PeriodFourProjectⅠ.單詞自測1．topicn．話題subjectn．主題；科目2．a(chǎn)ttituden．態(tài)度，看法latituden．緯度；界限3．cautiousadj.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的cautionn．小心，謹(jǐn)慎4．eageradj.熱切的，急不可待的eagerlyadv.熱切地5．worldwideadv.&adj.全世界(的)6．a(chǎn)dolescentadj.青春期的；n．青少年adolescencen．青春期7．respondvi.做出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)responsen．反應(yīng)8．pausevi.&n．停頓，暫停stopv．停止9．securityn．平安，安全；安全措施secureadj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的；v.獲得；使安全10．revisionn．復(fù)習(xí)；修訂，修改revisevt.復(fù)習(xí)；校正11．mercyn．寬恕；仁慈mercifuladj.寬恕的；仁慈的mercifullyadv.寬恕地；仁慈地12．a(chǎn)pologyn．道歉Ⅱ.短語自測1．bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)，以……為根據(jù)2．regardlessof不管，不顧3．endup最終處于；最后成為4．relyon依賴，依靠5．thanksto幸虧；由于6．bemittedto對……盡心盡力7．haveaquarrelwith與……爭吵8．inconclusion總之Ⅰ.速讀課文，判斷正(T)誤(F)1．Robertknowsthereasonwhygirlsalwayshavesomuchtotalkabout.(F)2．Girlscancontinuethesameconversationonthesametopicforaverylongtime.(T)3．Boysandgirlshavedifferentattitudestowardsfriendship.(T)4．Friendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.(T)5．Studieshaveshownthatboyshavemorefriendshipsthangirls.(F)Ⅱ.閱讀課文，選出最佳答案1．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Boyshavemorefriendshipsthangirls.B．Boysandgirlshavethesameattitudetowardsfriendship.C．Boysshareactivities，whilegirlssharefeelings.D．Boysalwaysseemtohavealottotalkaboutwiththeirbestfriends.答案C2．FromPara.3ofthesecondtext，wecaninferthat.A．moneycanbuyfriendshipB．a(chǎn)friendinneedisafriendindeedC．whensomeoneisintrouble，afriendwillappearD．friendshipisthemostimportantthingintheworld答案B3．Accordingtothesecondtext，themostimportantthinginlifefortheauthoris.A．moneyB．friendshipC．securityD．fort答案B4．Accordingtothesecondtext，allofthefollowingarethemeaningsoffriendshipexceptthat.A．friendshipmeansnotbeingaloneB．friendshipmeanshavingsomeoneyoucanrelyonC．friendshipmeansbeingadmittedtoothersD．friendshipmeanshelpingothersdoanythingatanymoment答案D5．Accordingtothesecondtextweknowthat.A．onceafriendalwaysafriendB．onceathiefalwaysathiefC．thebestwaytohaveafriendistobeafriendD．thebestwaytohaveafriendistogiveothersmuchmoney答案CⅢ.細(xì)讀課文，完成表格，每空一詞1．a(chǎn)ttitude[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Boysandgirlshavedifferentattitudestowardsfriendship.男生和女生對友誼的態(tài)度是不一樣的。(2)Doyouknowhisattitudeto/towardsthequestion?你知道他對這個(gè)問題的看法嗎？(3)Tomhasapositiveattitudetowards/tothematter.湯姆對這件事持積極態(tài)度。[歸納拓展]attituden.態(tài)度，看法to/towards...to/towards...對……的態(tài)度havean...attitudeto/towardssb./sth.對某人/某事持……態(tài)度take/adoptan...attitude采取……的態(tài)度[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)每次都會成功，只要你對生活有份積極的態(tài)度。Everytrywillbeasuccess，ifyoutake/adopt/haveanactiveattitudetowardslife.(2)Asyougetolderyourtowardsdeathchanges.A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．opinionC．idea D．thought答案A解析考查名詞辨析。句意為：隨著年齡的增長，你對死亡的看法也會有所改變。one’sattitudeto/towards...某人對……的態(tài)度，符合句意。opinion意見，看法；idea想法，主意；thought思考，想法，思想，這幾個(gè)詞后面都不接towards。2．cautious[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Aboyislikelytobecautiousaboutsharinghisfeelingswithhisclosefriends.對于與密友們分享感情這件事，男孩會更加謹(jǐn)慎。(2)Youshouldbecautiousofthestrangers.你應(yīng)該小心提防陌生人。(3)Thestudentsarecautiousnottomakeanymistakesinspelling.學(xué)生們在拼寫時(shí)非常小心，以避免出錯(cuò)。[歸納拓展]1cautiousadj.