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高三英語閱讀理解提高訓(xùn)練一、高中英語閱讀理解1.閱讀理解
PassingthroughtheAtlantaairportonemorning,Icaughtoneofthosetrainsthattaketravelersfromthemainterminaltotheirboardinggates.Free,andimpersonal,thetrainsrunbackandforthalldaylong.Notmanypeopleconsiderthemfun,butonthisSaturdayIheardlaughter.Atthefrontofthefirstcar–lookingoutthewindowatthetrackthatlayahead–wereamanandhisson.
Wehadjuststoppedtoletoffpassengers,andthedoorswereclosingagain."Herewego!Holdontometight!"thefathersaid.Theboy,aboutfiveyearsold,madesoundsofsheerdelight.
Iknowwe'resupposedtoavoidmakingracialdistinctions(種族歧視)thesedays,soIhopenoonewillmindifImentionthatmostpeopleonthetrainwerewhite,dressedforbusinesstripsorvacations.
AsIgotoff,IrememberedsomethingI'dwantedtobuyintheterminal.Iwasearlyformyflight,soIdecidedtogoback.
Idid–andjustasIwasabouttoreboardthetrainformygate,Isawthatthemanandhissonhadreturnedtoo.Irealizedthenthattheyhadn'tbeenheadingforaflight,buthadjustbeenridingtheshuttle.
"Iwanttoridesomemore!"
"More?"thefathersaid,mock-exasperated(嗔怪模仿)butclearlypleased."You'renottired?"
"Thisisfun!"hissonsaid.
"Allright,"thefatherreplied,andwhenadooropenedweallgoton.
ThereareparentswhocanaffordtosendtheirchildrentoEuropeorDisneyland,butthechildrenturnoutrotten.Thereareparentswholiveinmillion-dollarhousesandgivetheirchildrencarsandswimmingpools,yetsomethinggoeswrong.Richandpoor,blackandwhite,somuchgoeswrongsooften.
"Whereareallthesepeoplegoing,Daddy?"thesonasked.
"Allovertheworld,"camethereply.Theotherpeopleintheairportwereleavingfordistantdestinationsorarrivingattheendsoftheirjourneys.Thefatherandson,though,werejustridingthisshuttletogether,makingitexciting,sharingeachother'scompany.(1)Whydidthefathertakehissontoridethetrain?A.
Totaketheflight.
B.
Toreceivesomeone.C.
Toaccompanyandhavefun.
D.
Tobuysomethingintheterminal.(2)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A.
Thefatherandsonwereblack,dressedininexpensiveclothes.
B.
EveryChildfromrichfamilyisnotashappyasthislittleblackboy.C.
Parentsalwaysoffereverythingfortheirchildrentomakethembetter.
D.
Theshuttleisrunningalldaylongandfreeofchargetoeverypassenger.(3)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.
FreeShuttleforthePassengers
B.
HappyBoywithFather'sCompanyC.
RichFamilywithoutHappyChildren
D.
MovedbytheFunnyFatherandSon【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,作者從自己的視角看父子倆的關(guān)系。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Notmanypeopleconsiderthemfun,butonthisSaturdayIheardlaughter.Atthefrontofthefirstcar–lookingoutthewindowatthetrackthatlayahead–wereamanandhisson.”和最后一段中的“Thefatherandson,though,werejustridingthisshuttletogether,makingitexciting,sharingeachother'scompany.”可知父子倆乘車是相互陪伴的一次愉快的經(jīng)歷。故選C。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Iknowwe'resupposedtoavoidmakingracialdistinctions(種族歧視)thesedays,soIhopenoonewillmindifImentionthatmostpeopleonthetrainwerewhite,dressedforbusinesstripsorvacations.”可知父子倆是不富裕的黑人。故選A。(3)考查主旨大意。全文雖是作者的視角在看父子倆的關(guān)系,但全文的主人公卻是父子倆,因此文章以父子為標(biāo)題更合適。故選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇生活類閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。2.閱讀理解
WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.
Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.
Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.(1)Whatmakesoneright-handed?A.
Theenvironment.
B.
Mildbraindamageduringbirth.C.
Thereasonisuncertain.
D.
Otherpeople.(2)Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?A.
Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.
