高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省寧波市寧波九校2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題1.5分）下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitafriend. B.PickupMillie. C.Buysomecrayons.【答案】C【原文】M:Millieneedssomecrayonsforherartclassatschool.Wecanstopbyastoreonourwayhome.W:Let’sgotoBrowns.It’sjustonthestreetcorner.M:Soundsfantastic.2.Whereprobablyarethespeakers?A.Atabusstop. B.Inacinema. C.Inaconcerthall.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatagreatnight!IfeelthatIhaven’tbeensodelightedsincewewenttotheconcerthalfayearago.M:Yeah!Themovietonightisamazing!W:Weshouldgoouttogethermoreoften.Herecomesthebus.Let’sgetonnow.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattobuy. B.Whentogather. C.Whotoinvite.【答案】A【原文】W:EasterDayiscoming.Weneedsomethingstocelebrate.M:Hmm...thesameaslastyear?W:Almost.Butthisyear,IwanttothrowapartyonSunday.So,somepartysuppliesareneeded,suchasballoons,drinks,biscuits,andsoon.Andmostimportantly,sometoys.4.Whoarethespeakers?A.Abossandasecretary.B.Asalespersonandacustomer.C.Aninterviewerandaninterviewee.【答案】C【原文】W:Whatareyourexpectationsforthisjob?M:Well,I’minterestedinthispositionbecauseI’msureIwillmakeachievementsinashorttime.W:Haveyouhadanyexperienceinfinance?M:Yes.OneyearatMorganStanley.5.Whatmadethewomandissatisfiedwiththehotel?A.Itwastoocrowded. B.Itprovidedfewdishes. C.Itwastoofarfromthelake.【答案】A【原文】M:Sohowwasyourtriptothelake?W:Itwasn’tgood.Exceptfortherainyweather,thehotelnearthelakewaspacked.Icouldn’tfindaseatforbreakfasteverymorning.Butit’sworthmentioningthedishestasteddelicious.M:Well,it’sthetouristseason.That’swhyIdecidednottotravelfar.第二節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題1.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatmakestheboyupset?A.Hecan’tgoforapicnic. B.Heistiredofstayingindoors. C.Hefindsonlineclassesdifficult.7.Whenwillthespeakersgoshopping?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】W:Youhavebeensoquietlately.Apennyforyourthoughts!M:Well,nothingserious,Mom.Iamjustfedupwithstayingathomeforsuchalongtime.W:Ah,yes.Youmustbelongingtotravelaround.M:Exactly.ButIcan’ttravelfarduetomyonlineclassschedule.W:Hmm,wecanhaveapicnicinthenearestpark.Whatdoyouthinkofit?M:Thatsoundsfun.Wecanmakesomedessertsanddrinksourselves.W:Yes.Wecanbuytheingredientsweneedinthesupermarket.HowaboutwetakealookaroundthesupermarketonFriday?M:IhaveaclassonFridaynight.HowaboutSaturday?W:Sure.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toofferhimhelp. B.Togethercarcharged. C.Todealwithacomplaint.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofelectriccars?A.They’reinconvenient. B.They’reheavy. C.They’redangerous.10.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.Buyagasolinecar. B.Meetthewomannextweek.C.Lookforinformationonline.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【原文】W:Hi,Pete.Susantoldmethatyou’rebuyingacar.Whydidn’tyoucallme?Didn’tyouknowIworkincarsales?M:Yes,yes,Iknow.ButIdon’twanttobeabother.W:Comeon!Tellme,whatkindofcardoyouprefer?M:Honestly,Ihavenoidea.Manyofmycolleaguesrecommendelectriccars.Iknowifelectriccarsrunoutofpower,Iwillhavetofindpublicchargingstations.ButI’vefoundtherearenotmanystationsinourcity.W:Yes.Youhavetochargeyourcarinadvance.Generallyspeaking,electriccarsareheavierthangasolinecars.M:It’ssaidthatinacollision,driversofaheavyvehiclewill,onaverage,sufferfewerseriousinjuriesthanthoseofalightvehicle.Isthattrue?W:Well,itdepends.Hey,whydon’tyoucometomyworkplacenextMonday?I’llhelpyouchoose.M:Really?Thankyousomuch.