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的becautiousabout/of...對……小心，謹(jǐn)慎于……becautioustodosth.謹(jǐn)慎地做某事2cautionn.小心，謹(jǐn)慎[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)醫(yī)生們對這種新療法很謹(jǐn)慎。Doctorsarecautiousabout/ofthenewtreatment.(2)Thesechemicalsmaybeharmfultohumanbodies.Usethemwith.A．chart B．captionC．caution D．catalogue答案C解析考查名詞辨析。句意為：這些化學(xué)藥品可能對人體有害。使用時(shí)要小心。chart意為“圖表”；caption意為“說明文字”；caution意為“小心”；catalogue意為“目錄”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。3．respond[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Whenasked，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding...當(dāng)被問起時(shí)，他們在回答前往往會猶豫一下……(2)Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall.她收到我的信時(shí)，給我回了個(gè)電話。(3)Shelaughedinresponsetohisjokes.她聽了他的笑話大笑起來。(4)Shemadenoresponsetomyquestion.她對我的問題沒有做什么答復(fù)。[歸納拓展](1)respondvi.做出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)respondtosb./sth.withsth.以某種方式回應(yīng)某人/事(2)responsen．回答；響應(yīng)；反應(yīng)inresponseto作為對……的反應(yīng)makeaquickresponseto對……作出很快的反應(yīng)[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)他對我的建議報(bào)之一笑。Herespondedtomysuggestionwithalaugh.(2)病人經(jīng)治療后未見起色。Thepatienthasnotrespondedtotreatmentyet.(3)Thesementscamespecificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen.(2015·浙江，17)A．inmemoryof B．inresponsetoC．intouchwith D．inpossessionof答案B解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：這些評論是對當(dāng)?shù)赜浾呓?jīng)常詢問的具體問題的回應(yīng)。inresponseto作為對……的回答，作為對……的反應(yīng)，符合語境。inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念；intouchwith與……有聯(lián)系；inpossessionof擁有，持有。4．mitted[語境感悟](1)(教材P19)Friendshipmeansbeingmittedtoothers.友誼意味著要全心全意地對待對方。(2)Mostcrimesaremittedbyyoungmen.多數(shù)罪行都是年輕人犯下的。(3)ThePresidentismittedtoreforminghealthcaresystem.總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。(4)Shedoesn’twanttomakeabigemotionalmitmenttoSteveatthemoment.她不想在此刻對史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承諾。[歸納拓展]1mittedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)信的；堅(jiān)定的；效忠的2mitvt.做出錯(cuò)或非法的事；犯罪或錯(cuò)等；承諾，保證mittodoing...答應(yīng)做……mitoneselftodoingsth....答應(yīng)做……3mitmentn.[C]＝promise承諾，保證；投入；奉獻(xiàn)makeamitmenttodosth.承諾/許諾做某事[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Onbalance，IthinkIwouldrathernotmitmyselftogoing(go)withyou.②Wemadeamitment(mit)tokeepworkingtogether.(2)Headmittedhavingamistake.A．mitted B．constructedC．pleted D．contributed答案A解析mitamistake犯錯(cuò)誤，符合句意。construct建設(shè)；plete完成；contribute捐助，投稿。5．mercy[語境感悟](1)(教材P19)BecauseIamafriend，Ihavehadtolearnpatienceandmercy.因?yàn)槲沂且粋€(gè)朋友，我就要學(xué)忍耐和寬容。(2)Theywerelostatthesea，atthemercyofthewindandweather.他們在海上迷了路，任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。(3)Heshowedmercytothedefeatedenemy.他憐憫被打敗的敵人。[歸納拓展]mercyn.寬??；仁慈；幸運(yùn)之事，僥幸atthemercyof...任……擺布；在……的掌握中withoutmercy無情地；殘忍地havemercyon憐憫，寬恕showmercyto對……表示同情[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)他們對敵人絕不留情。Theyhadlittlemercyontheirenemy.(2)他受到無情地對待。Hewastreatedwithoutmercy.(3)Itwasclearthatthegrocerwaspeopleheowedmoneyto.A．a(chǎn)ttheexpenseof B．a(chǎn)ttheriskofC．inthewayof D．a(chǎn)tthemercyof答案D解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：顯然，這個(gè)食物雜貨商任憑其債主的擺布。atthemercyof意為“在……支配下”，符合句意。attheexpenseof意為“以……為代價(jià)”；attheriskof意為“冒……的危險(xiǎn)”；inthewayof意為“礙……事”。