Unit6

Spaceandbeyond選擇性必修第四冊單元詞句識記內(nèi)容索引單元默寫檢測核心知識突破關(guān)鍵能力考查寫作素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)課時作業(yè)單元詞句識記Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.notionn.

概念;觀點;看法2.hazardousadj.

危險的,不安全的3.shuttlen. 航天飛機4.excursionn. (有特定目的的)短途出行5.rekindlev. 重新激起,重新喚起6.lifelikeadj. (圖畫、模型等)生動的,逼真的7.galaxyn. 星系8.cosmicadj. 宇宙的9.subatomicadj.

亞原子的;原子內(nèi)的10.particlen. 粒子11.peppern. 胡椒粉12.sneezev. 打噴嚏13.discn. 激光唱片;光碟,光盤Ⅱ.核心單詞1.screamoutforhelp

大聲呼救2.thepassengersandcrew

乘客和全體機組人員3.anawesomeexperience

一次很好的經(jīng)歷4.thespacetelescope

太空望遠鏡5.astraightforwardanswer

一個簡單的回答6.lackself-discipline

缺乏自我約束7.runtofetchsomegifts

跑去拿些禮物8.stretchyourmuscles

伸展你的肌肉Ⅲ.一詞多義1.shadow

n.壞影響,陰影;影子

v.(在……上)投下陰影;籠罩;遮住

①castashadowontheirhappiness給他們的幸福蒙上陰影

②castashadowonthewater在水面上投下一片影子

③beshadowedbyahighmountain被高山遮蔽

④beshadowedbythepast被過去的陰影籠罩2.angle

v.斜置

n.角;角度;視角

①anglehischair把他的椅子斜置

②a45°angle45°角

③betakenfromanunusualangle從不同尋常的視角拍攝

④lookattheissuefromdifferentangles從不同的角度看這個問題Ⅳ.派生單詞1.unexceptionaladj.

平常的 exceptionn. 例外 exceptionaladj. 特別的,非凡的,卓越的2.tragicallyadv. 悲慘地,不幸地 tragicadj. 悲慘的;不幸的 tragedyn. 悲劇(作品);慘案;不幸3.instantaneouslyadv. 瞬間地 instantaneousadj. 立即的;瞬間的4.suspendv.

暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛 suspensionn.

暫停;延緩;停職;懸浮5.simulatedadj.

模仿的,模擬的,仿真的 simulatorn.

(用于人員訓練的)模擬裝置,模擬器 simulatev.

模仿;模擬 simulationn.

模擬;模仿6.submitv. 提交;呈遞(文件等);屈服 submissionn. 提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服7.conceivablyadv. 可以相信地;可想象地 conceivableadj. 可信的;可想象的8.invisibleadj. 看不見的 visionn. 視力;視覺;想象 visibleadj. 看得見的Ⅴ.短語詞塊1.setfooton

踏上,登上2.becomeaccustomedto 習慣于(做)某事3.takeoff

起飛;脫下;突然成功;休假;取消4.castashadowon/over 給……蒙上陰影5.tunein

收看;收聽6.callto

號召;向……喊叫;召喚7.becomposedof

由……組成8.beinvisibleto

對……是不可見的9.one’sheartinone’smouth 心提到嗓子眼10.reachforthestars

有九天攬月之志;努力完成壯舉Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets,their

hearts

in

their

mouths,awareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakingitwas,andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))

數(shù)以百萬計的人在黑白電視機前觀看首次登月,他們的心都提到了嗓子眼,意識到這是一項多么艱巨和危險的任務(wù),也意識到許多事情可能會出錯。2.Soon,it

was

understood

thattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe+過去分詞+that...)

很快,人們認識到,太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。3.Somuchoftheuniverseremainsunexploredthatwearestillclosetothestartofthisincrediblejourneyofdiscovery.(so...that...)

