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2025年英語(yǔ)翻譯資格考試筆譯模擬試卷(跨文化交際解析)考試時(shí)間:______分鐘總分:______分姓名:______一、單項(xiàng)選擇要求:仔細(xì)閱讀每道題的語(yǔ)境,從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣且翻譯最準(zhǔn)確的答案。這些題目涵蓋了日常對(duì)話、商務(wù)溝通、文化介紹等不同場(chǎng)景,旨在考察你對(duì)跨文化交際中語(yǔ)言得體性的把握。記得,翻譯不僅僅是文字轉(zhuǎn)換,更是文化信息的傳遞,要特別留意那些可能因文化差異而產(chǎn)生誤解的表達(dá)。1.在一次國(guó)際商務(wù)會(huì)議上,外國(guó)客商詢(xún)問(wèn)你關(guān)于公司未來(lái)發(fā)展計(jì)劃的細(xì)節(jié)。以下哪種回答方式最得體?A."Weareplanningtoexpandourbusiness,butwearenotsureabouttheexactdetailsyet."B."Wearenotreadytodiscloseourfutureplans,butweareopentodiscussingthemwithpotentialpartners."C."Ourcompanyisconsideringseveraloptionsforgrowth,andwearenotfinalizedonanyspecificplan."D."Wearenotinapositiontoshareourplanswithyouatthistime."2.當(dāng)你向外國(guó)友人介紹中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日時(shí),以下哪種表述最能引起對(duì)方的興趣并幫助他們理解?A."TheChineseNewYearisatimewhenfamiliesgatherandcelebratewithfireworksanddragondances."B."DuringtheSpringFestival,weeatdumplingsandsetofffirecrackerstoscareawayevilspirits."C."TheLanternFestivaliswhenwemakepaperlanternsandsolveriddleswrittenonthem."D."TheMid-AutumnFestivalisatimeformoongazingandeatingmooncakes,whichareroundandsweet."3.在跨文化交流中,如果你需要拒絕對(duì)方的邀請(qǐng),以下哪種說(shuō)法最為禮貌且有效?A."Iamsorry,butIhavealreadymadeotherarrangementsforthatevening."B."Idon'tthinkIcanmakeit,becauseIhavetoomuchworktodo."C."Iwouldloveto,butIamnotfreethatday."D."Ican'tcomebecauseIhaveapriorcommitment."4.當(dāng)你與外國(guó)同事合作完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目后,以下哪種方式最能表達(dá)你的感謝和贊賞?A."Greatjob,everyone!Youallworkedreallyhardonthisproject."B."Iappreciateyourhardworkanddedicationtothisproject.Itwasapleasureworkingwithyou."C."Thanksforyoureffort.Theprojectisdone,andwecanallgohomenow."D."Youdidagoodjob,butthereweresomemistakesinyourpartofthework."5.在跨文化交際中,如果你需要表達(dá)對(duì)某人的尊重,以下哪種說(shuō)法最為恰當(dāng)?A."Youaredoingagreatjob,butIthinkyoushouldtrytobemorelikeus."B."Iadmireyourcultureandthewayyoudothings.It'sveryinterestingtolearnfromyou."C."Youaredifferentfromus,butIthinkthat'swhatmakesyouunique."D."Idon'tunderstandyourwayofdoingthings,butIrespectyourchoice."二、多項(xiàng)選擇要求:仔細(xì)閱讀每道題的語(yǔ)境,從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出所有符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣且翻譯最準(zhǔn)確的答案。這些題目涵蓋了跨文化交際中的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題,旨在考察你對(duì)文化差異敏感性的理解和應(yīng)對(duì)能力。記住,有時(shí)候一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá)可能包含多重文化含義,需要你仔細(xì)分析和判斷。6.當(dāng)你與外國(guó)客戶(hù)溝通時(shí),以下哪些行為能夠體現(xiàn)你的專(zhuān)業(yè)性和文化敏感性?A.Alwaysaddressingtheclientwiththeirlastnameandtitletoshowrespect.B.Avoidingdirecteyecontacttoshowhumilityandrespect.C.Askingfortheclient'sopinionbeforemakinganydecisions.D.Offeringtoshareyourpersonalculturalexperiencestobuildrapport.7.