2025PETS二級(jí)考試試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯解析考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項(xiàng)選擇（本部分共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)句子，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。這些題目都是考察你對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯的掌握程度，所以一定要認(rèn)真看題，千萬(wàn)別馬虎。1.Thesmarthomesystemcan______thetemperatureandhumidityintheroomautomatically.A.controlB.adjustC.manageD.operate2.IoTdevicesoftenuse______totransmitdataoverthenetwork.A.cablesB.radiowavesC.fiberopticsD.alloftheabove3.A______isawirelesssensorthatcancollectenvironmentaldataandsendittoacentralsystem.A.hubB.gatewayC.nodeD.cloud4.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsiblefordataprocessingandstorage.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application5.______isatechnologythatallowsdevicestocommunicatewitheachotherwithouthumanintervention.A.AIB.MachinelearningC.MiddlewareD.Interoperability6.InIoT,a______isacollectionofdevicesthatworktogethertoachieveacommongoal.A.networkB.systemC.ecosystemD.cluster7.______referstotheabilityofdifferentdevicesandsystemstoworktogetherseamlessly.A.ScalabilityB.SecurityC.InteroperabilityD.Reliability8.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforconnectingdevicestothenetwork.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application9.A______isacentralizedsystemthatcollectsandprocessesdatafrommultipleIoTdevices.A.serverB.cloudC.databaseD.gateway10.______isasetofprotocolsthatdefineshowIoTdevicescommunicatewitheachother.A.TCP/IPB.MQTTC.HTTPD.Bluetooth11.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforprovidingservicesandapplicationstousers.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application12.______isatechnologythatallowsdevicestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.A.AIB.MachinelearningC.MiddlewareD.Interoperability13.A______isadevicethatconnectsIoTdevicestotheinternetandmanagesdataflow.A.hubB.gatewayC.nodeD.cloud14.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringthesecurityandprivacyofdata.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application15.______isatermusedtodescribetheintegrationofIoTdevicesintoeverydayobjects.A.SmarthomeB.IndustrialautomationC.WearablesD.Smartcity16.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforcollectingandprocessingdatafromsensors.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application17.______isatechnologythatenablesdevicestocommunicateandsharedataovertheinternet.A.Wi-FiB.BluetoothC.ZigbeeD.NFC18.A______isasoftwareframeworkthatprovidesservicesandtoolsfordevelopingIoTapplications.A.platformB.middlewareC.protocolD.API19.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringthereliabilityandavailabilityofservices.A.perceptionB.networkC.platformD.application20.______isatermusedtodescribetheabilityofIoTsystemstohandlelargeamountsofdata.A.ScalabilityB.SecurityC.InteroperabilityD.Reliability二、填空題（本部分共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分）要求：根據(jù)句意，在橫線上填寫(xiě)合適的單詞。這些題目都是考察你對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯的理解和應(yīng)用能力，所以一定要認(rèn)真思考，千萬(wàn)別寫(xiě)錯(cuò)。21.Thesmarthomesystemcan______thelightingintheroombasedonthetimeofday.22.IoTdevicesoftenuse______toensurethesecurityofdatatransmission.23.A______isawirelesstechnologythatallowsdevicestocommunicateovershortdistances.24.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforprovidingacommonplatformfordataexchange.25.______isatermusedtodescribetheabilityofIoTdevicestoworktogetherseamlessly.26.A______isadevicethatcollectsandprocessesdatafrommultiplesensors.27.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforconnectingdevicestotheinternet.28.