PAGE1專題04Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggood(必修一)(知識(shí)全梳理&考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)練)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航——預(yù)習(xí)三步曲第一步：學(xué)析教材學(xué)知識(shí)：教材精講精析、全方位預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題講典例：教材習(xí)題學(xué)解題、快速掌握解題方法練考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)知識(shí)：7大核心考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)練第二步：記串知識(shí)識(shí)框架：思維導(dǎo)圖助力掌握知識(shí)框架、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)復(fù)核內(nèi)容掌握第三步：測(cè)過關(guān)測(cè)穩(wěn)提升：小試牛刀檢測(cè)預(yù)習(xí)效果、查漏補(bǔ)缺快速提升重點(diǎn)單詞1.skip vt.不做(應(yīng)做的事情等);跳過vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;略過2.slim vi.變苗條,減肥adj.苗條的;微薄的,小的3.concerned adj.擔(dān)心的,憂慮的;關(guān)注的,關(guān)切的4.prove linkingv.后來被發(fā)現(xiàn)是vt.證明,證實(shí)5.diet n.日常飲食;節(jié)食vi.節(jié)食,進(jìn)行規(guī)定飲食6.function vi.起作用,正常工作,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)n.作用,功能,職能7.frightened adj.害怕的,驚嚇的,受驚的8.contribute vi.&vt.是……的原因之一;捐贈(zèng),捐獻(xiàn);增加,添加9.memory n.記憶力,記性;記憶,回憶10.attack n.發(fā)作;攻擊;抨擊vt.&vi.攻擊;侵襲;抨擊11.amount n.數(shù)量12.schedule n.日程安排,工作計(jì)劃;時(shí)間表13.treatment n.治療;對(duì)待,待遇;處理14.content n.內(nèi)容;目錄15.immediate adj.立即的→immediately adv.立即,馬上16.concentrate vi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神貫注→concentrationn.專心,專注17.extreme adj.極端的;嚴(yán)重的n.極端不同的感情(或境況、行為方式等)→extremelyadv.極其18.effectn.效果,作用;影響→effectiveadj.有效的19.slightadj.輕微的→slightlyadv.稍微,略微20.energyn.精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的,充滿活力的21.beautyn.美,美麗;美人,美好的東西→beautifuladj.美麗的22.fashionn.時(shí)尚,時(shí)興;流行款式→fashionableadj.時(shí)尚的23.talentn.天資,天賦;人才,天才→talentedadj.天才的;有天賦的重點(diǎn)短語1.slimdown 變苗條,減肥

2.sideeffect 副作用

3.takein 攝入,吸收

4.getintoshape 強(qiáng)身健體

5.intheshort/longterm 從短期/長期看

6.plasticsurgery 整形手術(shù);整形外科

7.inaddition 此外

8.hangover 使憂心忡忡,擔(dān)心可能發(fā)生

9.guardagainst 防范,防止,提防

10.fightalosingbattle 打一場(chǎng)無望取勝的仗

11.liveupto 達(dá)到,符合,不辜負(fù)

12.endup 最終成為,最終處于

13.takepridein 為……自豪,為……驕傲

重點(diǎn)句型1.havetrouble(in)doingsth.Shetoldmeshehadtroubleconcentratinginclass.

