山東省青島市膠州市部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期6月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AApplyingforSummerAcademyApplicationProcessSummerAcademyisopentohighschoolstudents.Studentsmustbe15yearsoldbythefirstdayoftheirterm.AllstudentsapplyingtoSummerAcademyforthefirsttimearerequiredtocompleteanonlineapplication.Ouronlineapplicationcanbecompletedinafewbasicsteps.●Filloutbasicinformation●Completeashortanswerquestion●Paya$50applicationfee●Submit(提交)mostrecentschoolreportcard●ReportcardsmustbeinEnglishanddonotneedtobeofficialApplicationTimelineAllapplicationsarecarefullyreviewedbyouradmissionscommittee.Ourgoalistoacceptasmanyqualifiedstudentsaspossible.Weencouragestudentstosubmittheirapplicationsassoonaspossibletoincreasetheirchancesofbeingaccepted.ApplicationsforSummerAcademy2025willopenonOctober21.Tuition&FeesResidentialProgramStudentsliveindorm-likefacilitiesinthecenterofthecity.Tuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),RoomandBoard$6,990MaterialsFee*$275TotalCostofAttendance$7,265DayProgramStudentscommute(通勤)tocampusanddonotreceiveroomandboard.TuitionandDailyLunchonClassDays$5,660MaterialsFee*$275TotalCostofAttendance$5,935*MaterialsFeecoversactivities,equipment,andotherinstructionalmaterials.ScholarshipsTheSchoolofTheNewYorkTimesiscommittedtomakingitsprogramsaccessibletostudentsfromallbackgrounds.OurScholarshipProgramaimstoimprovetheavailability,access,andequalityoflearningopportunitiesbyprovidingscholarshipsbasedonfinancialneed.Tobeconsidered,studentsmustsubmitacompletedprogramapplication,followedbyascholarshipapplication.Scholarshipsarelimitedandpaidonafirst-applied,first-awardedbasisuntilallfundshavebeenexhausted.1.Whataretheapplicantsrequiredtodo?A.ToapplybeforeOctober21. B.Tofinishaseriesofquestions.C.Toprovideproofoffamilyincome. D.TopresentalatestacademicrecordinEnglish.2.Howmuchwillbesavedifaccommodationisnotneeded?A.$275. B.$1330. C.$1605. D.$1055.3.Whoismorelikelytoobtainthescholarshipwithfinancialneed?A.Astudentawardedmultipletimes. B.Astudentapplyingforthefirsttime.C.Astudentwithoutstandingperformance. D.Astudentsubmittingapplicationsearlier.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了紐約時(shí)報(bào)學(xué)校暑期學(xué)院的申請(qǐng)流程、申請(qǐng)時(shí)間線、學(xué)費(fèi)與費(fèi)用以及獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApplicationProcess部分中“Submit(提交)mostrecentschoolreportcard(提交最近的學(xué)校成績(jī)單。)”以及“ReportcardsmustbeinEnglishanddonotneedtobeofficial(成績(jī)單必須為英文，且不需要是官方的。)”可知，申請(qǐng)者需要提交一份最新的用英語書寫的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)記錄，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ResidentialProgram(住宿項(xiàng)目)中“TotalCostofAttendance$7,265(總費(fèi)用為7,265美元)”和DayProgram(走讀項(xiàng)目)中“TotalCostofAttendance$5,935(總費(fèi)用為5,935美元)”可知，若不需要住宿，能節(jié)省的費(fèi)用為7265-5935=1330美元，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scholarships(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)部分中“Scholarshipsarelimitedandpaidonafirst-applied,first-awardedbasisuntilallfundshavebeenexhausted(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金有限，按先申請(qǐng)先得的原則發(fā)放，直到所有資金用盡為止。)”可知，基于經(jīng)濟(jì)需求，更早提交申請(qǐng)的學(xué)生更有可能獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，故選D項(xiàng)。