宇宙還有很多未知領(lǐng)域,我們才剛剛接近這段奇幻發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅的起點。4.ThesacrificeoftheChallenger

calls

to

us,

reminding

us

thatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars,

no

matter

howdistanttheymightseem.(主旨升華) “挑戰(zhàn)者”號的犧牲召喚著我們、提醒著我們,不管星空看起來多么遙不可及,我們都要持之以恒地去探索。?構(gòu)詞法日積月累前綴self-表示與個人或個體相關(guān)的概念,通常指的是某物或行為與某人自身有關(guān)。①self-discipline自我約束,自律

②self-analysis自我分析③self-assessment自我評估

④self-confidence自信⑤self-awareness自知單元默寫檢測StepOne

寫一寫Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.avaguenotion

一個模糊的

2.ahazardousjourney

一次

旅程

3.theshuttleprogramme

計劃

4.anexcursiontotheisland

到島上

5.rekindlehopes

希望

概念危險的航天飛機游覽重新喚起6.adistantgalaxy

一個遙遠的

7.aneutralparticle

一個不帶電的

8.sneezeallmorning 一上午一直

星系粒子打噴嚏Ⅱ.核心單詞1.

v.(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫

2.

n.望遠鏡

3.

adj.簡單的

4.

n.肌肉

5.

v.(去)拿來

6.

n.(飛機上的)全體機組人員;全組船員

7.

adj.很好的,了不起的

8.

n.自我約束,自律

screamtelescopestraightforwardmusclefetchcrewawesomeself-disciplineⅢ.派生單詞1.

n.例外→

adj.特別的,非凡的,卓越的→_____________adj.平常的

2.

adj.悲慘的;不幸的→

adv.悲慘地,不幸地→

n.悲劇(作品);慘案;不幸3.

v.暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛→

n.暫停;延緩;停職;懸浮

exceptionexceptionalunexceptionaltragictragicallytragedysuspendsuspension4.

v.提交;呈遞(文件等);屈服→

n.提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服

5.

n.視力;視覺;想象→

adj.看得見的→_____________adj.看不見的

submitsubmissionvisionvisibleinvisibleⅣ.短語互譯1.

習慣于(做)某事

2.

起飛;脫下;突然成功;休假;取消

3.

給……蒙上陰影

4.

踏上,登上

5.one’sheartinone’smouth

6.tunein

7.callto

8.becomposedof

becomeaccustomedtotakeoffcastashadowon/oversetfooton心提到嗓子眼收看;收聽號召;向……喊叫;召喚由……組成Ⅴ.句式仿寫1.句型公式:獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) Thenitleaptbackwards,

andfuronend,tailheldoutstiffly.(動作描寫)

然后它向后一躍,脊背拱起,毛發(fā)豎立,尾巴僵直地伸著。backarched2.句型公式:it

be+過去分詞+that...

.Webenefitalotfromtherapid

paceoftheInternetdevelopment.(科技發(fā)展)

眾所周知,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對我們至關(guān)重要。我們從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展中獲益良多。3.句型公式:so...that...

hecouldhearhisheartbeatingwildly.(心理描寫)

他是如此緊張以至于能聽到自己的心在狂跳。ItisknownthattheInternetisvitaltousSonervouswashethatStepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境和首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Withthebigfirespreading,peopleranfortheexits,

s__________outinterror.

2.It’saverycomplexissuetowhichthereisnos_______________answer.

3.Ifyouf

something,yougoandgetthemfromtheplacewheretheyare.

creamingtraightforwardetch4.Onaccountofmypreviousteachingexperience,Icanhelpyoumanagetheclassinana

way.5.Theentirec

iscomprisedoffourmenandthreewomen.

wesomerewⅡ.根據(jù)語境用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Catshavesogoodnight

thatmanythingsare_______tothematnightwhichare

forhumanwiththenakedeye.(vision)

2.

,hewaskilledina

accidentattheageof24.(tragedy)

3.

canbemadeasanindividualorasateam,butyourworkshouldbe

beforeJuly22ndtoMrLiinRoom102.(submit)

visionvisibleinvisibleTragicallytragicSubmissionssubmitted4.Theactivityhastobe

duetosomethingunexpected,andnooneknowshowlongthe

willlast.(suspend)

suspendedsuspensionⅢ.短語填空takeoffbecomeaccustomedto

castashadowontakeoff

callto

setfooton1.Whenthedelayedflightwill

dependsmuchontheweather.

2.Itisthemisunderstandingthat

theirfriendship.castsashadowon3.Thenewera

us,sayingthatweshouldstrivetoachievemoreanddobetter.

4.Livingherefortenyears,he

thetropicalclimate.

5.IrememberthetimewhenIfirst

thisnewland.HowexcitedandnervousIwas!callstohasbecomeaccustomedtosetfootonⅣ.串記練習閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Atpresent,weareaccustomedto1.