她告訴我她很難在課堂上集中注意力。2.it作形式主語However,forthosewhoaredangerouslyoverweight,itisveryimportantthattheytrytoloseweightproperly.然而,對(duì)于那些體重嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)的人來說,努力并合理地減肥是非常重要的。3.theway后接定語從句Yourfriendsalsoinfluencethewayyouviewyourphysicalappearance.你的朋友也影響你看待自己外貌的方式。單元語法由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句關(guān)系副詞在引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),其功能相當(dāng)于介詞短語,在從句中作狀語。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when、where、why。關(guān)系副詞先行詞功能when表時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)間狀語where表地點(diǎn)的名詞地點(diǎn)狀語why表原因的名詞原因狀語1.關(guān)系副詞whenwhen引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞(如time，day，week，month，year等)，關(guān)系副詞when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。有時(shí)when＝in/at/on/during...＋which，具體用哪個(gè)介詞，要根據(jù)先行詞的搭配來確定。Thereusedtobeatimewhen(＝duringwhich)Ihatedgoingtoschool.曾有一段時(shí)間我不愿意去上學(xué)。2.關(guān)系副詞wherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句的先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(如place，room，house，spot等)，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。有時(shí)where＝in/at/on...＋which，具體用哪個(gè)介詞，要根據(jù)先行詞的搭配來確定。Theyareplayingintheparkwhere(＝inwhich)therearemanyflowers.他們正在有很多花的公園里玩耍。[疑難點(diǎn)津]有一些先行詞，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，屬于抽象的地點(diǎn)名詞，如果定語從句中缺狀語，需用where引導(dǎo)。3.關(guān)系副詞whywhy引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，先行詞常為reason，關(guān)系副詞why在從句中作原因狀語?？捎胒orwhich代替。Canyouexplainthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)youdon’thelphim?你能解釋一下不幫助他的原因嗎？二、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的判定表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及原因的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，定語從句可用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，也可用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。若先行詞在定語從句中作狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞；若先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。試比較：Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？(when在從句中作狀語)Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?你還記得我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)一起度過的那些日子嗎？(that或which在從句中作spent的賓語)Thetalentedpianistreturnedtothecitywherehegrewup.這位天才鋼琴家回到了他長大的城市。(where在從句中作狀語)Thetalentedpianistreturnedtothecitythat/whichhevisitedlastyear.這位天才鋼琴家回到了他去年去過的城市。(that或which在從句中作visited的賓語)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。(why在從句中作原因狀語)Iwon’tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我堅(jiān)決不聽你給我們的理由。(that或which在從句中作賓語)1.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·江蘇無錫·期中)Wealladmirethescientistforher________(contribute)tohercountry.【答案】contributions【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我們都?xì)J佩這位科學(xué)家對(duì)國家的貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)空格前的介詞for可知，空格處應(yīng)該用名詞contribution作賓語，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填contributions。2.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·廣東東莞·期中)Thepublicaregladtoseethatthegovernmenthastaken________(effect)measurestosolvethewaterpollution.【答案】effective【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：公眾很高興看到政府采取了有效措施來解決水污染問題?？仗幮揎椕~measures，應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，故填effective。3.Themeetingwas________(concern)withhowtoimprovetheawardingsystem,andtherelevantdepartmentsputforwardtheirplans.【答案】concerned【詳解】句意：這個(gè)會(huì)議是關(guān)于如何改進(jìn)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度的，并且相關(guān)部門提出了自己的方案。beconcernedwith表示“與某事物有關(guān)，涉及某事物”，故填concerned。4.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·新疆阿克蘇·階段練習(xí))Thelittlechildwasfrightened________thedog.【答案】of【詳解】考查介詞。句意：那個(gè)小孩子害怕狗。本空用介詞of，befrightenedof，意為“對(duì)……感到害怕”。故填of。5.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·吉林長春·階段練習(xí))Tobehonest,Idon’twanttogotothe________(frighten)registrationoffice.【答案】frightening【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：老實(shí)說，我不想去那個(gè)令人害怕的注冊(cè)辦公室。修飾名詞短語registrationoffice，需用形容詞作定語，registrationoffice指物，需用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞。故填frightening。6.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·廣東茂名·階段練習(xí))High________(concentrate)isrequiredwhenyouaretakinganimportantexam.【答案】concentration【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)你參加重要考試時(shí)，需要高度的專注。根據(jù)空前的“High”及空后的“is”可知，空處需用名詞concentration“專注”，作主語。故填concentration。7.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·福建三明·階段練習(xí))Takesometimetocheckoutthebuildings________yourclasseswillbeheld.【答案】where【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：花點(diǎn)時(shí)間查看上課的教學(xué)樓。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞buildings，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，表示“上課的教學(xué)樓”，用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。8.(2024-2025學(xué)年高一上·吉林長春·階段練習(xí))Therearemanyreasons________peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.【答案】why【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：人們學(xué)習(xí)外語的原因有很多。