在跨文化團(tuán)隊(duì)中,以下哪些做法有助于促進(jìn)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和溝通?A.Encouragingopenandhonestcommunicationamongteammembers.B.Makingsurethatallteammembershaveachancetospeakandbeheard.C.Respectingeachmember'sculturalbackgroundandcustoms.D.Dominatingtheconversationtoshowyourauthorityandexpertise.8.當(dāng)你為外國(guó)友人介紹中國(guó)的飲食文化時(shí),以下哪些說(shuō)法能夠幫助他們更好地理解和欣賞?A.ExplainingtheimportanceofchopsticksinChinesediningandhowtousethemproperly.B.Describingthevariousregionalcuisinesandtheiruniqueflavors.C.Mentioningthesymbolicmeaningsofcertaindishes,suchasfishforabundanceanddumplingsforwealth.D.ComparingChinesefoodtotheirowncuisinetohighlightthedifferencesandsimilarities.9.在跨文化交際中,以下哪些行為能夠幫助你避免文化沖突和誤解?A.Beingopen-mindedandwillingtolearnaboutothercultures.B.Askingquestionswhenyouareunsureaboutsomethingtoclarifyyourdoubts.C.Assumingthateveryonethinksandbehavesthesamewayyoudo.D.Beingpatientandunderstandingwhendealingwithculturaldifferences.10.當(dāng)你與外國(guó)同事合作時(shí),以下哪些做法能夠幫助你建立良好的合作關(guān)系?A.Showingrespectfortheirworkandacknowledgingtheircontributions.B.Offeringhelpandsupportwhentheyneedit.C.Communicatingclearlyandconciselytoavoidmisunderstandings.D.Competingwiththemtoshowwhoismorecapableanddeservingofthecredit.三、句子翻譯要求:仔細(xì)閱讀每道題的中文句子,從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣且翻譯最準(zhǔn)確的答案。這些句子涵蓋了跨文化交際中的常見(jiàn)場(chǎng)景,旨在考察你對(duì)語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換的準(zhǔn)確性和流暢性。記得,翻譯不僅僅是文字轉(zhuǎn)換,更是文化信息的傳遞,要特別留意那些可能因文化差異而產(chǎn)生誤解的表達(dá)。11.中國(guó)人在慶祝春節(jié)時(shí)會(huì)貼春聯(lián)和窗花,以此來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)新年的美好祝愿。A.Chinesepeoplesticktocoupletsandpaper-cuttingsduringtheSpringFestivaltoexpresstheirgoodwishesfortheNewYear.B.DuringtheChineseNewYear,peoplepastespringcoupletsandwindowflowerstoconveytheirblessingsforthecomingyear.C.ItiscustomaryforChinesepeopletohangcoupletsandpaper-cuttingsonwindowsduringtheSpringFestivaltowishforaprosperousnewyear.D.Chinesefamiliesdecoratetheirhomeswithspringcoupletsandpaper-cuttingsduringtheSpringFestival,hopingforgoodluckinthenewyear.12.在日本商務(wù)文化中,鞠躬是一種非常重要的禮儀,用來(lái)表達(dá)尊重和感謝。A.InJapanesebusinessculture,bowingisaveryimportantetiquettetoshowrespectandgratitude.B.BowingisconsideredacrucialpartofJapanesebusinessetiquette,usedtoexpressrespectandthanks.C.TheJapanesehaveaveryimportantbusinesscustomofbowing,whichisusedtoshowrespectandgratitude.D.InthebusinesscultureofJapan,bowingishighlyvaluedasawaytoexpressrespectandthanks.13.法國(guó)人在餐桌上非常注重禮儀,他們會(huì)先品嘗湯,然后再吃主菜和配菜。A.Frenchpeoplearevery注重禮儀atthedinnertable,theywillfirsttastethesoup,thenthemaindishandsidedishes.B.InFrenchdiningetiquette,peoplefirsthavesoup,thenthemaincourseandsidedishes.C.TheFrenchplacegreatimportanceondiningetiquette,startingwithsoupbeforemovingontothemaincourseandsidedishes.D.Atthedinnertable,Frenchpeoplearevery講究禮儀,theyalwayshavesoupfirst,followedbythemaindishandsidedishes.14.