______isatechnologythatallowsdevicestolearnfromdataandmakedecisions.29.The______layeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringtheprivacyofuserdata.30.______isatermusedtodescribetheintegrationofIoTdevicesintourbaninfrastructure.三、閱讀理解（本部分共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）要求：仔細(xì)閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。這篇文章主要介紹了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的基本概念和應(yīng)用，所以一定要認(rèn)真閱讀，千萬(wàn)別漏看細(xì)節(jié)。TheInternetofThings(IoT)referstothenetworkofphysicalobjects—devices,vehicles,buildings,andotheritems—embeddedwithsensors,software,andothertechnologiestoconnectandexchangedatawithotherdevicesandsystemsovertheInternet.TheseIoTdevicescollectvastamountsofdata,whichcanthenbeanalyzedtoimproveprocesses,enhanceefficiency,andcreatenewservices.Forexample,inasmarthome,IoTdeviceslikesmartthermostats,lightingsystems,andsecuritycamerascanworktogethertocreateacomfortableandsecurelivingenvironment.Inindustrialsettings,IoTdevicescanmonitorandcontrolmachinery,optimizeproductionprocesses,andreducedowntime.ThepotentialapplicationsofIoTarevastandvaried,rangingfromhealthcareandagriculturetotransportationandenergymanagement.31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.TheInternetofThingsisanetworkofphysicalobjectsconnectedtotheInternet.B.IoTdevicescanonlybeusedinsmarthomes.C.IoTdevicesareexpensiveanddifficulttoimplement.D.IoThasnopracticalapplicationsinindustries.32.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomebenefitsofusingIoTdevicesinindustries?A.Theyincreasethecostofproduction.B.Theymonitorandcontrolmachinery,optimizeproductionprocesses,andreducedowntime.C.Theyareonlyusefulforsmallbusinesses.D.Theyhavenoimpactonefficiency.33.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofIoT?A.IoTwillonlybeusedinafewspecificindustries.B.ThepotentialapplicationsofIoTarevastandvaried.C.IoTwillbecomeobsoleteinthenextdecade.D.IoTdeviceswillbecometoocomplextouse.34.Inasmarthome,whatroledoIoTdevicesplay?A.Theyonlyprovidesecurityfeatures.B.Theycreateacomfortableandsecurelivingenvironment.C.Theyareunnecessaryandexpensive.D.Theyonlycontrollightingsystems.35.Theword"embedded"inthefirstsentenceisclosestinmeaningto:A.connectedB.installedC.hiddenD.powered四、簡(jiǎn)答題（本部分共5小題，每小題4分，滿分20分）要求：根據(jù)問(wèn)題，簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問(wèn)題。這些問(wèn)題都是考察你對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯的理解和應(yīng)用能力，所以一定要認(rèn)真思考，千萬(wàn)別寫(xiě)得太簡(jiǎn)單。36.WhatisthedifferencebetweenahubandagatewayinIoT?37.Explaintheterm"interoperability"inthecontextofIoT.38.DescribetheroleoftheperceptionlayerintheIoTarchitecture.39.Whatismachinelearning,andhowisitusedinIoT?40.WhyissecurityimportantinIoTsystems?本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇答案及解析1.A.control解析：Thesmarthomesystemcancontrolthetemperatureandhumidityintheroomautomatically.這句話的意思是“智能家居系統(tǒng)可以自動(dòng)控制房間的溫度和濕度”，所以用control最合適。adjust調(diào)整，manage管理，operate操作，都不如control貼切。2.B.radiowaves解析：IoTdevicesoftenuseradiowavestotransmitdataoverthenetwork.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備通常使用無(wú)線電波在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。因?yàn)槲锫?lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備多是無(wú)線的，所以radiowaves最符合。cables電纜，fiberoptics光纖，都不適用于所有IoT設(shè)備。3.C.node解析：Anodeisawirelesssensorthatcancollectenvironmentaldataandsendittoacentralsystem.節(jié)點(diǎn)是一個(gè)無(wú)線路由器，可以收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)并將其發(fā)送到中央系統(tǒng)。node在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中指代傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)，最符合題意。hub網(wǎng)關(guān)，gateway網(wǎng)關(guān)，cloud云，都不準(zhǔn)確。