B.
Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.C.
Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.
D.
Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.(3)Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.
Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.
B.
Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.C.
Somefamousleft-handedpeople.
D.
Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,關(guān)于左撇子現(xiàn)象作者進(jìn)行了介紹和說明。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第二段中講了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因,根據(jù)”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知,雖然對(duì)于右手的使用比左手更為普遍這一現(xiàn)象有不同猜測(cè),但是原因不明。故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知,以前的左撇子孩子都會(huì)受到鄙視或者被認(rèn)為是不正常的,所以,那一代的孩子會(huì)被懲罰直到他們改變這樣的習(xí)慣,但是,現(xiàn)在人們的態(tài)度已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變了。故選B。(3)考查主旨大意。本文以客觀、中立的態(tài)度描寫了關(guān)于“左撇子”的一些事實(shí),故選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀,考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息,同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理,歸納,從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解
Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmartdevice.Itcomeswithacasethathasaclip(夾子),butit'snotdesignedtobewornonyourclothing.Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandsandcapturesmomentsentirelyonitsown!
Whatsetsthisroughly2-inchby2-inchcamera,withathree-hourbatterylifeandGorillaGlassfortoughnessapartisthatitisspeciallyintendedforcandidmoments,likewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.
TheClipsdevice,itusesmachinelearningalgorithms(計(jì)算程序)tohelpcapturescenes.Thosealgorithmsincludefacerecognition."Onceitlearnsthatthere'safaceyouseefrequently,it'lltrytogetnicephotosofthosefaces,"saidJustonPayne,thedevice'sproductmanager.Andtheyalsowantittorecognizefacialexpressions,whichinvolved"trainingittoknowwhathappinesslookslike".TheGoogleteamalsotrainedittorecognizewhatnottoshoot—likewhenachild'shandisoverthelens,orifitistossedinadarkpurse.
Theonlywaytoseetheimagesisbyconnectingthecamerawithyourphone,asithasnoscreenforviewingorediting.
Concerneditcouldseemstrange?Yes,Payneadmitted,buthesaidtheyaddressedthatbymakingitobviouswhatitis.Agreenlightonthefrontsignalsthatitison.Besides,unlikeacamerameanttomonitoryourhome,itisnotconnectedtotheInternet.
"Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsilicon(硅)hasadvanced,"Paynesaidthatnowtheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets.(1)WhatisthemostoutstandingfeatureofClips?A.ItenableseasyInternetaccess.B.Itisequippedwithtoughglass.C.Itcanbewornonyourclothing.D.Itallowsofhands-freephotography.(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"candid"inParagraph2mean?A.Awkward.B.Brief.C.Touching.D.Unforgettable.(3)WhatmakesClipsarealityaccordingtoJustonPayne?A.Theadvanceintechnology.B.ThepopularityoftheInternet.C.Thescreenforviewingandediting.D.Theriseofthesmartphoneindustry.(4)Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Newgadgetsintheageofapps.B.ArtificialintelligenceindailyLife.C.AnewdigitalcamerafromGoogle.D.Analternativewaytophotograph.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了谷歌公司推出了一款叫Clips的新相機(jī),并對(duì)照相機(jī)的各種功能和使用進(jìn)行了介紹。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandssoitcancapturemomentsonitsown”可知,谷歌開發(fā)的這款相機(jī)使用人工智能來拍照,不需要你動(dòng)手按鍵,它就可以幫助你記錄美好的精彩瞬間。故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“l(fā)ikewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.”比如孩子做了一些可愛的事情,你可能來不及拿出智能手機(jī)??芍嬀€句表示:這款相機(jī)能解決手機(jī)不能及時(shí)抓拍小孩子所做的短暫又可愛的事。candidmoments意為“短暫”的時(shí)刻。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsiliconhasadvanced,’Paynesaid,notingthatitwasonlyinthepastyearorsothattheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets”可知,這款相機(jī)依靠先進(jìn)的科技和人工智能等使得它成為了可能,成為了可以幫助人們記錄美好瞬間的工具。故選A。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmall,smartdevice.”可知,本文主要講述了谷歌開發(fā)的一款新的照相機(jī),并對(duì)照相機(jī)的各種功能和使用進(jìn)行了介紹。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息,并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理,概括歸納,從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解
Buckdidnotknowthattherewastroubleahead,Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.SomemenhadfoundayellowmetalintheArcticdarkness,andthousandsofothermenwererushingthere.Thesemenwanteddogsthatwereheavy,withstrongmusclesforworkinghardandfurrycoatstoprotectthemfromthecold.