BOneofChina’sfirstfemalesea-rescuepilotslooksbackinprideat300-plusmissionsandpromisestosavemorelives.Whentheperfectstormbrews(醞釀)overtheboundlessseaandlivesareindanger,acrewofhighlytrainedprofessionalsembarksonamissionimpossibletosearchforandrescuesurvivorsfromtheroughwaters.WanQiuwenisoneofthem.And,she’sawoman.The36-year-oldfromShanghaihasbrokentheglassceilingtobecomeoneofChina’sfirsttwofemalerescuehelicopterpilotswhorespondtosearchandrescuemissionsinvolvingcargoshipsnags(貨船遇險(xiǎn)),vesselaccidents,medicalemergenciesandspecialmarineoperations.Thedemandingnatureoftheprofessionhadalwaysfavoredmalecandidatesuntiltheruleswerechangedforthefirstandonlytime.Shesays,“Rescueatseacanbebothchallengingandterrifying.Ifyoudon’tthinkandactfast,peoplemaydie.”O(jiān)nAug20,2020,anoiltankerferrying3,000metrictonsofgasolinecollidedwithacargoshiploadedwithsandandgravelabout1.5nauticalmiles(2,778meters)southeastoftheYangtzeRiverestuary,sparkingafireonthedeckoftheoiltankerandcausingthelattertosink.Wanwasamongthefirstrespondents.SheflewtothesitefromGaodonghelicopterairport,whichisthecountry’sfirst-of-its-kindmarinerescuelaunchpad(發(fā)射臺(tái)).“Thetankerwasstillburningandtherewasathickenvelopeofsmoke,reducingvisibilitytonearzero.”sherecalls.Andyet,withherseawisdom,Wanspottedasurvivorandexecutedasuccessfulrescueoperation.Shehoveredabovethetroubledwatersforacoupleofminutestoestimatethebestextractionpoint,andthenthrewdownaropeandpulledupaseriouslyinjuredcrewmember.Now,amotherofaboy,whenpeopleaskherifshewillcontinuetoflyonceherchildgrowsup,Wan’sresponseisaffirmative.“ThisprofessionisaboutsavinglivesandIamarescuepilot,onceandalways.”4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brokentheglassceiling”probablymean?A.Winningwidepraise. B.Makingapersonalbreakthrough.C.Disobeyingrulesofhercareer. D.Breakingbarrierspreventingwomen’sadvancement.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeWanQiuwen?A.Courageousandcreative. B.Professionalanddetermined.C.Conservativeandhardworking. D.Responsibleandself-disciplined.6.WhatcanbelearnedfromtheaccidenthappeningonAugust20,2020?A.ItisvisibleforWantoseeclearlythesitefromthesky.B.Boththeoiltankerandthecargoshipsankaftercollision.C.Duringtherescue,Wanthrewdownaropewithouthesitation.D.BeforetakingrescueactionWanmadeajudgementonthesituation.7.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonmorepeopletobeasea-rescuepilot.B.Toinformtherisksofbecomingasea-rescuepilot.C.Tointroduceanexceptionalwomansea-rescuepilot.D.Toeducatepeoplethemeaningofbreakingthroughgenderprejudice.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中國首批女性海上救援直升機(jī)飛行員之一萬秋雯，她突破性別障礙，執(zhí)行300多起救援任務(wù)，承諾拯救更多生命的故事?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thedemandingnatureoftheprofessionhadalwaysfavoredmalecandidatesuntiltheruleswerechangedforthefirstandonlytime.(這一職業(yè)的高要求性質(zhì)歷來偏向于男性候選人，直到規(guī)則首次也是唯一一次改變)”可知，劃線部分指的是萬秋雯成為首批女性海上救援直升機(jī)飛行員之一的事跡，意味著她突破了阻礙女性晉升的障礙，故劃線部分與D選項(xiàng)“打破阻礙女性晉升的障礙”意思相近。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Andyet,withherseawisdom,Wanspottedasurvivorandexecutedasuccessfulrescueoperation.Shehoveredabovethetroubledwatersforacoupleofminutestoestimatethebestextractionpoint,andthenthrewdownaropeandpulledupaseriouslyinjuredcrewmember.(然而，憑借她的海上智慧，萬秋雯發(fā)現(xiàn)了幸存者并執(zhí)行了一次成功的救援行動(dòng)。她在波濤洶涌的海面上盤旋了幾分鐘，以估測(cè)最佳的營救位置，隨后投下繩索，救起了一名重傷的船員)”可知，萬秋雯是專業(yè)的，根據(jù)第四段“Now,amotherofaboy,whenpeopleaskherifshewillcontinuetoflyonceherchildgrowsup,Wan’sresponseisaffirmative.“ThisprofessionisaboutsavinglivesandIamarescuepilot,onceandalways.”