本空引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是reasons，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作原因狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why。9.Thesearethereasons________wedoit.【答案】why/forwhich【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這就是我們這么做的原因。定語從句修飾先行詞reasons，在從句作原因狀語，故用why或forwhich。故填why/forwhich。10.Thisisthereason________heleftinahurry.【答案】why【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這就是他匆忙離開的原因?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞thereason，關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why。/考點(diǎn)1：concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神貫注(concentrationn.集中；專心；關(guān)注；重視)?concentrateon(doing)sth集中于，全神貫注于(做)某事concentrateone’smind/attention/energyon...將某人的心思/注意力/精力集中于……?表示“專心于，全神貫注于”的短語還有focusone’smind/attentionon，putone’sheartinto等。High________(concentrate)isrequiredwhenyouaretakinganimportantexam.【答案】concentration【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)你參加重要考試時(shí)，需要高度的專注。根據(jù)空前的“High”及空后的“is”可知，空處需用名詞concentration“專注”，作主語。故填concentration。考點(diǎn)2：effectn.效果，作用；影響(effectiveadj.有效的；生效的)sideeffect副作用haveaneffecton/upon...對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響bring/put/oeffect實(shí)施/使……生效comeintoeffect生效；開始實(shí)施Thankstorecentresearch,________(effect)treatmentsareavailable.【答案】effective【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：由于最近的研究，有效的治療方法是可用的。修飾名詞treatments應(yīng)用形容詞effective作定語。故填effective?？键c(diǎn)3：provevt.證明，證實(shí)linkingv.后來被發(fā)現(xiàn)是(proofn.證明；證據(jù)；證實(shí))provesthtosb向某人證明某事provesb/sth(tobe)＋adj./n.證明某人/物是……It’sprovedthat...據(jù)證明……；據(jù)證實(shí)……It________(prove)abadideatoloseweightbyskippingmeals.【答案】proves/hasproved【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：不吃飯來減肥已被證明是個(gè)壞主意。句中prove為系動(dòng)詞，意為“證明是”；此處陳述客觀事實(shí)，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；也可以表示過去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為it，謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填proves/hasproved?？键c(diǎn)4：frightenedadj.受驚的，害怕的(frighteningadj.令人恐懼的frightenvt.使驚嚇；使驚恐frightn.驚嚇；恐怖的經(jīng)歷)?befrightenedtodosth不敢做某事；害怕做某事befrightenedof/that...害怕……?frightensbinto/outofdoingsth嚇得某人做/不做某事Shewasveryfrightened________(look)downfromthetopbuilding.【答案】tolook【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她很害怕從樓頂往下看。此處為短語befrightenedtodosth.表示“害怕做某事”。故填tolook?？键c(diǎn)5：contributevi.&vt.是……的原因之一；捐贈(zèng)，捐獻(xiàn)；增加，添加；撰稿；導(dǎo)致(contributionn.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng))?contributeto促成，造成；把(時(shí)間)投入到……；捐款；撰稿；為……做出貢獻(xiàn)contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……；向……捐(款)；為……撰寫(稿件)?makecontributions/acontributionto對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)；向……捐款Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeagreat________(contribute)toourfamilyandoursociety.【答案】contribution【詳解】考查名詞。句意：只有這樣，我們才能為我們的家庭和社會(huì)做出巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。空處作賓語，由a可知應(yīng)用名詞contribution單數(shù)形式，故填contribution?？键c(diǎn)6：amountn.數(shù)量；金額v.總計(jì)；等于?alarge/smallamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞大/少量的(作主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù))large/smallamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞大/少量的(作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù))inlargeamounts大量地?amountto合計(jì)；共計(jì)；等于；相當(dāng)于Sofar,largeamountsofmoney________spentonthatbigproject.【答案】havebeen【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：到目前為止，在那個(gè)大項(xiàng)目上已經(jīng)花了大量的錢。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語sofar可知，句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語是largeamountsofmoney，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，助動(dòng)詞用have，主語與動(dòng)詞spent之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填havebeen。考點(diǎn)7：schedulen.日程安排，工作計(jì)劃；時(shí)間表vt.為……安排時(shí)間；預(yù)定?onschedule準(zhǔn)時(shí)；按時(shí)間表aheadofschedule提前atightschedule日程緊?bescheduledforsth/todosth預(yù)定……；安排做……asscheduled按計(jì)劃Theeveningpartyisscheduled________(take)placeonNewYear’sEve.【答案】totake【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：晚會(huì)定于除夕舉行。短語bescheduledtodo意為“被安排做某事，被預(yù)定做某事”，空處應(yīng)用take的不定式形式，作主語補(bǔ)足語。故填totake?？键c(diǎn)8：treatmentn.治療；處理；對(duì)待，待遇(treatn.樂趣；款待vt.對(duì)待；治療；處理；招待)?undertreatment在治療中?treat...as...把……看作……treatsb/oneselftosth用……招待某人/自己treatsbwith...以……方式對(duì)待/治療某人Thebest________(treat)foracoldistorestanddrinkalotofwater.【答案】treatment【詳解】考查名詞。句意：感冒最好的治療方法是休息和多喝水。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處需要名詞treatment充當(dāng)句子的主語部分，根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞is可知，主語應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式。故填treatment。考點(diǎn)9：strengthn.力氣，力量；實(shí)力；優(yōu)勢(shì)(strengthenvi.&vt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的)?buildupone’sstrength強(qiáng)身健體?strengthsandweaknesses優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)Undertheshelvesstoodabigwoodbox,firmly________(strength)withironbarsandheavilylocked.