(observe)thenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitis2.

awesomeinvention.Withthehelpofit,wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisible3.

the

naked

eye.However,ourquest4.

(be)farbeyondobservingthestars,andwehaveobservingantoisbeentryingtoexploremore5.

(known)regionsintheuniverse.Oureffortshaveneverbeensuspended,althoughthe6.___________(lose)oftheChallengeroncecast

a

shadow

onourhearts.Withthepurposeof7.

(rekindle)youngpupils’interestinspacetravel,the

space

shuttletookoff.Butonlyaminutelater,itexplodedandthelivesofitscrewwere8.

(tragic)cutshort.Thesevenheroessacrificed,buttheirspirits9.____________(remind)ustocontinuetoreachforthestars,10.

distanttheyare.

unknownlossrekindlingtragicallyremindhowever核心知識突破No.1熱考詞匯No.3寫作遷移No.2熟詞生義/一詞多義1.shadow

n.壞影響,陰影;影子

v.(在……上)投下陰影;籠罩佳句背誦

Thesunshonethroughtheleaves,casting

shadows

onthelawn.(環(huán)境描寫)陽光穿過樹葉,在草坪上投下陰影。castashadowon/over 給……蒙上陰影;投下影子intheshadowof 在……的樹蔭下;在……的影響下beshadowedby 被……罩在陰影里以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Thebay

(shadow)bymagnificentcliffs.

②Mybrotheris

theshadowofMrSmith,whoisverystrict.

③Doubtanduncertaintycreptin,_________________________________________.(心理描寫)

疑慮和不確定性悄悄襲來,給她的興奮蒙上了一層陰影。wasshadowedincastingashadowoverherexcitement2.suspend

v.暫停,中止;延緩,推遲;使暫時停職(或停學等);懸,掛→suspensionn.暫停;延緩;停職(或停學等);懸浮佳句背誦

Alampwas

suspended

fromtheceiling.(環(huán)境描寫)一盞吊燈懸在天花板上。besuspendedfromthejob

被停職besuspendedby/from/on

被懸掛在……以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Ithinkher

(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.

②Iamterriblysorrytohearthatyou__________________________________________andIdobelievethatyoucanproveyourinnocence.(慰問信)聽到你被停職的消息,我感到非常遺憾,我相信你可以證明自己的清白。suspensionhavebeensuspendedfromyourjob3.submit

v.(submitted,submitted,submitting)提交;呈遞;屈服→submissionn.提交(物);呈遞(書);屈服佳句背誦

PleasesubmityourworkstotheStudentUnionofficebeforeApril15th.(通知)請在4月15日前將您的作品提交給學生會辦公室。submitsthto...

向……提交某物submit(oneself)to... 屈服于/服從……[聯(lián)想]

雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母+-ed及+-ing的動詞:submit、quit、prefer、occur、refer。以練促學單句語法填空/單句寫作①Shesighedhelplessly,“Ishallgiveupmyclaimin______________(submit)toyourwishes.”

②Anessaynot

(submit)inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.

③Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh,utteringdeterminedly,“

.”(動作描寫)

大衛(wèi)擦掉眼淚,高昂起頭,堅定地說道:“我不會屈從于其他人的看法?！眘ubmissionsubmittedIwon’tsubmit(myself)toothers’thoughts4.become

accustomed

to

(doing)

sth

習慣于(做)某事佳句背誦

Intraditionalclasses,studentsbecame

accustomed

to

takinginwhatevertheirteacherstaughtthem.在傳統(tǒng)課堂上,學生們習慣于接受老師教授的一切東西。accustomv.

使習慣于;使適應accustomoneselfto(doing)sth 使自己習慣于/適應(做)某事accustomedadj.

習慣于,適應的;通常的,慣常的以練促學句式升級MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.→

,

MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(形容詞短語作狀語)→

,

MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(動詞-ing形式作狀語)AccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideAccustominghimselftolivinginthecountryside片段鞏固用shadow;suspend;submit;becomeaccustomedto完成

“個人成長”的片段寫作提示:小時候,我總是活在姐姐的陰影之下→她太優(yōu)秀了,這讓我感到有壓力→我沒有停止努力,全身心投入到持續(xù)的學習和改進中→我習慣了這些挑戰(zhàn),并開始綻放出自己的光芒WhenIwasyoung,Ialwayslivedintheshadowofmyeldersister.ShewassoexcellentthatIfeltpressured.However,Ididn’tsuspendmyefforts.Isubmittedmyselftocontinuouslearningandimprovement.Gradually,Ibecame

accustomed

tothechallengesandstartedtoshineonmyown.1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①Bynomeansshouldwesubmitourselvestoanydifficulty.

