CommonTermsandforMeasurementandControlSystem1101編制本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的目的是為在自控系統(tǒng)及儀表的應(yīng)用和工程設(shè)計(jì)中統(tǒng)一基本1.0.223章過(guò)程控制術(shù)語(yǔ)4章工業(yè)自動(dòng)化儀表術(shù)語(yǔ)56章自控設(shè)計(jì)術(shù)語(yǔ)1.0.3GBT17212 JBT8218 JBT9268 IEC902 CONTROLTERMSANDDEFINITIONS》 220.1（可測(cè)的）(measurable)2.0.2203（測(cè)量）unitofmeasurement20.4（測(cè)量）systemofunits(ofmeasurement為給定量制建立的一組單位。例如：國(guó)際單位制(SICGS205（量）value(ofaquantity用一個(gè)數(shù)和一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)臏y(cè)量單位表示的量。例如：5.3m12kg；-40℃。2.0.6真值truevalue注：122.0.7conventionaltrue2.0.82.0.9static2010dynamic2.0.11被測(cè)量measurand,measuredquantity2012measuredvariable。2.0.13input2.0.14output2015measured2,0.16influence2.0.17信號(hào)2.0.18測(cè)量信號(hào)measurement 2.0.19模擬信號(hào)analoguesignal2.0.20digital2.0.21standardized例如：4mA~20mA(d.c.)20kPa~2.0.22inPut2.0.23output2024quantifiedsignal2.0.25binary20.26resultofa2027（測(cè)量?jī)x表的）indication(ofameasuringinstrument2.0.28accuracyof被測(cè)量的測(cè)量結(jié)果與（約定）2029repeatabilityof20.30error2.0.31absolute測(cè)量結(jié)果減去被測(cè)量的（約定）20.32相對(duì)誤差relative絕對(duì)誤差除以被測(cè)量的（約定）20.33random2034systematic2.0.35修正值2.0.36correction20.37arithmeticnn2035performance20.39referenceperformance2.0.402041measuring20.42measuringrangelower20.43measuringrangehigher2.0.44量程給定范圍上下限值之間的代數(shù)差。例如：范圍為﹣20℃至100℃時(shí)，量程為1202.0.452.0.46標(biāo)度范圍scale2047linear2.0.48nonlinear20.49zeroofameasuring2050instrument120.51characteristic2.0.522.0.532.0.54calibration2.0.552.0.56測(cè)量結(jié)果與被測(cè)量（約定）2057accuracy20.58intrinsic2.0.59校準(zhǔn)曲線接近規(guī)定特性曲線（直線、對(duì)數(shù)曲線、拋物線等）20.60conformity2.0.61線性度2062linearity2063dead2.0.64穩(wěn)定性2.0.65可靠性2.0.66漂移2.0.67點(diǎn)漂point2.0.68零點(diǎn)漂移zero2.0.69重復(fù)性20.70為重復(fù)性誤差repeatability2.0.71量程誤差span2.0.72量程遷移（偏移）spanshift2.0.73零點(diǎn)誤差zeroerror2.0.74零點(diǎn)遷移（偏移）zero2.0.75示值誤差errorof儀表的示值減去被測(cè)量的（約定）2.0.76引用誤差fiducial2077平均故障間隔時(shí)間meantimebetweenfalluresMTBF2078平均修復(fù)時(shí)間meantimetorepairMTTR2.0.792.0.80故障2.0.81功能2.0.82采樣20.83采樣（速）率sampling2084sampling2.0.85掃描20.86掃描速率scan20.87時(shí)滯dead2.0.88time2.0.89阻尼20.90周期阻尼periodicdamping,2.0.91非周期阻尼aperiodicdamping,2.0.92阻尼因數(shù)darmping2.0.93噪聲2.0.94輸入阻抗input2.0.95輸出阻抗output2.0.96負(fù)載阻抗load330.1控制30.2過(guò)程控制process303自動(dòng)控制automation30.4手動(dòng)控制manual3.0.5監(jiān)視30.6監(jiān)控30.7回路3.0.8控制層次control309控制算法controlalgorithm3.0.10控制系統(tǒng)controlsystem3011自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)automaticcontrol3.0.12主控系統(tǒng)controlling3.0.13被控系統(tǒng)controlled30.14實(shí)時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)real-timecontrol3.0.15控制回路control30.16主回路master30.17副回路slave3.0.18實(shí)際值actual3.0.19預(yù)期值desired3.0,20設(shè)定點(diǎn)set3.0.21被控變量controlled3022操縱（變）量manipulated3023參比變量reference注：123.0.24參比信號(hào)reference3025feedback3.0.26偏差信號(hào)error