高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省信陽市固始縣2024-2025學年高一下學期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AUREssentialsisaconvenientandcost-effectivetextbookrentalprogramthatprovidesundergraduatestudentswithalltheirrequiredcoursematerialsonorbeforethefirstdayofclass.Whiletheprogramwillprovidealltextbooks,e-textbooks,manuals,andaccesskeys,freeofcharge,itwillnotprovidesingleusematerialssuchaslabgoggles,engineeringkits,andnursingkits.Oncestudentshaveregisteredforclasses,thebookstorewillreceivecourselistsandbeginpreparingmaterials.Onemonthbeforeclassesstart,studentswillreceiveanemailaskingiftheywouldprefertopickuptheirmaterialsinthestoreorhavethemshippeddirectly.DigitalmaterialswillbemadeavailablethroughBlackboardonline.Undergraduatestudentswillbeautomatically(自動地)registeredintheprogram,thoughtheycanchoosetodropout.Droppingoutwillnotreducefees,asthecostoftheprogramisincludedintuition.Ifstudentsdecidetodropaclass,andhavealreadypickeduptheirmaterials,theyshouldreturnthosematerialswithin48hours.Studentswillberequiredtoreturntextbooksbeforethelastdayoffinalexamsinagivensemester,despitethelengthofthecourse.Ifstudentswanttokeeptheirtextbooksattheendofthesemester,theycanbuythematareducedprice.1.WhatisthepurposeofUREssentials?A.Toreducetheyearlytuition. B.Toadvertiseforbookstores.C.Tolowerthecostofcoursematerials. D.Toinformthestudentsoftakingclasses.2.Whatisprovidedbytheprogramforfree?A.Nursingkits. B.First-aidtools.C.E-mailaccounts. D.Physicaltextbooks.3.Whenshouldstudentsreturnmaterialsiftheydropoutregisteredclasses?A.In2days. B.Inaweek.C.Onthefirstdayofclass. D.Onthelastdayoffinalexams.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了UREssentials是一個方便且經(jīng)濟的教科書租賃項目，它為本科生提供課程所需材料的相關情況。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“UREssentialsisaconvenientandcost-effectivetextbookrentalprogramthatprovidesundergraduatestudentswithalltheirrequiredcoursematerialsonorbeforethefirstdayofclass.(UREssentials是一個方便且經(jīng)濟的教科書租賃項目，在上課第一天或之前為本科生提供所有所需的課程材料)”可知，Essentials是一個方便且經(jīng)濟的教科書租賃項目，可以降低課程材料的成本。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whiletheprogramwillprovidealltextbooks,e-textbooks,manuals,andaccesskeys,freeofcharge,itwillnotprovidesingleusematerialssuchaslabgoggles,engineeringkits,andnursingkits.(雖然該項目將免費提供所有教科書、電子教科書、手冊和訪問密鑰，但它不會提供一次性用品，如實驗室護目鏡、工程工具包和護理工具包)”可知，實體教科書是免費提供的。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifstudentsdecidetodropaclass,andhavealreadypickeduptheirmaterials,theyshouldreturnthosematerialswithin48hours.(如果學生決定退課，并且已經(jīng)領取了材料，他們應該在48小時內(nèi)歸還這些材料)”可知，48小時即2天內(nèi)需要歸還資料。故選A。BSatelliteimagesandthelatestscientificstudiesmayaccuratelyinformushowquicklytheworld’sglaciersaremelting.ButAmericanadventurerGarrettFisher’smissionisdifferent:touncoverthe“souls”ofdisappearingglaciers—ashebelievessatelliteimagescan’treplicate(復制)thebeautyofglaciers.Manyglacierscan’tbeaccessedonfoot,orbydrone,andhelicoptersareextremelyexpensive.Therefore,Fisherflewanoldplaneandhunghiscameraoutofthewindow.“Withanaeroplane,Ican‘stand’inaplacewhereahumancan’tstand,”hesays.“Youcanlookdownintothesouloftheglacierfromacloseperspective.”FisherhasspenttwosummersphotographingtheglaciersoftheBerneseAlps.Hechoosesthesummerbecausetheglaciersstandoutclearlyagainstthesurroundingsnow.Hehastowaitforsunshineandthenbraveviolentandunpredictablewinds—aswellasalackofoxygen—toclimbashighas14,000ftintheBerneseAlps.