BucklivedatabighouseinasunnyvalleyinCaliforniawhichwasownedbyJudgeMiller.Hewasneitherahousedognorakennel(狗窩)dog.ThewholeofJudgeMiller'slandwashis.Buckwasking—kingoverallthecrawling,flyingthingsofJudgeMiller'slands,humansincluded.
Hisfather,Elmo,hadbeentheJudge'sinseparablecompanion.Andwhenhedied,Bucktookhisfather'splace.Hewasnotsolarge—heweighedonlysixtykilogram—forhismother,Shep,hadbeenaScottishsheepdog.Huntingandotheroutdooractivitieshadhardenedhismuscle,andswimminghadmadehimhealthy.
ThiswasBuckintheautumnof1897,whenthediscoveryofgoldintheKlondikebroughtMenfromeverywheretothefrozennorth.ButBuckdidnotreadthenewspapers.AndhedidnotknowthatManueloneofthegardenershelper,wasnotagoodman.Manuelgambled(賭博)andwastedthelittlemoneyhehad.NoonesawhimandBuckgooffonwhatBuckthoughtwasawalk.NoonesawthemarriveattherailwaystationwhereManuelsoldBucktoamanwhowaswaitingforhim.
AftertwodayshowascriedoffthetraininSeattleintoasmall,high-walledyard.Thereafatmaninaredsweaterbrokeopenthecagewithasmallaxe(斧頭),whileholdingaclub(棍棒)intheotherhand.Whentherewasabigenoughopening,Buckjumpedoutlikeared-eyeddevil,straightatthefatman.Butinmid-air,justashisteethweregoingtocloseontheman,hereceivedashockthathehadneverfeltbefore.Itturnedhimoverandontotheground.Hehadneverbeenstruckbyaclubinhislife,andhedidnotunderstand.Hewassmasheddownadozentimes.
Bucksawthathestoodnochanceagainstthemanwiththeclub.Hehadlearnedthelesson,andfortherestofhislifeheneverforgotit.Itwashisintroductionintotheworldofprimitivelaw.
IntheendasmallmancalledPerraultpaidthreehundreddollarsforhim,andhewasledawaywithCurly,agood-naturedNewfoundlanddog.(1)Whatkindofdogsdidthegold-seekerswant?A.Heavyhousedogswithyellowhair.B.Stronglong-haireddogs.C.DiligentdogswithyellowhairD.Muscularkenneldogs.(2)Buckwasproudofhimselfforthefollowingreasons,EXCEPTthat______.A.hewaskingoveralllivingthingsofJudgeMiller'slandsB.hebecametheJudge'sinseparablecompanionafterhisfather'sdeathC.hehadagoodlifewithmanyoutdooractivitiestogetstrongandhealthyD.hewaswantedbygold-seekersthankstohisstrongmusclesandlonghair(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.JudgeMillerownedabighouseandalargepieceoflandintheKlondike.B.ManuelboughtandsoldBuckbecauseheneededmoneytosupporthislife.C.ThefatmancruellybeatBuckwithaclubtoteachhimhowtofightback.D.Buck'sintroductionintothewordofprimitivelawwasobeyingthefatman.(4)Whatcanbethesuitabletitlefortheexcerpt?A.FallintoTroubleB.FightagainstaManC.EscapefromTroubleD.BelieveinaMan【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)D(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了一只名為巴克的狗的遭遇。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.Thesemenwanteddogsthatwereheavy,withstrongmusclesforworkinghardandfurrycoatstoprotectthemfromthecold.”可知,從西雅圖到南加州,每一條長著結(jié)實(shí)的肌肉和溫暖的長毛的狗都會(huì)在劫難逃。這些尋金人需要的是,高大強(qiáng)壯,有強(qiáng)壯的肌肉,能吃苦耐勞且皮毛可以幫助他們抵御寒冷的狗。所以淘金者需要的是強(qiáng)壯的長毛狗。故選B。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Buckwasking—kingoverallthecrawling,flyingthingsofJudgeMiller'slands,humansincluded.”可知,巴克是國王——統(tǒng)治著JudgeMiller領(lǐng)地上所有爬行、飛行的東西,包括人類。所以A選項(xiàng)是巴克自豪的原因;第三段中的“Hisfather,Elmo,hadbeentheJudge'sinseparablecompanion.Andwhenhedied,Bucktookhisfather'splace.
