PAGE1鄂州高中2022屆高三調(diào)研考試（五）英語本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANewstrength-trainingdevicesfitaweightroom’sworthofequipmentintoanareasmallerthanayoga(瑜伽)mat—lettingyouworkoutanywhere.Herearefoursmallbutpowerfulstrength-trainingkits.FORTHEPEOPLELOVINGBEAUTY$2,999NordicTrack’sbendingsurfacelookslikeanordinarywallmirror.Butthesmoothreflectivecasinghidestrainingdeviceslikeanexercisecarpet,yogablocksandkettlebells.Theglassitselfisafuturistictouchscreenthatoffersalibraryofliveandon-demandclassesandcustomizedtrainingprograms.Itssurfacealsoletsyouobserveatrainer’sproperformandmodelitasyoumove.www.nordictrack.comFORSMALL-SPACEDWELLERS$979MAXPRO,asabackpack—sizedevice,isacondensed(緊縮的)versionoftheheavygymmachinesthatuseweightplatesattachedtoacable.Switchbetween50resistancesettings(from5to300pounds)withtheturnofadial.Touseit,juststandorlieonthebase.Grabthelongbar,handles,ankleorwristropestoperformover150exercisesonyourown.www.maxprofitness.comFORTHESMART-HOMELOVERS$2,500.Morespace-efficientthanayogamat,TheArenagym’shigh-techpulley(滑輪)systemcangenerate200poundsofresistance.Andaninternalcomputertrackstheamountofweight,numberofrepetitionsandspeedatwhichyoulifttoadjusttoyourfitnessgoals.www.goarena.comFORCHANGE-IT-UPLIFTERS$2,895TheFitbenchcanturnanyspaceintoaweightroom.With14fixingpointsforresistancebandsandaholeforaweightedrope,thefourfootwidebenchmaxesoutitsspace.Hidingbelowtheadjustabletoparesixsetsofdumbbells,kettlebells,aweightedballandresistancebands.www.fitbench.com1.Whichofthefollowingoffersvarioustrainingclasses?A.NordicTrack. B.MAXPRO.C.TheArena. D.TheFitbench.2.Whatdothefourdeviceshaveincommon?A.Theyareallhigh-techwithtouchscreen.B.Theyareallgoodforgymandyogaexercises.C.Theyareallsmallbuteffectiveforstrengthtraining.D.Theyareallavailableforon-demandworkoutsdisplay.3.Whichsectiondoesthetextprobablyappearinanewspaper?A.Health. B.Advertisement.C.Entertainment. D.Science.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要推薦了四種小但是功能強大的力量訓練包?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“MAXPRO”中的“Theglassitselfisafuturistictouchscreenthatoffersalibraryofliveandon-demandclassesandcustomizedtrainingprograms.(玻璃本身是一個未來主義的觸摸屏，提供了一個數(shù)據(jù)庫，包括現(xiàn)場和按需課程以及定制的培訓計劃)”可知，該訓練包包括各種課程。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herearefoursmallbutpowerfulstrength-trainingkits.(這里有四個小但強大力量訓練包)”可知，這四種訓練包都很小，但對力量訓練很有效。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要推薦了四種小但是功能強大的力量訓練包。根據(jù)每一個訓練包后面提供的價格、在介紹產(chǎn)品的時候使用的一些勸導性的話語以及提供的購買網(wǎng)頁等可知，這是一則廣告。故選B。BMyfriendGwenpostedaphotoyesterdayonhersocialpage.ThephotowasofaChristmastreemadefromcarefully-placedbooks.Itwasveryclever.Afterdoingalittleresearch,IfoundthatmakingChristmastreesfromapileofbooksispopularrightnow,especiallyatlibraries.TheInglewoodLibraryinLosAngelescreatedatreefromlittleusedbooksusingredbooksonthebottomtocopyatreeskirtandgreenbooksforthetreeitself.OtherexamplesarefromtheGleesonLibraryinSanFranciscoandasmallbookstorewindowinBethlehem,Pennsylvania.OneofthegreatthingsaboutusingbookstocreateadecorativeChristmastreeisthatthereisnowaste.AfterDec25,thebooksjustgobackontheshelf.