②Heangledhischairsothathecouldsitandwatchher.

v.屈服v.斜置2.選出shadow的漢語意思A.n.影子B.n.昏暗處;背光處C.n.壞影響D.n.少許;一丁點①Someonejumpedoutoftheshadowsandgrabbedmyhandbag.

②Anoaktreecastitsshadowoveratinyroundpool.

③Theystolethemoney,madeagetawayandlivedundertheshadowoffear.

④Itisatragicstory,butthereisashadowofhope.

BACD3.根據(jù)上下文寫出suspend的詞性和詞義Theongoingconstructionwas①suspended,causingadelay.Aworkerwas②suspendedfornegligence.Intheclassroom,anaughtystudentwas③suspended.Meanwhile,alampwas④suspendedfromtheceiling,castingasoftglow.①

②

③

④

v.暫停,中止v.停職v.停學v.懸,掛句型公式:it

be+過去分詞+that...課本原句:Soon,it

was

understood

thattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快,人們認識到,太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。佳句背誦

It’s

known

to

all

that“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”.(主旨升華)眾所周知,“有志者,事竟成”。Itissaid/reportedthat... 據(jù)說/據(jù)報道……Itisthought/suggested/believed/hopedthat...

人們認為/建議/相信/希望……[點撥]

上述句式除“It

is

hoped

that...”和“It

is

suggested

that...”外,可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“sb/sth

is+過去分詞+to

do/to

be

doing/to

have

done...”句型。以練促學單句寫作/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①

,

includingnotebooks,pensanddictionaries.

據(jù)說,獲勝者將有很多獎品,包括筆記本、鋼筆和字典。②Itisthoughtthatcarbondioxideisheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.→

theearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.

ItissaidthattherewillbelotsofprizesforthewinnersCarbondioxideisthoughttobeheating關(guān)鍵能力考查維度一

核心知識運用1.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120

(submit).(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)

2.Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelieved

(make)theprintedpageoutdated.(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)submissionstomake3.Mykids

(scream)withjoy.Webaked,icedandsprinkledformostoftheday.(天津3月卷)

4.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputer____________(simulate)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.(新高考Ⅰ卷)

5.Jones’ideahasbeenfullyrealized—the“HAPPYTOCHAT”bencheshelpbreakdownthe

(visible)socialbarrierthatkeepspeoplefromsayinghello.(天津7月卷)

screamedsimulationsinvisible6.Heisthemostsoulfuland

(tragic)complexcharacterinthestory.

7.Therehavebeencallsforthedrug’simmediate________________(suspend),followingreportsthatithasdangeroussideeffects.

8.He

(fetch)thechildrenfromschoolonMondaysandFridays.

9.Thosewhoareaccustomedto

(stay)uplatearemorelikelytosufferfromotherdiseases.10.Thesettingsunshoneonus,castingourshadows

theroad.

tragicallysuspensionfetchesstayingon/over維度二

單句寫作1.OurEnglishcurriculumcoversawiderangeoftopics,fromessentialgrammarconceptstoengagingliteraryworks,

.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))

我們的英語課程涵蓋了廣泛的主題,從基本語法概念到引人入勝的文學作品,所有這些都是為了滿足學習者的獨特需求和興趣而量身定制的。alltailoredtomeettheuniqueneedsandinterestsofourlearners2.

______________,fromwhichvisitorswillexperiencethecolourfulChineseculture.(itbe+過去分詞+that...)

據(jù)說,數(shù)百幅中國古代藝術(shù)家的繪畫作品將在這里展出,參觀者將從中體驗到豐富多彩的中國文化。3.Hewas

wewerealldeeplymoved.(so...that...)

他是一位如此負責的老師,以至于我們都被深深地感動了。It’ssaidthathundredsofChinesepaintingsbyancientartistswillbeondisplaysoresponsibleateacherthat4.I

,butIwastoonervous.(情態(tài)動詞)

我本來可以解決這個問題,但我太緊張了。5.We

around4o’clockintheafternoon.(情態(tài)動詞)

我們應該在下午四點左右回來。couldhaveworkedouttheproblemshouldbeback維度三

單元知識拾遺Thesportsgame1.