【答案】strengthened【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在架子下面立著一個(gè)大木箱，用鐵棍牢牢加固并且上了很重的鎖?！癴irmly________(strength)withironbars”作后置定語，提示詞strength應(yīng)改為動(dòng)詞strengthen，意為“加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)”，是非謂語動(dòng)詞，與其邏輯主語abigwoodbox之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。故填strengthened?？键c(diǎn)10：contentn.內(nèi)容；(pl.)目錄；(書、講話、節(jié)目等的)主題；容量；滿意(＝contentment)vt.滿足，知足adj.滿意的；滿足的；愿意的?withcontent滿意地?contentoneselfwith滿足于?feel/becontentwith...對(duì)……滿意；滿足于becontenttodosth愿意做某事Theystartlearningbyreadingthe________(content)inthebookslinebyline.【答案】contents【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他們通過逐行閱讀書本的內(nèi)容開始學(xué)習(xí)。設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語。content在表示“內(nèi)容”時(shí)，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式contents。故填contents?？键c(diǎn)11：endup最終成為，最終處于endupwith以……告終endup＋副詞/介詞短語以……告終endupas最終成為……endupdoingsth以做某事告終Teenswhotrytocopythelooksoftheirfavouritestarswillonlyendup________(feel)worseaboutthemselves.【答案】feeling【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：試圖模仿自己喜歡的明星的青少年只會(huì)讓自己感覺更糟。endupdoingsth.是固定短語，意為“最終做某事”，因此空格處用動(dòng)名詞feeling作賓語，故填feeling?？键c(diǎn)12：showoff炫耀，賣弄；顯示，展示?show...around/round帶領(lǐng)……參觀showup出現(xiàn)；露面；如約趕到show...in/out領(lǐng)……進(jìn)去/出來?onshow＝ondisplay＝onexhibition在展出Onarrivinghome,theboycouldn’tresist________offhisbeingpraisedbytheteacher.(show)【答案】showing【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一到家，男孩就忍不住炫耀自己被老師表揚(yáng)了。can’tresistdoingsth“忍不住做某事”，故填showing。考點(diǎn)13：getintoshape強(qiáng)身健體?inshape在形狀上；健康狀況良好intheshapeof以……的形狀outofshape變形；身體不健康?o...把……塑造成……；使……成為……形狀保持健康的飲食并定期鍛煉可以幫助我們強(qiáng)身健體。(doing短語作主語)________________canhelpus________________.【答案】Keepingahealthydietanddoingexerciseregularly,getintoshape【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞和副詞。空處缺少句子的主語，表示“保持健康的飲食”用動(dòng)賓短語keepahealthydiet，表示“定期鍛煉”用doexerciseregularly，副詞regularly作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞do，兩個(gè)短語用and連接并列作主語，用動(dòng)名詞形式；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Keepingahealthydietanddoingexerciseregularly。考點(diǎn)14：Itis＋adj.＋that...教材原句However，forthosewhoaredangerouslyoverweight，itisveryimportantthattheytrytoloseweightproperly...然而，對(duì)于那些很危險(xiǎn)的超重者，努力適當(dāng)?shù)販p肥是很重要的……本句中it作形式主語，其真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。it作形式主語時(shí)常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：?It＋be＋形容詞(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that從句.?It＋be＋名詞短語(apity，afact，awonder，anhonour，anidea，nowonder...)＋that從句.?It＋be＋過去分詞(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that從句.你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚,今天感覺發(fā)困不足為奇.(Itis+adj.+that...)Youstayedupsolatelastnight,________________________________.【答案】itisnotsurprisingthatyoufeelsleepytoday【詳解】考查形式主語、形容詞、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處為固定句型itisadj+that…“做某事是怎樣的”，在該句型中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，此處為“今天感覺發(fā)困”，表示“不足為奇”為形容詞notsurprising；表示“發(fā)困”為動(dòng)詞短語feelsleepy。句子陳述目前的事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填itisnotsurprisingthatyoufeelsleepytoday?？键c(diǎn)15：theway作先行詞后跟定語從句教材原句Yourfriendsalsoinfluencethewayyouviewyourphysicalappearance.你的朋友也會(huì)影響你對(duì)自己外表的看法。本句中含有先行詞為theway的定語從句，theway(先行詞)在從句中作狀語，關(guān)系詞用that/inwhich，也可省略。?way表示“方式；方法”時(shí)，其后常接inwhich或that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，也可以將關(guān)系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時(shí)關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語。?way后接定語從句時(shí)，如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語時(shí)還可以省略，作主語時(shí)不可省略。?way表示“方式；方法”時(shí)，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth形式作定語。