1．bebasedon/upon[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Friendshipsbetweengirlsareusuallyanchoredinsharedfeelingsandsupport，butfriendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.女孩之間的友誼通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之間的友誼則以共同的活動或興趣為基礎(chǔ)。(2)In1849，hewenttoEnglandandmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.在1849年，他去了英格蘭并將倫敦作為他革命工作的基地。[歸納拓展]1bebasedon/upon以……為基礎(chǔ)，以……為根據(jù)base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基礎(chǔ)之上2basen.基礎(chǔ)；基地，根據(jù)地；vt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)一句多譯他的觀點(diǎn)是以事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的。①Hebasedhisopiniononthefacts.②Hisopinionwasbasedonthefacts.(2)Manystudentsbelievethechoiceoftheircoursesanduniversitiesshouldtheirowninterest.A．bebasedon B．baseonC．bebasingon D．baseat答案A解析句意為：許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為他們的課程和大學(xué)的選擇應(yīng)該以他們自己的興趣為基礎(chǔ)。base和choice是動賓關(guān)系，故用被動形式短語bebasedon，意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”。2．regardlessof[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Thequalitiesthatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriendseemtobethesame，regardlessofthebasisofthesefriendships.無論男孩和女孩友誼的基礎(chǔ)是什么，他們所看重的朋友身上的品質(zhì)似乎是一樣的。(2)Hehiredaplaneregardlessofthecost.他不惜代價(jià)，租了一架飛機(jī)。(3)Wearrivedatthestationinspiteofthestorm.雖然有暴風(fēng)雨，我們依舊準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到達(dá)了火車站。[歸納拓展]1regardlessof是固定短語，意為“不管，不顧”，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。2inspiteof不管，盡管[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)不管天氣如何，我們都將繼續(xù)跑步比賽。We’llcontinuetheraceregardlessoftheweather.(2)whattheirfriendshipsarebasedupon，sharedfeelingsoractivities，theimportantthingtorememberisbothofthemarefriendships.A．Regardless；that B．Regardlessof；whatC．Though；/ D．Regardlessof；that答案D解析句意為：不管他們的友誼是建立在什么基礎(chǔ)之上，共享的感情也好，共同參加的活動也好，要記住最重要的事情是這兩種都是友誼。regardlessof“不管”為介詞短語，后跟名詞性從句；第二個(gè)空后為表語從句，缺少引導(dǎo)詞that。(3)Ourclubisopentoeveryoneage，sexoreducationalbackground.(2014·福建，22)A．dueto B．exceptforC．a(chǎn)longwith D．regardlessof答案D解析考查語境選詞。句意為：我們的俱樂部對任何人都開放，無論年齡、性別或教育背景。regardlessof不顧，不管，不考慮，符合句意。3．endup[語境感悟](1)(教材P19)Iendedupreturningtothetrainstationandspendingtherestofthedayinthewaitingroom.最終我回到火車站，在候車室里過完了這一天。(2)Westartedwithsoup，andendedupwithfruits.我們開始時(shí)喝湯，最后吃水果。(3)Theireffortendedupinfailure.他們的努力以失敗告終。[歸納拓展]endup最終成為；最后處于，后接形容詞、介詞短語或分詞作狀語。endupwith后面的賓語是其主語的一部分，而endupin后面的賓語是其主語一件事情、一個(gè)活動等的結(jié)果。[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)看了那么多的房子之后，我們最后還是買了湖邊的那棟房子。Afterseeingsomanyhouses，weendedupwithbuyingtheoneonthelakeside.(2)IwasgoingtodosomeshoppinginGoldenEagle，butwatchingTVathomebecauseoftiredness.A．endedup B．tookupC．gotdown D．settleddown答案A解析endupdoingsth.以做某事而結(jié)束，符合句意。takeup開始從事；getdown使沮喪，吞下；settledown安頓下來，定居下來。句意為：我本來打算去GoldenEagle購物，但因?yàn)槠谧罱K在家里看電視了。4．relyon/upon[語境感悟](1)(教材P19)FriendshipmeanshavingsomeoneIcanrelyon.友誼意味著擁有我可以依靠的人。(2)Youshouldrelyonyourownjudgement.你應(yīng)當(dāng)相信自己的判斷。(3)Hecan’tbereliedontotellthetruth.不能指望他說真話。(4)Youcanrelyonitthathewilletohelpyou.你放心好了，他會來幫你的。[歸納拓展]relyon/upon＝dependon/upon指望，依賴；信任relyon/uponsb.todosth.依賴/相信/指望某人去,做某事relyon/uponsb.for...依靠某人……relyonitthat...相信……，指望……[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)你盡管相信我一定為你保密。