3.0.27擾動(dòng)30.28（元件或系統(tǒng)的）作用方式typeofaction(ofanelementorSystem3.0.29正作用direct3.0.30反作用reverse3.0.31比例作用proportionalactionP-作用P-action3032積分作用integralactionI-作用I-action3033微分作用derivativeactionD-作用D-action3.0.34復(fù)合作用composite兩種或多種連續(xù)作用相加的組合（例如PI、PD、PID作用等3035連續(xù)作用continuous3.0.36位式作用step3.0.37兩位作用two-step3038通斷作用on-off3.0.39多位作用multi-stepaction30.40開(kāi)環(huán)控制open-loop30.41閉環(huán)控制closedloop反饋控制feedback30.42定值控制controlwithfixedset-30.43隨動(dòng)控制follow-up30.44前饋控制feedforward30.45串級(jí)控制cascade30.46分程控制split-ranging信號(hào)幅值順序控制signalamplitudesequencing30.47（流量）比值控制flowratio30.48選擇性控制selectivecontrol,override30.49順序控制sequential30.50批量控制batch3051（自）適應(yīng)控制adaptive3052最優(yōu)控制optimal3053遙控remote30.54采樣控制sampling30.55先進(jìn)過(guò)程控制advancedprocesscontrol（APC44.0.1工業(yè)自動(dòng)化儀表(industrial)processmearementandcontrolinstrument4.0.240.3（測(cè)量）傳感器(measuring)4.0.4變送器40.5計(jì)（表）meter,注：計(jì)（表）4.0.64.0.7408multi-point4.0.9trend40.10totalizing4011computing4.0.12（反饋）控制器(feedback4.0.13signal4014自動(dòng)/automaticmanualstationAMstation4015manualstationremotemanual4.0.16報(bào)警單元alarm4.0.17pilotmonitor4018bimetallic4019bimetallic4020filledthermal1．液體（I類2．與其蒸汽平衡的液體（II類3．氣體（III類40.214.0.22sheathed4023resistance40.24thermometer4,0.25pressure4,0.26bourdonpressure4,0.27diaphragm4.0.28pressure4.0.29pressure4.0.30pressureswitch4.0.31pressure4.0.32同時(shí)指示被測(cè)流量和（或）4033throttlingdevicedifferentialpressure0.34orificeplate4.0.35流量噴嘴flow4036文丘里管Venturi40.37皮托管Pitot4.0.38變面積式流量計(jì)variablearea4039容積式流量計(jì)positivedisplacement40.40橢圓齒輪流量計(jì)ovalwheel4.0,41腰輪流量計(jì)roots4.0.42刮板流量計(jì)slidingvanerotary4.0.43渦輪流量傳感器turbineflow4.0.44渦街流量傳感器vortexsheddingflow40.45磁性流量傳感器magneticflow磁場(chǎng)的作用，導(dǎo)致垂直于流動(dòng)軸線的兩個(gè)電極處產(chǎn)生電動(dòng)勢(shì)(e.m.f)，它與流體的4.0.46超聲流量傳感器ultrasonicflow4047熱式流量計(jì)thermal4.0.48質(zhì)量流量計(jì)mass4049標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體積管、管式校準(zhǔn)器Pipe4.0,50玻璃液位計(jì)glasslevel40.51浮子液位計(jì)float4.0.52超聲物位計(jì)ultrasonic（液體或固體）4053伽馬射線液位計(jì)Gamma-ray40.54電容物位計(jì)electricalcapacitance4.0.55吹氣管bubble-4.0.56負(fù)載（稱重）load40.57electronicconveyerbelt4058revolutionspeed4059displacement4.0.60分析儀（分析器4.0.61process4.0.62gas4.0.63on-lineprocessgas4064mass4.0.65disPersiveinfraredgas40.66non-dispersiveinfra-redgasanalyzer(NDIR)通過(guò)40.67thermalconductivitygas4068paramagneticoxygen4.0.69solidelectrolyteoxygen4070ion-selective4.0.71redoxelecelectrode4.0.72pHpHelectrode4073combustiblegas40.74finalcontrolling4.0.75control4076solenoid40.77自力式調(diào)節(jié)閥（減壓器）pressure4.0.784.0.794080pneumatic4.0.81electricactuator4082hydraulicactuator4.0.83globevalve4084butterfly4085rotaryeccentricplugvalve;camflex40.86ball4.0.87diaphragmvalve;saunders4.0.88plug4.0.89gate4.0.90angle4.0.91lownoise40.92anti-cavitation4093controlvalve4.0.944.0.954.0.,6digital4.0.974098limit4.0.99air4.0.100l4.0.1014.0.102signal將一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化傳輸信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化傳輸信號(hào)的專用變送器。