他們引入了英語的雛形，并改變了人們建造房屋的方式。TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchanged

________________________.【答案】thewaypeoplebuilthouses【詳解】考查定語從句。此處為theway作先行詞，后跟省略了that/inwhich引導(dǎo)的定語從句，從句主語為people；表示“建造房屋”應(yīng)用buildhouses，根據(jù)上文introduced可知為一般過去時(shí)。故填thewaypeoplebuilthouses。知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖記憶一、單句語法填空1.IliketolistentomusicwhenIexercisebecauseitmakesme________(energy).【答案】energetic【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞。句意：我喜歡在鍛煉時(shí)聽音樂，因?yàn)樗刮揖Τ渑妗？仗幾髻e語補(bǔ)足語，結(jié)合“whenIexercise”可知，形容詞energetic符合題意，意為“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。2.Wehopethegovernmentshouldtake________(effect)measuresimmediatelytopreventthepollutiongoingfrombadtoworse.【答案】effective【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞。句意：我們希望政府立即采取有效措施防止污染進(jìn)一步惡化。形容詞effective作定語，修飾名詞measures。故填effective。3.Theyputtheoldmaninprison,but,intheend,he________innocentforconclusive________.(prove)【答案】wasproved;proof【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)、名詞。句意：他們把老人關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄，但最終他被證明是無罪的，證據(jù)確鑿。第一空為句子的謂語，本句描述過去的動(dòng)作，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，主語he和動(dòng)詞prove“證明”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。第二空為for的賓語，表示“證據(jù)”用名詞proof。故填①wasproved；②proof。4.Itwasn’taseriousaccident.Thecarwasonly________(slight)damaged.【答案】slightly【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查副詞。句意：這不是一起嚴(yán)重的事故。那輛汽車只是輕微受損。damage為動(dòng)詞，需要副詞修飾，故填slightly。5.Onlywhenwestopillegalhunting________(immediate)canwesavemoreandmoreendangeredspecies.【答案】immediately【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查副詞。句意：只有當(dāng)我們立即停止非法狩獵，我們才能拯救越來越多的瀕危物種?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞stop，應(yīng)填副詞形式，故填immediately。6.Howdoyoumanagetostay________(slim)thananyoneelseinourgroup,byjoggingorbydieting?【答案】slimmer【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：你是如何保持比我們組其他人都苗條的，通過慢跑還是節(jié)食？空前的stay是系動(dòng)詞，空處應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，根據(jù)后文的thananyoneelse可知，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填slimmer。7.Thesuddenloudnoisemadethelittlegirlfeel________(frighten).【答案】frightened【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞。句意：突然的巨大聲響讓小女孩感到害怕?！癴eel”是感官系動(dòng)詞，后面需要接形容詞作表語?！癴righten”是動(dòng)詞，其形容詞有“frightening”和“frightened”，-ing形容詞“frightening”常用來修飾物，表示“令人害怕的”；-ed形容詞“frightened”常用來修飾人，表示“感到害怕的”。在本句中，描述的是“thelittlegirl”的感受，所以應(yīng)該用-ed形容詞frightened作表語。故填frightened。8.Everyparentis________(concern)aboutthesafetyoftheirchildren.【答案】concerned【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞。句意：每個(gè)父母都關(guān)心自己孩子的安全。空處為形容詞作表語，concern的形容詞為concerned表示“擔(dān)心的”，beconcernedabout為固定短語，意思為：對(duì)……感到擔(dān)憂、關(guān)心。故填concerned。9.Thescientistpresentedconcrete________(prove)tochallengetheoldtheoryduringtheconference.【答案】proof【詳解】考查名詞。句意：那位科學(xué)家在會(huì)議上提出了具體的證據(jù)來挑戰(zhàn)舊理論。根據(jù)空前的形容詞concrete可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞作動(dòng)詞presented的賓語，prove是動(dòng)詞，意為“證明；證實(shí)”，其名詞形式為proof，意為“證據(jù)；證明”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填proof。10.Studentsaresufferingagreatmassofhomeworkandparentsare________(concern)abouttheirphysicalandmentalhealth.【答案】concerned【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查形容詞。句意：學(xué)生們承受著大量的家庭作業(yè)，家長們擔(dān)心他們的身心健康?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作表語，concern的形容詞是concerned，意為“擔(dān)心的”，beconcernedabout意為“擔(dān)心”，故填concerned。11.Hehassecurednumerous________(achieve)ininternationalcompetitions.【答案】achievements【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：他已經(jīng)在國際比賽中取得了眾多成就。根據(jù)空前的形容詞“numerous”可知，空處需填名詞形式，作secured的賓語；achieve是動(dòng)詞，其名詞形式為achievement，意為“成就”，是可數(shù)名詞，numerous后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填achievements。12.Doingexercisecanbuildupyour________(strong).【答案】strength【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：做運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)你的體質(zhì)。buildup動(dòng)詞，后用名詞作賓語，strong的名詞是strength，buildupone'sstrength“增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)”。故填strength。13.The________(individual)ofapersonorthingconsistsofthequalitiesthatmakethemdifferentfromotherpeopleorthings.【答案】individuality【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：一個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)性包括使他們與其他人或事物不同的品質(zhì)。the+名詞+of，用名詞形式在句中作主語。individual的名詞形式為individuality，表示“個(gè)性”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填individuality。14.Theystartlearningbyreadingthe________(content)inthebookslinebyline.