“Ittakesalongtimetowaitfortherightkindofday.Theconventionalwisdomisthatthewindcannotbehigherthan20knotsbutI’vegoneupinasmuchas50.Athighaltitudes,thewindtendsnottobeturbulent(猛烈的)ifyou’reonthepropersideofthemountain.Soit’salotlikesurfingthisgiantwave:ifyoustayintherightspot,everything’sfine.”Indeepvalleys,heisusuallyoutofradiocontact.Ifhisplanegetsintotrouble,theglacierslooklikeadecentemergencyrunway,butappearancesaremisleading.“ThosecracksaresolargethatiftheenginequitsandIgoinone,theauthoritiesprobablywouldn’teverfindmeagain,”hesays.“Theriskishuge,butit’sabsolutelyworthit.”Fisher’sflyingisshowingtherapidmeltingofglaciers.“EverythingI’mlookingatwillbegoneinthreegenerations.”Hehasnowsetupanon-profitgroup,theGlobalGlacierInitiative,withtheaimofcollectingapersonalpictorialrecordofglacierstorecordwhatisbeinglostandcampaignformoredecisiveactiontofighttheclimatecrisis.“I’mwillingtotakethenext20yearsandgochaseeverysingleglacierIcanfindontheplanet,”hesays.4.Fisherphotographsglaciersbyaeroplaneto_______.A.ensurethesafetyduringflight B.catchthebeautyofglaciersupcloseC.standonsomefamousglaciers D.collectaccuratedataofglaciermelting5.WhatcanwelearnfromFisher’sphotographingexperience?A.Hecopedwithhigh-altitudeflyingskillfully.B.Hechosesummertoavoidtheunpredictablewinds.C.Heregardedglaciersasapracticalemergencyrunway.D.Hemanagedtokeepcontactwiththeoutsideinacrack.6.ThelastparagraphemphasizesFisher’s_______.A.anxietyovertherapidmeltingofglaciersB.determinationtorecorddisappearingglaciersC.ambitiontosetarecordforphotographingglaciersD.frustrationwithcurrentactionsagainstclimatecrisis7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeFisher?A.Adventurousandfar-sighted. B.Optimisticandsoft-hearted.C.Talentedandstrong-willed. D.Devotedandopen-minded.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了美國探險家加勒特·費舍爾（GarrettFisher）通過駕駛老式飛機，近距離拍攝正在消失的冰川，以記錄它們的美麗并喚起人們對氣候變化危機的關注?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButAmericanadventurerGarrettFisher’smissionisdifferent:touncoverthe“souls”ofdisappearingglaciers—ashebelievessatelliteimagescan’treplicatethebeautyofglaciers.(但美國冒險家加勒特·費舍爾的使命不同：去揭示正在消失的冰川的“靈魂”——因為他認為衛(wèi)星圖像無法復制冰川的美。)”以及第二段中““Withanaeroplane,Ican‘stand’inaplacewhereahumancan’tstand,”hesays.“Youcanlookdownintothesouloftheglacierfromacloseperspective.”(“有了飛機，我就能‘站’在人類無法站立的地方，”他說?！澳憧梢詮慕嚯x俯瞰冰川的靈魂?！?”可知，費舍爾乘坐飛機拍攝冰川是為了近距離捕捉冰川的美麗。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hehastowaitforsunshineandthenbraveviolentandunpredictablewinds—aswellasalackofoxygen—toclimbashighas14,000ftintheBerneseAlps.“Ittakesalongtimetowaitfortherightkindofday.Theconventionalwisdomisthatthewindcannotbehigherthan20knotsbutI’vegoneupinasmuchas50.Athighaltitudes,thewindtendsnottobeturbulentifyou’reonthepropersideofthemountain.Soit’salotlikesurfingthisgiantwave:ifyoustayintherightspot,everything’sfine.”(他必須等待陽光，然后要勇敢面對狂風和變幻莫測的氣流，還要應對缺氧問題，才能在伯爾尼阿爾卑斯山脈攀登至14,000英尺的高度?！暗却线m的天氣需要很長時間。一般的經(jīng)驗是，風速不能超過20節(jié)，但我曾在風速高達50節(jié)的情況下登山。在高海拔地區(qū)，如果你處于山的合適一側(cè)，風往往不會那么猛烈。所以這很像在駕馭巨浪：如果你待在合適的位置，一切就都沒問題。”)”可知，費舍爾在拍攝過程中，需要應對高海拔、強風和缺氧等挑戰(zhàn)，但他能夠巧妙地應對這些挑戰(zhàn)，說明他熟練地應對了高空飛行。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fisher’sflyingisshowingtherapidmeltingofglaciers.