Unit4AdversityandCourage【過基礎(chǔ)】詞匯拓展qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)→vt.(使)具有資格；(使)合格→n．資格；資歷；資格證書2．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的→adv.熱情地→n．熱情；熱忱3．a(chǎn)boardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)→v．上船(或火車、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)；寄宿n.木板；董事會；伙食4．a(chǎn)ssignvt.分派；布置；分配→n．任務(wù)；作業(yè)；分配5．envyn．&vt.羨慕；妒忌→adj.嫉妒的；羨慕的6．perseverancen．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→vi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求7．resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅(jiān)定的信念→n．決議；解決；堅(jiān)定8．crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的→adv.殘忍地；殘酷地→n．殘忍；殘酷9．unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地→adv.幸運(yùn)地→n．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)產(chǎn)10．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航→n．導(dǎo)游；指南vt.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)；為……領(lǐng)路11．a(chǎn)dvertisingn．廣告活動；廣告業(yè)→vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→n．廣告；宣傳12．corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團(tuán)的→n．(大)公司；法人13．commitmentn．承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)→vt.犯(錯誤、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承擔(dān)義務(wù)；(使)作出保證→adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的重點(diǎn)詞組1．turnsb.down2．makefire3．giveoff重點(diǎn)句型1．Wefordays，butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.這些天我們一直在掙扎，但是大象島上的情況變得更糟了。2．Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccess.只要你堅(jiān)持，你最終會成功。3．Whatifthey?如果他們被延誤了怎么辦？4．If，wewouldallstarve.要是沒有海上的動物，我們都會餓死的。知識精講知識要點(diǎn)1[教材P38]However，whenIappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified．然而，沙克爾頓拒絕了我加入探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)的申請，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為我太年輕并且資質(zhì)不夠。(1)turnsb.down拒絕(某人)[例1]Iamafraidourbosswillturnmedown.我害怕我老板會拒絕我。[例2]Hehasbeenturneddownfortenjobssofar.到目前為止他申請的十份工作都遭到了拒絕。[知識拓展]turndown 調(diào)小turnup 出現(xiàn)；到場；開大；調(diào)高音量turnaround/round 轉(zhuǎn)身turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是turnto 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于；查閱turnover 翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交turnon/off 打開/關(guān)閉(開關(guān))turnin 上交turninto 變成[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Ithankedhimfortheofferbutturnedit．②Itturnedthatshewasafriendofmysister.③Hewouldturnatmeetings.④Apersonlackingendurancebythecompany.一個缺乏忍耐力的人會被這個公司拒絕。(2)qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)[例1]Thegovernmenthasgivenqualifiedsupporttotheidea.政府對這一想法給予了適當(dāng)?shù)闹С?。[例2]Demandhasfaroutstrippedsupplyofqualifiedteachers.對有資格的教師的需求遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了供應(yīng)。[知識拓展](1)qualifyv． 使具備資格(2)bequalifiedtodosth. 有資格做某事bequalifiedfor 具備……資格的；適合擔(dān)任……的(3)qualificationn. 資格；資歷[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Hehasno(qualify)forthisjob.②Heknewhewasnot(qualify)tobeateacher.③Idon'tknowmuchaboutit，soIdon'tfeelqualified(comment)．④Inmyopinion，thecleverman．在我看來，這個聰明的人有資格接受這個工作。知識要點(diǎn)2abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄[教材P38]Beforeweabandonedtheship，Shackletoncalmlycalledustogether...在我們棄船之前，沙克爾頓平靜地把我們召集在一起……[例1]Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.這個嬰兒被母親遺棄了。[例2]Snowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehicles.大雪迫使許多駕駛者棄車步行。[知識拓展](1)abandonedadj. 廢棄的；被遺棄的；放任的beabandonedto(doing)sth. 沉湎于(做)某事(2)abandononeselfto(doing)sth. 縱情/沉溺于(做)某事abandondoingsth. 放棄做某事withabandon 放任地；放縱地；縱情地[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Rescuershad(abandon)allthehopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.②I'mconsideringabandoning(smoke)soon.③Atthesadnews，heabandoned(he)todespair.