【答案】contents【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他們通過逐行閱讀書本的內(nèi)容開始學(xué)習(xí)。設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語。content在表示“內(nèi)容”時(shí)，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式contents。故填contents。15.Theyestablishedascholarshipfund________(contribute)toeducationalequality.【答案】tocontribute【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查不定式。句意：他們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金基金，以促進(jìn)教育平等。動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tocontribute。16.Thegirlletouta________(frighten)voiceatthesightofthesnake.【答案】frightened【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：那女孩一看到蛇就發(fā)出驚恐的叫聲。修飾后文名詞voice應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞frightened，作定語。故填frightened。(attack)bytheenemies,thehistoriccitywasnearlyreducedtoruins.17.Governmentscouldrelievetheireconomic________(press).【答案】pressure【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：政府可以減輕經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力。此處作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞pressure“壓力”，不可數(shù)。故填pressure。18.Peoplewhowanttoloseweightneedtomanagedaily,weeklyandmonthly________(schedule),sothattheycankeephealthyregularly.【答案】schedules【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意：想要減肥的人需要管理好每日、每周和每月的日程安排，這樣他們才能定期保持健康。schedule“日程安排”，為可數(shù)名詞。據(jù)空前的“daily,weeklyandmonthly”可知，該名詞需要復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填schedules。19.Helearnedthevalueand________(beautiful)ofnaturetherefromaveryyoungage.【答案】beauty【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：他從很小的時(shí)候就學(xué)會(huì)了大自然的價(jià)值和美麗。此處作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞beauty“美麗”，不可數(shù)。故填beauty。20.DrBrownistreatingthepatients’stomachdiseasewithanew________(treat).【答案】treatment【思路點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。句意：DrBrown正在用一種新的治療方法治療病人們的胃病。根據(jù)空前的anew可知，空處需用名詞形式作賓語，treat的名詞形式為treatment，anewtreatment意為“一種新的治療方法”。故填treatment。二、完形填空AtmyheaviestIweighed370pounds.Ihadaverypoorrelationshipwithfood:Iuseditto1badfeelings,tomakemyselffeelbetter,andtocelebrate.Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmanydifferentkindsof2butnothingworked.IcametobelievethatIcoulddonothingaboutmy3.WhenIwas50,myweightproblembegantoaffectme4.Ididn’twanttolivetherestofmylifewiththisextraweightanymore.Thatyear,I5aseminarwherewewereaskedtocreateaprojectthatwouldtouchtheworld.Aseminarleadersharedher6story—shehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.7byherstory,IcreatedtheAsWeHeal(痊愈),theWorldHeals8.Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise$50,000insupportofamovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.Thiscombinationofhealingmyselfandhealingtheword9meastheperfectsolution.AsIbeganmyownpersonalweightprogram,IwasfilledwiththefearthatIwould10thesamedifficultiesthatbeatmebefore.Whilethe11hungovermyhead,therewerealsosignsthatIwasheadeddowntherightpath.IsentletterstoeveryoneIknew,tellingthemaboutmyproject.Itworkedperfectly.Donationsbegan12infromhundredsofpeople.Ofcourse,Ialsotooksomepracticalstepstoloseweight.Iconsultedwithaphysician(內(nèi)科醫(yī)生),Ihiredafitnesscoach,andIbegantoeatsmalland13meals.Myfund-raisingfocusalsogavemenewmotivationtoexercise14.Ayearlater,I15mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!IfeelthatI’vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.1.A.add B.mix C.kill D.share2.A.diets B.drinks C.fruits D.dishes3.A.height B.ability C.wisdom D.weight4.A.temporarily B.recently C.seriously D.secretly5.A.attended B.organized C.recommended D.mentioned6.A.folk B.success C.adventure D.science7.A.Surprised B.Amused C.Influenced D.Disturbed8.A.project B.business C.system D.custom9.A.scared B.considered C.confused D.struck10.A.getover B.runinto C.lookfor D.putaside11.A.excitement B.joy C.anger D.fear12.A.breaking B.flooding C.jumping D.stepping13.A.heavy B.full C.expensive D.healthy14.A.regularly B.limitlessly C.suddenly D.randomly15.A.set B.reached C.missed D.dropped【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.C5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B11.D12.B13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了有超重問題的作者在參加了一個(gè)研討會(huì)后，受到負(fù)責(zé)人故事的影響，也創(chuàng)立了自己的項(xiàng)目和減肥目標(biāo)，最后在作者的堅(jiān)持下，作者達(dá)成了目標(biāo)，減掉了150磅，籌集了5萬美元。覺得自己被賦予了第二次生命，去獻(xiàn)身于一些有意義和偉大的事情。1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我和食物的關(guān)系很不好：我用它來消除糟糕的感覺，讓自己感覺好一些，并用來慶祝。A.add增加；B.mix混合；C.kill殺死，消除；D.share分享。根據(jù)后文“tomakemyselffeelbetter”可知作者借助食物來消除自己糟糕的感覺。故選C。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：擔(dān)心我的健康，我嘗試了許多不同的飲食，但都沒有效果。A.diets飲食；B.