例如：PIIP、VI、IV、VP、PV、IIP為壓力、I為電流、V為電壓4~20mA、20~100kPa、0~10V4.0.1034.0.104valve4.0.1054.0.106radiationfin40107extension4.0.108bellowssteel4.0.109閥芯valve40110seat4011140112valve40113diaphragm40114piston55.0.15.0.2擬信號(hào)”,“二進(jìn)制信號(hào)”表示“開(kāi)-關(guān)”或“高-低”狀態(tài)，即表示不連續(xù)變化的5.0.31)2)3)4)50.4注：1825.0.550.65.0.7word50.85.0.9storage5.0.105011random5.0.12serial5.0.13access0.14cycletime5015machine5016machine5.0.175.0.185.0.19shared50.20shared5.0.21distributedcontrol5.0.22系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)system5.0.23processcontrol5.0.24supervision5025management50.26directdigitalcontrol50.27dataacquisition分散型控制系統(tǒng)過(guò)程控制級(jí)中的一種站，用于大批量的運(yùn)行參數(shù)或?qū)嶒?yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的采5.0.28operatorsstation5029engineer’swork5030multiplexor1)2)5031programmablelogiccontroller(PLc5.0.32采用大規(guī)?；虺笠?guī)模集成電路技術(shù)制作的中央處理單元CPU)，它是微（型）5.0.33微（型）5.0.34input/output5.0.355.0.36peripheralinterfaceadapter5037realtime5.0.38analog5.0.39digital5040realtime5.0.41analog5.0.42digital5043man-machine5.0.445.0.455046intermpt5.0.47system5.0.485.0.49data5.0.50parallel在多個(gè)裝置（例如多通道或多處理機(jī)）5.0.51serial5052parallel5053serial在一個(gè)部件中（例如在運(yùn)算部件中5.0.545.0.55bus5.0.56bus5.0.575.0.58（硬件的）configuration(of5.0.595.0.605.0.61overview5.0.62control50.63報(bào)警總貌畫面alarmsummary5064real-timetrend為便于分析生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的動(dòng)態(tài)特性，按一定采樣時(shí)間（10秒5065historicaltrend對(duì)不同控制點(diǎn)，按一定采樣時(shí)間（5分鐘）進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（10天）的趨勢(shì)5066self-diagnosticalarm5.0.67software5.0.685.0.69application5.0.70system5.0.71processcontrol5.0.72operating計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)負(fù)責(zé)控制和管理處理機(jī)、主存、輔存、10設(shè)備和文件等資源的程5073mathematical50.74software50.75software5.0.761)離散的程序單位，且對(duì)于編譯，對(duì)于和其它單位相結(jié)合，對(duì)于裝入來(lái)說(shuō)是可2)5.0.77function50.78decision5.0.795.0.80flow5.0.8150.82diagnostic5.0.83data5.0.845.0.85peripheral50.8650.87graphic5.0.88inkjet50.89laser50.90keyboard5091CRTCRTdisplay50.925093light5.0.945.0955.0.965.0.975.0.98flexibledisk,5.0.99floppydisk5.0.100rigiddisk50101winchesterdisk5.0.102cartridgedisk5.0.103data50104communication5.0.105fiber5.0.1065.0.10750105modulator-demodulatormodem5.0.109datahighway50110highway50111datal)一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)源和一個(gè)或多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)宿之間傳輸信息的手段。一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以包2)50112network501135011450115501165011750118open按照建立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)能與其它系統(tǒng)相連接的一種計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。這樣的系統(tǒng)包括一臺(tái)或形成了一個(gè)能夠完成信息處理的自治整體。