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WhatisthemainreasonforMark’splantorunaMexicanrestaurant?A.HelovesMexicanfood.B.Hedreamsofbecomingachef.C.Hewantsthelocalstotrydifferentdishes.12.Whatdidthewomandooneyearago?A.ShetraveledwithMark.B.Sheformedaneweatinghabit.C.SheenjoyedspicyfoodinMexico.13.WhatisspecialaboutMark’srestaurant?A.Itsfoodsareallspicy. B.IthasaMexicancook. C.Itoffersoriginaldishes.【答案】11.C12.C13.C【原文】W:Mark,I’veheardyouwillopenaMexicanrestaurantintown.IsitbecauseyougrewtolovethefoodinMexicowhileyouworkedthere?M:Yes,thisissurelyoneofthereasons.Butmostimportantly,I’mlongingtoexposethepeoplehereinmyhometowntosomereallydeliciousforeignfood.W:It’sbrilliant.IvisitedMexicoayearago.Ifoundmanyofthedishesthereareveryspicyandreallytomytaste.However,peopleheremaynotbeverykeenonspicyfood.M:You’reright.AsfarasIknow,notallofthefoodisspicy.That’swhymyrestaurantwillmainlyofferdishesthatarenotspicy.W:Whataboutasmallnumberofpeoplewholikespicyfood?M:Ofcourse,IamplanningtooffertraditionalMexicanfoodforthecuriousandtheadventurous.Furthermore,I’veinventedmanynewdishesthatcombinethelocaldisheswithMexicantraditionaldishes,whichisdifferentfromotherMexicanrestaurants.W:That’sgreat.Ican’twaittotrythemoutatyourrestaurant.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whydoesthemanwanttothrowaparty?A.Toattractinvestment.B.Toexpressgratitudetoaclient.C.Tocelebratethecompany’sanniversary.15.Howlongisthepartysupposedtolast?A.Fortwohours. B.Foroneandahalfhours. C.Fortwoandahalfhours.16.Whowillprovidefoodfortheparty?A.Ahotel. B.Arestaurant. C.Allparticipants.17.Whichpartofthepartywillbetotallydecidedbythewoman?A.Thedate. B.Theguestlist. C.Theentertainment.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.C【原文】M:Bella,couldyoucometomyoffice,please?W:Rightaway,sir!WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Asyoumayknow,nextmonthitwillbetenyearssincewehadourfirstclient,Mr.Lawson.Heisnotonlyourmostloyalcustomer,butalsoourinvestorinthebeginning.SoIwouldliketohostapartyinhishonor.W:Whataniceidea!Doyouhaveanythinginparticularinmind?M:First,aboutthevenue,I’dlikeyoutofindareallynicehotel.ThepartywillbeheldonMarch15th,sopleasecallthehotelsandtrytoarrangeforahallfrom7:00to9:30intheevening.W:Gotit,sir.WhatelsecouldIdo?M:AsfarasIknow,Mr.LawsonlikesJapanesecuisine.RemembertofindthebestJapaneserestaurantandaskthemtobringthefoodtothevenue.Imightwantsomekindofentertainmentaswell,butIstillhaven’tdecidedonthat.Iwouldlikeyoutotakecareofthispart.W:Okay,sir.Iwillstartthinkingaboutitrightnow.M:Thankyou,Bella.Pleasedoletmeknowonceyouhaveallthosearranged.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.WherewasDavidborn?A.InWashington. B.InCalifornia. C.InNewYork.19.WhatwasthefirstpicturebookcompletelycreatedbyDavid?A.No,David!B.HowManySpotsDoesaJaguarHave?C.HowGeorgieRadbournSavedBaseball.20.WhomadethegreatestcontributiontoDavid’scareer?A.Hisfather. B.Hismother. C.Hisgrandmother.