Huntingandotheroutdooractivitieshadhardenedhismuscle,andswimminghadmadehimhealthy.”他的父親艾爾莫一直是JudgeMiller形影不離的伙伴。他死后,巴克接替了他父親的位置。打獵和其他戶外活動(dòng)鍛煉了他的肌肉,游泳使他身體健康。所以B,C兩項(xiàng)是巴克自豪的原因。故D項(xiàng)不是巴克自豪的原因。故選D。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Butinmid-air,justashisteethweregoingtocloseontheman,hereceivedashockthathehadneverfeltbefore,Itturnedhimoverandontotheground.Hehadneverbeenstruckbyaclubinhislife,andhedidnotunderstand.Hewassmasheddownadozentimes.”可知,就在它的牙齒要碰到他的皮膚時(shí),那人用棒子給了它一下,這還是有人頭一次用棒子打他,他不知所措。它被打倒在地。它被木棒打了10幾次;以及倒數(shù)第四段中的“Bucksawthathestoodnochanceagainstthemanwiththeclub.”可知,巴克看到,它再也站不起來對(duì)抗他的木棒。所以巴克被打,無力反抗只能屈服于這個(gè)胖人。由此判斷出,巴克的叢林法則就是屈服于這個(gè)胖人。故選D。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Buckdidnotknowthattherewastroubleahead,Troubleforeverydogwithstrongmusclesandwarmlonghair,fromSeattletosouthernCalifornia.”可知,巴克不知道前面會(huì)遇到麻煩,從西雅圖到南加州,每一條長著結(jié)實(shí)的肌肉和溫暖的長毛的狗都會(huì)在劫難逃以及下文對(duì)于巴克的具體遭遇可知,短文最佳的標(biāo)題為“陷入麻煩”。故選A?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息,并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解VolunteerOpportunities
Ringthebells
TheSalvationArmyneedsbellringersforitsannualRedKettleChristmasCampaign.TwohourshiftsbeginonNov.12andrunMondaysthroughSaturdays.VolunteerscancontactJimEversatjimevers@orat764-0962,orsignuponlineat.
Readtochildren
JointheUnitedWayandChildCareAwareinsupportingthedevelopmentandlearningofyoungchildren.Volunteersareneededtospend30minutesaweekreadingtochildrenandguidingrelatedactivitiesusingliteracykits(識(shí)字工具包)providedbyChildcareAwareofEasternKansas.Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided.Toensurecontinuityforthechildrenintheprogram,weareaskingthatvolunteersmakeasix-monthcommitment.PleasecontactShellyat865-5030,ext.301oratvolunteer@.
Gardenwithaneighbor
DouglasCountryHousingInc.islookingforvolunteerstoassistaseniormaninneedofhelpwithanovergrowngardenbeforewinterarrives.Onetotwohoursofyourtimewillmakeahugedifferenceinsomeone'squalityoflife.Nopreviousgardeningexperienceisrequired.Pleasee-mailrsovista@orcall842-1533.
Feedyourfriends
Justfoodfightshungerinourcommunity.HelpJustFoodkickofftheholidayseasonbypacking.Thanksgivingmealboxesforfamiliesinneed.EveryyearJustFoodprovidesThanksgivingmealstofamiliesinDouglasCountrythatwillotherwisegowithout.YourhelpisneededfordistributingthesemealsinadvanceofThanksgiving.Helpisneededonthefollowingdaysandtimes:
9a.m.–7p.m.Monday,Nov.21.
9a.m.–7p.m.Tuesday,Nov.22.
Themaximumnumberofvolunteersis15atatime.Tosignup,clickhere.(1)Whatshouldpeopledoiftheychoosetoreadtochildren?A.
Gettrained.