Icouldn’tfindanyspecificinstructionsonlinewithtipsforbuildingatreeoutofbooks,butitseemedprettysimple.Solastnight,my9-year-oldsonandIemptiedseveralshelvesinhisroomandbuiltourowntreeoutofcopiesofDiaryofaWimpyKid,CaptainUnderpants,Stink,HarryPotteranddozensofotherbooks.ThetopbookonthetreeisTheBestChristmasPageantEver.Wetookanoldstringoflightsandwrappedthemaroundthetreeandasparestartreetopperthatwehadandlitthetreeofbooksup.HewasthrilledtohavehisownChristmastreeinhisbedroom.Wedidn’tworryaboutmakingthetreeperfectlysymmetrical(對稱的),butwithalittlemoretimeandpatiencewecouldhavemadeatreethatwastallerandalittleneater.Thatwouldn’thavebeennearlyasmuchfunforus,though.Icouldseethetreethroughthecrackinhisdoorlastnightashewassleeping,anditmademesmileeverytimeIwalkedpasthisbedroom.4.Whatinspiredtheauthortobuildatreeoutofbooks?A.AphotopostedontheInternet.B.AChristmastreeatafriend'shomeC.AChristmastreehesawinalibrary.D.Afriend'snoteabouttheuseofbooks5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThepopularityoftreesmadeofbooksB.Somelibraries’loveforChristmastrees.C.ThebooksusedtobuildChristmastrees.D.ThefeatureofChristmastreesinlibraries.6.Howdidtheauthormanagetobuildatreeoutofbooks?A.Byusingbooksborrowed.B.Byaskinghisfriendsforhelp.CBysearchingonlineforusefultips.D.Bymakingpreparationswithhisson.7.Whatdidtheauthorfeelsatisfiedwith?A.Theappearanceofthetree.B.Thefruitoftheirjointefforts.C.Theprocessofbuildingthetree.D.Hisson’sacademicperformance.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者受到一張用書做成的圣誕樹的照片的鼓舞，和兒子一起用舊的書做了一棵樹，并且對他和兒子一起努力的成果感到非常滿意?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MyfriendGwenpostedaphotoyesterdayonhersocialpage.ThephotowasofaChristmastreemadefromcarefully-placedbooks.Itwasveryclever.Afterdoingalittleresearch,IfoundthatmakingChristmastreesfromapileofbooksispopularrightnow,especiallyatlibraries.(我的朋友格溫昨天在她的社交主頁上發(fā)了一張照片。這張照片是一棵圣誕樹，是用精心擺放的書做成的。它非常聰明。在做了一些研究之后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)用一堆書做圣誕樹現(xiàn)在很流行，尤其是在圖書館)”及下文作者和兒子一起用書做樹可知，網(wǎng)上發(fā)布的一張照片激發(fā)了作者用書做一棵樹的靈感。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“TheInglewoodLibraryinLosAngelescreatedatreefromlittleusedbooksusingredbooksonthebottomtocopyatreeskirtandgreenbooksforthetreeitself.OtherexamplesarefromtheGleesonLibraryinSanFranciscoandasmallbookstorewindowinBethlehem,Pennsylvania.OneofthegreatthingsaboutusingbookstocreateadecorativeChristmastreeisthatthereisnowaste.AfterDec25,thebooksjustgobackontheshelf.(洛杉磯的英格爾伍德圖書館用很少的二手書制作了一棵樹，底部用紅書模仿樹裙，綠色的書作為樹本身。其他例子還有舊金山的格里森圖書館和賓夕法尼亞州伯利恒的一個小書店櫥窗。用書來裝飾圣誕樹的好處之一就是沒有浪費。12月25日之后，這些書又回到了書架上)”可知，本段主要通過幾個例子說明了書做的樹很流行。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Icouldn’tfindanyspecificinstructionsonlinewithtipsforbuildingatreeoutofbooks,butitseemedprettysimple.Solastnight,my9-year-oldsonandIemptiedseveralshelvesinhisroomandbuiltourowntreeoutofcopiesofDiaryofaWimpyKid,CaptainUnderpants,Stink,HarryPotteranddozensofotherbooks.ThetopbookonthetreeisTheBestChristmasPageantEver.(我在網(wǎng)上找不到任何關于用書本做一棵樹的具體指導，但它似乎很簡單。所以昨天晚上，我和我9歲的兒子清空了他房間里的幾個書架，用《小屁孩日記》、《內(nèi)褲隊長》、《臭氣熏天》、《哈利波特》和其他幾十本書的副本做了一棵我們自己的樹。