在印度,人們將牛奶倒入神像的口中作為一種敬神的方式,以此來(lái)表達(dá)他們的虔誠(chéng)。A.InIndia,peoplepourmilkintothemouthofthegodasawaytoshowtheirpiety.B.TheIndianspourmilkintothemouthofthedeityasaformofworshiptoexpresstheirdevotion.C.InIndia,peoplepourmilkintothegod'smouthasawayofshowingtheirreverence.D.Toexpresstheirpiety,peopleinIndiapourmilkintothemouthofthegodasaformofworship.15.美國(guó)人在社交場(chǎng)合中通常比較隨意,他們可能會(huì)直接稱(chēng)呼對(duì)方的昵稱(chēng),以此來(lái)拉近距離。A.Americansareusuallycasualinsocialsettings,theymaydirectlycallthenicknameoftheotherpersontogetcloser.B.Insocialsettings,Americanstendtobeinformal,oftenaddressingeachotherbynicknamestocreateacloserbond.C.Americanpeoplearequite隨意insocialoccasions,theymightdirectlyusethenicknameofotherstodrawnear.D.Insocialsettings,Americansareusuallyquite隨意,theymaydirectlyaddresstheotherpersonbytheirnicknametoestablishacloserrelationship.四、段落翻譯要求:仔細(xì)閱讀每段中文文字,從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣且翻譯最準(zhǔn)確的段落。這些段落涵蓋了跨文化交際中的常見(jiàn)話題,旨在考察你對(duì)段落整體翻譯的流暢性和準(zhǔn)確性。記得,翻譯不僅僅是文字轉(zhuǎn)換,更是文化信息的傳遞,要特別留意那些可能因文化差異而產(chǎn)生誤解的表達(dá),同時(shí)注意保持段落的邏輯性和連貫性。16.中國(guó)的茶文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),茶不僅僅是一種飲料,更是一種生活態(tài)度和社交方式。中國(guó)人喜歡在茶館里會(huì)友,邊喝茶邊聊天,這種習(xí)慣有助于增進(jìn)人與人之間的感情。茶道是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種和諧、寧?kù)o的生活方式。通過(guò)茶文化,中國(guó)人表達(dá)了對(duì)自然的尊重和對(duì)生活的熱愛(ài)。A.Chineseteaculturehasalonghistory,teaisnotjustabeverage,butalsoalifestyleandawayofsocializing.Chinesepeopleliketomeetfriendsinteahouses,chatwhiledrinkingtea,thishabithelpstoenhancethefeelingsbetweenpeople.TeaceremonyisanimportantpartofChinesetraditionalculture,itemphasizesaharmoniousandtranquilwayoflife.Throughteaculture,theChineseexpresstheirrespectfornatureandloveforlife.B.TheChineseteacultureisancient,teaisnotonlyadrinkbutalsoalifeattitudeandasocialmethod.Chinesepeopleliketogettogetherwithfriendsinteahouses,drinkteaandchat,thiscustomhelpstopromotetherelationshipbetweenpeople.TheteaceremonyisanimportantcomponentofChinesetraditionalculture,ithighlightsaharmoniousandcalmlifestyle.Throughteaculture,theChineseshowtheirrespectfornatureandpassionforlife.C.Chineseteaculturehasalong-standingtradition,whereteaisnotjustabeveragebutalsorepresentsalifestyleandsocialinteraction.ItiscommonforChinesepeopletomeetfriendsinteahouses,drinkteaandengageinconversation,fosteringstrongerbondsbetweenindividuals.TheteaceremonyisasignificantpartofChinesetraditionalculture,emphasizingaharmoniousandserenewayoflife.TeacultureallowstheChinesetoexpresstheirreverencefornatureandloveforlife.D.Chineseteacultureisdeeplyrootedinhistory,teaismorethanjustadrink,itisawayoflifeandameansofsocializing.Chinesepeopleenjoymeetingfriendsinteahouses,drinkingteaandtalking,thispracticehelpstodeepentherelationshipsbetweenpeople.TheteaceremonyisavitalpartofChinesetraditionalculture,itunderscoresaharmoniousandpeacefullifestyle.Throughteaculture,theChineseconveytheirrespectfornatureandtheiraffectionforlife.17.