(現(xiàn)在，作為一名男孩的母親，當(dāng)人們問她孩子長大后是否會(huì)繼續(xù)飛行時(shí)，萬秋雯的回答是肯定的?！斑@個(gè)職業(yè)關(guān)乎拯救生命，我是一名救援飛行員，從前是，永遠(yuǎn)都是?！?”可知，萬秋雯具有堅(jiān)定的決心。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shehoveredabovethetroubledwatersforacoupleofminutestoestimatethebestextractionpoint,andthenthrewdownaropeandpulledupaseriouslyinjuredcrewmember.(她在波濤洶涌的海面上盤旋了幾分鐘，以估測(cè)最佳的營救位置，隨后投下繩索，救起了一名重傷的船員)”可知，在進(jìn)行營救行動(dòng)之前，萬秋雯對(duì)情況進(jìn)行了判斷。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及第二段中“The36-year-oldfromShanghaihasbrokentheglassceilingtobecomeoneofChina’sfirsttwofemalerescuehelicopterpilotswhorespondtosearchandrescuemissionsinvolvingcargoshipsnags(貨船遇險(xiǎn)),vesselaccidents,medicalemergenciesandspecialmarineoperations.(這位來自上海的36歲女性打破了性別障礙，成為了中國首批兩位參與貨船遇險(xiǎn)、船只事故、醫(yī)療緊急情況及特殊海上作業(yè)搜救任務(wù)的女性救援直升機(jī)飛行員之一)”可知，文章主要講述了萬秋雯作為中國首批女性海上救援直升機(jī)飛行員之一的卓越事跡和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，突出了她的勇氣、專業(yè)和對(duì)職業(yè)的承諾。因此，文章的主要目的是介紹這位杰出的女性海上救援飛行員。故選C。CA25-year-oldwomanwithtype1diabetes(糖尿病)startedproducingherowninsulin(胰島素)lessthanthreemonthsafterreceivingatransplantofreprogrammedstemcells.Sheisthefirstpersonwiththediseasetobetreatedusingcellsfromherownbody.“Icaneatsugarnow,”saidthewoman,wholivesinTianjin,onacallwithNature.Ithasbeenmorethanayearsincethetransplant,and,shesays,“Ienjoyeatingeverything—especiallyhotpot.”JamesShapiro,atransplantdoctorandresearcherattheUniversityofAlbertainEdmonton,Canada,saystheresultsoftheoperationareastonishing.“They’vegreatlyimprovedthehealthofthepatient,whowasrequiringsubstantialamountsofinsulinbeforehand.”Thestudy,publishedinCelltoday,followsresultsfromaseparategroupinShanghai,China,whoreportedinAprilthattheyhadsuccessfullytransplantedinsulin-producingislets(胰島)intoa59-year-oldmanwithtype2diabetes.Theisletswerealsoobtainedfromreprogrammedstemcellstakenfromtheman’sownbodyandhehassincestoppedtakinginsulin.Thestudiesareamongahandfulofpioneeringtrialsusingstemcellstotreatdiabetes,whichaffectsclosetohalfabillionpeopleworldwide.Mostofthemhavetype2diabetes,inwhichthebodydoesn’tproduceenoughinsulinoritsabilitytousethehormonedecreases.Intype1diabetes,theimmunesystemattacksisletcellsinthepancreas(胰腺).Islettransplantscantreatthedisease,buttherearen’tenoughdonorstomeetthegrowingdemand,andreceiversmustuseanti-rejectionmedicinestopreventthebodyfromrejectingthedonortissue.Stemcellscanbeusedtogrowanytissueinthebodyandcanbeculturedindefinitelyinthelaboratory,whichmeanstheypotentiallyofferalimitlesssourceofpancreatictissue.Byusingtissuemadefromaperson’sowncells,researchersalsohopetoavoidtheneedforanti-rejectionmedicines.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetransplantfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswidelyadopted. B.Ithasbetteredthewoman’scondition.C.Itimprovesthefunctionofinsulin. D.Ithaschangedthewoman’seatingpreferences.9.Whatisthewritingpurposeofparagraph4?A.Toshowthepotentialdangersofdiabetes. B.Toanalyzetheimpactofstemcellstransplant.C.Tostressthenecessityofstemcellstransplant. D.Tocomparethesymptomsoftwotypesofdiabetes.10.Whydoestheauthormention“donors”and“receivers”inparagraph5?A.Topredicttheeffectofdiabetestreatment. B.Toexplainthedrawbacksofislettransplants.C.Topresentpeople’sattitudetoislettransplants. D.Toconcludeanewmethodofdiabetestreatment.11.Whyarethestemcellstakenfromthepatient’sownbody?A.Tomaketheprocesseasy. B.Torelievethepatient’spain.C.Tosavethepatient’smoney. D.Topreventtransplantrejection.