圣誕樹上最上面的一本書是《史上最棒的圣誕盛會》)”和第四段“Wetookanoldstringoflightsandwrappedthemaroundthetreeandasparestartreetopperthatwehadandlitthetreeofbooksup.HewasthrilledtohavehisownChristmastreeinhisbedroom.(我們拿了一串舊的燈，把它們纏在樹上，還有一個備用的星形樹冠，把這棵書樹點亮了。他很高興自己的臥室里有一棵圣誕樹)”可知，作者和他的兒子一起做準備，設法用書建造了一棵樹。故選D。【7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Icouldseethetreethroughthecrackinhisdoorlastnightashewassleeping,anditmademesmileeverytimeIwalkedpasthisbedroom.(昨晚他睡覺的時候，我從門縫里看到了那棵樹，每次經(jīng)過他的臥室，我都忍不住笑了)”可知，作者對于他和兒子一起制作的那棵樹很滿意，也就是對他們努力的成果很滿意。故選B。CThegreatSwisspsychologistJeanusedtolecturearoundtheworld,explaininghowchildren’smindsdevelopastheygetolder.OnceanAmericanasked,“ButProf.Jean,howcanwegetthemtodofaster?”Todayit’snolongerjustimpatientAmericanswhoassumethatfasterbrainandcognitive(認知的)developmentisbetter.Acrosstheglobe,bothparentsandpolicymakerseagerlypushpreschoolstobemorelikeschools.Awaveofnewresearchshows,however,thatthispictureisfartoosimple.In1998alandmarkseriesofstudieslookedatthelongtermeffectofAdverseChildhoodExperiences(ACEs)onchildren’sgrowingup.ACEsincludephysicaloremotionaloverlookorabuse,beingpoor,losingparent,violenceormental(精神的)illnessinthehome.Sincetheoriginalstudies,therehavebeenhundredsofsimilaronesdoneacrosstheworld.ItturnsoutthatACEsaredisastrouslycommon.AnewpaperbyDr.Mackey,publishedinNatureNeuroscienceReviews,alsoconcludesthat.ACEsseemtomakechildren’sbrainsgrowuptooquickly.Dr.Mackeysuggeststhatfrequentlyrepeatedbadexperiencesmayhavetheworstspeedingupeffect,whilemorevariedandunusualgoodexperiencesmaybeparticularlylikelytokeepthebrainopentolearning.Whywouldstressanddisastersmakeusgrowupfasterandarich,varied,nursingenvironmentmakeusgrowupmoreslowly?Oneinfluentialrecentideatakesofffromthebiologicalconceptof“l(fā)ifehistory”.Ananimal’slifehistoryincludeshowlongitlives,howmuchitinvestsinitsyoungandhowlongittakesthoseyoungtomature.A“l(fā)ivefast,dieyoung”lifehistorymakesmoredevelopmentalsensewhenresourcesarefewandlifeispredictablyhard.Inbrief,along,slowlifehistorygoeswithabig,smartbrain.Allofthisshouldbeabletorelievetheparents’worriesabout“theAmericanquestion”.Lovingyourchildrenandgivingthemspacetolearnandexploreismoreimportantthandesigningaparticularcurriculum(課程).8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.Americansareusuallysmarterthanothers.B.Americanbrainscienceisbetterdeveloped.C.Mostpeoplebelievedchildrenshouldskippreschools.D.Mostpeoplewishtodeveloptheirchildren’sbrainsfaster.9.WhatisDr.Mackey’sopinionaboutspeedingupchildren’sbrain?A.Itleadstoanearlydeath.B.Itmaycausepainfulproblems.C.Itisbeneficialtoacademiclearning.D.Itoriginatesfromunpleasantenvironment.10.Whatdoestheauthorfinallyadviseparentstodo?A.Pushpreschoolstobemorelikeschools.B.Putmiddle-highpressureontheirchildren.C.Givechildrencareandfreedomtolearnandexplore.D.Askteacherstodesignabundantcurriculaforchildren.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.LiveFast,DieYoungB.FasterDevelopment,BetterFutureC.AnAmericanQuestion,theWorld’sProblemD.ACEs,KeytoChildren’sBrains’Development【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在全球范圍內(nèi)，家長和政策制定者都急切地推動幼兒園更像學校，希望孩子更快地發(fā)展，但新的研究表明，這對大腦的發(fā)育而言并不是好事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Todayit’snolongerjustimpatientAmericanswhoassumethatfasterbrainandcognitive(認知的)developmentisbetter.Acrosstheglobe,bothparentsandpolicymakerseagerlypushpreschoolstobemorelikeschools.