4.C.platform解析：TheplatformlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsiblefordataprocessingandstorage.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的平臺(tái)層負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)據(jù)處理和存儲(chǔ)。platform在這里指代中間件或云平臺(tái)，最合適。perception感知層，network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，application應(yīng)用層，都不符合。5.C.Middleware解析：Middlewareisatechnologythatallowsdevicestocommunicatewitheachotherwithouthumanintervention.中間件是一種允許設(shè)備彼此通信而無(wú)需人工干預(yù)的技術(shù)。middleware在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中指代設(shè)備間通信的中間件，最符合。AI人工智能，machinelearning機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，interoperability互操作性，都不準(zhǔn)確。6.C.ecosystem解析：InIoT,anecosystemisacollectionofdevicesthatworktogethertoachieveacommongoal.在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是一組協(xié)同工作以實(shí)現(xiàn)共同目標(biāo)的設(shè)備。ecosystem指代物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的設(shè)備生態(tài)，最合適。network網(wǎng)絡(luò)，system系統(tǒng)，cluster集群，都不符合。7.C.Interoperability解析：Interoperabilityreferstotheabilityofdifferentdevicesandsystemstoworktogetherseamlessly.互操作性是指不同設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)能夠無(wú)縫協(xié)作的能力。interoperability直接對(duì)應(yīng)題意。scalability可擴(kuò)展性，security安全性，reliability可靠性，都不符合。8.B.network解析：ThenetworklayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforconnectingdevicestothenetwork.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)層負(fù)責(zé)將設(shè)備連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)。network層指代網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，最符合。perception感知層，platform平臺(tái)層，application應(yīng)用層，都不準(zhǔn)確。9.B.cloud解析：AcloudisacentralizedsystemthatcollectsandprocessesdatafrommultipleIoTdevices.云是一個(gè)集中式系統(tǒng)，收集和處理來(lái)自多個(gè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)。cloud在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中指代云平臺(tái)，最合適。server服務(wù)器，database數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，gateway網(wǎng)關(guān)，都不符合。10.B.MQTT解析：MQTTisasetofprotocolsthatdefineshowIoTdevicescommunicatewitheachother.MQTT是一套定義物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備如何彼此通信的協(xié)議。MQTT是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中常用的消息協(xié)議，最符合。TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議，HTTP超文本傳輸協(xié)議，Bluetooth藍(lán)牙，都不準(zhǔn)確。11.D.application解析：TheapplicationlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforprovidingservicesandapplicationstousers.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的應(yīng)用層負(fù)責(zé)為用戶提供服務(wù)和應(yīng)用程序。application層指代用戶應(yīng)用，最合適。perception感知層，network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，platform平臺(tái)層，都不符合。12.B.Machinelearning解析：Machinelearningisatechnologythatallowsdevicestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是一種允許設(shè)備從數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習(xí)并隨著時(shí)間的推移提高其性能的技術(shù)。machinelearning在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中指代設(shè)備學(xué)習(xí)算法，最符合。AI人工智能，middleware中間件，interoperability互操作性，都不準(zhǔn)確。13.B.gateway解析：AgatewayisadevicethatconnectsIoTdevicestotheinternetandmanagesdataflow.網(wǎng)關(guān)是一種將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并管理數(shù)據(jù)流的設(shè)備。gateway在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中指代網(wǎng)關(guān)設(shè)備，最合適。hub網(wǎng)關(guān)，node節(jié)點(diǎn)，cloud云，都不符合。14.C.platform解析：TheplatformlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringthesecurityandprivacyofdata.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的平臺(tái)層負(fù)責(zé)確保數(shù)據(jù)的安全和隱私。platform層指代中間件或云平臺(tái)的安全機(jī)制，最符合。