2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：夏季氣候變遷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本部分共30題，每題2分，共60分。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀每篇passage，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。?.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseoftheincreasingfrequencyofextremeweathereventsinrecentdecades?A.Thedepletionoftheozonelayer.B.Theriseinglobalsealevels.C.Theincreaseingreenhousegasemissions.D.Thedecreaseinpolaricecaps.2.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisasignificantconsequenceofmeltingglaciers?A.Thecreationofnewwildlifehabitats.B.Thereductionofoceanacidity.C.Theincreaseinfreshwaterscarcity.D.Theenhancementofagriculturalproductivity.3.Whatdoesthepassageindicateabouttheimpactofdeforestationonlocalclimates?A.Itleadstoincreasedrainfall.B.Itresultsinmorestabletemperatures.C.Itcausesariseinhumiditylevels.D.Itcontributestothecoolingofsurroundingareas.4.Accordingtothepassage,whichfactorisconsideredthemosteffectiveinmitigatingtheeffectsofclimatechange?A.Relyingsolelyonrenewableenergysources.B.Increasingtheuseoffossilfuels.C.Implementingstrictcarbontaxes.D.Encouragingglobaldeforestation.5.ThepassagementionsthatmanyscientistsbelievetheEarth'stemperaturehasbeenrisingatanunprecedentedrate.Whatevidencesupportsthisclaim?A.Historicalrecordsoftemperaturefluctuations.B.Observationsofpolaricemelt.C.Studiesonoceanacidification.D.Alloftheabove.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheParisAgreement?A.Topromotetheuseofnuclearenergy.B.Toreduceglobalcarbonemissions.C.Toencourageeconomicgrowth.D.Toprotectendangeredspecies.7.Thepassageindicatesthatwhichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofheatwaves?A.Increasedsnowfallinpolarregions.B.Loweredriverlevels.C.Higherratesofskincancer.D.Decreasedairpollution.8.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryroleofcarboncapturetechnology?A.Togeneraterenewableenergy.B.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.C.Toimproveairquality.D.Toenhanceagriculturalyields.9.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisamajorchallengeinaddressingclimatechange?A.Thelackofscientificconsensus.B.Thehighcostofrenewableenergy.C.Theabsenceofgovernmentpolicies.D.Theunwillingnessofthepublictochange.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainbenefitofreforestationefforts?A.Itincreasestheglobalpopulation.B.Itenhancesbiodiversity.C.Itbooststhetourismindustry.D.Itimproveswaterquality.11.Thepassagementionsthatmanycoastalcitiesareatriskduetorisingsealevels.Whatisapotentialsolutiontothisproblem?A.Buildinghigherseawalls.B.Encouragingmigrationtoinlandareas.C.Increasingtheuseofcoastaldefenses.D.Alloftheabove.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaincauseofoceanacidification?A.Thereleaseofindustrialpollutants.B.Theabsorptionofcarbondioxide.C.Theoverfishingofmarinespecies.D.Thedischargeofagriculturalrunoff.13.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisasignificantimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture?A.Increasedcropyields.B.Theexpansionofarableland.C.Thespreadofpestsanddiseases.D.Thereductioninfoodprices.14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)?A.Topromotetheuseoffossilfuels.B.Tostudytheeffectsofclimatechange.C.Todevelopnewagriculturaltechniques.D.Toadvocateforglobaldeforestation.15.Thepassageindicatesthatwhichofthefollowingisacommonconsequenceofdroughts?A.Increasedwateravailability.B.Loweredenergyconsumption.C.Thespreadofwaterbornediseases.D.Highercropyields.16.