(今天，不再只有不耐煩的美國人認為大腦和認知發(fā)展越快越好。在全球范圍內(nèi)，家長和政策制定者都急切地推動幼兒園更像學校)”可推斷，很多家長都希望孩子大腦發(fā)育地更快。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Dr.Mackeysuggeststhatfrequentlyrepeatedbadexperiencesmayhavetheworstspeedingupeffect,whilemorevariedandunusualgoodexperiencesmaybeparticularlylikelytokeepthebrainopentolearning.(麥基博士認為，頻繁重復的糟糕經(jīng)歷可能有最糟糕的加速效應，而更多樣化和不尋常的好經(jīng)歷可能特別有可能讓大腦保持學習的開放)”可推斷，大腦加速發(fā)展會帶來痛苦的問題。故選B?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lovingyourchildrenandgivingthemspacetolearnandexploreismoreimportantthandesigningaparticularcurriculum(課程).(愛你的孩子，給他們學習和探索的空間比設計一個特定的課程更重要)”可知，作者建議父母要給孩子發(fā)展的自由。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Todayit’snolongerjustimpatientAmericanswhoassumethatfasterbrainandcognitive(認知的)developmentisbetter.Acrosstheglobe,bothparentsandpolicymakerseagerlypushpreschoolstobemorelikeschools.(今天，不再只有不耐煩的美國人認為大腦和認知發(fā)展越快越好。在全球范圍內(nèi)，家長和政策制定者都急切地推動幼兒園更像學校)”和最后一段“Allofthisshouldbeabletorelievetheparents’worriesabout“theAmericanquestion”.(這一切應該能夠緩解家長們對“美國問題”的擔憂)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了在全球范圍內(nèi)，家長和政策制定者都急切地推動幼兒園更像學校，希望孩子更快地發(fā)展，但新的研究表明，這對大腦的發(fā)育而言并不是好事。這雖然是美國家長提出的問題，卻是全球家長關心的問題。由此可知，“AnAmericanQuestion,theWorld’sProblem(美國的問題，世界的問題)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選C。DAmajorchallengeforfullyautonomousvehiclesisnavigatingbadweathersnowespecially.Averagingmorethan200inchesofsnoweverywinter,Michigan’sKeweenawPeninsulaistheperfectplacetopushautonomousvehicletechtoitslimits.IntwopaperspresentedatSPIEDefense+CommercialSensing2021,researchersfromMichiganTechnologicalUniversitydiscusssolutionsforsnowydrivingscenariosthatcouldhelpbringself-drivingoptionstosnowycitieslikeChicago,Detroit,MinneapolisandToronto.Justliketheweatherattimes,self-drivingisnotasunnyorsnowyyes-nodesignation(指定).Autonomousvehiclescoveraseriesoflevels,fromcarsalreadyonthemarketwithblindspotwarningsorbrakingassistance,tovehiclesthatcanswitchinandoutofself-drivingmodes,toothersthatcannavigateentirelyontheirown.Majorautomakersandresearchuniversitiesarestilltweakingself-drivingtechnology.Occasionallyaccidentsoccur,eitherduetoamisjudgmentbythecar’sartificialintelligence(AI)orahumandriver’smisuseofself-drivingfeatures.Humanshavesensors,too:ourscanningeyes,oursenseofbalanceandmovement,andtheprocessingpowerofourbrainhelpusunderstandourenvironment.Theseseeminglybasicinputsallowustodriveinvirtuallyeveryscenario,evenifitisnewtous,becausehumanbrainsaregoodatgeneralizingnewexperiences.Inautonomousvehicles,twocamerasscanandperceivedepthusingstereovisiontomimichumanvision,whilebalanceandmotioncanbegauged(計量)usingameasurementunit.Butcomputerscanonlyreacttosituationstheyhaveencounteredbeforeorbeenprogrammedtorecognize.Sinceartificialbrainsaren’taroundyet,task-specificartificialintelligence(AI)algorithms(計算)musttakethewheel.Fisheyecameraswidentheviewwhileothercamerasactmuchlikethehumaneye.Infrared(紅外線)picksupheatsignatures.Radarcanseethroughthefogandrain.