2023新教材高二英語(yǔ)第一單元試題匯編一、單元概述本單元以"PeopleofAchievement"（成就人物）為核心主題，圍繞"成就的定義""人物的奮斗歷程""貢獻(xiàn)的價(jià)值"展開，涵蓋傳記（Biography）、議論文（ArgumentativeEssay）等語(yǔ)篇類型。單元核心考點(diǎn)聚焦：語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)從句（關(guān)系代詞*who/which/that*、關(guān)系副詞*where/when*的辨析與運(yùn)用）、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)/伴隨狀語(yǔ)）；能力：理解傳記文本中人物的"經(jīng)歷-挑戰(zhàn)-成就"邏輯鏈，分析議論文中"觀點(diǎn)-論據(jù)"的支撐關(guān)系，用英語(yǔ)描述人物成就并表達(dá)評(píng)價(jià)。二、試題匯編（一）詞匯運(yùn)用（UnitCoreVocabulary）1.單詞拼寫（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫單詞）(1)Her_______(成就)inenvironmentalprotectionhaveinfluencedmanypeople.(2)Thescientist_______(致力于)mostofhistimetoresearchingrenewableenergy.(3)Hiswork_______(貢獻(xiàn))totheimprovementofpeople’slivingconditions.2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）(1)Sheisa_______(devote)volunteerwhospendseveryweekendhelpingtheelderly.(2)His_______(persist)inlearningEnglishfinallyhelpedhimgetajobabroad.(3)Theteam’s_______(achieve)madeallmembersfeelproud.3.短語(yǔ)填空（選擇合適的短語(yǔ)填空，注意形式變化）(1)Despitebeingtired,she_______workingonherprojectuntilmidnight.(2)Agoodteachercan_______inastudent’slife.(3)He_______teachingforover40yearsandhastrainedmanyexcellentstudents.（二）語(yǔ)法填空（語(yǔ)篇型：傳記語(yǔ)境）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YuanLongping,_______(1)isknownasthe"FatherofHybridRice,"wasbornin1930inHunanProvince.He_______(2)(develop)aninterestinagriculturewhenhewasyoung.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,he_______(3)(work)asateacherinaruralschool.YuanLongpingdevotedhislifeto_______(4)(study)hybridrice.Hefacedmanychallenges:lackoffunds,poorworkingconditions,anddoubtsfromotherscientists._______(5)(however),henevergaveup.In1973,he_______(6)(success)indevelopingthefirsthigh-yieldhybridrice.Thisinvention_______(7)(save)millionsofpeoplefromhungeraroundtheworld.YuanLongping_______(8)(consider)oneofthegreatestagriculturalscientistsinChina._______(9)(he)storytellsusthat_______(10)(persist)andhardworkareessentialtoachievingsuccess.（三）閱讀理解（Theme-BasedReading）A篇（傳記：袁隆平）YuanLongping,bornin1930,wasaChineseagronomistandhybridriceexpert.Heiswidelyregardedasthe"FatherofHybridRice"forhiscontributionstosolvingglobalfoodsecurity.Yuan’sinterestinagriculturebeganduringhischildhood.HesawmanypeoplegohungryduringtheGreatFamine(____)anddecidedtostudyricetohelpfeedmorepeople.AftergraduatingfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953,heworkedasateacherinaruralschoolinHunan.Inthe1960s,Yuanstartedresearchinghybridrice.Atthattime,mostscientistsbelievedthathybridricewasimpossibletodevelop.ButYuanpersisted.Hespentyearsexperimentinginthefields,evenlivinginasmallhuttomonitorhiscrops.In1973,hesuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthigh-yieldhybridrice,whichincreasedriceproductionby20%-30%.Yuan’sinventionhashadaprofoundimpact.IthashelpedChinafeed20%oftheworld’spopulationwithonly9%oftheworld’sarableland.Hisworkhasalsobeenintroducedtoover40countries,includingIndia,Vietnam,andthePhilippines.YuanLongpingoncesaid,"Mylife’sgoalistohelppeoplehaveenoughtoeat.IfIcandothat,Iwillbeveryhappy."Hepassedawayin2021,buthislegacyliveson.問題：1.WhatmadeYuanLongpingdecidetostudyrice?A.Hischildhoodinterestinagriculture.B.TheGreatFamineinChina.D.Theneedforhigh-yieldcropsinruralareas.2.WhendidYuanLongpingdevelopthefirsthigh-yieldhybridrice?A.In1953.B.In1960.C.In1973.D.In2021.3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofhybridrice.B.YuanLongping’slifeandachievements.C.Theimportanceoffoodsecurity.D.Theprocessofdevelopinghybridrice.B篇（議論文：成就的真正含義）Whatistrueachievement?Manypeoplethinkit’saboutwealth,fame,orpower.Butinreality,trueachievementisaboutmakingapositiveimpactonothers.Considerateacherwhospendsextratimehelpingastrugglingstudent.Thatteachermaynotbefamousorrich,buttheyareachievingsomethingmeaningful—theyarechangingastudent’slife.Anursewhoworkslonghourstocareforpatientsisalsoachievingsomethinggreat.Theirworkmaynotberecognizedbythepublic,butitmatterstothepeopletheyhelp.Moreover,trueachievementisaboutfollowingyourpassion.Ifyoulovewhatyoudo,youwillputintheefforttoexcel.Anartistwhopaintsbecausetheyloveit,eveniftheydon’tsellmanypaintings,isachievingsomething.Awriterwhowritesbecausetheywanttosharetheirideasisalsoachievingsomething.Inshort,trueachievementisnotaboutwhatyouget—it’saboutwhatyougive.It’saboutmakingtheworldabetterplace,onesmallstepatatime.