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)使用重編程干細(xì)胞治療1型糖尿病的研究，以及這種治療方法的潛在優(yōu)勢(shì)和挑戰(zhàn)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Icaneatsugarnow,”saidthewoman,wholivesinTianjin,onacallwithNature.(“我現(xiàn)在可以吃糖了，”這位居住在天津的女士在接受《自然》（Nature）雜志的電話采訪時(shí)說道。)”和文章第二段““They’vegreatlyimprovedthehealthofthepatient,whowasrequiringsubstantialamountsofinsulinbeforehand.”(病人的健康狀況大大改善，之前她需要大量胰島素。)”可知，移植手術(shù)改善了這位女士的病情。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thestudiesareamongahandfulofpioneeringtrialsusingstemcellstotreatdiabetes,whichaffectsclosetohalfabillionpeopleworldwide.Mostofthemhavetype2diabetes,inwhichthebodydoesn’tproduceenoughinsulinoritsabilitytousethehormonedecreases.Intype1diabetes,theimmunesystemattacksisletcellsinthepancreas(胰腺).(這些研究是少數(shù)使用干細(xì)胞治療糖尿病的開創(chuàng)性試驗(yàn)之一，糖尿病在全球影響著近5億人。其中大多數(shù)患有2型糖尿病，即身體無法產(chǎn)生足夠的胰島素或利用胰島素的能力下降。而在1型糖尿病中，免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)攻擊胰腺中的胰島細(xì)胞。)”可知，第四段的寫作目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)干細(xì)胞移植的必要性。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Islettransplantscantreatthedisease,buttherearen’tenoughdonorstomeetthegrowingdemand,andreceiversmustuseanti-rejectionmedicinestopreventthebodyfromrejectingthedonortissue.(胰島移植可以治療這種疾病，但供體不足以滿足日益增長的需求，受體必須使用抗排斥藥物來防止身體排斥供體組織。)”可知，作者提到“供體”和“受體”是為了解釋胰島移植的缺點(diǎn)，即供體不足和受體必須使用抗排斥藥物。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Byusingtissuemadefromaperson’sowncells,researchersalsohopetoavoidtheneedforanti-rejectionmedicines.(通過使用由患者自身細(xì)胞制成的組織，研究人員希望避免使用抗排斥藥物)”可知，干細(xì)胞是從病人自己的體內(nèi)取出是為了防止移植排斥。故選D。DPushedbytherapidpaceoftoday’sfashionindustry,it’snowondermanyclothesbuyersfindthemselveswitha“closet(衣櫥)ofregrets”.Alltheclothesthatdon’tgetworncanhangheavyonaconsumer’sminduntilfinallythrownaway.Thetroubleis,“There’sno‘a(chǎn)way’foryourclothes,”saysMaxineBédat,authorofa2021book,Unraveled:TheLifeandDeathofaGarment,andanactivisttryingtochangetheindustry’swastefulways.Afewstatisticstellthestory.Fashionisresponsibleforabout10%ofthecarbonemissions(排放物)thataretippingourplanettowardclimatedisaster.Itproduces20%ofallindustrialwaterpollution.Anditcreatesunimaginablequantitiesofrubbish,withaboutagarbagetruckofclothesburntorburiedinalandfilleverysecond.Althoughsomecompanieshavevoluntarilytriedtominimizetheirenvironmentalandsocialimpact,littleprogresshasbeenmade.So,abillknownastheNewYorkFashionActwasintroduced.Itwouldhelpconsumersbetterunderstandtheimpactoftheirpurchasesandrequireeverylargemultinationalfashionnameoperatinginthestatetomaptheirglobalsupplychains,disclosetheirenvironmentalandsocialimpacts,andsettargetstocutemissions.Failuretomeetthetargetscouldbringa2%fineonannualturnover.However,thebillispro-business,arguesMs.Bédat,whoworkedwiththebill’sco-sponsorstocraftthemeasure,becauseitwouldleveltheplayingfieldforcompaniestooperateatthesameenvironmentalstandards.Ms.Bédatislookingbeyondthe“more”offashiontohowpeoplevaluetheirclothes.Herbookcloseswithavisionofafuturewhen“wewillloveourclothesbecausewehaveseizedcontrolofourownattentionandremovedthenoiseinourinboxesandonoursocialmediachannelsthathadtakenourattentionfromourtrueneedsanddesires.Andweboughtthemnottofillotherholesinourlives,butfromanawareandinformedmindset.”Thatcouldbejustenoughtoclearoutanyone’s“closetofregrets.