50119redundancy5.0.120standby5.0.121fieldbus(FB5.0.122field-buscontrolsystemFCS50123supervisorycontrolanddataacquisitionsystem(SCADAsystem)50.124logicalcircuitlogic5.0.125gate5.0.126“與”門ANDgate5.0.127“或”門ORgate50128NOT亦稱邏輯否定電路，它只有一個(gè)輸入端和一個(gè)輸出端，其輸入與輸出是反相邏輯關(guān)系，輸入是“l(fā)0015.0.129Dga50130NOR50131AND-OR-NOT6601operating6.0.2referenceoperatingcondition603normaloperating6.0.4operating6.0.5storageandtransportation606airconditioned（AIEC654-1）6.0.7shelteredlocation（CIEC654-1）608outdoor風(fēng)和揚(yáng)砂的戶外大氣條件下的場(chǎng)所（DIEC654-1）6.0.96010environmental注：123．有些裝置可能會(huì)有不止一組環(huán)境條件，例如有運(yùn)輸環(huán)境條件、儲(chǔ)存環(huán)境條件和工作6011ambient6.0.12絕對(duì)濕度absolute60.13relative6.0.14dew-6.0.156.0.166.0.176.0.186.0.196020ambient60.21powersupply6.0.22powersupply6023electromagnetic6.0.246.0.256.0.266.0.27explosive6028typeofprotectionofaninstrumentforexplosive60.29groupofaninstrumentforexplosive6030maximumsurface6031temperature6.0.32ignition6.0.33explosive6034minimumignitioncurrent6.0.356036hazardous6.0.37non-hazardous60.386039flameproof60.40(Exd)flameproofenclosure(Exd6041(Exe)increasedsafetyelectricalapparatusExe6.0.42pressurized6.0.43正壓外殼(Exp)pursedandpressurizedenclosureExp6044intrinsicallysafe6045本質(zhì)安全電路（Exd）intrinsicallysafecircuit6046intrinsicsafety6047insulation6.0.48insulatingstrength,breakdownvoltage6.0.49盤（屏6050control操作人員站立時(shí)可接近的儀表盤和（或）60.51有門并設(shè)計(jì)成可在內(nèi)部和（或）6.0.526.0.53全模擬盤（屏）graphic過(guò)程示意圖中嵌人控制、測(cè)量和信號(hào)裝置的盤（屏6054半模擬盤（屏）semi-graphic控制盤（屏）之上方有過(guò)程示意圖并可有顯示過(guò)程狀態(tài)的信號(hào)裝置的盤（屏6.0.55cut-6056instrument6.0.576.0.586.0.59local6.0.60panel6.0.61behindthe1)2)3)6.0.626.0.636.0.64用字母和（或）6.0.65protecting6.0.66heating6.0.67（儀表）power6068uninterruptedpower6069（儀表）electricalpowerconsumption6.0.70（儀表）airsupply用氣體（通常為空氣）6.0.71（儀表）airNm/h）6072corrosion6.0.736.0.746.0.756.0.76thermocoupleextension60.77measuringlineimpulse為測(cè)量過(guò)程變量（如壓力、流量等6.0.786.0.796.0.8060.81cabletraycable6.0.8260.83piping6.0.846.0.850.86fitting60.87straight60.88three-valve6.0.89slip-on6.0.90conectionwith6.0.916.0.926.0.936.0.94reference6.0.95safety6.0.966.0.97shielding6.0.98nominalpressure60.99nominalsize,nominalmm為單位，并冠60.100allowablepressure60101shutoff60102failurevalve60.103airtoopen6.0.104airtoclose6.0.105facetoface6.0.106閥尺寸計(jì)算（閥口徑計(jì)算）valve6.0.107flowKvCv。60108Kvflowcoefficient278~313oK(5~40℃)105Pa60109Cvflowcoefficient40~1000℉1psi壓降下一分鐘內(nèi)60110soundpressure6.0.111noiseprediction60112aerodynamic60113hydrodynamic60114cavitation601156011660117cavitation60118factoryacceptancetestFAT60119siteacceptancetestSAT6.0.120processflow6.0.121pipingandinstrumentdiagram借助統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的圖形符號(hào)和文字代號(hào)，用圖示的方法把建立化工工藝裝置所需的以起到描述工藝裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的作用。Aabsolute2.0.5.0.6.0.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