被動語態(tài)PassiveVoice目錄CONTENTS定義與結構什么時候要使用被動語態(tài)？如何將主動句改為被動句？不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)及舉例被動語態(tài)的疑問句與答句主動表被動、特殊結構短語動詞變被動、常用句型英語中時態(tài)很多，但語態(tài)不多，只有兩種，即:________和________。主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)ActiveVoice主動語態(tài)：主語是動作的發(fā)出者——“把”字句。TheEmperorslappedHuanhuan.皇上把嬛嬛打了！PassiveVoice被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者—“被”字句。HuanhuanwasslappedbytheEmperor!嬛嬛被皇上打了！

定義：嬛嬛被翠果打了！嬛嬛被皇上推了！嬛嬛被皇上打了！HuanhuanwasslappedbyCuiguo!HuanhuanwasslappedbytheEmperor!HuanhuanwaspushedbytheEmperor!主語（接受動作者）be動詞+過去分詞（by+執(zhí)行動作者）被動語態(tài)由“___________________”構成。無論是什么時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，這兩個元素都缺一不可。助動詞be有人稱、時態(tài)和數的變化。be動詞+及物動詞的過去分詞

被動語態(tài)的構成：

什么時候要使用被動語態(tài)？1、不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要。例如:Mywalletwasstolen.(我的錢包被偷了。)Themeetingiscancelled.(這場會議被取消了。)2、需要強調動作的對象時。例如:Calculatorcan'tbeusedinthemathsexam.(計算器不能用于數學考試。)Jackhasbeenfired.(杰克已經被解雇了。)3、希望讓語氣較為客氣時，被動語態(tài)的口氣會比主動語態(tài)委婉，例如:主動語態(tài)：Werejectedyourrequest.被動語態(tài)：Yourrequesthasbeenrejected.

如何將主動句改為被動句？例主動句：TheEmperorpushedHuanhuan.被動句：HuanhuanwaspushedbytheEmperor!步驟：123將主動句中的賓語改為主語動詞改為被動語態(tài)將主動句中的主語，放在介詞by之后，并接在被動語態(tài)后主語謂語賓語

不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)1.一般現在時2.一般過去時3.一般將來時4.現在進行時5.過去進行時6.現在完成時7.過去完成時8.過去將來時9.情態(tài)動詞do/doesam/is/are+donedidwas/were+donewilldowillbedoneam/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdonewas/weredoingwas/werebeingdonehave/hasdonehave/hasbeendonehaddonehadbeendonewoulddowouldbedone情態(tài)動詞+do情態(tài)動詞+bedone

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例1、一般現在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+動詞的過去分詞Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.2、一般過去式的被動語態(tài):was/were+動詞的過去分詞Tomboughtanewbikeyesterday.AnewbikewasboughtbyTomyesterday.

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài):(1)will/shall+be+動詞的過去分詞

(2)am/is/are+goingtobe+動詞的過去分詞Theywillbuildanewhospitalnextyear.Anewhospitalwillbebuiltbythemnextyear.例句：Yourwatchisgoingtobemendedinanhour.

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例4、現在進行時的被動語態(tài):am/is/are+being+動詞的過去分詞Theworkersarepaintingthehouse.Thehouseisbeingpaintedbytheworkers.5、過去進行時的被動語態(tài):was/were+being+動詞的過去分詞Shewasmakingacakeat8:00lastnight.Acakewasbeingmadebyherat8:00lastnight.

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例6、現在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/has+been+動詞的過去分詞Hehasfinishedhishomework.Hishomeworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.7、過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：had+been+動詞的過去分詞Theyhadbuilttwobridgesbefore2010.Twobridgeshadbeenbuiltbythembefore2010.

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例8、過去將來時的被動語態(tài):(1)would/should+be+動詞的過去分詞

(2)was/weretgoingtobe+動詞的過去分詞Hesaidhewouldgivemeabook.Hesaidabookwouldbegiventomebyhim.例句：Hethoughtthatyourwatchwasgoingtobemendedafteranhour.9、含情態(tài)動詞的被動式：can/may/must+be+done例：Imustbepaidforthis.Houseworkshouldbedoneeveryday.Wecanusethecomputer.Thecomputercanbeusedbyus.