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“story”inparagraph2referto?A.Regretsleftbyover-consumption, B.Worriesgeneratedbyabandoningclothes.C.Anxietyproducedbyfallingbehindthetrend. D.Problemscausedbythefast-pacedfashionindustry,13.WhatdoestheNewYorkFashionActaimtoachieve?A.Boostsalesforfashioncompanies.B.Regulateglobalfashionsupplychains,C.Raiseenvironmentalawarenessofbuyersandproducers.D.LimittheexpansionofthefashioncompaniesinNewYork.14.WhatdoesBédatthinkofthebilltothefashioncompanies?A.Fair. B.Costly. C.Complex. D.Demanding.15.Howcanthe“closetofregrets”bereducedaccordingtoBédat?A.Followtrendsandbuymoreclothes. B.Valueneedsandmakewisepurchases.C.Planbudgetsandshopeco-consciously. D.Stressfunctionalityandcutdownonbuying.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了快速發(fā)展的時(shí)尚業(yè)帶來的問題以及消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)可采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Pushedbytherapidpaceoftoday’sfashionindustry,it’snowondermanyclothesbuyersfindthemselveswitha“closet(衣櫥)ofregrets”(在當(dāng)今時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)飛速發(fā)展的推動(dòng)下，難怪很多消費(fèi)者會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有了一個(gè)“遺憾的衣櫥”)可知，快節(jié)奏的時(shí)尚業(yè)帶來的各種問題。結(jié)合第二段中提供的一些數(shù)據(jù)，從而推知，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)說明了這一點(diǎn)。所以“story”指的是快節(jié)奏的時(shí)尚業(yè)帶來的各種問題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Itwouldhelpconsumersbetterunderstandtheimpactoftheirpurchasesandrequireeverylargemultinationalfashionnameoperatinginthestatetomaptheirglobalsupplychains,disclosetheirenvironmentalandsocialimpacts,andsettargetstocutemissions.”(這將幫助消費(fèi)者更好地了解他們的購買行為所產(chǎn)生的影響，并要求在該州運(yùn)營的所有大型跨國時(shí)尚品牌繪制全球供應(yīng)鏈圖，披露其環(huán)境和社會(huì)影響，并設(shè)定減排目標(biāo)。)可知，《紐約時(shí)尚業(yè)法令》的目的是為了提高企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者的環(huán)保意識(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“However,thebillispro-business,arguesMs.Bédat,whoworkedwiththebill’sco-sponsorstocraftthemeasure,becauseitwouldleveltheplayingfieldforcompaniestooperateatthesameenvironmentalstandards.”(然而，貝達(dá)特女士認(rèn)為，這項(xiàng)法案對(duì)企業(yè)有利，因?yàn)樵摲ò笇⑹蛊髽I(yè)在相同的環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。貝達(dá)特女士曾與法案的共同提案人合作起草了這項(xiàng)措施。)可知，貝達(dá)特女士認(rèn)為法案對(duì)時(shí)尚公司來說是公平的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Herbookcloseswithavisionofafuturewhen‘wewillloveourclothesbecausewehaveseizedcontrolofourownattentionandremovedthenoiseinourinboxesandonoursocialmediachannelsthathadtakenourattentionfromourtrueneedsanddesires.Andweboughtthemnottofillotherholesinourlives,butfromanawareandinformedmindset.’”(她的書以一個(gè)未來的愿景結(jié)束：“我們會(huì)愛上我們的衣服，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)控制了自己的注意力，消除了收件箱和社交媒體渠道上的噪音，這些噪音把我們的注意力從真正的需求和欲望上轉(zhuǎn)移開。我們買衣服不是為了填補(bǔ)我們生活中的其他漏洞，而是出于一種有意識(shí)和知情的心態(tài)。”)可知，只要我們購買衣物時(shí)是有意識(shí)的知情的狀態(tài)下做出的明智的選擇而不是受外界的影響，我們就不會(huì)后悔，就會(huì)愛上自己的衣物。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nowadays,intheageofround-the-clockentertainment,it’smoredifficulttobebored.Iftheshowyou’rewatchinghaslostitsappeal,youcanamuseyourselfbysurfingthesocialmediawithoutevenleavingthesofa.____16____Feelingboreddoeshaveitsbenefits.____17____Ifyoudecidethere’snothingworthwatchingonTV,youmightchoosetoswitchoffandmakeyourownentertainmentbytakingupanewhobby.Thiscanexplainwhythelockdownsofthepasttwoyearssawasharpriseincreativityamongpeoplestuckathome.And,despitewhatparentsandteachersmayhavetoldyouwhenyouwereyoung,daydreamingisgoodforyou.Infact,ifyoufinditdifficulttokeepyourmindfocusedduringboringmeetingsortasks,itcouldbearesultofyourimpressivebraincapacity.