multifaceted”的意思最接近。SecondPartReadingComprehension11.G解析：文章首段對(duì)比了AI的支持者（認(rèn)為其能帶來(lái)革命性變化）和反對(duì)者（擔(dān)心其影響就業(yè)和倫理）的觀點(diǎn)，隨后段落進(jìn)一步探討了AI的惡意使用和倫理規(guī)范問(wèn)題，最后討論了AI與人類智能的關(guān)系。文章旨在全面呈現(xiàn)人工智能發(fā)展帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)G（全面探討人工智能發(fā)展的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)）最能概括主旨。12.A解析：文章第一段提到AI的支持者認(rèn)為其能“revolutionizenumerousindustries,fromhealthcareandtransportationtoeducationandentertainment”，并能夠“analyzevastamountsofdata,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionswithunprecedentedaccuracy”，這可以歸納為AI在醫(yī)療診斷、交通、教育、娛樂(lè)等領(lǐng)域通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)分析提升效率和準(zhǔn)確性的潛在益處。選項(xiàng)A（在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)分析提升效率和準(zhǔn)確性）概括了原文提到的部分主要益處。13.B解析：文章第二段指出，AI的日益復(fù)雜可能導(dǎo)致“widespreadjobdisplacement,particularlyinindustriessuchasmanufacturing,customerservice,anddataentry”，即大量工作崗位被取代，特別是制造業(yè)、客服和數(shù)據(jù)錄入等領(lǐng)域。選項(xiàng)B（導(dǎo)致大量工作崗位被AI取代）準(zhǔn)確反映了原文的觀點(diǎn)。14.E解析：文章第三段明確提到了AI可能被用于“maliciouspurposes”，并列舉了“autonomousweaponssystems,engageinsophisticatedcyberattacks,orspreadmisinformationonalargescale”作為例子，這些都可以被視為AI的惡意使用。選項(xiàng)E（有害的，惡意的）與“malicious”的意思最接近。15.D解析：文章第四段明確指出，AI的發(fā)展需要遵循“ethicalprinciplesandregulations”，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了“transparency,accountability,fairness,andprivacy”等關(guān)鍵倫理原則。選項(xiàng)D（透明、問(wèn)責(zé)、公平和隱私）概括了原文提到的應(yīng)指導(dǎo)AI發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵倫理原則。16.I解析：通觀全文，作者首先介紹了AI的潛在益處和反對(duì)意見(jiàn)，接著討論了其惡意使用和倫理挑戰(zhàn)，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)了制定倫理規(guī)范和考慮人機(jī)關(guān)系的重要性。作者的核心目的是引導(dǎo)讀者全面認(rèn)識(shí)AI發(fā)展中的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題，并強(qiáng)調(diào)需要審慎應(yīng)對(duì)其帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)I（引導(dǎo)讀者全面認(rèn)識(shí)AI發(fā)展的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題并強(qiáng)調(diào)審慎應(yīng)對(duì)）最能體現(xiàn)作者意圖。17.A解析：第一段提到“therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence”。根據(jù)上下文，這里指人工智能的快速發(fā)展或進(jìn)步。選項(xiàng)A（發(fā)展，進(jìn)步）與“advancement”的意思最接近。18.F解析：第二段提到，“AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglysophisticated”。根據(jù)上下文，這里指AI系統(tǒng)變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜或精密。選項(xiàng)F（復(fù)雜的，精致的）與“sophisticated”的意思最接近。19.J解析：第三段提到，“potentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes”。根據(jù)上下文，這里指AI可能被用于有害的或惡意的目的。選項(xiàng)J（有害的，惡意的）與“malicious”的意思最接近。20.L解析：第四段提到，“AIwillcomplementhumanintelligence,ratherthanreplaceit”。根據(jù)上下文，這里指AI將補(bǔ)充或輔助人類智能，而不是取代它。選項(xiàng)L（補(bǔ)充，輔助）與“complement”的意思最接近。ThirdPartReadingComprehension21.M解析：文章首段定義了可持續(xù)發(fā)展，并指出其認(rèn)識(shí)到經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境因素的相互聯(lián)系，隨后段落討論了傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)模式的問(wèn)題、可持續(xù)商業(yè)實(shí)踐的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素和成功案例，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)了面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和多方協(xié)作的必要性。文章主旨是探討可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念、重要性、實(shí)踐挑戰(zhàn)及未來(lái)前景。選項(xiàng)M（探討可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念、實(shí)踐及挑戰(zhàn)）最能概括全文。22.N解析：文章第二段明確列出了推動(dòng)可持續(xù)商業(yè)實(shí)踐的因素，包括“increasingconsumerdemandforenv