B.
Makeaplan.C.
Promisetoteachdevotedly.
D.
Work30minutesaday.(2)Ifyouliketohelpwithgardening,youcangetintouchwith________.A.
Theytakeplaceonholiday.
B.
Theycanbereachedbyphone.C.
Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.
D.
Theyneedsomeexperience.(3)Whatdothefouractivitieshaveincommon?A.
Theytakeplaceonholiday.
B.
Theycanbereachedbyphone.C.
Theyareaboutseekingvolunteers.
D.
Theyneedsomeexperience.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了四個(gè)志愿者的工作機(jī)會(huì)。并且詳細(xì)的介紹了每項(xiàng)工作的具體內(nèi)容,工作時(shí)間,聯(lián)系方式等。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中Readtochildren部分中的Atwo-hourliteracytrainingwillbeprovided可知,如果選擇給孩子們讀書就要接受一個(gè)小時(shí)的培訓(xùn),故答案選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文Gardenwithaneighbor部分中的Pleasee-mailrsovista@orcall842-1533.可知,如果你想在園藝方面做志愿者,可以發(fā)郵件或者打電話聯(lián)系。故答案選B。(3)考查推理判斷題。這四項(xiàng)工作后面都留有聯(lián)系方式,可知他們都是想招募志愿者。C選項(xiàng)正確?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】英語閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題具體方法與步驟:①排除干擾項(xiàng),突出主題。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的設(shè)計(jì)干擾項(xiàng)一般都是某一細(xì)節(jié)的錯(cuò)誤敘述與論斷,可先排除干擾項(xiàng)。②按文章的體裁,作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞,如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。③快速通篇跳讀,自左至右,自上而下呈Z形掃視,直到找到細(xì)節(jié)出處,待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí),放慢速度,仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容,直至找到答案。④注意識(shí)別指代詞語。為避免重復(fù),文章中對(duì)多次提及的事物或現(xiàn)象會(huì)使用不同的詞語,如同義詞、近義詞、代詞等。6.閱讀理解
TheMokokotribe(部落)livedonthewrongsideoftheislandoftwofaces.Thetwosides,separatedbyagreatcliff(懸崖),werelikenightandday.Thegoodsidewaswateredbyriversandwasfilledwithtreesandabundantfood,whileonthewrongsidetherewashardlyanywaterorplants,andwildbeastscrowdedtogether.TheMokokohadthemisfortuneofhavingalwayslivedthere,withnowaytocrosstotheotherside.Theirlifewashardandtheylivedinpermanentterrorofthebeasts.
Alongtheedgeofthecliffseparatingthetwosides,askinnybutstrongtreegrew,withwhichtheycouldbuildtwopoles.Therewasnodoubtthatthetribewouldchoosethegreatchiefanddoctortousethepoles.Butwhenthetwoofthemweregiventheirchancetomakethejump,theydidn'tdareto.Theythoughtthatthepolecouldbreakoritwouldnotbelongenough.Theyputsomuchenergyintothesethoughtsthattheygavein.
ButintothattribewerebornNamandAriki,apairofyounghearts.Oneday,theydecidedtotakeupthepoles.Nobodystoppedthem,buteveryonedidtrytodiscouragethem,tryingtopresenthowdangerousthejumpingwas,usingathousandexplanations.
"Andwhatifwhattheysayistrue?"wonderedtheyoungNaru.
"Don'tworry.Iamabitscaredtoo,butitdoesn'tlooksodifficult,"repliedAriki,everdetermined.
"Butifitgoeswrong,itwillbeaterribleend,"continuedNaru,undecided.
"Perhapsthejumpwillgobadly.Butstayingforeveronthissideoftheislandsurelywon'tworkoutwelleither."
"You'reright.Let'sdoittomorrow."
Andonthenextday,NaruandArikijumpedtothegoodsideoftheisland.Whentakingupthepoles,whilefeelingtheirdesire,thefearhardlyallowedthemtobreathe.Andwhileflyingthroughtheair,helplessandwithoutsupport,theyfeltthatsomethingmusthavegonewronganddeathawaitedthem.Butwhentheylandedontheotherside,theythoughtthejumpreallyhadn'tbeensobadafterall.(1)WhatsituationweretheMokokofacedwith?A.