“Allsnowisnotcreatedequal,”Bossaid,pointingoutthatthevarietyofsnowmakessensordetectionachallenge.“AIislikeachef--ifyouhavegoodingredients,therewillbeanexcellentmeal,”hesaid.12.Inwhataspectisself-drivingsimilartotheweather?A.Bothneedassistance.B.Bothgivewarnings.C.Bothextendtheirlimits.D.Bothhavedifferentlevels.13.Whatmightacomputerfailtodo?A.Generalizenewexperiences.B.Scantheunfamiliarenvironment.CHelpvehiclesachievebalance.D.Reacttosituationsfrommemory.14.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Artificialbrains.B.Fisheyecamerasincars.C.ApplicationsofAl.D.ThepowerofRadar.15.WhatdoesBoswanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.BadweatherdiscouragesapplicationsofAl.B.AIhasgreatpotentialtoimproveself-driving.C.AIcanhelpchefstomakewonderfulmeals.D.Badweatherposesachallengetosensordetection.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了自動駕駛汽車在雪天行駛困難，可以將人工智能應用到自動駕駛中；同時對比了在駕駛汽車的過程中，人工智能和人的區(qū)別。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Justliketheweatherattimes,self-drivingisnotasunnyorsnowyyes-nodesignation.Autonomousvehiclescoveraseriesoflevels,fromcarsalreadyonthemarketwithblindspotwarningsorbrakingassistance,tovehiclesthatcanswitchinandoutofself-drivingmodes,toothersthatcannavigateentirelyontheirown.(就像有時的天氣一樣，自動駕駛不是一個晴天或雪天的“是或否”的概念。自動駕駛汽車涵蓋了一系列級別，從已經(jīng)上市的帶有盲點警告或制動輔助的汽車，到可以切換到自動駕駛模式的汽車，再到其他可以完全自主導航的汽車。)”可知，自動駕駛和天氣一樣，都有不同的分級。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theseseeminglybasicinputsallowustodriveinvirtuallyeveryscenario,evenifitisnewtous,becausehumanbrainsaregoodatgeneralizingnewexperiences.Inautonomousvehicles,twocamerasscanandperceivedepthusingstereovisiontomimichumanvision,whilebalanceandmotioncanbegaugedusingameasurementunit.Butcomputerscanonlyreacttosituationstheyhaveencounteredbeforeorbeenprogrammedtorecognize.(這些看似基本的輸入讓我們能夠在幾乎所有情況下駕駛，即使這些情況對我們來說是新的，因為人類大腦擅長概括新體驗。在自動駕駛汽車中，兩個攝像頭使用立體視覺來掃描和感知深度以模仿人類視覺，使用測量單元來保持平衡和運動。但是計算機只能對它們以前遇到過的情況或被編程識別的情況作出反應。)”可知，人類有很強的概括總結能力，但計算機只能對它之前遇到過的情況做出反映。由此可知，電腦不能對新的經(jīng)歷進行總結，故選A項。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Sinceartificialbrainsaren'taroundyet,task-specificartificialintelligence(AI)algorithmsmusttakethewheel.Fisheyecameraswidentheviewwhileothercamerasactmuchlikethehumaneye.Infraredpicksupheatsignatures.Radarcanseethroughthefogandrain.(由于人工大腦還沒有出現(xiàn)，特定任務的人工智能算法必須發(fā)揮作用。魚眼相機擴大了視野，而其他相機的作用很像人眼。紅外線接收熱信號。雷達可以透過霧和雨觀察。)”可知，本段主要講了一些人工智能的應用，例如魚眼相機，紅外線，以及雷達。故選C項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Allsnowisnotcreatedequal,”Bossaid,pointingoutthatthevarietyofsnowmakessensordetectionachallenge.“AIislikeachef--ifyouhavegoodingredients,therewillbeanexcellentmeal,”hesaid.(“所有的雪都不是生來平等的，”Bos說，并指出雪的多樣性使傳感器檢測成為一項挑戰(zhàn)?！叭斯ぶ悄芫拖褚粋€廚師——如果你有好的食材，就會有一頓美味的飯菜，”他說。)”可知，雖然雪為傳感器檢測帶來了挑戰(zhàn)，但只要人們應用好人工智能，它也會為人類做出很大貢獻，由此可推知，人工智能在提高自動駕駛方面有很大潛力。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Findingtheperfectapartmentorhousetorentrequiresalotoftimeandresearch,sowe’reheretohelpmaketheprocessalittleeasierforyou!