“EverythingI’mlookingatwillbegoneinthreegenerations.”Hehasnowsetupanon-profitgroup,theGlobalGlacierInitiative,withtheaimofcollectingapersonalpictorialrecordofglacierstorecordwhatisbeinglostandcampaignformoredecisiveactiontofighttheclimatecrisis.“I’mwillingtotakethenext20yearsandgochaseeverysingleglacierIcanfindontheplanet,”hesays.(費舍爾的飛行展示了冰川的快速融化?！拔宜吹降囊磺性谌酥蠖紝⑾??！彼F(xiàn)在成立了一個非營利組織“全球冰川倡議”，旨在收集冰川的個人圖片記錄，以記錄正在失去的東西，并發(fā)起運動，呼吁采取更果斷的行動來應對氣候危機。“我愿意在接下來的20年里，去追尋地球上我能找到的每一條冰川，”他說。)”可知，最后一段強調(diào)了費舍爾記錄正在消失的冰川的決心。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manyglacierscan’tbeaccessedonfoot,orbydrone,andhelicoptersareextremelyexpensive.Therefore,Fisherflewanoldplaneandhunghiscameraoutofthewindow.(許多冰川無法步行或使用無人機到達，而且直升機非常昂貴。因此，費舍爾駕駛一架舊飛機，把相機掛在窗外。)”以及最后一段中“I'mwillingtotakethenext20yearsandgochaseeverysingleglacierIcanfindontheplanet.(我愿意用接下來的20年去追尋地球上我能找到的每一座冰川。)”可知，費舍爾敢于冒險，駕駛老式飛機拍攝冰川，并且他愿意花費20年的時間去追尋每一座冰川，著眼于冰川保護和氣候危機應對,說明他具有遠見卓識。因此，A項“Adventurousandfar-sighted.(冒險和有遠見的)”最能描述費舍爾。故選A項。CMostpeopleseeinnovationasaflashofbrillianceandEureka,anewworldisborn.WhenAlexanderFlemingreturnedtohislabin1928,hefoundabacteriaculturehehadgrownwasinfectedbyfungus(霉菌),killinganycoloniesittouched.Ratherthansimplystartingover,Flemingswitchedhisfocustothefungus.Heidentifiedthebacteria-killingsubstance,whichhecalled“penicillin”,andseeminglyinasinglestroke,createdthenewfieldofantibiotics.Thetruth,however,ismessier.Itwasn’tuntil1943thatpenicillincameintowidespreaduse.ToputFleming’sdiscoveryincontext,considerIgnazSemmelweis,whopioneeredhandwashinginmaternitywards(產(chǎn)房),significantlyreducingchildbedfeverbutreceivingscorninsteadoffame.Thatwasbecauseinthe1850s,hisideasconflictedwiththepopularmiasmatheory,whichattributeddiseaseto“badairs”.Afterhisdeathin1865,germtheorywasaccepted,pavingthewayforFleming’slaterwork.Flemingwasagiftedbiologistbutapoorcommunicator.Whenhepublishedhisresultsin1929,fewtooknotice.In1935,HowardFloreyandErnstChaindiscoveredFleming’spaper,understooditsimportance,anddevelopedmethodstoproducepenicillininquantity.By1943,withWorldWarIIraging,theWarProductionBoardenlisted21companiestomass-producepenicillin,savingcountlesslivesandusheringinthenewageofantibiotics.Fleming,FloreyandChainreceivedtheNobelPrizeforMedicinein1945.Penicillinowesmuchofitssuccesstogovernmentsupport.FormanyothergroundbreakinginnovationsliketheInternetandGPS,theirinnovators,whilecarvingtheirownpath,areoftenuncertainofwheretheopportunityliesuntiltheyteamupwithothervisionariesandcorporations,whomighthavetheresourcestofast-tracktheirideas.So,lookatanysignificantinnovationandthemythofthelonegeniusandthe“eurekamoment”breaksdown.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anaccountofalabstory. B.Redefinitionofatraditionalview.C.Correctionofapopularmisconception. D.Ananalysisofascientificphenomenon.9.WhatisthemessageconveyedaboutFleming’sstory?A.Greatmindsthinkalike.B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C.Luck’sgotyourbackwhenitcomestosuccess.D.Earlyworkisasteppingstonetolaterbreakthroughs.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“usheringin”meaninparagraph3?A.Delaying. B.Introducing. C.Predicting. D.Transforming.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.GreatInnovations:IndividualsAreTrueHeroes.B.FromFailuretoSuccess:TheStoryofPenicillin.C.TheLoneGenius:Fleming’sDiscoveryofPenicillin.D.TheLongRoadtoPenicillin:HowInnovationHappens.