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【原文】Hello,everybody.TodayI’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutDavidShannon.Davidwasbornin1959andgrewupinSpokane,Washington.Hehaslikedbaseballanddrawingsincehewasachild.Likechildrennowadays,schooltextbookswerehisdrawingpaper.Fromjuniorhighschool,Davidknewthathewantedtobeanartistwhocouldplaybaseball.HechosetheArtCenterCollegeofDesigninCalifornia.Afterobtainingadegreeinfineart,hewenttoNewYork,wherehecontinuedtopainthisillustrations.HefirstpaintedsomepoliticallycoloredillustrationsforNewYorkTimes,TimeandRollingStone.Later,bychance,hedrewillustrationsforJuliusLester’sHowManySpotsDoesaJaguarHave?ThisbookwonNewberyMedal.In1994,DavidcreatedHowGeorgieRadbournSavedBaseball,whichwasthefirstbookhecompletedindependently.AnditwasthebestpicturebookoftheyearinNewYorkTimes.David’sdadalsopaintspicturesformedicalbooks,andhisgrandmaisadesigneroffashionbags.Overall,David’smomhasthegreatestinfluenceonhiscreation.Shelikedtosaveherson’schildhoodpaintings.ShesentthosechildishpicturestoDavid,unexpectedlyinspiringhimtocreateNo,David!Thispicturebookwonhiminstantfameandmanyawards.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AGlobalYouthSummit2025-CallforDelegatesTheUnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicandSocialAffairs(UNDESA)invitesapplicantsaged18-25toparticipateinthe10thAnnualGlobalYouthSummitinGeneva,Switzerland.Thisyear’stheme,“InnovationforSustainableCities”,focusesonyouth-ledsolutionstourbanenvironmentalchallenges.ProgramHighlights:·Fullyfunded(coversairfare,accommodation,andmeals)for50selecteddelegatesfromdevelopingcountries.·Partialscholarshipsavailableforparticipantsfromdevelopednations(covers50%ofcosts).·Pre-SummitTraining(July1-5,2025):Onlineworkshopsonpublicspeakingandprojectdesign.QualificationRequirements:·Age18-25(byJune1,2025)·FluencyinEnglish(IELTS6.5/TOEFL90orequivalent)·Priorexperienceincommunityprojectsrelatedtosustainability.ApplicationProcess:·Submittheonlineapplicationform(includea500-wordessayon“ALocalUrbanSustainabilityIssueandYourProposedSolution”).·Providetworeferenceletters(oneacademic,onefromaprojectsupervisor).·Deadline:March15,2025.Latesubmissionswillnotbeconsidered.Post-SummitCommitment:Delegatesmustimplementalocalsustainabilityprojectwithin6monthsandsubmitareporttoUNDESA.21.Whoisqualifiedforfullfinancialsupport?A.A22-year-oldfromKenyawithTOEFL95.B.A20-year-oldfromCanadawithIELTS7.0.C.A24-year-oldfromJapanwithnopriorexperience.D.A17-year-oldfromIndiawithcommunityprojectexperience.22.Whatmustallapplicantsprovide?A.Aprojectreport. B.Avideointroduction.C.Tworeferenceletters. D.Proofofuniversityenrollment.23.Whatisimpliedaboutpost-summitrequirements?A.Reportscanbesubmittedatanytime. B.Onlyselectedcountriesneedtosubmitreports.C.Delegatesmustapplytheirknowledgelocally. D.Delegatesmayignorethemwithoutconsequences.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了2025全球青年峰會(huì)招募代表的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramHighlights部分“Fullyfunded(coversairfare,accommodation,andmeals)for50selecteddelegatesfromdevelopingcountries.