SectionFive

Unit14:CarRefrigerationUnit14:ControlledAtmosphere(CA)StorageUnit15:All-AirSystemsUnit14:ControlledAtmosphere(CA)StorageNewWords&ExpressionsTextNotestothe

TextExerciseNewWords&Expressions(動植物的)纖維

纖維質(zhì)metabolicadj.新陳代謝的，變化的shelflifen.(包裝食品的)貨架期，保存限期climactericn.更年期，躍變期

tightness

n.堅固，緊密respiratoryadj.呼吸的，呼吸用的sheathingn.覆蓋物，罩子prefabricatedadj.(建筑物、船等)預(yù)制構(gòu)件的polyestern.聚酯纖維，滌綸resinn.樹脂，松香，合成樹脂環(huán)氧的；n.環(huán)氧樹脂epoxyadj.fibern.NewWords&Expressions特性，決定因素，特別因素sandwichpanels夾心板simultaneouslyadv.同時地interiorn.內(nèi)部，里面，內(nèi)地；

內(nèi)部的odorsn.

氣味，臭氣adiabaticadj.絕熱的，隔熱的slidinghermetic滑動密閉inspectionn.檢查，檢驗，檢查員parametern.

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氣調(diào)庫不同于普通冷庫。通過對溫度、相對濕度和氣體濃度三個因素的調(diào)節(jié)，氣調(diào)庫可以普遍降低代謝活動的速度。另外，氣調(diào)庫具有保持產(chǎn)品的原有質(zhì)量、延緩新陳代謝、延長保存期和保質(zhì)期的優(yōu)勢。對于呼吸活躍的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，比如水果和蔬菜，可以延緩呼吸躍變期的發(fā)生。Controlledatmosphere(CA)storageisdifferentfromcommoncoldstorage.Accordingtoadjustingofthreebasicfactors,suchastemperature,relativehumidityandgascomposition,storageleadsgenerallytoareductioninmetabolicactivity.1And,theCAstoragehastheadvantagesofkeepingoriginalquality,delayingmetabolismandprolongingstoragetermandshelflifeoftheproduct.

Inthecaseofclimactericproducts(suchasfruitsandvegetable),possiblyitcandelaytheappearanceoftheonsetoftheclimactericperiod.Text

果蔬氣調(diào)庫工程關(guān)鍵是氣密性和保溫。用于氣調(diào)儲藏的庫房的設(shè)計應(yīng)能確保其氣密性能保持內(nèi)部的氣體成份保持不變。實際上，想要使庫房完全地氣密是不可能的。但是，庫房應(yīng)保證有足夠的氣密性，能實現(xiàn)對氧氣和二氧化碳?xì)怏w的濃度的控制。理論上，進入庫房的氧氣的量應(yīng)低于被儲產(chǎn)品的呼吸作用所需的氧氣量。ThekeyofCAstorageforfruitsandvegetableisairtightnessandthermalinsulation.Theconstructionofcontrolledatmospherestorageisdesignedtoobtainanappropriategas-tightness.Thenthecompositionofthedesiredatmosphereinsideismaintained.Infact,itisnotpossibletomakestorageabsolutelygas-tightness.However,storageshouldbesufficientlygas-tightness,whichcanensurethecontentoftheoxygenandcarbondioxide.2Intheory,theinflowofoxygenintothestoragehastoremainlowerthantherespiratoryconsumptionbytheproductsstored.Text

在庫房的墻體、地板和天花板上覆上鋁覆蓋物、預(yù)制鋼覆蓋物、聚脂樹脂、環(huán)氧樹脂或聚酰胺樹脂，并用玻璃纖維等加以鞏固等來達(dá)到庫房的氣密性。一個較好的技術(shù)方面的解決辦法是采用裝有金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的夾板，它可以同時起到隔熱和氣密性的作用。夾板的外側(cè)一般是金屬板、木板或塑料板，中間是一層聚亞安酯，內(nèi)側(cè)是一層聚脂樹脂.所需的隔離層的厚度應(yīng)取決于外部溫度、儲藏期和費用等因素。Thegas-tightnessofstorageisachievedbycoveringthewalls,thefloorandtheceilingwithaluminumsheathing,prefabricatedsteelsheathing,polyesterresins,epoxyresinsorpolyamideresins,reinforcedwithglassfiber,etc.Anadvantageousandtechnicallybettersolutionistheuseofsandwichpanelsmountedonmetalframeswhichensuresimultaneouslythermalinsulationandgas-tightness.Thesandwichpanelsareconstructedofametal,woodenorplasticplateontheoutside,apolyurethanelayerinthemiddleandalayerofpolyesterresinontheinterior.Thethicknessofinsulationrequireddependsontheexteriortemperature,thestorageperiodandcostfactors.Text