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryroleofrenewableenergysourcesincombatingclimatechange?A.Toprovideasustainableenergysupply.B.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.C.Toincreaseindustrialproductivity.D.Toenhanceglobaleconomicgrowth.17.Thepassagementionsthatmanyscientistsareconcernedaboutthelong-termeffectsofclimatechange.Whatisamajorareaofconcern?A.Thedepletionofnaturalresources.B.Theriseinsealevels.C.Thelossofbiodiversity.D.Alloftheabove.18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainbenefitofusingenergy-efficientappliances?A.Theyreduceelectricitybills.B.Theydecreasegreenhousegasemissions.C.Theyimprovethequalityoflife.D.Theyenhanceindustrialproductivity.19.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisasignificantchallengeinreducingcarbonemissions?A.Thelackoftechnologicalinnovation.B.Thehighcostofrenewableenergy.C.Theabsenceofgovernmentpolicies.D.Theunwillingnessofthepublictochange.20.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheKyotoProtocol?A.Topromotetheuseofnuclearenergy.B.Toreduceglobalcarbonemissions.C.Toencourageeconomicgrowth.D.Toprotectendangeredspecies.21.Thepassageindicatesthatwhichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofclimatechange?A.Increasedsnowfallinpolarregions.B.Loweredriverlevels.C.Higherratesofskincancer.D.Decreasedairpollution.22.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryroleofcarboncapturetechnology?A.Togeneraterenewableenergy.B.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.C.Toimproveairquality.D.Toenhanceagriculturalyields.23.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisamajorchallengeinaddressingclimatechange?A.Thelackofscientificconsensus.B.Thehighcostofrenewableenergy.C.Theabsenceofgovernmentpolicies.So,I'mreallyexcitedtoseehowyou'lldoonthistest!Let'sgetstarted.Remember,I'veputalotofeffortintocreatingthesequestions,andIhopethey'llreallychallengeyou.Justdoyourbest,andI'mconfidentyou'lldowell.Goodluck!三、填空題（本部分共20題，每題2分，共40分。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，在橫線上填寫合適的單詞或短語(yǔ)。）24.Thepassageindicatesthattheincreaseinglobaltemperaturesisprimarilyduetothe________ofgreenhousegases.A.emissionB.absorptionC.reductionD.consumption25.Accordingtothepassage,themeltingofpolaricecapsisasignificantindicatorof________change.A.climateB.weatherC.environmentalD.geological26.Thepassagesuggeststhatdeforestationcanleadto________inlocaltemperatures.A.coolingB.stabilizationC.warmingD.fluctuation27.Accordingtothepassage,theParisAgreementaimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow________degreesCelsius.A.1.5B.2C.3D.428.Thepassagementionsthatheatwavescancause________ratesofheat-relatedillnesses.A.decreasedB.increasedC.stableD.unpredictable29.Accordingtothepassage,carboncapturetechnologyisdesignedto________greenhousegasemissions.A.increaseB.reduceC.storeD.release30.Thepassageindicatesthattheprimarychallengeinaddressingclimatechangeisthe________ofpublicawareness.A.lackofB.abundanceofC.increaseinD.decreasein31.Accordingtothepassage,reforestationeffortscanhelpto________carbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.A.absorbB.releaseC.generateD.convert32.Thepassagesuggeststhatrisingsealevelsposeasignificantthreatto________cities.A.inlandB.coastalC.mountainousD.desert33.Accordingtothepassage,oceanacidificationisprimarilycausedbythe________ofcarbondioxide.A.depletionB.absorptionC.releaseD.reduction34.Thepassageindicatesthatclimatechangecanhaveaprofoundimpacton________productivity.A.agriculturalB.industrialC.commercialD.technological35.Accordingtothepassage,theIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)isresponsiblefor________climatechange.A.promotingB.studyingC.denyingD.ignoring36.Thepassagementionsthatdroughtscanleadto________inwateravailability.A.increasedB.decreasedC.stableD.unpredictable37.Accordingtothepassage,renewableenergysourcesplayacrucialrolein________greenhousegasemissions.A.increasingB.reducingC.storingD.releasing38.Thepassageindicatesthatamajorconcernregardingclimatechangeisthepotentiallossof________diversity.A.speciesB.ecosystemsC.habitatsD.populations39.Accordingtothepassage,energy-efficientappliancescanhelpto________electricityconsumption.A.increaseB.reduceC.stabilizeD.fluctuate40.ThepassagesuggeststhattheKyotoProtocolwasaimedatreducingglobalcarbonemissionsby________percent.A.5B.10C.15D.20四、簡(jiǎn)答題（本部分共10題，每題4分，共40分。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問(wèn)題。）41.Whataretheprimarycausesoftheincreasingfrequencyofextremeweathereventsinrecentdecades?42.Howdoesdeforestationimpactlocalclimates,andwhatarethepotentialconsequencesofthisimpact?43.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheParisAgreement,andwhataresomeofitskeytargets?44.Whataresomecommonsymptomsofheatwaves,andhowcantheybemitigated?45.Whatistheprimaryroleofcarboncapturetechnologyinaddressingclimatechange,andwhataresomeofitschallenges?46.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomemajorchallengesinreducingcarbonemissions,andhowcanthesechallengesbeaddressed?47.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofusingrenewableenergysourcesincombatingclimatechange?48.Howdoesclimatechangeimpactbiodiversity,andwhataresomeofthepotentialconsequencesofthisimpact?49.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomecommonconsequencesofdroughts,andhowcantheseconsequencesbemitigated?50.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),andwhatdoesitdotostudytheeffectsofclimatechange?本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.C.Theincreaseingreenhousegasemissions.解析：文章第一段明確指出，近年來(lái)極端天氣事件頻發(fā)的主要原因是溫室氣體排放的增加。其他選項(xiàng)雖然與氣候變化有關(guān)，但并非直接原因。2.C.Theincreaseinfreshwaterscarcity.解析：文章第二段提到，冰川融化會(huì)導(dǎo)致淡水供應(yīng)減少，這是熔化冰川的一個(gè)主要后果。其他選項(xiàng)如棲息地創(chuàng)造、海洋酸化減少和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力提高與文章內(nèi)容不符。3.D.Itcontributestothecoolingofsurroundingareas.解析：文章第三段指出，森林砍伐會(huì)導(dǎo)致周邊地區(qū)變暖，而非冷卻。其他選項(xiàng)如增加降雨、穩(wěn)定溫度和升高濕度水平與文章描述的相反。4.A.Relyingsolelyonrenewableenergysources.解析：文章第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)，依賴可再生能源是緩解氣候變化最有效的方法之一。其他選項(xiàng)如增加化石燃料使用、實(shí)施嚴(yán)格碳稅和鼓勵(lì)全球森林砍伐都與文章觀點(diǎn)相悖。5.D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章第五段提到，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球溫度上升速度前所未有，這一說(shuō)法有歷史溫度波動(dòng)記錄、極地冰層融化觀測(cè)和海洋酸化研究作為證據(jù)。所有選項(xiàng)都是支持這一觀點(diǎn)的證據(jù)。6.B.Toreduceglobalcarbonemissions.解析：文章第六段明確指出，《巴黎協(xié)定》的主要目的是減少全球碳排放。其他選項(xiàng)如促進(jìn)核能使用、鼓勵(lì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和保護(hù)瀕危物種與協(xié)定的目標(biāo)不符。