.Thefans

2.

.3.

toperformattheir

bestandgiveustheseexcitingmoments.這場體育比賽太棒了。球迷們尖叫著表示支持參賽選手。運動員需要自律才能表現(xiàn)出最佳狀態(tài),并給我們帶來這些激動人心的時刻。wasawesomewerescreaminginsupportoftheplayersSelf-disciplineiswhatathletesneed寫作素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)Ⅰ.話題下的應用文專練(日記——太空旅行)假設(shè)你是李華,假設(shè)現(xiàn)在是2050年,太空旅行已經(jīng)是一件很平常的事,請用英語寫一篇日記,描述太空生活。根據(jù)提示,利用本單元所學知識完成應用文寫作第一步

字斟句酌

優(yōu)化表達①現(xiàn)在是2050年,太空旅行對公眾來說已經(jīng)很平常了。(unexceptional)

Itistheyear2050,andspacetravelhasbecomeunexceptionaltothepublic.②幾天前,我們踏上火星,在那里我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多在地球上看不見的東西。

(setfooton,invisible)

③一到達,我們就邀請了許多外星人來參加我們在航天飛機里舉行的聚會。(spaceshuttle)

Afewdaysago,weset

foot

onMarswherewefoundalotofthingsinvisibleontheearth.Onarriving,weinvitedmanyalienstoourparty,whichwasheldinourspace

shuttle.④他們的歌太棒了,我們都興奮地尖叫起來。

(so...that...,awesome,scream)

⑤我們把望遠鏡斜置在航天飛機里觀察浩瀚的宇宙。(telescope,angle)

Theirsongswereso

awesome

thatallofusscreamedexcitedly.Weobservedthevastuniversewiththetelescope

angledinourspaceshuttle.⑥可以想象,這次旅行很有趣。

(conceivably)

⑦我真希望不久能再次去火星旅行。(do強調(diào)謂語)

Thetripwasconceivablyinteresting.Ido

hopetotraveltoMarsagainsoon.第二步

恰當過渡

完美成文(使用恰當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞連句成篇)Sunday,August24th,2025

SunnyItistheyear2050,andspacetravelhasbecomeunexceptionaltothepublic.Afewdaysago,wesetfootonMarswherewefoundalotofthingsinvisibleontheearth.Onarriving,weinvitedmanyalienstoourparty,whichwasheldinourspaceshuttle.Theirsongsweresoawesomethatallofusscreamedexcitedly.Finally,weobservedthevastuniversewiththetelescopeangledinourspaceshuttle.ThetripwasconceivablyinterestingandIdohopetotraveltoMarsagainsoon.Ⅱ.話題下的續(xù)寫能力提升(根據(jù)提示續(xù)寫2場景)場景導語:探險家Tom熱愛探險→一天,他踏入?yún)擦稚钐幟半U→迷路,面臨生存的挑戰(zhàn)→尋找食物、解決導航問題→嘗試與一群活潑的猴子交流,希望能找到出路……場景續(xù)寫1:讓他感到驚奇的是,猴子反應友好(出于善意,給他水果等)→跟隨猴子學習→取得進展(學會找水源、可食用的食物)→Tom恢復體力,有了希望Tohissurprise,themonkeysrespondedtohimfriendly.

場景續(xù)寫2:走出叢林看到一個小村莊→Tom及村民的反應→解釋情況→村民熱情幫助→探險感悟AsTomsteppedoutofthejungle,hewasgreetedbythesightofasmallvillage.

場景續(xù)寫1Tohissurprise,themonkeysrespondedtohimfriendly.Theyseemedintriguedbyhisattemptstocommunicateandevenbroughthimsomefruits,apparentlyasagestureofgoodwill.Tomgratefullyacceptedtheofferings,realizingthatthesemonkeyscouldpotentiallybehislifeline.Overthenextfewdays,hefollowedthemonkeys,learningfromtheirbehaviorandsurvivalskillsinthejungle.Theyledhimtowatersourcesandediblefruits,helpinghimsustainhisstrength.Theexperiencewassurreal,butitgaveTomhopeandrenewedenergytocontinuehisstruggleforsurvival.