④Heinhissparetime.閑暇之余，他沉湎于閱讀各種書籍。知識要點(diǎn)3belongingsn．財(cái)物；動產(chǎn)[教材P38]Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings，andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.我們不允許帶走大部分個人物品，沙克爾頓把自己所有的黃金都扔掉了。[例1]Shepackedherfewbelongingsinabagandleft.她把她的幾件東西裝進(jìn)包里便離開了。[例2]Shelostallherbelongingsinthefire.她在那場火災(zāi)中失去了所有財(cái)產(chǎn)。[知識拓展](1)belongingn． 歸屬asenseofbelonging 歸屬感(2)belongtosb. 屬于某人，歸某人所有belongtosth. 是(俱樂部、組織等)的成員， 是(某族類或綱目)的一部分[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/句式升級①Asparents，wehavearesponsibilitytogiveourchildrenasenseof(belong)．②Theybelongedayoungergeneration.③I'dliketohavealookatthetoyswhichbelongtoyou.→I'dliketohavealookatthetoys．(用非謂語動詞)知識要點(diǎn)4holdon稍等；挺??；堅(jiān)持??；(打電話)別掛斷[教材P39]Holdonnow，Perce.要堅(jiān)持住啊，珀西。[例1]Canyouholdon？I'llseeifhe'shere.等一下行嗎？我去看看他在不在。[例2]Janeisdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.簡決心要守住自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)。[知識拓展]holdup 支撐起；承受??；延遲，阻礙；搶劫holdonto 抓緊；不放開；保留；堅(jiān)持holdback 阻擋；阻攔；隱瞞；控制holddown 壓制；限制holdout (在困境中)堅(jiān)持；伸出；提供；維持；忍耐[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thechairistooweaktoholdsuchafatman.②Canyouholdonthoseticketsforme?③．I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.等一會兒，我得化妝一下。知識要點(diǎn)5furnituren．家具[教材P40]Ittookhimalotofenergytomovealltheitemsoffurnitureinsidethehouse.他費(fèi)了很大力氣才把房間里所有的家具搬走。[例1]Eachpieceoffurnitureintheirhomesuitedthestyleofthehouse.他們家的每件家具都與房子的風(fēng)格相稱。[例2]Weneedtobuysomenewfurniture.我們需要買一些新家具。[知識拓展](1)apieceoffurniture 一件家具(2)furnishvt. 裝修；布置，設(shè)置；提供；供應(yīng)furnishsth.withsth. 用……布置……furnishsb./sth.withsth.＝furnishsth.tosb./sth.為某人/某物提供某物befurnishedwith 備有；安裝有(3)furnishedadj. 備有家具的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Eleanormovedintoasmall(furnish)apartment.②Manyproprietors(業(yè)主)trytofurnishtheirhousesantiques.③Thehouseiscrammedwithpriceless(furnish)andworksofart.④Thebathroomtwotoilets，twoshowers，andtwosinks.衛(wèi)生間里裝了兩個抽水馬桶、兩個淋浴器和兩個洗臉盆。⑤Thewoodistoosoft．這種木料太軟了，不適合用來做家具。知識要點(diǎn)6applicationn．申請(表)；請求；應(yīng)用(程序等)；用途[教材P40]Unfortunately，hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewastooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.不幸的是，他的申請被拒絕了，因?yàn)樗贻p，不夠資格。[例1]Applicationsshouldbesubmittedasearlyaspossible.申請應(yīng)盡早提交。[例2]Howdothetwotechniquescompareintermsofapplication?這兩種手法實(shí)際運(yùn)用起來哪個好一些？[知識拓展](1)applicantn． 申請人(2)applyvt. 申請；應(yīng)用apply(tosb.)forsth. (向某人)申請某事/物applytosb./sth. 適用于某人/物applysth.tosth. 把……應(yīng)用于……applyoneselftodoingsth. 專注于/集中精力做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Weshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedatschooldailylife.②Hewantstoapplytothecompanyajobasasalesman.③Thistrafficruleappliesallthedrivers.④Inthiswaytheycanbetter．這樣他們就能更好地把理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去。SentencePatterns重點(diǎn)句式1so...that...句型[教材P38]ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship，theEndurance，andhidinasmallcupboard.但是我對和他們一起去的想法非常熱切，所以我偷偷地登上了“堅(jiān)忍”號，藏在一個小櫥柜里。[句式分析]本句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，so是副詞，后面跟形容詞或副詞。[例1]IamsotiredthatIwanttosleeprightnow.我是如此的累以至于我想馬上睡覺。[例2]Herparentsgavehersomanytoysthatshecouldn'tpossiblyplaywiththemall.她父母給了她那么多玩具，以至于她都玩不過來了。[知識拓展][即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Georgehadlittlemoneythathehadtogetajob.②Itwasabadaccidentthatseveralpeoplegotinjured.③Thefarmerwaswefoundithardtoturnhimdown.那位農(nóng)場主非常熱情，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)拒絕他很難。④Heiseveryteacherlikeshim.他是如此優(yōu)秀的一個學(xué)生以至于每個老師都喜歡他。重點(diǎn)句式2too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)[教材P39]...thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.……這次航行太危險(xiǎn)了，很難讓我們所有人都坐上小船。[句式分析]本句中too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，too是副詞，后面跟形容詞或副詞。