法國(guó)是浪漫之都,這里有著豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)和獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)氛圍。法國(guó)人熱愛(ài)生活,他們喜歡在戶(hù)外用餐,享受陽(yáng)光和微風(fēng)。法國(guó)的餐飲文化非常講究,從面包到奶酪,從葡萄酒到甜點(diǎn),每一道菜都有其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)味和故事。法國(guó)人還非常注重家庭和友誼,他們經(jīng)常與親朋好友相聚,共享美食和快樂(lè)時(shí)光。法國(guó)的社會(huì)氛圍充滿了活力和創(chuàng)造力,吸引著來(lái)自世界各地的游客和藝術(shù)家。A.Franceisthecityofromance,herethereisarichculturalheritageandauniqueartisticatmosphere.TheFrenchlovelife,theyliketodineoutdoors,enjoythesunshineandbreeze.Frenchcuisineisvery講究,frombreadtocheese,fromwinetodessert,everydishhasitsuniqueflavorandstory.TheFrenchalsoplacegreatimportanceonfamilyandfriendship,theyoftengatherwithrelativesandfriends,sharingfoodandhappymoments.ThesocialatmosphereofFranceisfullofvitalityandcreativity,attractingtouristsandartistsfromallovertheworld.B.Franceisknownasthecityofromance,witharichculturalheritageandauniqueartisticambiance.TheFrenchenjoylife,theylovetohavemealsoutdoors,baskinginthesunlightandenjoyingthebreeze.Frenchculinarycultureishighlyregarded,everydish,frombreadtocheese,fromwinetodessert,hasitsowndistinctflavorandstory.TheFrenchalsovaluefamilyandfriendship,oftengatheringwithlovedonestosharefoodandjoyfultimes.France'ssocialenvironmentisvibrantandcreative,drawingvisitorsandartistsfromaroundtheglobe.C.Franceisthecapitalofromance,boastingarichculturallegacyandauniqueartisticvibe.TheFrenchcherishlife,theyenjoyoutdoordining,soakingupthesunshineandenjoyingthegentlebreeze.Frenchfoodcultureismeticulouslycrafted,everydish,frombreadtocheese,fromwinetodessert,hasitsownuniquetasteandstory.TheFrenchalsohighlyregardfamilyandfriendship,frequentlygatheringwithlovedonestosharedeliciousmealsandhappymoments.France'ssocialsceneisbustlingwithenergyandcreativity,attractingtouristsandartistsfromallovertheworld.D.Franceisrenownedasthecityofromance,witharichculturalheritageandadistinctiveartisticatmosphere.TheFrenchlovelivinglifetothefullest,theyenjoydiningoutdoors,revelinginthesunshineandbreeze.Frenchculinarycultureishighlyesteemed,everydish,frombreadtocheese,fromwinetodessert,hasitsownuniqueflavorandstory.TheFrenchalsoplacegreatimportanceonfamilyandfriendship,oftengettingtogetherwithlovedonestosharefoodandjoyfultimes.France'ssocialenvironmentislivelyandcreative,drawingvisitorsandartistsfromeverycorneroftheglobe.18.日本是一個(gè)島國(guó),擁有豐富的海洋資源。日本人喜歡吃海鮮,他們的飲食習(xí)慣以魚(yú)類(lèi)為主,尤其是三文魚(yú)和金槍魚(yú)。日本的餐飲文化非常注重食材的新鮮度和烹飪技巧,他們講究色香味俱全。日本的餐廳環(huán)境通常很安靜,服務(wù)員會(huì)輕聲細(xì)語(yǔ)地為顧客服務(wù)。日本人還非常注重健康飲食,他們喜歡食用蔬菜和水果,以及低脂肪的食品。日本的餐飲文化不僅體現(xiàn)了日本人對(duì)食物的熱愛(ài),也反映了他們對(duì)生活的態(tài)度和對(duì)自然的尊重。