總之，建庫的材料必須符合以下要求。比如：氣密性好、不會散發(fā)氣味、對微生物的活動和濕氣有抵抗性、對機械震動有抗性、防火、當(dāng)庫房內(nèi)的溫度、相對濕度和氣壓變動時，它們的性質(zhì)能保持不變。儲藏室的門應(yīng)是隔熱的.并且，門應(yīng)裝有橡膠封條或使用滑動密封門，從而保證儲藏室的閉合。一般情況，門上還會設(shè)置觀察窗。觀察窗的高度一般高于庫內(nèi)堆積產(chǎn)品的高度。Inallcases,thematerialsofstorageshouldmeetsomerequirementasbelow.Suchas,itisgas-tightness,notgiveoffodors,beresistanttotheactionofmicro-organismsandhumidity,beresistanttomechanicalshock,befire-proof,remaintheirpropertiesduringvariationsontemperature,relativehumidityandpressurewithinthestorage,andsoon.DoorsofCAstorageshouldbeadiabatic.Inaddition,inordertoensureclosure,theyshouldbewithrubbersealandslidinghermeticdoor.Moreover,wecaninstallinspectionwindowsonthewindowsonthedoorsordinarily.Inspectionwindowsplacedatalevelabovethatofthecontentsofthestoremaybemoreuseful.3Text

報警系統(tǒng)應(yīng)設(shè)置在氣調(diào)庫的入口或其他合適的地方。當(dāng)庫內(nèi)溫度或氧氣、二氧化碳等氣體濃度超出規(guī)定范圍時，系統(tǒng)將報警提示，工作人員將及時采取措施保證庫內(nèi)各種參數(shù)的穩(wěn)定。AwarningdeviceshouldbeplaceattheentranceoftheCAstorageandotherappropriateareas.Whentheparameterabouttemperatureorconcentrationofoxygenandcarbondioxideexceedthespecifiedrange,thesystemwillalarm.Sothatstuffwilltakemeasuresintimetoensurethestabilityofvariousparameters.NotestotheTextNotestotheText

1.Accordingtoadjustingofthreebasicfactors,suchastemperature,relativehumidityandgascomposition,storageleadsgenerallytoareductioninmetabolicactivity.Accordingto常用于引導(dǎo)通過……或由于……的介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)。Accordingtoadjustingofthreebasicfactors,suchastemperature,relativehumidityandgascomposition,是介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)，譯為：通過對溫度、相對濕度和氣體濃度三個因素的調(diào)節(jié)。Activity譯為“活動”。例如：Heonceengagedinanti-governmentactivity.他一度從事反政府的活動。

Theschooloffersmanyrecreationalactivitiesforthestudents.該校為學(xué)生提供了很多娛樂活動。Manyendedupinprisonforterroristactivities.許多從事恐怖活動的人最終被關(guān)進牢房。

NotestotheTextWhich引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，修飾說明gas-tightness。譯為：但是，庫房應(yīng)保證有足夠的氣密性，能實現(xiàn)對氧氣和二氧化碳?xì)怏w的濃度的控制。類似的句子有：Thecombinationofsatellites,whichtransmitinformation,computers,whichstoreinformation,andtelevision,whichdisplaysinformation,willchangeeveryhomeintoaneducationandentertainmentcenter.

此句中，三個非限定性定語從句分別對三個先行詞：satellites，computers和television進行補充、說明。如果去掉這三個非限定性定語從句，那么句子可簡化為：Thecombinationofsatellites,computersandtelevisionwillchangeeveryhomeintoaneducationandentertainmentcenter.）衛(wèi)星能傳輸信息，計算機能儲存信息，電視能顯示信息，把這些手段結(jié)合起來可以使每個家庭都成為教育娛樂的中心。

2.However,storageshouldbesufficientlygas-tightness,whichensurethecontentoftheoxygenandcarbondioxide.NotestotheTextInspectionwindowsplacedatalevelabovethatofthecontentsofthestorage是句子的主語，譯為：觀察窗的高度一般高于庫內(nèi)堆積產(chǎn)品的高度。Inspection原意為檢查、審查、視察。例如：Beforethedayoftheinspection,hisfriendsweresatisfied.視察前一天，他的朋友們感到很滿意。3.Inspectionwindowsplacedatalevelabovethatofthecontentsofthestoragemaybemoreuseful.ExerciseDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext:1、Toimmersethe