drinks飲料；C.

fruits水果；D.

dishes菜肴。根據(jù)上文“withfood”以及“Worriedaboutmyhealth”可知，作者嘗試了許多不同的飲食。故選A。3.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始相信我對(duì)我的體重?zé)o能為力。A.height高度；B.ability能力；C.wisdom智慧；D.weight體重。結(jié)合上文“AtmyheaviestIweighed370pounds.”作者有超重問題，嘗試了許多不同的飲食，但都沒有效果，所以是對(duì)體重?zé)o能為力。故選D4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我50歲的時(shí)候，我的體重問題開始嚴(yán)重地影響我。A.temporarily臨時(shí)地；B.recently最近；C.seriously認(rèn)真地，嚴(yán)重地；D.secretly秘密地。結(jié)合后文“Ididn’twanttolivetherestofmylifewiththisextraweightanymore.”可知，作者不想下半輩子都背負(fù)著體重這個(gè)累贅，說明體重問題開始嚴(yán)重影響作者。故選C。5.考考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那一年，我參加了一個(gè)研討會(huì)，會(huì)上要求我們創(chuàng)建一個(gè)能夠影響世界的項(xiàng)目。A.attended參加；B.organized組織；C.recommended推薦；D.mentioned提及。根據(jù)后文“aseminar”指參加研討會(huì)，應(yīng)用attend。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位研討會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)人分享了她的成功故事——她不僅減掉了125磅，還為無家可歸的孩子籌集了2.5萬美元。A.folk人們；B.success成功；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.science科學(xué)。根據(jù)下文“shehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.”可知，一位研討會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)人分享了她的成功故事。故選B。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：受她故事的影響，我創(chuàng)建了“AsWeHeal,theWorldHeals”項(xiàng)目。A.Surprised使驚訝；B.Amused逗笑；C.Influenced影響；D.Disturbed干擾。根據(jù)上文“shehadnotonly125pounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.”以及后文作者也實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己減肥和籌款的目標(biāo)，可知作者被她的故事所影響。故選C。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：受她故事的影響，我創(chuàng)建了“AsWeHeal,theWorldHeals”項(xiàng)目。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.business生意；C.system系統(tǒng)；D.custom習(xí)俗。對(duì)應(yīng)上文中“wewereaskedtocreateaproject”指創(chuàng)建自己的項(xiàng)目。故選A。9.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種自我療愈和世界療愈的結(jié)合讓我覺得是最完美的解決方案。A.scared害怕；B.considered考慮；C.confused使困惑；D.struck襲擊。根據(jù)后文“meastheperfectsolution”指自我療愈和世界療愈的結(jié)合讓我覺得是最完美的解決方案。短語strucksb.as...表示“給某人的印象是”故選D。10.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始我自己的體重計(jì)劃時(shí)，我充滿了恐懼，我害怕我會(huì)遇到以前打敗我的同樣的困難。A.getover克服；B.runinto遭遇；C.lookfor尋找；D.putaside撇開。根據(jù)后文“thesamedifficultiesthatbeatmebefore”指作者害怕遇到以前遇到過的困難，runinto符合語境。故選B。11.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)恐懼籠罩在我的頭上時(shí)，也有跡象表明我正走在正確的道路上。A.excitement激動(dòng)；B.joy快樂；C.anger憤怒；D.fear恐懼。對(duì)應(yīng)上文“Iwasfilledwiththefear”作者內(nèi)心充滿恐懼。故選D。12.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)以百計(jì)的人開始紛紛捐款。A.breaking打破；B.flooding涌入；C.jumping跳躍；D.stepping踏步。根據(jù)后文“fromhundredsofpeople”可知指人們開始紛紛捐款，短語floodin“大量涌入”。故選B。13.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我咨詢了內(nèi)科醫(yī)生，雇了一個(gè)健身教練，我開始吃少量的健康飲食。A.heavy沉重的；B.full滿的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“Iconsultedwithaphysician(內(nèi)科醫(yī)生),Ihiredafitnesscoach,andIbegantoeatsmalland”可知為了減肥，作者雇了一個(gè)健身教練，開始吃少量的健康飲食。故選D。14.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)籌款的關(guān)注也給了我定期鍛煉的新動(dòng)力。A.regularly定期地；B.limitlessly無限制地；C.suddenly突然；D.randomly隨便地。根據(jù)上文“Myfund-raisingfocusalsogavemenewmotivation”對(duì)籌款的關(guān)注也給了作者定期鍛煉的新動(dòng)力，regularly符合語境。故選A。15.查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，我達(dá)到了我的目標(biāo)：我減掉了150磅，籌集了5萬美元！A.set設(shè)置；B.reached達(dá)成；C.missed錯(cuò)過；D.dropped落下。根據(jù)后文“Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!”指作者達(dá)成目標(biāo)，應(yīng)用reach。故選B。三、閱讀理解Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight,climbingstairsasaregularexercisemightbeforyou.Stairsareavailableinmanyplaces.Andresearchshowsstair-climbingismoreeffectivethanwalkingonlevelground.“Overall,itisafactthatstair-climbinggetsyoufitfasterandconsumesmorecalories,”saidLaurivanHouten,aprofessoroftheInternationalSkyrunningFederation.Researchshowsyouburnabout20timesmorecaloriesgoingupstairsthanwalkingonflatground.Evengoingdownstairs,youburnaroundfivetimesmorebecauseyourmuscleshavetoworktoslowthebody.Thatmightbeallyouneedtoknowifyouaretryingtoloseweight.Dr.AlbertoMinettihasdonealargeamountofresearchonhumanmovement—includingstair-climbing.Itisanexerciseeveryonecandoanddoesnotcostmoney.Minettididthemathtoexplainwhygoingupstairsissoeffectiveforburningcaloriesinashortamountoftime.