(為來(lái)自發(fā)展中國(guó)家的50名選定代表提供全額資助（涵蓋機(jī)票、住宿和餐飲）)”以及QualificationRequirements部分“Age18-25(byJune1,2025)(年齡在18-25歲（截至2025年6月1日）)”、“FluencyinEnglish(IELTS6.5/TOEFL90orequivalent)(英語(yǔ)流利（雅思6.5/托福90或同等水平）)”、“Priorexperienceincommunityprojectsrelatedtosustainability.(有與可持續(xù)發(fā)展相關(guān)的社區(qū)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)驗(yàn))”。A選項(xiàng)中來(lái)自肯尼亞（發(fā)展中國(guó)家）的22歲學(xué)生，托福95分，符合年齡、英語(yǔ)水平和相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求，所以能獲得全額資助。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApplicationProcess部分“Providetworeferenceletters(oneacademic,onefromaprojectsupervisor).(提供兩封推薦信（一封學(xué)術(shù)推薦信，一封來(lái)自項(xiàng)目主管）)”可知，所有申請(qǐng)者都必須提供兩封推薦信。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Post-SummitCommitment部分“Delegatesmustimplementalocalsustainabilityprojectwithin6monthsandsubmitareporttoUNDESA.(代表們必須在6個(gè)月內(nèi)實(shí)施一個(gè)本地可持續(xù)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目，并向聯(lián)合國(guó)經(jīng)社部提交報(bào)告)”可知，代表們必須將所學(xué)知識(shí)應(yīng)用到當(dāng)?shù)仨?xiàng)目中，即必須在當(dāng)?shù)貞?yīng)用他們的知識(shí)。故選C。BAtage15,ZhaoYichenghastakenthespeedclimbingcommunitybystormfollowinghistwostunningclimbsof4.68and4.65seconds—unofficiallyfasterthanUSathleteSamWatson’s4.74-secondworldrecordsetatlastyear’sParisOlympics.Zhao’srecord-breakingmomenthappenedduringatrialeventforChina’snationalteamonMarch26.SincetheeventwasnotapprovedbytheInternationalFederationofSportClimbing(IFSC),hisachievementwasnotofficiallyrecognized.Nevertheless,evidentlyZhaohasemergedasoneofChina’smostpromisingspeedclimbers.Bornin2009inSuzhou,Zhao’sjourneywithspeedclimbingbeganatage5,whenafrienddraggedhimtoaclimbinggym.Whatstartedasaweeklyhobbysoonoccupiedhisweekends.By9,hehadalreadywonmedalsatmultipleyouthevents.Afterwinningthe2023IFSCYouthWorldChampionshipsinSeoul,SouthKorea,Zhaohadtochoosebetweenschoolandsports.Atthattime,hewasatopmiddleschoolstudent,buthechosetodedicatefourtoeightyearstospeedclimbingtoseehowfarhecouldgo.InSeptember2023,ZhaojoinedtheShanghaispeedclimbingteam.Duringthe2023-24wintercamp,histimesimprovedfrom5.4secondsto4.99,reachingthe“sub-five”milestone.Hekeptthatstrongmomentuminthe2024season,clocking4.93secondstowinthenationalspeedclimbingchampionshipsinSeptember.Zhaocreditshisquickprogresstoscientifictrainingandactivethinking.Afterhisfirstwintertrainingcampwiththenationalteam,heemergedtransformed.“Theteam’senvironmentpushedmetotrainsmarter.Thenation’sbestclimbersarehere,andeverysessiondemandsyourabsolutebest,”saidZhao.Betweentrainingsessions,Zhaoreadshistorybooks,sci-fistories,andabiographyofbasketballlegendKobeBryant.Whenhecan’tsleep,hewatchesclimbingvideostostudyothers’movements.“Climbingisn’tjustphysical.It’samentalgame.Withoutactivethinking,youcan’treachthetoplevelinanysport,”Zhaosaid.Fornow,agerulesstopZhaofromcompetingininternationalevents,butheseesthedelayasanopportunitytoimprovehisperformance.“Nextyear,I’llcompeteinternationallyinpeakformtostriveforhonorformycountry,”hetoldXinhua.24.WhywereZhaoYicheng’srecord-breakingclimbsnotofficiallyrecognized?A.BecausetheeventwasnotadmittedbytheIFSC.B.Becausehewastooyoungtoqualifyforworldrecords.C.BecausehistimeswereslowerthanSamWatson’srecord.D.Becausehecompetedinanationalchampionshipinstead.