各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例

用下列動詞的正確形式填空Theletters_____________(send)bythepostmanalready.Aconcert__________(hold)inthistheaterlastweek.Theclassroom__________(sweep)bythestudentseverymorning.Thecake_____________(make)now.Studentsshould_______________(encourage)toreadmorebooks.Thisbridge_________(build)in2005.Thenewplay______________(puton)nextmonth.Youngpeople________often_________(advise)toplanfortheirfuture.havebeensentwasheldissweptisbeingmadebeencouragedwasbuiltwillbeputonareadvised

被動語態(tài)的疑問句與答句①被動語態(tài)的句型中含有be動詞，因此只要把be動詞移到句首，就是疑問句了！例Theboyswerepunishedbytheirfather.疑問句Weretheboyspunishedbytheirfather?be動詞移到句首

被動語態(tài)的疑問句與答句答句肯定詳答肯定簡答否定詳答否定簡答Yes,theywerepunishedbytheirfather.Yes,theywere.對，他們被罰了。No,theyweren’tpunishedbytheirfather.No,theyweren’t.不，他們沒有。

被動語態(tài)的疑問句與答句②有助動詞的被動語態(tài)，則是將be動詞留在原處，并把助動詞移到句首作為疑問句。例Theoldbikeshavebeenrepairedbyus.疑問句Havetheoldbikesbeenrepairedbyyou?助動詞移到句首be動詞留在原處

被動語態(tài)的疑問句與答句答句肯定詳答肯定簡答否定詳答否定簡答Yes,ithasbeenvacuumed.Yes,ithas.對，吸過了。No,ithasn’tbeenvacuumedyet.No,ithasn’t.不，還沒。

疑問句變被動Whobrokethecup?Who_______________________?WhatcanwedotoimproveourEnglish?What________________________________?打草稿：thecupwasbrokenbywhomwasthecupbrokenby變成陳述句：wecandowhattoimproveourEnglish打草稿：whatcanbedonetoimproveourEnglishcanbedonetoimproveourEnglish

主動表被動1.feel，look，sound，smell，taste，remain,keep,seem,appear,prove等系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，主動形式表達被動含義。2.不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，主動形式表達被動含義。3.在短語want/need/requiredoingsth.中賓語可

用v.-ing主動形式表達被動含義。4.beworthdoing值得...,用主動表示被動。

主動表被動這些菜嘗起來很美味。

這個主意聽起來很有趣。1.feel，look，sound，smell，taste，remain,keep,seem,appear,prove等系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，主動形式表達被動含義。Thedishestastesodelicious.

Theideasounds

interesting.

Theknifecutswell.

主動表被動英語中有很多動詞，如read,write,wash,sell,wear,clean,dry,open,close,lock,cut,drive,cook,messure,weigh等動詞來描述主語特性,與well,easily,perfectly等副詞連用時，常用它的主動形式表達被動含義，主語通常是物。2.不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，主動形式表達被動含義。

這把刀切東西很鋒利。

這首詩讀起來朗朗上口。

這種大米容易煮熟。Thepoemreadswell.Theknifecutswell.Thiskindofricecookseasily.Tips：主動語態(tài)表被動，強調的是主語的特征。而被動語態(tài)則強調外界作用造成的影響。比較:

Thiscarwon'tstart.

（這輛車發(fā)動不起來。說明汽車自身存在故障）

Thisoldtelevisionwasdroppedandbrokenbythemover.

（這臺舊電視機被搬運工摔碎了。指出是搬運工的行為致使電視機損壞）

Thispenwritesveryfast.

（這支筆書寫很流暢，強調筆本身的特性）

Thispenwaswrittenwithyesterday.