____16____It’sunderstandabletowantasmanyconveniencesaspossible,butit’simportanttorecognizewhichonesareessential.Ifyoucangiveinonsomeconveniences,suchasanoutsidepoolorwaterview,youmaybeabletofindahomeinabetterlocation,orclosertoyourfavoriteactivities.____17____,andforgetaboutalltheotherunimportantfactors.GettoknowtheneighborhoodsIfyou’refamiliarwiththecitywhereyou’relooking,youmayalreadyhaveagoodsenseofitsneighborhoods.Ifnot,itmakessensetogetfamiliarwithareasbyways.Lookatcrimemaps.____18____.Seekoutinformationinforums(論壇),andifyouhaveanyoneinyournetworkthatmightbeabletogiveyouthelocal’sperspectiveonaparticularneighborhood,askthemforinput.Decidewhatlocationisideal____19____?Doyouprefertheactivelifeinthecity?UsethesearchfeatureonHomes.comtoeasilysearchrentalsbypostcode,andtofindlistingsinnearbylocationstoensureyoudon’tmissyourdreamhomeinthelocationsthatbestfityourpersonality.KnowthelocalroutinesFormanyfamilies,rentingahomeistoprovidetheirchildrenwithstability.Insuchcases,landlordsmightoffera12-monthlease(租約)upfrontwiththepotentialforamulti-yearleaseuponrenewal.____20____.A.DecidewhichisimportantB.ReadreviewsonthelocalschoolsC.NoonewantstolivewithoutpeaceD.IstheschooldistrictthetopconcernE.WhatisimportanttoyouandyourfamilyF.Don’tgetcaughtupinallthebellsandwhistlesG.Thisgivesthemayeartolearnmoreabouttheirrenters【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.D20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章就如何可以租到適合自己的房子提出了建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Findingtheperfectapartmentorhousetorentrequiresalotoftimeandresearch,sowereheretohelpmaketheprocessalittleeasierforyou!(尋找完美的公寓或房子可以租需要很多時間和研究，所以我們在這里幫助讓這個過程更容易為您！)”可知，接下來就租合適的房子給出建議。該句是段落小標題，應該是一條建議，多為祈使句并能概括下一段重點，結合下文“It’sunderstandabletowantasmanyconveniencesaspossible,butit’simportanttorecognizewhichonesareessential.(想要盡可能多的方便是可以理解的，但重要的是要認識到哪些是必要的)”可知，這一段在講，什么是對你來說最重要的，其中essential為關鍵詞。A項內(nèi)容“Decidewhichisimportant(決定哪個是重要的)”與下文契合，important和essential近義詞呼應。故選A項?！?7題詳解】小標題“Decidewhichisimportant(決定哪個是重要的)”，該題作為段末句應呼應小標題，并契合下一句“andforgetaboutalltheotherunimportantfactors.(忘記其他所有不重要的因素)”，F(xiàn)項內(nèi)容“Don’tgetcaughtupinallthebellsandwhistles(不要被那些花哨的東西所迷惑)”符合，其中allthebellsandwhistles是習語，意為“花里胡哨，華而不實，不重要的東西”，與下文中的unimportantfactors意義一致，都表示不重要的要忽略。F項最符合語境。故選F項?！?8題詳解】本段小標題“Gettoknowtheneighborhoods(了解周圍的環(huán)境)”建議，租房前了解周邊環(huán)境，學校當然是一個社區(qū)環(huán)境的重要組成，B項“Readreviewsonthelocalschools(閱讀對當?shù)貙W校的評論)”建議了解一下附近學校的情況，符合本段主旨。故選B項?！?9題詳解】由本段小標題“Decidewhatlocationisideal(決定什么位置是理想的)”可知，本段主要著眼于地理位置的要求，根據(jù)該小題標點符合及下一句可知，此處應該是一個問句，且強調(diào)考慮地理位置的某個因素，D項內(nèi)容“Istheschooldistrictthetopconcern(學區(qū)是最受關注的嗎?)”符合。故選D項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Formanyfamilies,rentingahomeistoprovidetheirchildrenwithstability.Insuchcases,landlordsmightoffera12-monthlease(租約)upfrontwiththepotentialforamulti-yearleaseuponrenewal.(對許多家庭來說，租房是為了給孩子提供穩(wěn)定的生活。在這種情況下，房東可能會提前提供12個月的租約，續(xù)簽后可能會提供多年租約)”可知，房東先與租戶簽約一年，之后合適有可能會續(xù)約多年，所以空處應該是承接上文，指出這樣做的好處，G項“Thisgivesthemayeartolearnmoreabouttheirrenters(這給了他們一年的時間去了解他們的租客)”符合，如果相互了解續(xù)約長期租住，孩子就有了穩(wěn)定的家，不用總搬家，也契合段落首句。