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutZhao’sdecisiontofocusonspeedclimbingoverschool?A.Hewantedtobreakrecordsimmediately.B.Heprioritizedhispassiondespitebeingatopstudent.C.Hisfamilypressuredhimtopursuesportsprofessionally.D.Hestruggledacademicallyandneededanalternativepath.26.WhatcontributetoZhao’srapidimprovementinspeedclimbing?A.Naturaltalentandearlytraining. B.Supportfromhisschoolteachers.C.Internationalcompetitionexperience. D.Scientifictrainingandmentaldiscipline.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeZhaoYicheng?A.committedandambitious B.hardworkingandcreativeC.talentedandself-disciplined D.courageousandstrong-willed【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了15歲攀巖新星趙一程的成長(zhǎng)與成就。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SincetheeventwasnotapprovedbytheInternationalFederationofSportClimbing(IFSC),hisachievementwasnotofficiallyrecognized.(由于該賽事未得到國(guó)際運(yùn)動(dòng)攀巖聯(lián)合會(huì)（IFSC）的批準(zhǔn)，他的成績(jī)未得到官方認(rèn)可)”可知，趙一程的破紀(jì)錄攀爬未得到官方認(rèn)可是因?yàn)橘愂挛吹玫絿?guó)際運(yùn)動(dòng)攀巖聯(lián)合會(huì)批準(zhǔn)。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Atthattime,hewasatopmiddleschoolstudent,buthechosetodedicatefourtoeightyearstospeedclimbingtoseehowfarhecouldgo.(當(dāng)時(shí)，他是一名頂尖的中學(xué)生，但他選擇花4到8年時(shí)間專注于速度攀巖，看看自己能走多遠(yuǎn))”可知，盡管趙一程是頂尖學(xué)生，但他仍選擇專注于速度攀巖，說(shuō)明他更重視自己的熱情。故選B?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Zhaocreditshisquickprogresstoscientifictrainingandactivethinking.(趙一程將自己的快速進(jìn)步歸功于科學(xué)訓(xùn)練和積極思考)”可知，科學(xué)訓(xùn)練和積極思考（即心理紀(jì)律）促成了趙一程在速度攀巖方面的快速進(jìn)步。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Atthattime,hewasatopmiddleschoolstudent,buthechosetodedicatefourtoeightyearstospeedclimbingtoseehowfarhecouldgo.(當(dāng)時(shí)，他是一名頂尖的中學(xué)生，但他選擇花4到8年時(shí)間專注于速度攀巖，看看自己能走多遠(yuǎn))”以及最后一段中“Nextyear,I’llcompeteinternationallyinpeakformtostriveforhonorformycountry(明年，我將以最佳狀態(tài)參加國(guó)際比賽，為國(guó)家爭(zhēng)光)”可知，趙一程有決心專注于攀巖，并且有雄心為國(guó)家爭(zhēng)光。故選A。CACooper’shawk(鷹)inNewJerseyhasbeenobservedusingasmarturbanhuntingstrategy—usingtrafficsignalsandparkedcarsascovertohuntprey.ZoologistVladimirDinetsfirstnoticedtheyoungraptorataWestOrangecrossingwhensendinghisdaughtertoschool.Overseveraldays,hedocumenteditsuniquetechnique:thehawkwouldwaitforthepedestriancrossingsoundbeforelaunchingattacks.“Itemergedfromthatsmalltree,flewverylowabovethesidewalkalongthelineofcars,madeasharpturn,crossedthestreetbetweenthecars,anddoveontosomethingnearoneofthehouses,”DinetsdescribedinFrontiersinEthology.Thetargetedhousehadresidentswhofrequentlydinedoutdoors,leavingfoodscrapsthatattractedsparrowsanddoves—thehawk’sprey.Cooper’shawksarenaturallystealthyforesthunters,butthisindividualadapteditsstrategiestotheurbanenvironment.Dinetsconducted18observationsthatwinter,notingthehawkonlyhuntedwhenspecificconditionsweremet:thepedestriansignalsounded,creatingalonglineofwaitingcarsforcover.“Theprobabilityofthathappeningbychancewasveryclosetozero,”DinetstoldScienceAlert.Onweekendswithouttrafficorrainydayswhennobirdsgathered,thehawkdidn’thunt.Thepredator’sstrategydemonstratedremarkableforesight.