（這支筆昨天被用來寫字了，強調筆被使用這個動作是外界施加的）Tips：3.在短語want/need/requiredoingsth.中賓語可

用v.-ing主動形式表達被動含義。want/need/requiredoingsth.=want/require/needtobedone...需要被做①Thegardenwantsweeding.(tobeweeded)花園需要除草了。②Thebrokenbikeinthecornerneedsrepairing.(toberepaired)角落里那輛壞了的自行車需要修理。③Thisroomrequirespainting.(tobepainted)這個房間需要粉刷了。

主動表被動這部電影值得看兩遍。

這個地方值得去參觀。4.beworthdoing值得...,用主動表示被動。Themovieiswotrhseeingtwice.

Theplaceisworthvisiting.

被動語態(tài)的特殊結構makesb.dosth.=sb.bemadetodosth.seesb.dosth.=sb.beseentodosth.主動語態(tài)：Theloudnoisemadethebabycry.

（巨大的噪音讓嬰兒哭了起來。）被動語態(tài)：Thebabywasmadetocrybytheloudnoise.主動語態(tài)：Isawalittlegirlpickflowersinthegarden.

（我看見一個小女孩在花園里摘花。）被動語態(tài)：Alittlegirlwasseentopickflowersinthegardenbyme.1.在使役動詞have,make,let以及感官動詞see,watch,hear,feelnotice等后面不定式做賓語補足語時，主動語態(tài)中的不定時to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時要還原to。主動原形，被動toPractice主動原形，被動to1)Ioftenhearhimplaythepianothenextroom.Heisoften_____________thepianointhenextroom.2)Theteachermademehandintheworkafterclass.Iwas_______________intheworkafterclass.3)Mothermademewashmyclothesyesterday.I_______________myclothesyesterday.heardtoplaymadetohandwasmade

towash2.雙賓語的被動語態(tài)：當賓語是雙賓語的時候,變被動語態(tài)可以有兩種,如果直接賓語提前,則間接賓語前要補充介詞“to”“for”。（一般來說，物是直接賓語，人是間接賓語。）主動語態(tài)：他們授給他(賓語)一枚獎章(賓語).

Theygavehimamedalforhiswonderfulwork

被動語態(tài)：他(賓語)被授予一枚獎章.

Hewasgivenamedalforhiswonderfulwork.

被動語態(tài)：一枚獎章(賓語)被授給了他.

Amedalwasgiventohimforhiswonderfulwork.間（人）在前，正常變

直（物）在前，to/for填

被動語態(tài)的特殊結構Practice1)Iboughtmymotherflowerslastweek.→Mymother_______________flowersbymelastweek.→Flowers________________mymotherbymelastweek.2)Parentsoftengivemeluckymoneyduringfestivals.→I____often______luckymoneyduringfestivals.→Luckymoney____often________meduringfestivals.wasboughtwereboughtforamgivenisgivento①像“buy”（買）這類動詞，在主動句中常見結構是“buysb.sth.”或“buysth.forsb.”。變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，當直接賓語（物）作主語，間接賓語（人）前用for。②“give”（給）這類動詞，主動句結構“givesb.sth.”或“givesth.tosb.”。變被動語態(tài)，直接賓語（物）作主語時，間接賓語（人）前用to。短語動詞變被動當原來的謂語動詞是不及物動詞+介詞構成的謂語時,變被動語態(tài)的時候,介詞不能省.短語動詞寫完整1)MrSmithlooksaftertheflowersverywell.Theflowers________________verywell.2)Wemustspeaktotheoldpolitely.Theoldmust______________politely.3)Shetookgoodcareofthebaby.Thebabywas_________________.arelookedafterbespokentotakengoodcareof據說…英語中常用到的被動語態(tài)的句型It’ssaidthat+句子.=Peoplesaythat+句子.1)據說我們學校今年成績不錯。________thatourschoolhasgotgoodresultsthisyear.2)據報道說…____________that….3)眾所周之…____________that…4)人們相信…____________that…5)人們認為..._____________that...It'ssaidIt'sreportedIt'sknownIt'sbelievedIt'sthought被動語態(tài)練習一．被動語態(tài)填空1．Thelibrary_______(build)tenyearsagoandhasservedthestudentseversince.2．Theresultsoftheexperiment_______________(announce)tomorrow.