[例1]Itistoodifficultformetocarryit.搬它對我來說太難了。[例2]Sometimestheoilmaybetoothicktopouratall.有時(shí)，油可能稠得一點(diǎn)也倒不出來。[知識拓展]在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中too...to...含有肯定意義：(1)當(dāng)too后的形容詞是表示心情的形容詞時(shí)，如glad，pleased，surprised，happy，eager，anxious等，此時(shí)，too相當(dāng)于very或verymuch。(2)too...to...與never，not等連用時(shí)，也表示肯定意義。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①It'sfartogetthereontime.②YouareneverlatetolearnEnglish.③Shewastooanxious(buy)thisdress.④I'myou.見到你我非常高興。⑤Itis．亡羊補(bǔ)牢為時(shí)不晚。題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題1分，共8分)1．AsfarasI’mconcerned，thenewroommateishonest，，enthusiasticandfullofvigour.2．Whenyougetoffthebus，dokeepinmindthatyoumusttakeyour.3．Welcometooneofthelargestcollectionsofshoesintheworldthatwillmakeyougreenwith.4．，insteadofhittingtheball，hehithisownfalseteeth!5．Ourheadteacherrequestedustodosome(徹底的)cleaningbeforeclassthenextday.6．Underthe(指導(dǎo))ofourteacher，wefinishedtheexperimentperfectly.7．Pleasesendusalltheinformationthatyouhaveaboutthe(s)(應(yīng)試者)fortheposition.8．(遺棄)byhisowner，thelittledogwasleadingamiserablelife.Ⅱ.詞形變化填空(用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(每小題2分，共14分)9．TodayIamasaboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmyenablesmetotreatmyjob.(enthusiastic)10．Believeitornot，myhusbandtreatedmeandhisalwaysmademeinlowspirits.(cruel)11．Insteadoftoloseweight，tryapractical：“I’llstophavingdessertforlunch.”(resolve)12．，hereceivedalargefromhisunclewhoiswarm-heartedandgenerous.(fortunate)13．Hehimselftoworkingdayandnight.Hiswonhimagreatreputation.(commit)14．Hewithhisviolinlessons.Itwashisthatenabledhimtobecomeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)15．Hehaseducationalandhenceheiswellforthejobasatutor.(qualify)Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題5分，共20分)16．我一直夢想著被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取。I.17．只要你采納我的建議，你一定會在北京上大學(xué)期間擁有最難忘的經(jīng)歷。，youareboundtohavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.18．要是我學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)遇到許多困難怎么辦？whenIstudyEnglish?19．如果我是你，我肯定會充分利用時(shí)間來提高我的學(xué)業(yè)成績。，Iwouldcertainlymakefulluseofthetimetoimprovemyacademicperformance.題組B能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空——復(fù)習(xí)本單元ReadingandThinking部分AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackletonisanadventurethatI(dream)of.However,2.Iappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’t3.(qualify)，soIhadnochoicebuttosecretlygoaboardhisship，theEndurance.LaterI4.(discover)andShackletonhadtoassignmetobesteward.Thejourneywasn’tveryeasy，fortheEndurancewasstuckintheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Andwhentheshipsank，ourheartssankwithit.Beforeweabandonedtheship，Shackleton6.(calm)toldustorescueourmostessentialsuppliesandhe7.(he)threwawayallhisgold.HeallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo，8.madeussurprised.Wehadbeenstrugglingfordays，butthingsweregoingfrombadtoworse.SoonafterwearrivedatElephantIsland，Shackletonleftustofindhelp.Sometimeswewereabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Itriedtothinkof9.(happy)things.IwasgratefulforFrankandErnest’sgenuineconcernforothers.Their10.(persevere)andtheirresolvefilledmewithhope.