“Thesoundsignalmeantthattheredlightwouldlastlonger,sothequeueofcarswouldprovidecoverfortheentireapproach,”Dinetsexplained.Thehawkwouldflylowbehindvehicles,makea90-degreeturn,andstrikefeedingflocks.ThoughDinetsrarelysawthekills,heoncewitnessedthehawkcarryingasparrowandanothertimeeatingadove.“Thisshowstheabilitytounderstandconnectionsbetweeneventsandtoplanahead,”Dinetssaid.“Theyhaveamentalmapoftheirhuntingareaandknowitintimately.”Fewscientificobservationscapturesuchcomplexraptorbehavior,aswildhawksaredifficulttostudy.Dinetsemphasizedthecognitivedemandsofurbansurvival:“Acityisadangeroushabitatforalargeraptor...theymanagetothrivethere,atleastinpart,bybeingverysmart.”28.Whydidthehawktargettheareanearthehousementionedinthetext?A.Becausecarsparkedtherenevermoved.B.Becausetheresidentsdeliberatelyfedwildbirds.C.Becausethetreesthereprovidedperfecthidingspots.D.Becausefoodremainsleftoutsideattractedsmallerbirds.29.Onwhatconditionswouldthehawkmostprobablylaunchattacks?A.Whencarswerewaitinginalineonrainydays.B.Whenpedestrianscrossedtheroadwithlighttraffic.C.Whenmanybirdsgatheredinatreeacrossthestreet.D.Whenthepedestriansignalssoundedonsunnyweekdays.30.Whatdoesthehawk’sspecifichuntingstrategysuggest?A.Itcannothuntwithouthumanassistance.B.Itusesthenoisetoscarepreyintotheopenair.C.Itconnectsthesoundsignalwithidealhuntingconditions.D.Itregardsthepedestriancrossingsoundasasignalforhunting.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthearticle?A.Hawksareforcedtohuntinurbanareas B.RaptorsadapthuntingskillstourbansettingsC.Trafficsignalschangehawks’huntingstrategy D.Humanbehaviordisruptswildlife’slivinghabits【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一只庫(kù)珀鷹利用交通信號(hào)和停放的車輛作為掩護(hù)，適應(yīng)城市環(huán)境進(jìn)行狩獵?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetargetedhousehadresidentswhofrequentlydinedoutdoors,leavingfoodscrapsthatattractedsparrowsanddoves—thehawk’sprey.(這所目標(biāo)房屋的居民經(jīng)常在戶外用餐，留下吸引麻雀和鴿子的食物殘?jiān)?，而麻雀和鴿子正是鷹的獵物)”可知，鷹瞄準(zhǔn)了房子附近的區(qū)域是因?yàn)橥饷媪粝碌氖澄餁堅(jiān)溯^小的鳥(niǎo)類。故選D?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Dinetsconducted18observationsthatwinter,notingthehawkonlyhuntedwhenspecificconditionsweremet:thepedestriansignalsounded,creatingalonglineofwaitingcarsforcover.(Dinets在那個(gè)冬天進(jìn)行了18次觀察，注意到鷹只在滿足特定條件時(shí)才捕獵：行人信號(hào)響起，形成一長(zhǎng)排等待的汽車作為掩護(hù))”以及“Onweekendswithouttrafficorrainydayswhennobirdsgathered,thehawkdidn’thunt.(在沒(méi)有交通的周末或沒(méi)有鳥(niǎo)聚集的雨天，鷹不會(huì)捕獵)”可知，鷹最有可能在陽(yáng)光明媚的工作日行人信號(hào)響起時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thepredator’sstrategydemonstratedremarkableforesight.“Thesoundsignalmeantthattheredlightwouldlastlonger,sothequeueofcarswouldprovidecoverfortheentireapproach,”Dinetsexplained.Thehawkwouldflylowbehindvehicles,makea90-degreeturn,andstrikefeedingflocks.(捕食者的策略顯示出非凡的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)。迪內(nèi)茨解釋說(shuō)：“聲音信號(hào)意味著紅燈會(huì)持續(xù)更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，這樣排成一隊(duì)的汽車就可以為整個(gè)過(guò)程提供掩護(hù)?！柄棔?huì)在車輛后面低飛，做一個(gè)90度的大轉(zhuǎn)彎，襲擊正在覓食的鳥(niǎo)群)”可知，鷹的具體狩獵策略表明它將聲音信號(hào)與理想的狩獵條件聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選C?