3．Thiskindofcloth_______(wash)well.lt'sverypopularamongcustomers.4．The

injuredman__________(carry)tothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.5．Theoldcitywalls__________(protect)carefullyasthey

arepartofourhistory.6．Theimportantmeeting________________(hold)inthehallwhenlgotthere.7．Thenovellborrowedfromthelibrary___________(return)

bytheendofthisweek.8．Thewindow____________(break)byaballjustnow.Thenaughtyboyranaway.9．English___________(speak)inmanycountriesasanofficiallanguage10．Theproject______________(finish)

withintwomonthsaccordingtotheplan.wasbuiltwillbeannouncedwasheswascarriedareprotectedwasbeingheldwill/mustbereturnedwasbrokenisspokenwillbefinished11．Thenewproduct______________(advertise)onTVeveryday.lt'sbecomingwell-known.12．Thehouse_______________(paint)whenwevisitedit.Sowecouldn'tgoinside.13．Theletter_________________(send)already.Youshouldhavereceivedit.14．Thesong_________________(compose)byafamousmusician.lthasabeautifultune.15．Thecomputer_______________(use)bymysistertodoherhomeworkeverynight.16．Thestory___________(tell)tothechildrenoverandoveragain.Theyloveit.17．Theparty______________(organize)bythestudentslastweek.18．Thecake________________(bake)intheoven

forhalfanhour.ltsmellsgood.19．Theexercisebooks__________(collect)bytheteacher

afterclass.20．Thespeech______________(give)bythepresidentyesterday.isadvertisedwasbeingpaintedhasbeensentwascomposedisuesdhasbeentoldwasorganizedhasbeenbakedwillbecollectedwasgiven21．Thedog________(feed)twiceaday.lt'salwaysenergetic.22．Theplan________________(discuss)thoroughlyatthemeeting.Manygoodideascameup.23．Theproblem______________(solve)stepbystep.Wearemakingprogress.24．Thedocuments_________________(print)aswespeak.Pleasewaitamoment.25．Theplay______________(puton)inthetheaternextmonth.26．Themessage_______________(receive)afewminutesago.27．Thebuilding___________(design)byafamousarchitect.ltlooksveryunique.28．Theinvitations______________(sendout)lastweek.Manypeoplehavereplied.29．Thereport________________(write)carefully.ltneedstobeaccurate.30．Thepackage________________(deliver)tomorrowafternoon.Makesuresomeoneisathome.isfedwasdiscussedisbeingsolvedarebeingpaintedwillbeputonwasreceivedwasdesignedweresentoutmust/shouldbewrittenwillbedelivered31．Thebike____________(steal)lastnight.lhavetobuyanewone.32．Thefence_________________(mend)rightnow.ltwillbestronger.33．Theradio_________________(turnoff)whenllefttheroom.34．Thetable__________(set)fordinner.Theplatesandcutlerylooknice.35．Thefire__________(putout)quicklybythefirefighters.Theyareverybrave.36．Themovie__________(show)inthecinemalastweek.ltwasverypopular.37．Theclothes____________(wash)bymymother.Sheisalwaysbusywithhousework.38．Thecar______________(repair)atthemoment.lhopeitcanbefixedsoon.39．Thebook________________(publish)nextyear.Theauthorisveryexcited.40．Thetest_____________(conduct)inaquietenvironment.itensuresfairness.wasstolenisbeingmendedwasturnedoffissetis/wasputoutwasshowedarewashedisbeingrepairedwillbepublishedisconducted2、把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)1.Parentsshouldallowthestudentstochoosetheirclothes.__________________________________________________________2.Aten-year-oldpupilinventedthisrobot.__________________________________________________________3.Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?__________________________________________________________4.Iboughtthebikelastyear.__________________________________________________________5.Theygavethechildrenmanygoodbooks.__________________________________________________________Thestudentsshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirclothes(byparents).Thisrobotwasinvitedbyaten-year-oldpupil.

Wherewerevegetablesgrown(bythem)?Thebikewasbought(byme)lastyear.Thechildrenweregivenmanybooks（bythem)./Manybooksweregiventothechildren(bythem).三．同義句轉換1.Myauntin