____18____Putsimply,somepeopleseembetterequippedtofocusonmorethanonethingatatime.Still,whydaydreamatthebusstopwhenyoucansurfyourphonelikeeveryoneelse?____19____Butthat’snotall:overtime,itreducesyourboredomtolerance(忍耐)levelsandmeansyoubecomelessabletothinkcreativelyandmerelynoticewhat’sgoingonaroundyou.Ultimately,ifwetakeitforgrantedthattherewillalwaysbesomethingcloseathandtoentertainus,westarttolosetheabilitytothinkcreatively.Westopcomingupwithnewideasandwe’relessmotivatedtofindwaystodosomethinglessboringinstead.____20____A.Butthat’snotnecessarilyagoodthing.B.Whisperit:weruntheriskofbecomingboringourselves.C.Keepingbusyisjustwhatyouneedtogenerateyourbestideas.D.Remember:we’reallmakingeveryefforttofollowourdreams.E.Beingboredmotivatesyoutosearchoutsomethinglessboringtodo.F.Frequentdaydreamersscoredhigheronintellectualandcreativeability.G.Spendingeverysparemomentonthescreencanharmfullyaffectyourwellbeing.【答案】16.A17.E18.F19.G20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無聊感及其益處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’smoredifficulttobebored(現(xiàn)在很難覺得無聊)”和“youcanamuseyourselfbysurfingthesocialmediawithoutevenleavingthesofa(你甚至不用離開沙發(fā)就可以在社交媒體上消遣自己)”和下文“Feelingboreddoeshaveitsbenefits(感到無聊確實(shí)有其好處)”可知，上文提到了人們無聊時(shí)會(huì)做的一些消遣，下文提到感到無聊有好處，空處和上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出為了讓自己不無聊一直消遣自己并不一定是好事。所以選項(xiàng)A“但那不一定是一件好事”符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】空處是段落首句，起到承上啟下的作用。根據(jù)下文“Ifyoudecidethere’snothingworthwatchingonTV,youmightchoosetoswitchoffandmakeyourownentertainmentbytakingupanewhobby.(如果你決定電視上沒有什么值得看的，你可能會(huì)選擇關(guān)掉電視，通過培養(yǎng)一個(gè)新愛好來自己娛樂自己。)”可知，下文舉例說明無聊會(huì)促使人們進(jìn)步，所以選項(xiàng)E“無聊促使你去尋找一些不那么無聊的事情來做”符合語境，并且“Beingboredmotivatesyou”中的“beingbored”與上文提到的“Feelingbored”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“ifyoufinditdifficulttokeepyourmindfocusedduringboringmeetingsortasks,itcouldbearesultofyourimpressivebraincapacity.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)在無聊的會(huì)議或任務(wù)中很難集中注意力，那可能是因?yàn)槟泱@人的大腦容量。)”和下文“Putsimply,somepeopleseembetterequippedtofocusonmorethanonethingatatime.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，有些人似乎更擅長同時(shí)關(guān)注多件事情。)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明什么樣的人腦容量大，有創(chuàng)造力，所以選項(xiàng)F“經(jīng)常做白日夢(mèng)的人在智力和創(chuàng)造力方面得分更高”符合語境。故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Still,whydaydreamatthebusstopwhenyoucansurfyourphonelikeeveryoneelse.(然而，當(dāng)你可以像其他人一樣在手機(jī)上沖浪時(shí)，為什么還要在公共汽車站做白日夢(mèng)呢。)”和下文“Butthat’snotall:overtime,itreducesyourboredomtolerancelevelsandmeansyoubecomelessabletothinkcreativelyandmerelynoticewhat’sgoingonaroundyou.(但這還不是全部：隨著時(shí)間的推移，它會(huì)降低你對(duì)無聊的容忍度，這意味著你變得不那么有創(chuàng)意，只能注意到周圍發(fā)生的事情。)”可推測(cè)出空處是在說明在手機(jī)上沖浪的壞處，所以選項(xiàng)G“把每一個(gè)空閑的時(shí)刻都花在屏幕上會(huì)對(duì)你的健康產(chǎn)生有害影響”符合語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】空處是段落尾句，起到總結(jié)上文的作用。根據(jù)上文“Ultimately,ifwetakeitforgrantedthattherewillalwaysbesomethingcloseathandtoentertainus,westarttolosetheabilitytothinkcreatively.Westopcomingupwithnewideasandwe’relessmotivatedtofindwaystodosomethinglessboringinstead.