perception感知層，network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，application應(yīng)用層，都不準(zhǔn)確。15.A.Smarthome解析：SmarthomeisatermusedtodescribetheintegrationofIoTdevicesintoeverydayobjects.智能家居是一個(gè)描述將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備集成到日常用品中的術(shù)語(yǔ)。smarthome直接對(duì)應(yīng)題意。industrialautomation工業(yè)自動(dòng)化，wearables可穿戴設(shè)備，smartcity智慧城市，都不符合。16.A.perception解析：TheperceptionlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforcollectingandprocessingdatafromsensors.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的感知層負(fù)責(zé)收集和處理來(lái)自傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)。perception層指代傳感器數(shù)據(jù)處理，最合適。network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，platform平臺(tái)層，application應(yīng)用層，都不符合。17.A.Wi-Fi解析：Wi-FiisatechnologythatenablesdevicestocommunicateandsharedataovertheInternet.Wi-Fi是一種使設(shè)備能夠通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信和共享數(shù)據(jù)的技術(shù)。Wi-Fi是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中常用的無(wú)線技術(shù)，最符合。Bluetooth藍(lán)牙，Zigbee紫蜂協(xié)議，NFC近場(chǎng)通信，都不準(zhǔn)確。18.A.platform解析：AplatformisasoftwareframeworkthatprovidesservicesandtoolsfordevelopingIoTapplications.平臺(tái)是一個(gè)提供服務(wù)和工具以開(kāi)發(fā)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用程序的軟件框架。platform指代物聯(lián)網(wǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)，最合適。middleware中間件，protocol協(xié)議，API應(yīng)用程序接口，都不符合。19.C.platform解析：TheplatformlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringthereliabilityandavailabilityofservices.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的平臺(tái)層負(fù)責(zé)確保服務(wù)的可靠性和可用性。platform層指代中間件或云平臺(tái)的穩(wěn)定性，最符合。perception感知層，network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，application應(yīng)用層，都不準(zhǔn)確。20.A.Scalability解析：ScalabilityisatermusedtodescribetheabilityofIoTsystemstohandlelargeamountsofdata.可擴(kuò)展性是一個(gè)描述物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)處理大量數(shù)據(jù)能力的術(shù)語(yǔ)。scalability直接對(duì)應(yīng)題意。security安全性，interoperability互操作性，reliability可靠性，都不符合。二、填空題答案及解析21.adjust解析：Thesmarthomesystemcanadjustthelightingintheroombasedonthetimeofday.智能家居系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)一天中的時(shí)間調(diào)整房間的照明。adjust調(diào)整，最符合句意。22.encryption解析：IoTdevicesoftenuseencryptiontoensurethesecurityofdatatransmission.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備通常使用加密來(lái)確保數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)陌踩浴ncryption加密，最符合句意。23.Bluetooth解析：Bluetoothisawirelesstechnologythatallowsdevicestocommunicateovershortdistances.藍(lán)牙是一種允許設(shè)備在短距離內(nèi)通信的無(wú)線技術(shù)。Bluetooth藍(lán)牙，最符合句意。24.platform解析：TheplatformlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforprovidingacommonplatformfordataexchange.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的平臺(tái)層負(fù)責(zé)提供數(shù)據(jù)交換的公共平臺(tái)。platform平臺(tái)，最符合句意。25.Interoperability解析：InteroperabilityisatermusedtodescribetheabilityofIoTdevicestoworktogetherseamlessly.互操作性是一個(gè)描述物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備無(wú)縫協(xié)作能力的術(shù)語(yǔ)。interoperability互操作性，最符合句意。26.gateway解析：Agatewayisadevicethatcollectsandprocessesdatafrommultiplesensors.網(wǎng)關(guān)是一種收集和處理來(lái)自多個(gè)傳感器的設(shè)備。gateway網(wǎng)關(guān)，最符合句意。27.network解析：ThenetworklayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforconnectingdevicestotheinternet.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)層負(fù)責(zé)將設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。network網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，最符合句意。28.Machinelearning解析：Machinelearningisatechnologythatallowsdevicestolearnfromdataandmakedecisions.