故選G項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Adisabledteenagerisbeingsentreplacementsofherfavouritetoyfromstrangersaroundtheworldafterhersbegantobreak.JosieWheel___21___amessageonTwitteraskingforhelpfindingaspecificmodelofthetoywhichhersisterRosiehad___22___sincehersecondbirthday.Theyarenolongermadeandwe’re___23___onesthatwork,shesaidinthemessage.MsWheeldescribedthe___24___tothemessageasheartwarming.HersisterRosie,15,hasmultiplelearningdisabilitiesandwouldbereally___25___toseethenewtoys.TheVtechLightUpLearningBughadstoppedbeing___26___bythecompanynearlyadecadeago.“Rosie’scurrentworkingladybugbrokeyesterdaysointheeffortstofixoneofourbroken15,wethoughtwe’dgivesocialmediaa(n)___27___"saidthe18-year-old,“Wenever___28___theresponsetobesohuge.”“It’sreallyheartwarmingthatsomanypeopleareso___29___tohelp,eventhoughtheyknownothingaboutRosieandoutofthe___30___oftheirhearttheyjustwanttohelp.”Shesaidabout15replacementshadsofarbeen___31___butpeoplewerestillcomingforward.Peoplehadalso___32___tofixthebrokentoysaftertheybegantobreakaftersomuchusage.“Shedoesn’tcompletelyunderstandeverythingthat'sgoingon,duetoher___33___,butwhenshecan___34___seeallofthemshewillbereallyexcited,”MsWheeladded.LorraineWheel,thegirls’mother,added:Josieandhersisterhavethestrongest___35___andJosiewilldoanythingtomakesurethatRosieisthehappiestgirlever.21.A.received B.posted C.announced D.exchanged22.A.expected B.broken C.loved D.planned23.A.runningoutof B.puttingupwith C.lookingoutfor D.gettingridof24.A.solution B.response C.attitude D.access25.A.shocked B.embarrassed C.excited D.relieved26.A.advertised B.displayed C.upgraded D.sold27.A.try B.order C.practice D.honor28.A.wanted B.urged C.believed D.expected29.A.hesitant B.determined C.puzzled D.careful30.A.goodness B.curiosity C.patience D.equality31.A.produced B.promoted C.protected D.promised32.A.preferred B.chosen C.offered D.pretended33.A.age B.quality C.environment D.condition34.A.physically B.mentally C.emotionally D.spiritually35.A.sense B.duty C.bond D.belief【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。一名殘疾少女最喜歡的玩具壞了，姐姐在推特發(fā)消息求助后，得到世界各地的陌生人給她寄來了替換玩具?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：喬西·威爾在推特上發(fā)了一條信息，請大家?guī)兔φ乙粋€特定型號的玩具，她的妹妹羅西從兩歲生日起就喜歡上了這個玩具。A.received收到；B.posted發(fā)布；C.announced宣布；D.exchanged交換。根據(jù)“amessageonTwitteraskingforhelp”可知，這是發(fā)布消息。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：喬西·威爾在推特上發(fā)了一條信息，請大家?guī)兔φ乙粋€特定型號的玩具，她的妹妹羅西從兩歲生日起就喜歡上了這個玩具。A.expected期待；B.broken破壞；C.loved熱愛；D.planned計劃。根據(jù)“Adisabledteenagerisbeingsentreplacementsofherfavouritetoy”可知，這是她最愛的玩具。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她在消息中說：“他們已經(jīng)停產(chǎn)了，我們已經(jīng)沒有可用的了。”A.runningoutof用完；B.puttingupwith忍受；C.lookingoutfor提防，留意找；D.gettingridof除掉。根據(jù)“askingforhelpfindingaspecificmodelofthetoywhichhersisterRosiehad2sincehersecondbirthday.”可知，因為這款玩具停產(chǎn)他們也沒有可用的所以才在推特上求助，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沃爾女士稱對這條消息的回應令人感動。A.solution解決方案；B.response回應；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.access接觸、通向。根據(jù)“tothemessageasheartwarming.”以及“Wenever8theresponsetobesohuge.”可知，大家對這個消息的回應。