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過講述青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)、早期未受重視、后續(xù)量產(chǎn)推廣的過程，結(jié)合塞麥爾維斯在產(chǎn)房推行洗手卻遭冷遇的例子，揭示重大創(chuàng)新并非是某個天才“靈光一閃”的產(chǎn)物，而是多方面因素共同作用的結(jié)果?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“MostpeopleseeinnovationasaflashofbrillianceandEureka,anewworldisborn.WhenAlexanderFlemingreturnedtohislabin1928,hefoundabacteriaculturehehadgrownwasinfectedbyfungus(霉菌),killinganycoloniesittouched.Ratherthansimplystartingover,Flemingswitchedhisfocustothefungus.Heidentifiedthebacteria-killingsubstance,whichhecalled“penicillin”,andseeminglyinasinglestroke,createdthenewfieldofantibiotics.Thetruth,however,ismessier.Itwasn’tuntil1943thatpenicillincameintowidespreaduse.(大多數(shù)人將創(chuàng)新視為靈光一現(xiàn)的“尤里卡時刻”（即靈感突現(xiàn)的瞬間），仿佛一聲“尤里卡”，新世界便隨之誕生。1928年，亞歷山大?弗萊明回到實驗室時，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己培養(yǎng)的細菌培養(yǎng)基被霉菌污染，而霉菌所到之處，細菌菌落均被殺死。他沒有簡單地從頭再來，而是將研究重點轉(zhuǎn)向了這種霉菌。他鑒定出了這種殺菌物質(zhì)，并將其命名為“青霉素”——看似一蹴而就間，他開創(chuàng)了抗生素這一全新領域。但事實遠比這復雜。直到1943年，青霉素才得以廣泛應用。)”可知，在第一段中，作者先指出大眾對創(chuàng)新的普遍認知，隨后通過弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素的例子，用“however”轉(zhuǎn)折強調(diào)“事實遠比這復雜”，即糾正了人們對創(chuàng)新過程的誤解。故選C。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Flemingwasagiftedbiologistbutapoorcommunicator.Whenhepublishedhisresultsin1929,fewtooknotice.In1935,HowardFloreyandErnstChaindiscoveredFleming’spaper,understooditsimportance,anddevelopedmethodstoproducepenicillininquantity.By1943,withWorldWarIIraging,theWarProductionBoardenlisted21companiestomass-producepenicillin,savingcountlesslivesandusheringinthenewageofantibiotics.Fleming,FloreyandChainreceivedtheNobelPrizeforMedicinein1945.(弗萊明是一位天賦異稟的生物學家，但不擅長溝通。1929年，他發(fā)表了自己的研究成果，卻幾乎無人關注。1935年，霍華德?弗洛里和恩斯特?錢恩發(fā)現(xiàn)了弗萊明的論文，意識到其重要性，并開發(fā)了批量生產(chǎn)青霉素的方法。到1943年，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)正如火如荼，美國戰(zhàn)爭生產(chǎn)委員會召集21家公司大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)青霉素，拯救了無數(shù)生命，也開創(chuàng)了抗生素的新時代。弗萊明、弗洛里和錢恩于1945年共同獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎。)”可知，弗萊明的成果最初無人關注，直到弗洛里和錢恩發(fā)現(xiàn)其論文并推動量產(chǎn)，最終借助政府和企業(yè)資源實現(xiàn)突破。由此可推測，弗萊明的初步發(fā)現(xiàn)、弗洛里團隊的開發(fā)，均體現(xiàn)早期成果為后續(xù)突破鋪路的邏輯。故選D。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句“By1943,withWorldWarIIraging,theWarProductionBoardenlisted21companiestomass-producepenicillin,savingcountlesslivesandusheringinthenewageofantibiotics.(到1943年，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)正如火如荼，美國戰(zhàn)爭生產(chǎn)委員會召集21家公司大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)青霉素，拯救了無數(shù)生命，也……抗生素的新時代。)”可知，青霉素的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)拯救了生命，由此開啟了抗生素的新時代。劃線單詞的意思和“開創(chuàng)、引入”相似。選項B“introducing”意為“引入”，與此相符。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章通過青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)與應用過程，揭示了創(chuàng)新并非“靈光一現(xiàn)”，而是依賴前人研究積累、團隊協(xié)作、資源支持等多方面因素的長期過程。選項D“TheLongRoadtoPenicillin:HowInnovationHappens.(青霉素的漫長之路：創(chuàng)新如何發(fā)生。)”既涵蓋青霉素從發(fā)現(xiàn)到應用的漫長過程，又點明文章對創(chuàng)新本質(zhì)的探討，契合主旨。故選D。