問題：1.Whatdomanypeoplethinkachievementmeans?A.Makingapositiveimpactonothers.B.Havingwealth,fame,orpower.D.Followingyourpassion.2.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftrueachievement?A.Apersonwhowinsalottery.B.Astudentwhocheatsonanexam.C.Anursewhocaresforpatients.D.Apersonwhoquitstheirjobbecauseit’shard.3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Trueachievementisaboutgiving,notgetting.B.Wealthandfamearenotimportant.C.Everyonecanachievesomething.D.Followingyourpassionisthekeytosuccess.（四）完形填空（Narrative:人物奮斗故事）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WangLiisayoungdancerfromasmalltowninSichuan.Shehasloveddancingsinceshewasachild,butherfamilycouldn’taffordtosendhertoadanceschool._______(1)shedidn’tgiveup.Shepracticeddancingeveryday,usingvideosfromtheinternettolearnnewmoves.WhenWangLiwas17,shedecidedtogotoChengdutopursueherdream.Sheworkedasapart-timewaitresstoearnmoney._______(2)herfreetime,shewenttodancestudiostopractice.Sheshowedherdancestomanypeople,butnoonewasinterestedinhiringher._______(3)shedidn’tlosehope.Oneday,adancecoachsawWangLipracticinginapark.Hewasimpressedbyhertalentandaskedhertojoinhisdanceteam.WangLiwasveryexcited.Sheworkedhardintheteam,andherdancesbeganto_______(4)attention.Soon,shewasinvitedtoperforminlocalevents,andpeoplestartedtorecognizeher.Today,WangLiisasuccessfuldancer.Shehaswonseveralawardsandperformsalloverthecountry.Sheoftensays,"_______(5)youhaveadream,nevergiveup.Evenifthingsarehard,keeptrying.Youwillachieveyourgoalifyoupersist."1.A.ButB.SoC.OrD.And2.A.OnB.InC.AtD.For3.A.BecauseB.SoC.ButD.And4.A.getB.takeC.makeD.give5.A.IfB.UnlessC.ThoughD.Because（五）書面表達(dá)（DescriptiveWriting:身邊的成就人物）假設(shè)你是李華，你的英語(yǔ)老師要求你寫一篇短文，介紹一位你身邊的"成就人物"（如父母、老師、鄰居等）。內(nèi)容包括：1.人物的基本信息；2.他/她的主要成就；3.你的評(píng)價(jià)。注意：1.詞數(shù)____；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭已給出。開頭：MyEnglishteacher,Ms.Liu,isapersonofachievement.三、解題技巧與答案解析（一）詞匯運(yùn)用1.單詞拼寫(1)achievements（解析："成就"為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后面的"have"可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式）；(2)devotes（解析："致力于"用*devote*，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式）；(3)contributes（解析："貢獻(xiàn)"用*contribute*，主語(yǔ)為"hiswork"，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式）。2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(1)devoted（解析：修飾名詞"volunteer"，用形容詞*devoted*，意為"忠誠(chéng)的"）；(2)persistence（解析：形容詞性物主代詞"his"后接名詞，*persist*的名詞形式為*persistence*）；(3)achievement（解析：定冠詞"the"后接名詞，*achieve*的名詞形式為*achievement*）。3.短語(yǔ)填空(1)persistedin（解析："堅(jiān)持做某事"用*persistin*，根據(jù)"beingtired"可知用一般過去時(shí)）；(2)makeadifference（解析："有所作為"用*makeadifference*，*can*后接動(dòng)詞原形）；(3)hasbeendedicatedto（解析："致力于"用*bededicatedto*，根據(jù)"forover40years"可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）。（二）語(yǔ)法填空1.who（解析：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代人"YuanLongping"，在從句中作主語(yǔ)）；2.developed（解析："對(duì)……產(chǎn)生興趣"用*developaninterestin*，根據(jù)"whenhewasyoung"可知用一般過去時(shí)）；3.worked（解析：根據(jù)"aftergraduatingfromcollege"可知用一般過去時(shí)）；4.studying（解析：*devote...to...*中"to"為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞）；5.However（解析：表示轉(zhuǎn)折，置于句首用逗號(hào)隔開）；6.succeeded（解析："成功做某事"用*succeedindoing*，根據(jù)"in1973"可知用一般過去時(shí)）；7.hassaved（解析：表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）；8.isconsidered（解析："被認(rèn)為是……"用*beconsideredas*，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用*isconsidered*）；9.His（解析：修飾名詞"story"，用形容詞性物主代詞）；10.persistence（解析："堅(jiān)持"為名詞，作主語(yǔ)，*persist*的名詞形式為*persistence*）。（三）閱讀理解A篇1.B（解析：定位到第二段"HesawmanypeoplegohungryduringtheGreatFamine(____)anddecidedtostudyricetohelpfeedmorepeople."）；2.C（解析：定位到第三段"In1973,hesuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthigh-yieldhybridrice."）；3.B（解析：文章主要介紹了袁隆平的生平及成就）。B篇1.B（解析：定位到第一段"Manypeoplethinkit’saboutwealth,fame,orpower."）；2.C（解析：定位到第二段"Anursewhoworkslonghourstocareforpatientsisalsoachievingsomethinggreat."）；3.A（解析：文章主旨是"真正的成就在于付出，而不是獲得"）。（四）完形填空1.A（解析：前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，"家里窮，但沒有放棄"）；2.B（解析："在空閑時(shí)間"用*inone’sfreetime*）；3.C（解析：前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，"沒人感興趣，但沒有失去希望"）；4.A（解析："引起注意"用*getattention*