(最終，如果我們理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為身邊總會(huì)有東西來娛樂我們，我們就會(huì)開始失去創(chuàng)造性思考的能力。我們不再想出新的想法，也不太有動(dòng)力去尋找不那么無聊的事情來做。)”可知，如果我們總是被娛樂，我們就會(huì)失去創(chuàng)造性思考的能力，由此可推測(cè)出空處是在總結(jié)說我們會(huì)變得無聊，所以選項(xiàng)B“小聲告訴你：我們面臨著讓自己變得無聊的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”符合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Onesummerdayin2009,MeganAthertonwasdrivingtoherhometownofPittsburgh.Shehadbeendrivenoutofthe____21____foroverduerent.Andthentomakethings____22____,aboutanhourintothedrive,Atherton’scarbrokedownandhercellphonewasoutof____23____.Unabletocallforhelp,Athertonwas____24____bythesideoftheroad.Eventually,policearrivedandhelpedhersendhercartoanearbygarage(修車廠).The____25____wasworsethanimagined:Hercarwouldneedmajorrepairs—repairsthatshedidn’thavemoneyto____26____.AsAthertonwas____27____aboutwhattodonext,awomaninthewaitingroom____28____her.SheofferedtotakeAthertontoPittsburgh.Theonly____29____wasthathercathadsickness,soshecouldn’tleavejustthen.Shehadtogohomeandgiveitthe_____30_____neededinthenight.Thewoman,whointroducedherselfas“Toni”,broughtAthertonbacktoherhouseand_____31_____Athertonforthenight.AndtheninthemorningshedroveAthertonallthewaytoPittsburgh.Oncetheyarrivedinthecity,Athertonwasabletofindahomelessshelterandbegin_____32_____herlife.SheneversawToniagain,butthinksofheroften.“It’snot_____33_____thatIthankedherenough.Itwasaveryhardtimeinmylife,andI_____34_____don’tknowwhatwouldhavehappenedifshehadn’tgonesofaraboveandbeyondforacomplete_____35_____,”Athertonsaid.21.A.hospital B.restaurant C.apartment D.company22.A.worse B.better C.funnier D.clearer23.A.reach B.place C.control D.power24.A.hidden B.lost C.stuck D.delayed25.A.threat B.treatment C.symbol D.estimation26.A.study B.order C.cover D.fund27.A.annoyed B.anxious C.disappointed D.curious28.A.approached B.consulted C.reminded D.observed29.A.excuse B.reason C.purpose D.warning30.A.money B.light C.medicine D.clothing31.A.turneddown B.putup C.dealtwith D.calmeddown32.A.imagining B.rebuilding C.enjoying D.recalling33.A.possible B.necessary C.normal D.common34.A.sadly B.nervously C.accurately D.honestly35.A.failure B.stranger C.beginner D.onlooker【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.C31.B32.B33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MeganAtherton在2009年夏天因拖欠房租被趕出公寓后，遭遇汽車拋錨和手機(jī)沒電的困境，最終得到一位陌生女子Toni的幫助，得以返回家鄉(xiāng)Pittsburgh的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她因?yàn)橥锨纷饨鸲悔s出了公寓。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.restaurant餐廳；C.apartment公寓；D.company公司；根據(jù)文中“Shehadbeendrivenoutofthe...foroverduerent.”可知，Atherton因?yàn)橥锨纷饨鸨悔s出的地方應(yīng)該是可以居住的場(chǎng)所，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后使事情變得更糟的是，開車大約一個(gè)小時(shí)后，Atherton的車拋錨了，她的手機(jī)也沒電了。A.worse更糟的；B.better更好的；C.funnier更有趣的；D.clearer更清晰的；根據(jù)文中“aboutanhourintothedrive,Atherton’scarbrokedownandhercellphonewasoutof...”可知，車子拋錨和手機(jī)沒電都是不好的情況，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“更糟糕的是”含義的表達(dá)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.reach到達(dá)；B.place地方；C.control控制；D.power電力；根據(jù)下文“Unabletocallforhelp”可知下文說的是不能打電話求助，可推理出手機(jī)無法使用是因?yàn)闆]電了，故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無法打電話求助，Atherton被困在路邊。A.hidden隱藏的；B.lost迷失的；C.stuck困住的；D.delayed延遲的；根據(jù)下文“bythesideoftheroad”可知下文提到了在路邊，可推理出Atherton因?yàn)檐囎訏佸^而無法移動(dòng)，故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：估計(jì)的情況比想象的還要糟糕：她的車需要大修——而她沒有錢支付修理費(fèi)。