DInhisbookonbasketballgreatBillBradley,writerJohnMcPheeproposesthatBradley’sgreatestassethadlittletodowithspeed,strength,orflexibility.Ithadtodowithhiseyes.TheworkofUniversityofNotreDameresearcherMatthewRobisonsuggeststhatMcPheemayhavebeenontosomething.InarecentstudyRobisondocumentedaphenomenonineyemovement—thatlinksasteady,focusedgazewithhigherlevelsofperformance.Hemadethediscoverythankstotheuniquecapabilitiesofhislab,whichincludesoveradozenadvancedinstrumentsfortrackingeyemovement.Thesedevicescaptureimagesoftheeyeseveryfourmilliseconds,providing250framespersecond.ThisdetailedlookattheeyesallowsRobi-sonto“read”thecomplexlanguageofminuteeyemovement.Recently,though,Robisonhasbeenmostinterestednotinwhyoureyesmove,butinwhywemight—ormightwantto—keepthemstill.Hewasinspiredtoexplorethemeaningofasteadygazebytheworkofappliedsportspsychologistshelpingathletesachievehighlevelsofperformance.“Sportspsychologistsregularlyadvisethatifyou’reshootingafreethrowinbasketball,pickaspotontheedgeandfocusonitforafewseconds.Thenshootthefreethrow.Theadviceseemssoundinmanycases.Butthecausalpathwaybehindthisphenomenonhasnotbeenthoroughlydemonstratedorexplained.”Robisonexplains.Robisonassumedthatasteadygazehadtodowithattentioncontrolandbetterperformance.Totesthisassumption,herecruited（招募）nearly400participants.Robisonfoundthatacrosstheboard,thoseparticipantswhokepttheirgazesteadyinthemomentsjustbeforebeingcalledupontocompleteataskperformedwithgreaterspeedandwithgreateraccuracy.HisworksuggestedanotherquestionforRobisontoexplore:Woulditbepossibletotrainindividualstoperformbetterbytrainingthemindevelopingasteadiergaze?SoRobisonlaunchedanewthree-yearprojectfocusedonansweringit.12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMcPhee’sobservationofBillBradley?A.Itlackedscientificbasisatthetime. B.Itrevolutionizedbasketballtraining.C.Itmatchedlaterscientificfindings. D.Itcontradictedtraditionalcoachingmethods.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minute”inparagraph2mean?A.Time-related. B.Extremelysmall.C.Carefullyrecorded. D.Scientificallyimportant.14.WhatistheRobison’sattitudetowardthesportspsychologyadvice?A.Indifferentduetolackoftheoreticalsupport. B.Temporarilyacceptablebutrequiringevidence.C.Supportivewithoutreservation. D.Criticalofitsoversimplification.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEvolutionofBasketballTrainingTechniquesB.EyeTrackingTechnology:FromTheorytoPracticeC.TheScienceBehindaSteadyGazeandPeakPerformanceD.BillBradley:ACaseStudyinAthleticExcellence【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定專注的凝視與更高水平的表現(xiàn)相關及研究過程?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“InhisbookonbasketballgreatBillBradley,writerJohnMcPheeproposesthatBradley’sgreatestassethadlittletodowithspeed,strength,orflexibility.Ithadtodowithhiseyes.TheworkofUniversityofNotreDameresearcherMatthewRobisonsuggeststhatMcPheemayhavebeenontosomething.(在作家約翰?麥克菲關于籃球巨星比爾?布拉德利的書中，他提出布拉德利最大的優(yōu)勢與速度、力量或靈活性關系不大，而與他的眼睛有關。圣母大學研究員馬修?羅賓遜的研究表明，麥克菲的說法或許有幾分道理。)”可知，麥克菲對比爾·布拉德利的觀察與后來的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)相吻合。故選C項?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesedevicescaptureimagesoftheeyeseveryfourmilliseconds,providing250framespersecond.ThisdetailedlookattheeyesallowsRobisonto“read”thecomplexlanguageofminuteeyemovement.(這些設備每四毫秒捕捉一次眼睛圖像，每秒提供250幀。這種對眼睛的細致觀察使羅賓遜能夠“解讀”minute眼球運動的復雜語言。)”可知，設備能捕捉到非常細致的眼睛圖像，因此可以解讀的是“極其微小的”眼球運動，“minute”在此處意為“Extremelysmall”。