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的妹妹羅西，15歲，有多重學習障礙，看到這些新玩具會非常興奮。A.shocked驚訝的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.excited興奮的；D.relieved如釋重負的。根據(jù)“seethenewtoys.”可知，羅西最喜歡的玩具壞了，所以看到新玩具會很興奮。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司在近10年前就停止銷售VtechLightUpLearningBug。A.advertised登廣告；B.displayed展示；C.upgraded升級；D.sold出售。根據(jù)“Theyarenolongermade”可知，公司已經(jīng)停止銷售。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位18歲的女孩說：“羅西目前正在工作的瓢蟲昨天壞了，所以為了修復我們的15只壞瓢蟲中的一只，我們想我們應該嘗試一下社交媒體。A.try嘗試；B.order命令；C.practice練習；D.honor榮譽。根據(jù)“JosieWheel1amessageonTwitteraskingforhelpfindingaspecificmodelofthetoywhichhersisterRosiehad2sincehersecondbirthday.”可知，這是嘗試社交媒體求助。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們從來沒有想到反響會這么大。A.wanted想要；B.urged催促C.believed相信；D.expected期待。根據(jù)“It’sreallyheartwarmingthatsomanypeopleareso9tohelp,”可知，得到這么多人的幫助，這是出乎意料的事，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這么多人下定決心要幫助羅西，這真的很暖心，盡管他們對羅西一無所知，出于好心，他們只是想幫助她?！盇.hesitant猶豫的；B.determined有決心的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.careful小心的。根據(jù)“Shesaidabout15replacementshadsofarbeen11butpeoplewerestillcomingforward.”可知，大家?guī)椭臎Q心。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這么多人下定決心要幫助羅西，這真的很暖心，盡管他們對羅西一無所知，出于好心，他們只是想幫助她。”A.goodness善良；B.curiosity好奇心；C.patience耐心；D.equality公平。根據(jù)“theyjustwanttohelp.”可知，出于好心幫助。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她表示，到目前為止，已經(jīng)承諾了約15名替代人選，但仍有人主動提出。A.produced生產(chǎn)；B.promoted提升；C.protected保護；D.promised答應。根據(jù)“butpeoplewerestillcomingforward.”可知，這都是大家答應給予幫助。故選D。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人們還主動提出修理破損的玩具，因為這些玩具使用太久，開始出現(xiàn)故障。A.preferred更喜歡；B.chosen選擇；C.offered提供；D.pretended假裝。根據(jù)“It’sreallyheartwarmingthatsomanypeopleareso9tohelp”可知，大家主動提供幫助。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“由于她的身體狀況，她不能完全理解發(fā)生的一切，但當她能親眼看到他們所有人，她會非常興奮?！盇.age年齡；B.quality品質；C.environment環(huán)境；D.condition條件。根據(jù)“HersisterRosie,15,hasmultiplelearningdisabilitiesandwouldbereally5toseethenewtoys.”可知，羅西身體狀況不好。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“由于她的身體狀況，她不能完全理解發(fā)生的一切，但當她能親眼看到他們所有人，她會非常興奮?！盇.physically身體地、親自地；B.mentally頭腦地；C.emotionally情感地；D.spiritually精神地。根據(jù)“Shedoesn’tcompletelyunderstandeverythingthat'sgoingon,”可知，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：女孩們的母親洛林·韋爾補充說：喬西和姐姐之間的感情最深厚，喬西會不惜一切代價讓羅西成為最快樂的女孩。A.sense感官；B.duty職責；C.bond維系；D.belief信念。根據(jù)“JosiewilldoanythingtomakesurethatRosieisthehappiestgirlever.”可知，兩人感情最深。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneofthebest-preservedfossils(化石)yetdiscoveredhasrevealedthattheyoungdinosaurusedthesametechniqueasbabybirds___36___(break)outofitsshell.Thefossil,namedBabyYingliang,wasfoundinsoutheastChinaand___37___(belong)toagroupoffeathereddinosaurs.Anditprovidesthefirstclearevidence___38___dinosaurs’assumedposturesremindusofmodernbirdsasthetimeapproachedforthemtohatch.Sincethe1990sscientists___39___(discover)manymoreconnectionsbetweenbirdsandthedinosaurs.However,thepostureofBabyYinglianginside___40___(it)17cmegghadnotbeenseenpreviously.Thecreatureisfoldedover,withitsheadrestingbetweenitslegsandits