A.threat威脅；B.treatment治療；C.symbol象征；D.estimation估計(jì)；根據(jù)下文“Hercarwouldneedmajorrepairs”可知下文提到了車子需要大修，可知這里指的是對(duì)車子損壞程度的估計(jì)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；B.order命令；C.cover覆蓋；支付；D.fund資助；根據(jù)上文“Hercarwouldneedmajorrepairs—repairsthatshedidn’thavemoneyto”可知上文提到了車子需要大修，還提到了她沒有足夠的錢，可推理出Atherton沒有足夠的錢來支付修理費(fèi)用，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Atherton正在焦慮下一步該怎么辦時(shí)，等候室里的一位女士向她走來。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.disappointed失望的；D.curious好奇的；根據(jù)上文“Hercarwouldneedmajorrepairs—repairsthatshedidn’thavemoneyto”可知上文提到了車子需要大修，還提到了她沒有足夠的錢，可推理出Atherton在為下一步該怎么辦感到焦慮，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.approached接近；B.consulted咨詢；C.reminded提醒；D.observed觀察；根據(jù)下文“SheofferedtotakeAthertontoPittsburgh”可知下文提到了女士主動(dòng)提出帶她去匹茲堡，可推理出這位女士是走向Atherton并提供幫助，故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：唯一的理由是她的貓生病了，所以她不能馬上離開。A.excuse借口；B.reason理由；C.purpose目的；D.warning警告；根據(jù)下文“hercathadsickness”可知下文提到了她的貓生病，可推理出這里指的是一種警示，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不回家給貓所需的藥物。A.money金錢；B.light光線；C.medicine藥物；D.clothing衣物；根據(jù)上文“hercathadsickness”可知上文提到了她的貓生病，可推理出此處說的是貓生病需要的藥物，故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這位自稱為“Toni”的女士把Atherton帶回了家，并讓她住了一晚。A.turneddown拒絕；B.putup提供住宿；C.dealtwith處理；D.calmeddown冷靜下來；根據(jù)文中“forthenight”可知下文提到了夜晚，可推理出Toni讓Atherton在她家住了一晚，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她們到達(dá)城市，Atherton找到了一個(gè)收容所并開始重建生活。A.imagining想象；B.rebuilding重建；C.enjoying享受；D.recalling回憶；根據(jù)上文“Oncetheyarrivedinthecity,Athertonwasabletofindahomelessshelter”可知上文提到了當(dāng)她們到達(dá)城市，Atherton找到了一個(gè)收容所，可推理出Atherton開始重建她的生活，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說：“我不可能足夠感謝她。”A.possible可能的；B.necessary必要的；C.normal正常的；D.common常見的；根據(jù)下文“thankedherenough.”可知下文說的是足夠地感謝她，可推理出此處說的是Atherton認(rèn)為她再感謝Toni都不夠，故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：誠實(shí)地說，我不知道如果沒有她為一個(gè)完全陌生的人做了那么多，會(huì)發(fā)生什么。A.sadly悲傷地；B.nervously緊張地；C.accurately準(zhǔn)確地；D.honestly誠實(shí)地；根據(jù)下文“don’tknowwhatwouldhavehappenedifshehadn’tgonesofaraboveandbeyondforacomplete”可知下文說的是Atherton不知道如果沒有她為一個(gè)完全陌生的人做了那么多，會(huì)發(fā)生什么，可推理出Atherton誠實(shí)地表達(dá)了她的想法，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.failure失敗者；B.stranger陌生人；C.beginner初學(xué)者；D.onlooker旁觀者；根據(jù)上文“awomaninthewaitingroom”以及“acomplete...”可知上文提到了等候室的婦女，還提到了完全的……，可推理出Toni對(duì)于Atherton來說是一個(gè)完全的陌生人，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，如有括號(hào)提示，請(qǐng)以提示詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)將答案的完整形式寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。TheChineseGardenofFriendshipwasbuiltasabeautifulsymboloffriendship____36____SydneyintheStateofNewSouthWalesandGuangzhouintheprovinceofGuangdong,China(sistercitiesofsisterstates),tomarkAustralia’sbicentenary(二百周年紀(jì)念)in1988.Thegarden___37___(design)andbuiltbyChineselandscapearchitectsandgardeners,___38___(follow)theTaoistprinciplesof“Yin-Yang”andthefiveoppositeelements—earth,fire,water,metalandwood.Theseprinciplesalsostressthe____39____(important)ofQi,thecentralforceoflifeandenergy.Yin-Yang____40____(play)suchavitalrolethatjustonemissingelementwoulddisruptthegarden’sharmonyandbalance.However,when____41____(combine)perfectly,thefiveelementsformafluidandnurturingenvironment.Everythingyouencounterinthegardenhasbeenhand-pickedand