7.C.Higherratesofskincancer.解析：文章第七段提到，熱浪會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚癌發(fā)病率上升。其他選項(xiàng)如極地地區(qū)降雪增加、河流水位降低和空氣污染減少與熱浪的常見(jiàn)癥狀不符。8.B.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.解析：文章第八段指出，碳捕獲技術(shù)的核心作用是減少溫室氣體排放。其他選項(xiàng)如產(chǎn)生可再生能源、改善空氣質(zhì)量和提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量與該技術(shù)的功能不符。9.B.Thehighcostofrenewableenergy.解析：文章第九段提到，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是可再生能源的高成本。其他選項(xiàng)如缺乏科學(xué)共識(shí)、缺乏政府政策和公眾不愿改變雖然也是挑戰(zhàn)，但文章并未強(qiáng)調(diào)。10.B.Itenhancesbiodiversity.解析：文章第十段指出，重新造林工作有助于增強(qiáng)生物多樣性。其他選項(xiàng)如增加全球人口、促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)和提高水質(zhì)與重新造林的好處不符。11.D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章第十一段提到，許多沿海城市面臨海平面上升的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，潛在解決方案包括建造更高的海堤、鼓勵(lì)遷往內(nèi)陸地區(qū)和增加沿海防御。所有選項(xiàng)都是可能的解決方案。12.B.Theabsorptionofcarbondioxide.解析：文章第十二段指出，海洋酸化的主要原因是二氧化碳的吸收。其他選項(xiàng)如工業(yè)污染物排放、過(guò)度捕撈海洋物種和農(nóng)業(yè)徑流排放與文章內(nèi)容不符。13.C.Thespreadofpestsanddiseases.解析：文章第十三段提到，氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的一個(gè)顯著影響是害蟲和疾病的傳播。其他選項(xiàng)如增加作物產(chǎn)量、擴(kuò)大耕地面積和降低食品價(jià)格與文章描述的相反。14.B.Tostudytheeffectsofclimatechange.解析：文章第十四段明確指出，政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)（IPCC）的主要目的是研究氣候變化的影響。其他選項(xiàng)如促進(jìn)化石燃料使用、開發(fā)新的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)和倡導(dǎo)全球森林砍伐與該組織的職能不符。15.C.Thespreadofwaterbornediseases.解析：文章第十五段提到，干旱會(huì)導(dǎo)致水源減少，從而增加水傳播疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。其他選項(xiàng)如增加水資源、降低能源消耗和提高作物產(chǎn)量與干旱的后果不符。16.A.Toprovideasustainableenergysupply.解析：文章第十六段指出，可再生能源在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化中的主要作用是提供可持續(xù)的能源供應(yīng)。其他選項(xiàng)如減少溫室氣體排放、提高工業(yè)生產(chǎn)力和增強(qiáng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與該能源的作用不符。17.D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章第十七段提到，許多科學(xué)家擔(dān)心氣候變化的長(zhǎng)期影響，包括自然資源枯竭、海平面上升和生物多樣性喪失。所有選項(xiàng)都是主要的擔(dān)憂領(lǐng)域。18.B.Theydecreasegreenhousegasemissions.解析：文章第十八段指出，節(jié)能電器的主要好處是減少溫室氣體排放。其他選項(xiàng)如降低電費(fèi)、提高生活質(zhì)量和增強(qiáng)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)力與該電器的功能不符。19.B.Thehighcostofrenewableenergy.解析：文章第十九段提到，減少碳排放的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是可再生能源的高成本。其他選項(xiàng)如缺乏技術(shù)革新、缺乏政府政策和公眾不愿改變雖然也是挑戰(zhàn)，但文章并未強(qiáng)調(diào)。20.B.Toreduceglobalcarbonemissions.解析：文章第二十段明確指出，《京都議定書》的主要目的是減少全球碳排放。其他選項(xiàng)如促進(jìn)核能使用、鼓勵(lì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和保護(hù)瀕危物種與議定書的目標(biāo)不符。21.C.Higherratesofskincancer.解析：文章第二十一段提到，熱浪會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚癌發(fā)病率上升。其他選項(xiàng)如極地地區(qū)降雪增加、河流水位降低和空氣污染減少與熱浪的常見(jiàn)癥狀不符。22.B.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.解析：文章第二十二段指出，碳捕獲技術(shù)的核心作用是減少溫室氣體排放。其他選項(xiàng)如產(chǎn)生可再生能源、改善空氣質(zhì)量和提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量與該技術(shù)的功能不符。23.A.Thelackofscientificconsensus.解析：文章第二十三段提到，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是缺乏科學(xué)共識(shí)。其他選項(xiàng)如可再生能源的高成本、缺乏政府政策和公眾不愿改變雖然也是挑戰(zhàn)，但文章并未強(qiáng)調(diào)。24.A.emission解析：文章第一段明確指出，全球溫度上升主要是由于溫室氣體的排放。其他選項(xiàng)如吸收、減少和消耗與文章內(nèi)容不符。25.A.climate解析：文章第二段提到，極地冰層的融化是氣候變化的一個(gè)顯著指標(biāo)。其他選項(xiàng)如天氣、環(huán)境和地質(zhì)與文章描述的相反。26.C.warming解析：文章第三段指出，森林砍伐會(huì)導(dǎo)致周邊地區(qū)變暖。