Theylivedadifficultlifewithoutfearingthebeasts.
B.
Theysufferedalotduetotheterribleenvironment.C.
Theyhadeasyaccesstothegoodside.
D.
Theyweresurroundedbytreesandrivers.(2)Howdidthechiefanddoctorfeelwhentheywerechosen?A.
Frightened.
B.
Energetic.
C.
Desperate.
D.
Satisfied.(3)What'sthetribemembers'reactionwhenNamandArikidecidedtotakeupthepoles?A.
Themembersdesiredtofollowtheirsteps.
B.
Thememberstriedtopreventthebehaviour.C.
Themembersconvincedthemofthedanger.
D.
Themembersencouragedthemtohaveatry.(4)WhatcanweinferaboutNaruandAriki?A.
Theyovercamedifficultywithcourageanddetermination.
B.
Theyfeltrelaxedinthewholeprocessofmakingthejump.C.
Theyneverdoubtedthedifficultyinmakingthejump.
D.
Theyhesitatedtomakethejumpoverandoveragain.【答案】(1)B(2)A(3)C(4)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,一個(gè)島被大的懸崖分成完全不同的兩部分,好的一面有水有樹食物充足而另一面幾乎沒水沒植物,野獸聚集。這個(gè)部落正好位于條件很惡劣的一面。講述了Nam和Ariki不畏艱險(xiǎn)用勇氣和決心克服了困難來到了島的好的一面。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheMokokotribe(部落)livedonthewrongsideoftheislandoftwofaces.Thetwosides,separatedbyagreatcliff(懸崖),werelikenightandday.---TheMokokohadthemisfortuneofhavingalwayslivedthere,withnowaytocrosstotheotherside.Theirlifewashardandtheylivedinpermanentterrorofthebeasts.”可知,由于可怕的環(huán)境他們?cè)馐芰撕芏唷9蔬xB。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Therewasnodoubtthatthetribewouldchoosethegreatchiefanddoctortousethepoles.Butwhenthetwoofthemweregiventheirchancetomakethejump,theydidn'tdareto”可知,首領(lǐng)和醫(yī)生被選上時(shí)他們感到害怕。故選A。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theythoughtthatthepolecouldbreakoritwouldnotbelongenough.Theyputsomuchenergyintothesethoughtsthattheygavein.”可知,成員確信他們是危險(xiǎn)的。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)兩個(gè)人的的對(duì)話“Andwhatifwhattheysayistrue?"wonderedtheyoungNaru.Don'tworryIamabitscaredtoo,butitdoesn'tlooksodifficult,repliedariki,everdetermined."Perhapsthejumpwillgobadly.Butstayingforeveronthissideoftheislandsurelywon'tworkoutwelleither."You'reright.Let'sdoittomorrow."和文章最后一句Butwhentheylandedontheotherside,theythoughtthejumpreallyhadn'tbeensobadafterall”可知,他們用勇氣和決心克服了困難。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息,并結(jié)合題目要求,從而選出正確答案。7.閱讀理解
Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.
Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.
Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.
Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV---wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble,whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.
TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.
Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”
HarleyStreetpsychologistDrLucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”(1)Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho
.A.
hasthesametasteasthem
B.
advertiseshisproductsonTVC.
reducesthepriceofhisproducts
D.
paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts(2)TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat
.A.
foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople'strust
B.
bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC.
peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss'searnmore
D.
peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV(3)Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.
Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.
B.
Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings,C.
Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn'tbeenprovedbyresearchers.
D.
Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.(4)Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A.
Honestyisthebestpolicy.
B.
Allgoodthingscometoanend.C.
Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.
D.
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】(1)A(2)A(3)A(4)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,主要講述心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),和經(jīng)理們(乃至陌生人)吃同樣食物的人更容易即刻獲得他們的信任。也就是諺語所說的,“人以群分物以類聚?!保?)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句shoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarkindoffoodtothematthetime.可知,顧客很可能從味道相同的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品。故答案選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood'sroleinearningtrust.可知美國ChicagoUniversity研究表明食物在贏得人們的信任方面起著重要的作用。故答案選A。(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中thiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavethecommongroundandcan
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