機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)是一種允許設(shè)備從數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習(xí)并做出決策的技術(shù)。machinelearning機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，最符合句意。29.platform解析：TheplatformlayeroftheIoTarchitectureisresponsibleforensuringtheprivacyofuserdata.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的平臺(tái)層負(fù)責(zé)確保用戶數(shù)據(jù)的隱私。platform平臺(tái)層，最符合句意。30.Smartcity解析：SmartcityisatermusedtodescribetheintegrationofIoTdevicesintourbaninfrastructure.智慧城市是一個(gè)描述將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備集成到城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中的術(shù)語(yǔ)。smartcity智慧城市，最符合句意。三、閱讀理解答案及解析31.A.TheInternetofThingsisanetworkofphysicalobjectsconnectedtotheInternet.解析：文章第一句明確指出“TheInternetofThings(IoT)referstothenetworkofphysicalobjects—devices,vehicles,buildings,andotheritems—embeddedwithsensors,software,andothertechnologiestoconnectandexchangedatawithotherdevicesandsystemsovertheInternet.”即“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）是指由傳感器、軟件和其他技術(shù)嵌入的物理對(duì)象——設(shè)備、車輛、建筑物和其他物品——組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這些對(duì)象可以連接并交換數(shù)據(jù)，與其他設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)行通信?！彼訟選項(xiàng)最符合主旨。32.B.Theymonitorandcontrolmachinery,optimizeproductionprocesses,andreducedowntime.解析：文章提到“Inindustrialsettings,IoTdevicescanmonitorandcontrolmachinery,optimizeproductionprocesses,andreducedowntime.”即“在工業(yè)環(huán)境中，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可以監(jiān)控和控制機(jī)械、優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)流程并減少停機(jī)時(shí)間?！彼訠選項(xiàng)最符合。33.B.ThepotentialapplicationsofIoTarevastandvaried.解析：文章最后一句提到“ThepotentialapplicationsofIoTarevastandvaried,rangingfromhealthcareandagriculturetotransportationandenergymanagement.”即“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的潛在應(yīng)用非常廣泛和多樣化，從醫(yī)療保健和農(nóng)業(yè)到交通和能源管理?！彼訠選項(xiàng)最符合。34.B.Theycreateacomfortableandsecurelivingenvironment.解析：文章提到“Inasmarthome,IoTdeviceslikesmartthermostats,lightingsystems,andsecuritycamerascanworktogethertocreateacomfortableandsecurelivingenvironment.”即“在智能家居中，智能恒溫器、照明系統(tǒng)和安全攝像頭等物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可以協(xié)同工作，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)舒適和安全的生活環(huán)境。”所以B選項(xiàng)最符合。35.C.hidden解析：文章第一句提到“TheseIoTdevicesareembeddedwithsensors,software,andothertechnologies.”即“這些物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備嵌入了傳感器、軟件和其他技術(shù)。”embedded在這里的意思是隱藏或嵌入，所以C選項(xiàng)最符合。四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案及解析36.ThedifferencebetweenahubandagatewayinIoTisthatahubistypicallyasimplerdevicethatconnectsmultipledevicesandforwardsdatatoacentralsystem,whileagatewayisamoreadvanceddevicethatnotonlyconnectsdevicesbutalsoprocessesandroutesdata,oftenwithmorecomplexfeaturesandhighersecuritycapabilities.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中網(wǎng)關(guān)和網(wǎng)關(guān)的區(qū)別在于，網(wǎng)關(guān)通常是一個(gè)較簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)備，連接多個(gè)設(shè)備并將數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到中央系統(tǒng)，而網(wǎng)關(guān)不僅連接設(shè)備，還處理和路由數(shù)據(jù)，通常具有更復(fù)雜的功能和更高的安全能力。37.InteroperabilityinthecontextofIoTreferstotheabilityofdifferentIoTdevicesandsystemsfromvariousmanufacturerstocommunicateandworktogetherseamlesslywithouttheneedforadditionaladaptersorsoftware.ThisiscrucialforcreatingacohesiveandfunctionalIoTecosystemwheredevicescanexchangedataandperformtaskscollaboratively.解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的互操作性是指來(lái)自不同制造商的不同物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)能夠無(wú)縫通信和協(xié)作的能力，而無(wú)需額外的適配器或軟件。這對(duì)于創(chuàng)建一個(gè)連貫且功能性的