其他選項(xiàng)如冷卻、穩(wěn)定、波動(dòng)與文章描述的相反。27.B.2解析：文章第四段提到，《巴黎協(xié)定》旨在將全球變暖限制在2攝氏度以下。其他選項(xiàng)如1.5、3和4與協(xié)定的目標(biāo)不符。28.B.increased解析：文章第七段提到，熱浪會(huì)導(dǎo)致熱相關(guān)疾病發(fā)病率上升。其他選項(xiàng)如減少、穩(wěn)定、不可預(yù)測(cè)與熱浪的癥狀不符。29.B.reduce解析：文章第八段指出，碳捕獲技術(shù)的核心作用是減少溫室氣體排放。其他選項(xiàng)如增加、儲(chǔ)存、釋放與該技術(shù)的功能不符。30.A.lackof解析：文章第九段提到，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是公眾意識(shí)的缺乏。其他選項(xiàng)如豐富的、增加的、減少的與文章內(nèi)容不符。31.A.absorb解析：文章第十一段指出，重新造林工作有助于吸收大氣中的二氧化碳。其他選項(xiàng)如釋放、產(chǎn)生、轉(zhuǎn)換與重新造林的好處不符。32.B.coastal解析：文章第十一段提到，海平面上升對(duì)沿海城市構(gòu)成重大威脅。其他選項(xiàng)如內(nèi)陸、山區(qū)、沙漠與文章描述的相反。33.B.absorption解析：文章第十二段指出，海洋酸化的主要原因是二氧化碳的吸收。其他選項(xiàng)如消耗、釋放、減少與文章內(nèi)容不符。34.A.agricultural解析：文章第十三段提到，氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力有深遠(yuǎn)影響。其他選項(xiàng)如工業(yè)、商業(yè)、技術(shù)性、與文章描述的相反。35.B.studying解析：文章第十四段明確指出，政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)（IPCC）負(fù)責(zé)研究氣候變化。其他選項(xiàng)如促進(jìn)、否認(rèn)、忽視與該組織的職能不符。36.B.decreased解析：文章第十五段提到，干旱會(huì)導(dǎo)致水資源減少。其他選項(xiàng)如增加、穩(wěn)定、不可預(yù)測(cè)與干旱的后果不符。37.B.reduce解析：文章第十六段指出，可再生能源在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化中的主要作用是減少溫室氣體排放。其他選項(xiàng)如增加、儲(chǔ)存、釋放與該能源的作用不符。38.B.ecosystems解析：文章第十七段提到，氣候變化導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)多樣性喪失是一個(gè)主要擔(dān)憂。其他選項(xiàng)如物種、棲息地、種群與文章描述的相反。39.B.reduce解析：文章第十八段指出，節(jié)能電器有助于減少電力消耗。其他選項(xiàng)如增加、穩(wěn)定、波動(dòng)與該電器的功能不符。40.B.10解析：文章第二十段提到，《京都議定書》旨在將全球碳排放減少10%。其他選項(xiàng)如5、15、20與議定書的目標(biāo)不符。四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案及解析41.Theprimarycausesoftheincreasingfrequencyofextremeweathereventsinrecentdecadesaretheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,themeltingofpolaricecaps,andtheriseinglobaltemperatures.解析：文章第一段和第五段明確指出，溫室氣體排放增加、極地冰層融化和全球溫度上升是導(dǎo)致近年來(lái)極端天氣事件頻發(fā)的主要原因。42.Deforestationimpactslocalclimatesbyleadingtowarminginsurroundingareas.Thepotentialconsequencesofthisimpactincludeincreasedtemperatures,reducedrainfall,andthespreadofdroughts.解析：文章第三段指出，森林砍伐會(huì)導(dǎo)致周邊地區(qū)變暖。這些變化可能導(dǎo)致溫度升高、降雨減少和干旱蔓延等后果。43.ThemainpurposeoftheParisAgreementistoreduceglobalcarbonemissionstowellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels,anditaimstostrengthentheglobalresponsetothethreatofclimatechange.解析：文章第五段和第六段明確指出，《巴黎協(xié)定》的主要目標(biāo)是減少全球碳排放，并將全球變暖限制在工業(yè)化前水平以上2攝氏度以下，以加強(qiáng)全球?qū)夂蜃兓{的應(yīng)對(duì)。44.Somecommonsymptomsofheatwavesincludehigherratesofheat-relatedillnesses,dehydration,andheatstroke.Thesecanbemitigatedbystayinghydrated,wearingappropriateclothing,andseekingshadeorair-conditionedenvironments.解析：文章第七段提到，熱浪會(huì)導(dǎo)致熱相關(guān)疾病發(fā)病率上升。緩解這些癥狀的方法包括保持水分、穿著合適的衣物和在陰涼處或空調(diào)環(huán)境中尋求涼爽。45.Theprimaryroleofcarboncapturetechnologyistoreducegreenhousegasemissionsbycapturingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereorfromindustrialprocessesandstoringitunderground.However,challengesincludehighcosts,technologicallimitations,andtheneedforlarge-scaleimplementation.解析：文章第八段指出，碳捕獲技術(shù)的核心作用是減少溫室氣體排放，通過(guò)從大氣或工業(yè)過(guò)程中捕獲二氧化碳并將其儲(chǔ)存在地下。然而，該技術(shù)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括高成本、技術(shù)局限性和需要大規(guī)模實(shí)施。46.Somemajorchallengesinreducingcarbonemissionsincludethehighcostofrenewableenergy,thelackofgovernmentpoliciesandincentives,andtheunwillingnessofthepublictochangetheirbehaviors.Thesechallengescanb