故選B項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theadviceseemssoundinmanycases.Butthecausalpathwaybehindthisphenomenonhasnotbeenthoroughlydemonstratedorexplained.(這個建議在很多情況下似乎是合理的。但這一現(xiàn)象背后的因果路徑尚未得到徹底的證明或解釋。)”可知，羅賓遜認為運動心理學的建議暫時可以接受，但需要證據(jù)支持。故選B項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中的“aphenomenonineyemovement—thatlinksasteady,focusedgazewithhigherlevelsofperformance.(一種眼球運動現(xiàn)象——將穩(wěn)定、專注的凝視與更高水平的表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系起來。)”及下文對該現(xiàn)象的研究可知，文章主要圍繞穩(wěn)定凝視與最佳表現(xiàn)背后的科學原理展開，因此“穩(wěn)定凝視與最佳表現(xiàn)背后的科學”最適合作為標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Readingisakeyskillthatrequiresyoutobeabletoidentifyandfindpropermaterials,andthenreadthemwithaspecificaiminmind.Thinkingaboutthepurposeofyourreadingcanhelpyoumakeareadinglistmoreeffectively.Startwithasmartmethod.Whenyoustartreadingabook,don’tjustbeginfromthefirstpageandreadstraightthrough.____16____Thesepartsoftensummarizethemainideas.Forresearchpapers,startbyreadingtheabstract,andthenmoveontotheconclusion(結(jié)論)anddiscussionparts.____17____Focusontaskrequirements.Ifyou’rereadingforatask,likewritinganessayorareport,alwayskeepthetaskrequirementsinmind.____18____Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepartsofthereadingthatareusefulforyourwork.Don’twastetimeoninformationthatisn’tconnectedtothetopic.Dealwithonlinereadingwithtools.____19____Readingonascreencanbetiringanddistracting(令人分心的).Buttherearetoolstohelp.Forexample,Microsofthasa“ReadAloud”featurethatcanreadtextsforyou.Onyourphoneortablet,thereareappslikeVoiceDreamReaderthatcanmakescreenreadingeasier.____20____Finally,don’tbeafraidtostopreadingsomethingifit’snothelpful.Youcancomebacktoitlater.Setatimelimitforeachreadingsessionandtakebreaks.Thiswillhelpyoustayfocusedandmakethemostofyourreadingtime.Withthesetips,youcanbecomeamoreefficientandeffectivereader.A.Lookforareadingpartner.B.Manageyourreadingtimewisely.C.Thinkaboutwhatthetaskasksyoutodo.D.Nowadays,alotofreadingmaterialsareonline.E.Instead,readtheintroductiontoandconclusionofeachpart.F.However,youshouldcarefullythinkaboutitbeforeyoutakeaction.G.Thisway,youcanquicklyunderstandthemainpointsofthereadingmaterial.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.D20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章給出提升閱讀效率的建議：用聰明方法開篇，關注任務要求，借工具處理在線閱讀，合理管理閱讀時間?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Whenyoustartreadingabook,don’tjustbeginfromthefirstpageandreadstraightthrough.(開始讀一本書時，不要只是從第一頁開始一直讀下去。)”提到開始讀書時不要從第一頁直接通讀，E選項“Instead,readtheintroductiontoandconclusionofeachpart.(相反，閱讀每個部分的引言和結(jié)論。)”與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，且“introduction”和“conclusion”與后文“Thesepartsoftensummarizethemainideas.(這些部分通常總結(jié)了主要觀點。)”中的“Theseparts”相呼應，符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Forresearchpapers,startbyreadingtheabstract,andthenmoveontotheconclusion(結(jié)論)anddiscussionparts.(對于研究論文，從閱讀摘要開始，然后進入結(jié)論和討論部分。)”指出對于研究論文，先讀摘要，再讀結(jié)論和討論部分，G選項“Thisway,youcanquicklyunderstandthemainpointsofthereadingmaterial.(通過這種方式，你可以快速理解閱讀材料的要點。)”說明了這樣做的好處，承接上文，邏輯連貫。故選G項?！?8題詳析】本段主題是“Focusontaskrequirements.(關注任務要求。)”C選項“Thinkaboutwhatthetaskasksyoutodo.(思考任務要求你做什么。)”與主題呼應，且后文“Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepartsofthereadingthatareusefulforyourwork.(這將幫助你專注于閱讀中對工作有用的部分。)”中的“This”指代該選項內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選C項。【19題詳析】本段主題是“Dealwithonlinereadingwithtools.(用工具處理在線閱讀。)”D選項“Nowadays,alotofreadingmaterialsareonline.(如今，很多閱讀材料都在網(wǎng)上。)”引出在線閱讀這一話題，為后文介紹相關工具做鋪墊，符合邏輯。故選D項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Setatimelimitforeachreadingsessionandtakebreaks.Thiswillhelpyoustayfocusedandmakethemostofyourreadingtime.(為每次閱讀設置時間限制并休息。這將幫助你保持專注并充分利用閱讀時間。)”講的是為每次閱讀設置時間限制并休息。B選項“Manageyourreadingtimewisely.(明智地管理你的閱讀時間。)”能夠概括這部分內(nèi)容，適合作為本段主題句。故選B項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Beforemygrandmapassedaway,ourfamilyhadspenteveryThanksgivingatherhouse.Herhomewasalwayswarm,withtheovenandstove____21____sincemorning.Shewouldpreparea____22____,includingpies,meatsandvegetables,amongwhichthericeandgravy(肉汁)wasmyfavorite.It’swhatcomesto____23____whenIthinkofThanksgiving.GrowinguphalfChineseandhalfAmerican,IusedtofeellikeIdidn’t____24____eitherculture.The____25____ofmyChineseheritage—neitherCantoneseathomenortraditionalChineseholidaycelebration—mademefeelthatIwasn’t“Chineseenough”.Thisfeeling____26____fromthehistoryofmyfamily.Whenmygrandma’sparentsfirstcametoAmerica,theyhadto____27____anewenvironmentandhaddifficultyadaptingtoit.Mygrandmawasevenadvisedtointegrateintothelocalcultureinsteadofjust____28____herChineseheritage.Similarly,inschool,Iwasoncetaughtthatculturewassomethingnecessarilyforeignthatbelongedtoothers,butlaterIslowly____29____itwasactuallyapartofeveryone’slife.NowIgraduallyacceptmymixed____30____.It’sasymbolofprogressand____31____.Likethenow-commonphrase“l(fā)ongtimenosee”____32____fromChinese,riceandgravyisasimilartypeofculturaltranslation.It’sadeliciousreminderthatwecan____33____ourpastwiththepresent,creatingsomething____34____tomyfamily.Thanksgivingforusisn’tjustaboutgivingthanks;it’saboutcelebratingwhoweare—afamilythat____35____ourChineserootsandourAmericanlife.21.A.rolling B.cooling C.alarming D.running22.A.feast B.stew C.picnic D.barbecue23.A.reality B.power C.mind D.attention24.A.comeacross B.fitinto C.passdown D.respondto25.A.loss B.spirit C.mess D.variety26.A.suffered B.resulted C.escaped D.recovered27.A.protect B.improve C.face D.affect28.A.exploring B.rejecting C.recording D.preserving29.A.realized B.announced C.doubted D.complained30.A.principle B.mission C.identity D.religion31.A.necessity B.invention C.intention D.diversity32.A.separated B.translated C.copied D.selected33.A.compare B.replace C.measure D.connect34.A.unique B.odd C.strange D.normal35.A.confuses B.balances C.accepts D.removes【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者是中美混血，曾不適應兩種文化，后接納多元身份，認為感恩節(jié)是對家族中西方根源與生活的融合慶祝?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的家總是暖暖的，烤箱和爐子從早上就一直運轉(zhuǎn)著。A.rolling滾動；B.cooling冷卻；C.alarming警告；D.running運轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Herhomewasalwayswarm”和下文“Shewouldpreparea_______,includingpies,meatsandvegetables”可知，感恩節(jié)為準備大餐，烤箱和爐子需運轉(zhuǎn)，running符合語境。故選D項。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她會準備一場盛宴，包括餡餅、肉類和蔬菜，其中米飯和肉汁是我的最愛。A.feast盛宴；B.stew燉的菜；C.picnic野餐；D.barbecue燒烤。根據(jù)下文“includingpies,meatsandvegetables”以及語境可知，祖母在感恩節(jié)準備豐盛的大餐，feast“盛宴”符合語境。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我想到感恩節(jié)時，它就會浮現(xiàn)在腦海中。