場景續(xù)寫2AsTomsteppedoutofthejungle,hewasgreetedbythesightofasmallvillage.Relieffloodedthroughhisbodyasherealizedhehadfinallyfoundcivilization.Weakandexhausted,hestumbledtowardsthenearesthut.Villagersgatheredaroundhim,theirfacesfilledwithcuriosity.Tomexplainedhissituation,andtheyofferedhimfood,shelter,andclothing.Asherestedandrecovered,hereflectedonhisjourney.Despitethehardshipsandnear-deathexperiences,Tomfeltasenseofaccomplishment.Hehadsurvivedthejungle,thankstohisresilience,courage,andanunlikelyalliancewithagroupofmonkeys.

課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解“Palace,Mountain,Moon?”hasbeenselectedbyNASAastheAstronomicalPictureoftheDayforDecember25,2023.ThephotowastakenbyValerio,ayoungphotographerofTurin,Italy.ItwasshotontheeveningofDecember15,2023.WhileheknewaboutNASA’scompetition,hehadn’tconsideredparticipatinguntilhereceivedmuchencouragementfromhissocialmediafollowers.Soonafter,hereceivedthemessage,“Yourimagehasbeenchosenastheastronomicalphotooftheday.”Itwasincredible!Inaphotolikethis,nothingislefttoluck.Theconceptcametohimbackin2017.WalkingonthehillsnorthofTurin,hefoundseveralspotsperfectforincludingboththeBasilicaofSupergaandMountainMonviso.Afternumerousvisitsoverseveralmonths,heidentifiedfourspotswhereSupergaandMonvisolineupjustright.Afterpinpointingtheselocations,heexperimentedwithshootingthematdifferenttimes.“IknewIneededsomethingspecialtoperfectthephoto.TheSunwasano-goplace,soIturnedtotheMoon.Itsvariousphasesandpositionsreachanazimuthangle(方位角)of230degrees,”Valeriosaid.Withthisinmind,heresearchedtheMoon’sphases,markedpotentialdatesonthecalendar,andplannedtheexactmomentswhenthemooncouldjointhequeue.Itwasverysuccessful,especiallybecausetheMoonwasinawaxingphase.Thismeantthatinthephoto,notonlywasitscrescent(新月)litup,butsowastheleftpart,itsshadowedside.Thatpartislitbyreflectedlight,alsoknownastheDaVinciglow,namedafterhimbecausehewastheonewhotheorizedaboutwhytheMoon’sshadowedsideisbrightened.DuringtheearlydaysofthewaxingMoonphases,theshadowedpartisvisiblebecausetheSun’slightreflectsofftheEarthandhitstheMoon’sshadowedside,givingitagreyish,silverycolor.ThisallowedthelighttooutlineMonvisoontheleftaswell.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。年輕攝影師Valerio拍攝的天文照片被NASA選中,文章介紹了他拍攝這張照片的經(jīng)過等。1.WhydidValeriosendthephototoNASA?A.Hetookaninterestinastronomicaladvances.B.Heexpectedtocreateanimpactonsocialmedia.C.Hereceivedbroadsupportfromenthusiasticfans.D.Hewishedtomakehishometownatouristhotspot.√解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhileheknewaboutNASA’scompetition...muchencouragementfromhissocialmediafollowers.”(雖然他知道美國國家航空和航天局的比賽,但在得到社交媒體追隨者的廣泛鼓勵之前,他并沒有考慮參加)可知,Valerio把照片發(fā)給美國國家航空和航天局是因為有熱情粉絲的廣泛支持,故選C。2.InValerio’sphoto,thethreeobjects

.

A.shinelightoneachother B.standinastraightlineC.fiteachotherinsize D.varyfromtheusualincolor√解析