請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對答案并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語法項(xiàng)目：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))eq\x(qualified，resolve，aboard，fortunately，sink，enthusiastic)Borninawealthyfamily，mynephew，Jack，ledsuchathoroughlydecentandcosylifethathehardlymetwithcrueladversities.Hehasbeendreamingofanadventuresincehewasyoung.At18，Jack1.tojoinanexpeditionadvertisedinthenewspaper，buttheleaderturnedhimdownbecausehethoughtJackwasnot2..Fullofvigour，Jackneverabandonedhisdreamforhewasso3.aboutagreatvoyage.At19，hejoinedthenavyandwasassignedtobeastewardwithlowwages.Onabittercoldday，thecrewwent4.amassiveshipboundforAtlanticOcean.Jackwasgenuine，good-temperedandloyalandhewasn’tselfish，either.Heoftenplayedthebanjoforrecreation.Sothoseontheshipalllikedhim.Unfortunately，oneday，themotorbrokedownandtheshipgotcrushedonahugeiceberg.Whentheshipsank，theirheartsalso5..Atthattime，thecalmcaptainmadeacommitmenttosavethemandcommandedthemtothrowawaytheirbelongingssuchasstoves，blankets，bats，cupboardsandotherpiecesoffurniture.Finally，theywere6.enoughtoescapetheship.Itwastheirendurance，resolutionandperseverancethathelpedthemsurvive.Onthedistantisland，Jackmanagedtomakefirewithanimalfat，whichgaveoffasmellysmellandthenhecookedseaanimals.Onemonthlater，theyweresavedbyapassingship.Insummary，ithasbeenamiserablebutunforgettableepisodeinJack’slife.題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練Ⅰ.完形填空[一]Myfather，asoldier，wasdeployed(調(diào)度)again.TheukuleleIhadwatchedhimplaywas1.Themusicalinstrumentsattherelifeless.Itcameasa2becausewehadjustmovedintothepresentdutystationafewweeksbefore.Still，3wasthethingthatconnectedmyfatherwithHawaii，a4ofhishomeandculture.Welearnedaboutourancestorsandfamilytraditions5throughhismusic.Thistime，wewerefinally“home”inHawaiiandexpectedto6aplacethatwe’donlyheardaboutinmyparents’stories.Wewerejustarriving，buthewasalready7toleaveagain，thistimewithoutus.Suddenly，weweresurroundedbystrangerelativesandaculturaltraditionofwhichweonlyknewthesurface.Wewere8inthefamily.Thepersonwhomadeusfit，ourfather，wasgone.ThatwaswhenI9myfather’sukulele.AsIplucked(彈撥)thestringstunelessly，Ifelt10tohimandourHawaiianroots.SoIpickedupanoldsongbook，andI11myselftoplay.Iwouldplayandsing，asifmyfatherhadbeenhere.Aftermyfatherreturned，hewas12thatIhadlearnedsomuch.ButwhatIreallygained13ofwasthatmusichasthe14todotrulyextraordinarythings15ustoourcultureandeachother，ourpastandourpresent.1．A.polished B．tidied C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．sold2．A.surprise B．puzzle C．challenge D．relief3．A.time B．duty C．music D．distance4．A.symbol B．reminder C．memory D．review5．A.mostly B．casually C．a(chǎn)ccidentally D．secretly6．A.lookfor B．fitinto C．takein D．catchat7．A.disappointed B．prepared C．a(chǎn)nxious D．hesitant8．A.visitors B．relatives C．a(chǎn)cquaintances D．foreigners9．A.received B．noticed C．recognized D．needed10．A.closer B．stranger C．familiar D．superior11．A.persuaded B．inspired C．taught D．told12．A.shocked B．confident C．curious D．a(chǎn)nnoyed13．A.control B．possession C．command D．knowledge14．A.potential B．sense C．privilege D．power15．A.exposing B．tying C．expressing D．introducing[二]TheteachersIknowdidn’texpecthow1thisremoteteachingwouldbe.Therearesomany2thatarise：familiesnotresponding，studentswhocan’t3newplatforms，newplatformsnotdoingwhattheyare4todo.Thelistgoeson.Butthat’sjustfromtheteacher’s5.Principals(校長)havetoheartheteachers’issues，andtheyhavetohelpparents6theirkidinthevirtualclassroom，getting7dailyfromthedistrict，findingdevicesforeveryone，andmuchmore.Ourprincipal’sworkwasincrediblyhardbeforetheworldturnedupsidedown.Now，she’sdealingwithitall，8teachers，parents，andstudents，while9whatthedistrictiscarryingout.Therearesleeplessnightsand10stress.Iorganizedalittle11todayfromthestaffbuilding.Wewerealloncampustodaytodrivethroughthelocalneighborhoodwithsignsonourcars，pressingourhornsand12atourstudentsintheiryardsandontheirporches.Iaskedthestafftobring13forourprincipal：papertowels，handsanitizer，latexgloves，masks，andsomeother14things.Othersbroughtwineandchocolate.Wecouldn’ttakeallher15offherback，butwecouldshowherthatweloveandappreciateher.1．A.developed B．hard C．boring D．important2．A.advantages B．issues C．lessons D．thoughts3．A.moveoff B．lookafter C．turndown D．geton4．A.supposed B．scared C．directed D．believed5．A.interest B．career C．effort D．view6．A.educate B．praise C．g