A.reality現(xiàn)實；B.power力量；C.mind大腦，頭腦；D.attention注意力。根據(jù)下文“whenIthinkofThanksgiving”以及語境可知，這里指作者想到感恩節(jié)，這樣的盛宴就會浮現(xiàn)在腦海中，sthcometomind為固定搭配，意為“某物浮現(xiàn)在腦海，想起某物”符合語境，體現(xiàn)在作者心目中米飯和肉汁與感恩節(jié)的緊密關聯(lián)。故選C項。【24題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：作為半個中國人和半個美國人長大，我曾經(jīng)覺得自己沒有融入任何一種文化。A.comeacross偶遇；B.fitinto融入；C.passdown傳承，流傳；D.respondto回應。根據(jù)上文“GrowinguphalfChineseandhalfAmerican”以及下文“mademefeelthatIwasn’t“Chineseenough””可知，這里指作者作為混血兒，覺得自己無法融入任一文化，故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：中國傳統(tǒng)文化的缺失——家里既不說粵語，也不慶祝中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——讓我覺得自己“不夠中國”。A.loss缺失；B.spirit精神；C.mess混亂；D.variety多樣化，不同種類。根據(jù)下文“neitherCantoneseathomenortraditionalChineseholidaycelebration”可知，此處指作者中國傳統(tǒng)和文化的缺失。故選A項。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種感覺源于我的家族歷史。A.suffered(from)（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦；B.resulted(from)由……引起，因……發(fā)生；C.escaped(from)從……中逃離，逃脫；D.recovered(from)從……中恢復，好轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)下文“ Whenmygrandma’sparentsfirstcametoAmerica,theyhadto

________

anewenvironmentandhaddifficultyadaptingtoit.Mygrandmawasevenadvisedtointegrateintothelocalcultureinsteadofjust

________

herChineseheritage.

”可知，作者“感覺自己不夠中國”是源于其家族歷史，resultedfrom表示“由……引起”，符合語境。故選B項。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我外婆的父母第一次來到美國時，他們不得不面對新的環(huán)境，很難適應。A.protect保護；B.improve改善；C.face面對；D.affect影響。根據(jù)上文“Whenmygrandma’sparentsfirstcametoAmerica”以及語境可知，這里指初到美國，首先要面對新環(huán)境，face符合語境。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至有人建議我外婆融入當?shù)匚幕?，而不是僅僅保留她的中國傳統(tǒng)。A.exploring探索；B.rejecting拒絕；C.recording記錄；D.preserving保留。根據(jù)上文“integrateintothelocalculture”以及insteadof可知，與“融入當?shù)匚幕毕鄬Φ氖恰氨Ａ糁袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)”，此處指融入當?shù)匚幕?，而不是僅僅保留她的中國傳統(tǒng)，preserving符合語境。故選D項。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣，在學校里，我曾經(jīng)被教導說文化必然是屬于他人的外來事物，但后來我慢慢意識到它實際上是每個人生活的一部分。A.realized意識到；B.announced宣布；C.doubted懷疑；D.complained抱怨。根據(jù)上文“inschool,Iwasoncetaughtthatculturewassomethingnecessarilyforeignthatbelongedtoothers”以及“butlaterIslowly

”可知，作者在學校接受的教育是文化必然是屬于他人的外來事物，但是后來作者慢慢有了自己的認知，意識到文化實際上是每個人生活的一部分，realized體現(xiàn)作者的認知變化。故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我逐漸接受了自己的混合身份。A.principle原則；B.mission使命；C.identity身份；D.religion宗教。根據(jù)上文“GrowinguphalfChineseandhalfAmerican”可知，作者是一半是中國人，一半是美國人，這是一種混合身份。故選C項?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它是進步和多樣性的象征。A.necessity必要性，必需品；B.invention發(fā)明；C.intention意圖；D.diversity多樣性。根據(jù)上文“NowIgraduallyacceptmymixed____10____.”以及“itwasactuallyapartofeveryone’slife”可知，作者認識到文化實際上是每個人生活的一部分，自己的混合身份體現(xiàn)了文化的多樣性。故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就像現(xiàn)在常見的短語“l(fā)ongtimenosee”是從中文翻譯而來的一樣，米飯和肉汁也是一種類似的文化轉(zhuǎn)化。A.separated分離；B.translated翻譯；C.copied復制；D.selected選擇，挑選。根據(jù)下文“fromChinese”及“asimilartypeofculturaltranslation”可知，“l(fā)ongtimenosee”是由中文翻譯到英文的表達，translated與translation相呼應。故選B項。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個美妙的提醒，我們可以將過去與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來，為我的家庭創(chuàng)造一些獨特的東西。A.compare比較；B.replace代替；C.measure測量；D.connect聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“ourpastwiththepresent”以及語境可知，這里