推理判斷題。第三段結(jié)尾說Valerio識別出了四個Superga和Monviso正好排列在一起的地方;根據(jù)第四段中的描述“plannedtheexactmomentswhenthemooncouldjointhequeue”可知,Valerio計劃了月亮可以加入隊列的確切時刻。所以可推知在Valerio的照片中三個物體位于一條直線上,故選B。3.WhatdidValeriodotopreparefortheperfectphoto?A.StudyinghowtheMoonphasechanges.B.CalculatingtheSuperga-Monvisodistance.C.Analyzingwhentoadjustthecameraangle.D.Measuringtheheightoftheobservationpoint.√解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的描述“Withthisinmind,heresearchedtheMoon’sphases”可知,為了拍出一張完美的照片,Valerio研究了月相的變化,故選A。4.WhatwaslitupbytheDaVinciglow?A.Theoutlineofthecrescent. B.TheoutlineofSuperga.C.ThedarksideoftheMoon. D.TheshadowedsideoftheEarth.√解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“notonlywasitscrescent(新月)litup,butsowastheleftpart,itsshadowedside...Moon’sshadowedsideisbrightened”可知,不僅新月被照亮了,剩余的部分即它的有陰影的一面也被照亮了,那部分被反射光照亮,也被稱為達·芬奇之光。故可知達·芬奇之光照亮了月球的暗面,故選C。FryingFrenchfriesinspacemaybepossible,accordingtoarecentstudybyAristotleUniversityofThessaloniki,Greece.OnEarth,wehavegravityandbuoyancy(浮力).Gravitymakessurethattheoilstaysinthecooker,andbuoyancyallowsthebubblesthatcomeoutofthefriestotravelupwardsothatthefriesarecooked.Inspace,whichisundermicrogravity,thereisnobuoyancy.Soscientistsforlongbelievedthatfryingwasn’tpossible.Theresearchteamfirstdesignedasealedcontainerthatcouldfrythepotatosafelyinzerogravityandthentooktheresearchersonaride.Theplaneclimbedup,andthen,atacertainpoint,headeddownjustlikearollercoaster.Therewereabout20secondsofmicrogravitywhentheplanereachedthehighestpoint,duringwhichtheteamdidtests.Totheirsurprise,thefrieswerecooked,andthebubbleswereabletoescape.Whenthepotatowasfried,thewaterinsidethepotatoturnedintovapor(水蒸氣).Thevaporcreatedpressurewhenreleasedfromthepotato.Thepressureinsidethepotatoallowedthebubblestogooutandlettheoilcomein,accordingtotheresearchpaper.Itshowedthat“fryingcanoccurinspace”.Thisisn’tthefirstattemptforscientiststodeep-fryFrenchfriesin“space”.Earlyin2014,agroupofresearchersconductedstudiesundervariousgravity.Theagency’slargecentrifuge(離心機)cancreateartificialgravityfrom1to20g,with“g”referringtothegravitationalaccelerationatthesurfaceoftheEarth.Ithasfourarmsandcanspinfast.Duringthespin,thingsheldbythearmareundercentrifugalforce,whichisthesourceofartificialgravity.Thefrieswerecookedunderdifferentgravityfrom1to9g.TheydiscoveredthattheFrenchfrieshadthemostcrispy(脆的)chipsunder3g.It’sinterestingtomentionthatJupiter’sgravityis2.4timesthatofEarth’sgravity.So,FrenchfriesmayhavetheperfecttasteifcookedonJupiter,comparedwithotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。由于太空的微重力環(huán)境以及缺乏浮力,科學家長期以來認為炸薯條是不可能的。最近的一項研究表明在太空中可以進行炸薯條。5.WhatmaymakefryingFrenchFriespossibleinspace?A.Thereleaseofbubbles. B.Thetransformationofgravity.C.Thereductionofvapor. D.Theaccumulationofbuoyancy.√解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“OnEarth,wehavegravity...sothatthefriesarecooked.”可知,地球上有重力和浮力。重力能夠確保油在鍋里,浮力能讓薯條里的氣泡散發(fā)出來,這樣炸薯條就做成了。再根據(jù)“Inspace,whichisunder...thatfryingwasn’tpossible.”可知,在擁有微重力的太空中沒有浮力。因此,科學家們一直認為炸薯條是不可能的。由此可推知,烹制炸薯條的前提是使薯條中的氣泡散發(fā)出來。故選A項。6.Whydidtheplaneheaddownlikearollercoaster?A.Tomakeaweightlesssense. B.Togetappropriatepressure.C.Totestthesealofthecontainer.D.Tocreateexperimentconditions.√解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theplane...headeddownjustlikearollercoaster.Therewereabout20secondsofmicrogravity...duringwhichtheteamdidtests.”可知,飛機爬到一定高度后像過山車一樣俯沖。在這個過程中,有20秒的時間飛機處于微重力狀態(tài),在此期間,團隊進行了試驗。由此可推知,飛機像過山車一樣俯沖的目的是創(chuàng)造試驗條件。故選D項。7.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningthestudiesconductedin2014?A.Toshowthefunctionofthecentrifuge.B.Tofindcommongroun