Youcanrelyon/uponmetokeepyoursecret.(2)Thesoldiersliveonanislandintheseafarawayfromland，andeveryweektheytheboatfortheirsuppliesoffreshwater，vegetablesandfoods.A．belongto B．cutbackonC．relyon D．a(chǎn)skaround答案C解析從題干語義可以推知，生活在島上的戰(zhàn)士依靠船來給他們補(bǔ)給淡水，蔬菜和食物。relyon依靠，指望，符合句意。belongto屬于；cutbackon減少；askaround四處詢問。5．thanksto[語境感悟](1)(教材P19)Thankstoherhelp，Iwasabletopasstheexam.多虧了她的幫助，我才能通過考試。(2)Itwasagreatsuccess—thankstoalotofhardwork.由于盡心竭力，這才獲得了巨大的成功。[歸納拓展]1thanksto幸虧，多虧，因?yàn)?表示“因?yàn)椤钡亩陶Z還有：becauseof作狀語dueto作表語或狀語owingto作狀語asaresultof作狀語[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)多虧了這位熱心的警察，夫妻倆找到了兒子。Thankstothewarm-heartedpoliceman，thecouplefoundtheirson.(2)據(jù)說他是因傳播網(wǎng)絡(luò)流言而被拘捕的第一個(gè)人。Hewassaidtobethefirstmanwhowasarrestedbecauseofspreadingonlinerumors.(3)Ibelievewecouldfacedelaysifwetravelbybus，trafficjams.A．thanksto B．despiteC．regardlessof D．inspiteof答案A解析句意為：由于交通阻塞，我認(rèn)為如果乘公共汽車我們將會面臨遲到。thanksto由于；despite盡管；regardlessof無論，不管；inspiteof盡管，不管。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。狀語從句中的省略[語境感悟](1)(教材P18)Whenasked，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding...當(dāng)被問起時(shí)，他們在回答前往往會猶豫一下……(2)Iwon’tgotothepartyunless(Iam)invited.我不會參加聚會，除非邀請我。(3)While(hewas)incollege，helivedasimplelife.在大學(xué)期間，他過著簡單的生活。(4)Eventhough(heis)invited，hewillnotgothere.即使受到邀請，他也不去那兒。[歸納拓展](1)在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方式、條件等狀語從句中，如果謂語部分有動詞be，從句的主語又和主句的主語一致，常把從句中的主語和動詞be省略。(2)在which，when，where，how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，?？墒÷耘c主句相同的部分，僅保留一個(gè)連詞。(3)在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件狀語從句中常省略itis。常見的有wheneverpossible，wherenecessary，wherepossible，ifnecessary，ifso，ifpossible，ifany等。[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)把下面的句子改為省略句①Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Don’tspeakuntilspokento.②Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone.Shestoodatthegateasifwaitingforsomeone.③Becarefulwhileyouarecrossingtheroad.Becarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.(2)“If，”headded，“enoughtime，Iwouldcertainlyhavedoneitbetter.”A．togive B．givenC．Iwasgiven D．tobegiven答案B解析考查虛擬語氣及狀語從句的省略。句意為：他補(bǔ)充說，“如果給我足夠的時(shí)間，我一定能做得更好”。“IfIweregivenenoughtime，Iwouldcertainlyhavedoneitbetter.”省略“Iwere”，故選B。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Sheisverycautious(謹(jǐn)慎的)of/aboutgivingoffensetoothers.2．Twoguardslookedafterthesecurity(安全)oftheproperty.3．Arevision(修訂本)ofthebookwillbepublished.4．Frenchcheesesarefamousworldwide(全世界)．5．Boysandgirlshavedifferentattitudes(態(tài)度)towardsfriendship.6．Manyadolescents(青少年)areaddictedtotheInternet.7．Heresponded(回應(yīng))tomysuggestionwithalaugh.8．It’scruel(殘酷的)ofthebosstotreatthatman.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(regardlessof，bebasedon，relyon，thanksto，inconclusion)1．Friendshipisbasedonmutualrespectandunderstanding.2．Hecontinuedspeakingregardlessofmyfeelingandobjectiononthematter.3．Thankstoyourhelp，wefinishedthetaskaheadoftime.4．Inconclusion,I’dliketosayI’veenjoyedstayinghere.5．IknowIcanrelyonyoutosortitout.Ⅲ.完成句子1．發(fā)生在我們辦公室里的事令我大惑不解。I’mpuzzledbywhathappenedinouroffice.2．王鵬偉坐在他那空蕩蕩的餐館里，感到十分沮喪。WangPengweisatinhisemptyrestaurantfeelingveryfrustrated.3．他一有可能就來幫助我。Whenever(itis)possible，hewilletohelpme.4．他們用水只能依靠這條河。Theyhavetorelyonthe