“Tomove1kilogramofbodymassover1horizontalmeter,youconsume0.5calories,”hesaid.Butheadded,“Ifyoumove1kilogramofbodymassvertically(垂直地)onstairsit’s10calories.Soit’s20timesthecaloriesmovingverticallyratherthanhorizontally(水平地).”Inascientificstudy,Minettimakesthepointthatusingyourarmsinstair-climbingaddsextrapower.Handrails(欄桿)offersafety,too.Thestudynotesthathandrailsareavailablealongmoststairsinverytallbuildings.Ifstair-climbingwereanOlympicsport,AustralianSuzyWalshamwouldowngoldmedals.Shehaswon10racesupNewYorkCity’sEmpireStateBuilding—officially1,576stairs—andfiveclimbsuptheEiffelTower.Overall,Walshamhaswonmorethan100internationalstairraces,andwasonceconsideredthetopwomaninthesport.WhenshewaslivinginSingapore,Walshamclimbedupher29-storybuilding—37timesstraight.Ittookoverfourhourswithshortbreaksforcoffeeorwater.Shecoveredaverticaldistanceof3,200meters.Walshamsaidthatstair-climbingisagoodformofexerciseformanykindsofpeople.1.Whatistheadvantageofstair-climbingoverwalkingonlevelground?A.Itdemandsmoreskills.B.Itismoresuitableforolderadults.C.Itburnscaloriesatamuchfasterrate.D.Itcanonlybedoneinspecificlocations.2.WhatdoesDr.AlbertoMinetti’sresearchtellusaboutstair-climbing?A.Itcostsalotofmoney.B.Itrequiresspecialequipment.C.Itisattractivetostudentsatschool.D.Itisanefficientcalorie-burningexercise.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Theeffectofstair-climbingreliesonarms.B.Usinghandswhileclimbingstairsismoreeffective.C.Peoplewithweakarmsshouldavoidstair-climbing.D.Handrailsaredesignedforprofessionalstair-climbers.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducethehistoryofstair-climbingasasport.B.Toencouragepeopletotakestair-climbingasanexercise.C.Todiscussthedifficultiespeoplefacewhenclimbingstairs.D.Tocompareexerciseeffectsbetweenstair-climbingandwalking.【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了爬樓梯作為鍛煉方式對(duì)減肥有效且益處多。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andresearchshowsstair-climbingismoreeffectivethanwalkingonlevelground.“Overall,itisafactthatstair-climbinggetsyoufitfasterandconsumesmorecalories,”saidLaurivanHouten,aprofessoroftheInternationalSkyrunningFederation.(研究表明，爬樓梯比在平地上行走更有效。國際競(jìng)速聯(lián)盟教授LaurivanHouten說：“總的來說，爬樓梯確實(shí)能讓你更快地保持健康，消耗更多的卡路里”)”可知，爬樓梯比在平地上行走的好處是消耗卡路里更快。故選C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Dr.AlbertoMinettihasdonealargeamountofresearchonhumanmovement—includingstair-climbing.Itisanexerciseeveryonecandoanddoesnotcostmoney.Minettididthemathtoexplainwhygoingupstairsissoeffectiveforburningcaloriesinashortamountoftime.(AlbertoMinetti博士對(duì)人類運(yùn)動(dòng)——包括爬樓梯——進(jìn)行了大量研究。這是一項(xiàng)每個(gè)人都能做且不花錢的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Minetti通過計(jì)算解釋了為什么在短時(shí)間內(nèi)爬樓梯對(duì)燃燒卡路里如此有效)”可知，AlbertoMinetti博士的研究告訴我們爬樓梯是一種高效的燃燒卡路里的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Inascientificstudy,Minettimakesthepointthatusingyourarmsinstair-climbingaddsextrapower.Handrails(欄桿)offersafety,too.(在一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究中，Minetti指出，在爬樓梯時(shí)使用手臂能增添額外的力量。扶手也能提供安全保障)”可推知，爬樓梯時(shí)使用手臂能夠進(jìn)一步提升鍛煉效果。故選B。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight,climbingstairsasaregularexercisemightbeforyou.(如果你想減肥，爬樓梯作為一種常規(guī)運(yùn)動(dòng)可能適合你)”可知，文章開篇點(diǎn)題，指出爬樓梯是日常減肥鍛煉的不錯(cuò)選擇，接著闡述爬樓梯相比平地行走消耗更多卡路里、人人都能做且不花錢，還列舉專業(yè)人士SuzyWalsham的例子說明爬樓梯的益處。由此可推知，本文的目的是鼓勵(lì)人們將爬樓梯當(dāng)作一種鍛煉方式。故選B。四、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JenniferJones,15,passedoutinhermorningPEclassyesterdayand1(rush)tohospital.Fortunately,Jenniferisnowoutofdangerandherdoctorsaysthatshewillmake2fullrecoveryinadayortwo.Inasociety3beingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful,teenagerssometimesturn4extrememethodstoslimquickly.Someteenagerseventakepillstoloseweight,whichhasprovedtobeharmfultotheirhealth.Whentheyareinclass,theyoftenfindithard5(concentrate)ontheirlessons.Healthexpertssaythat6isnormalforteenagerstobeslightlyoverweight.Teenagersarestillgrowingand7(they)bodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell.8theydonottakeinenoughfood,theymayfeelweakandgetilleasily.Experts9(strong)encourageallteenagerstofollowthetipsonhowtoliveahealthylife,becauselivingwell10(be)thesafestandmosteffectivewaytogetintoshape.【