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ACooper’shawk(鷹)inNewJerseyhasbeenobservedusingasmarturbanhuntingstrategy—usingtrafficsignalsandparkedcarsascovertohuntprey.(在新澤西州，有人觀察到一只庫(kù)珀鷹使用了一種聰明的城市狩獵策略——利用交通信號(hào)和停放的車輛作為掩護(hù)來(lái)捕獵獵物)”以及最后一段中“Dinetsemphasizedthecognitivedemandsofurbansurvival:“Acityisadangeroushabitatforalargeraptor...theymanagetothrivethere,atleastinpart,bybeingverysmart.”(Dinets強(qiáng)調(diào)了城市生存的認(rèn)知需求：“城市對(duì)大型猛禽來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的棲息地……它們至少在一定程度上是通過(guò)非常聰明而在那里茁壯成長(zhǎng)的?！?”可知，文章主要講述了一只庫(kù)珀鷹適應(yīng)城市環(huán)境，利用交通信號(hào)和停放的車輛作為掩護(hù)進(jìn)行狩獵，這展示了猛禽對(duì)城市環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力。因此，B選項(xiàng)“猛禽適應(yīng)城市環(huán)境的狩獵技能”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DAnewstudysuggeststhat20minutesofsunlightbeforewakingcanhelpfightmorningfatigue(疲憊),offeringapotentialsolutionforthosestrugglingwithlong-termsleepinsufficiency.Whileinadequatesleepposeshealthrisks,simplysleepingmoreisn’talwayspracticaloreffective,asmanystillwakeuptired.ResearchersatOsakaMetropolitanUniversityfoundthatpre-wakingsunlightexposuremayreducefatigue,buildingonpreviousstudiesshowingartificialdawnsimulationcanhelp.However,artificiallightsources,oftenplacedatbedsidelevel,canleadtoinconsistentexposureduetomovementduringsleep.Amorestablealternative?Naturalsunlight,whichisfreelyavailableinmostareas.Forthosewithoutlightpollution,leavingcurtainsopenatnightallowsnaturaldawnlighttoenter.Othersmayusemotorizedcurtainsthatreopenatasetmorningtime.Totestthisapproach,theresearchersconductedacrossoverrandomizedcontrolledtrialwith19universitystudents(ages20–30)whomaintainedregularsleepschedules.Participantssleptinauniversitylabfurnishedlikeabedroom.Allwindowswereshadedexceptforonefacingeast,makingittheonlysourceofnaturallight.Theresearchersinstalledlight-shieldingcurtainsontheeast-facingwindow,plusamotorizeddevicetheycouldsettoopenthecurtainsataspecifictimeeachmorning.Theyusedthissetuptocreatethreesituationsforparticipants:naturallightexposurefor20minutesbeforewaking,naturallightexposurefromdawnuntilwaking,andnonaturallightexposure.Resultsshowedthatbothsunlight-exposedsituationsimprovedalertnessandreducedself-reportedsleepinesscomparedtonolight.However,20minutesofpre-wakingsunlightwasmosteffective,significantlyloweringobjectivesleepiness(measuredviabrainactivity)comparedtotheotherconditions.Theteamsuggestsprolongedexposurefromdawnmaydisruptsleepbyprovidingtoomuchlighttoosoon.DaisukeMatsushita,alivingenvironmentdesignscientistinvolvedinthestudy,hopesfutureresearchwilloptimizenaturallightexposureforbetterwakefulness,accountingforseasonalanddailyvariations.Thiscouldleadtomorecomfortableandenergizingmornings.32.Whyisartificialdawnsimulationsometimesineffectiveinreducingmorningfatigue?A.Becauseitrequiresexpensiveequipment.B.Becauseitcannotmimicnaturalsunlightaccurately.C.Becauseitonlyworksinareaswithoutlightpollution.D.Becauseitmaybeinterruptedbytheusers’movement.33.Theword“l(fā)ight-shielding”inparagraph4canprobablybereplacedby______.A.light-emitting B.light-blockingC.light-reflecting D.light-absorbing34.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A.Onlythewindowfacingsouthletlightin.B.Nolightexposureimprovedsleepingquality.C.Participantswererequiredtosleepinthreesituations.D.Twosunlight-exposedmethodswereequallyeffective.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Motorizedcurtainscanimprovesleepquality.B.Peopleshouldsleeplongertofightmorningfatigue.C.Exposuretolightsourcesislikelytosolvesleepproblems.D.20minutesofpre-wakingsunlightmayreducemorningtiredness.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了大阪Metropolitan大學(xué)的研究，表明醒來(lái)前20分鐘的陽(yáng)光照射有助于對(duì)抗早晨疲勞，還說(shuō)明了研究過(guò)程和結(jié)果。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ResearchersatOsakaMetropolitanUniversityfoundthatpre-wakingsunlightexposuremayreducefatigue,buildingonpreviousstudiesshowingartificialdawnsimulationcanhelp.However,artificiallightsources,oftenplacedatbedsidelevel,canleadtoinconsistentexposureduetomovementduringsleep.(大阪城市大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡醒前接觸陽(yáng)光可能減輕疲勞感，該結(jié)論基于先前關(guān)于人工黎明模擬光照助益的研究。然而，通常放置在床頭的模擬光源可能因睡眠時(shí)的翻身動(dòng)作導(dǎo)致光照接觸不規(guī)律)”可知，人工黎明模擬光源會(huì)被用戶的移動(dòng)打斷，所以有時(shí)在減輕早晨疲勞方面會(huì)無(wú)效。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Theresearchersinstalled

light-shielding

curtainsontheeast-facingwindow,plusamotorizeddevicetheycouldsettoopenthecurtainsataspecifictimeeachmorning.(研究人員在朝東的窗戶上安裝了……窗簾，再加上一個(gè)機(jī)動(dòng)裝置，他們可以在每天早上的特定時(shí)間打開(kāi)窗簾)”中“theycouldsettoopenthecurtainsataspecifictimeeachmorning”可推知，為了控制光照，研究人員安裝的是阻擋光線的窗簾，然后讓它在每天早上的特定時(shí)間打開(kāi)。故劃線詞“l(fā)ight-shielding”的意思是“阻擋光線的”，與“l(fā)ight-blocking”同義。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyusedthissetuptocreatethreesituationsforparticipants:naturallightexposurefor20minutesbeforewaking,naturallightexposurefromdawnuntilwaking,andnonaturallightexposure.(他們用這個(gè)設(shè)置為參與者創(chuàng)造了三種情況：醒來(lái)前20分鐘接受自然光照射、從黎明到醒來(lái)接受自然光照射以及不接受自然光照射)”可知，參與者需要在三種情況下睡覺(jué)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Anewstudysuggeststhat20minutesofsunlightbeforewakingcanhelpfightmorningfatigue(疲憊),offeringapotentialsolutionforthosestrugglingwithlongtermsleepinsufficiency.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，醒來(lái)前20分鐘的陽(yáng)光照射有助于對(duì)抗早晨疲勞，為那些長(zhǎng)期睡眠不足的人提供了一個(gè)潛在的解決方案)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，即醒來(lái)前20分鐘的陽(yáng)光照射可能會(huì)減少早晨的疲勞。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Patternscanbedefinedaspredictableeventsorrecurringresponsestoaspecificsituation.Ourlivesareoftenplayedoutasaseriesofpatterns.____36____Badhabitsarepatternsofbehaviourthataredeeplywiredintoourlifestylesbecauseofconstantrepetition.Thesehabitsmayincludemoreharmlessonessuchaseatingloudlyordumpingyourshoesonthefloorinsteadofputtingtheminthecloset;themoremoderateonesincludeprocrastination(拖延)andgossiping;andthemoreinsidiousonessuchasgaming,drug,alcoholicaddiction.____37____Theadultbraincancreatenewneurons(神經(jīng)元)aswellastrimandchangeexistingneuralpathways.Rewiringourbrainstobreakpatternsispossible.____38____Povertycomeswithahostofproblemsandthiselephantintheroomcannotbeignored.Thereisnosilverbullettothiscomplexproblem,butthankfully,therearealwaysrags-to-richesstoriestoshowusitispossibleandnecessarytobreakthepatternsofpoverty.Arguably,therea