A.Japanisanislandcountry,withabundantmarineresources.TheJapaneseliketoeatseafood,theirdietaryhabitsaremainlybasedonfish,especiallysalmonandtuna.Japanesecuisineemphasizesthefreshnessofingredientsandcookingtechniques,theypursuetheperfectionofcolor,aroma,andtaste.Japaneserestaurantsareusuallyquiet,thewaitersservecustomersinalowvoice.TheJapanesealsopaygreatattentiontohealthyeating,theyliketoeatvegetablesandfruits,aswellaslow-fatfoods.JapanesecuisinenotonlyreflectstheJapaneseloveforfood,butalsoreflectstheirattitudetowardslifeandrespectfornature.B.Japanisanarchipelagowithrichoceanresources.TheJapanesehaveapreferenceforseafood,withadietprimarilyconsistingoffish,particularlysalmonandtuna.Japaneseculinaryculturefocusesonthefreshnessofingredientsandcookingskills,strivingfortheperfectharmonyofcolor,aroma,andtaste.RestaurantsinJapanaretypicallyquiet,withwaitersprovidingserviceinasoftvoice.TheJapanesealsovaluehealthyeating,enjoyingvegetables,fruits,andlow-fatfoods.JapanesecuisineembodiestheJapanesepassionforfood,aswellastheirphilosophyoflifeandrespectfornature.C.Japanisanislandnationwithabundantmarineresources.TheJapaneseenjoyseafood,withtheirdietmainlyconsistingoffish,especiallysalmonandtuna.Japanesefoodcultureemphasizesthefreshnessofingredientsandcookingtechniques,aimingfortheperfectcombinationofcolor,aroma,andtaste.Japaneserestaurantsaregenerallyquiet,withwaitersservingcustomersinawhisper.TheJapanesealsofocusonhealthyeating,preferringvegetables,fruits,andlow-fatfoods.JapanesecuisinereflectstheJapaneseloveforfood,aswellastheirapproachtolifeandrespectfornature.D.Japanisanislandcountrywithrichmarineresources.TheJapanesehaveafondnessforseafood,withadietprimarilybasedonfish,especiallysalmonandtuna.Japaneseculinaryculturehighlightsthefreshnessofingredientsandcookingmethods,追求theperfectionofcolor,aroma,andtaste.Japaneserestaurantsareusuallytranquil,withwaitersprovidingserviceinahushedtone.TheJapanesealsoprioritizehealthyeating,enjoyingvegetables,fruits,andlow-fatfoods.Japanesecuisine體現(xiàn)了theJapanesepassionforfood,aswellastheirphilosophyoflifeandrespectfornature.五、翻譯評(píng)論要求:仔細(xì)閱讀每段英文翻譯,分析其在跨文化交際中的得體性和準(zhǔn)確性,并從文化敏感性、語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換、表達(dá)流暢性等方面進(jìn)行評(píng)論。這些題目旨在考察你對(duì)翻譯質(zhì)量評(píng)估的能力,以及在實(shí)際翻譯中如何處理文化差異和語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換的問(wèn)題。記得,翻譯不僅僅是文字轉(zhuǎn)換,更是文化信息的傳遞,要特別留意那些可能因文化差異而產(chǎn)生誤解的表達(dá),同時(shí)注意保持評(píng)論的客觀性和建設(shè)性。19.英文原文:ThetraditionalJapaneseteaceremonyisahighlyritualizedandsymbolicactivitythatreflectstheJapaneseaestheticprinciplesofsimplicity,harmony,andtranquility.Itinvolvesaprecisesequenceofstepsandtheuseofspecifictools,allofwhichcontributetocreatingasereneandmeditativeatmosphere.中文翻譯:日本茶道是一種高度儀式化和象征性的活動(dòng),它反映了日本的美學(xué)原則,即簡(jiǎn)潔、和諧與寧?kù)o。它包括一系列精確的步驟和特定工具的使用,所有這些都有助于營(yíng)造一個(gè)寧?kù)o和冥想的氛圍。20.英文原文:InFrenchculture,theconceptof"joiedevivre"isdeeplyembeddedindailylife.Itisexpressedthroughtheenjoymentofgoodfood,wine,andthecompanyoffriendsandfamily.Thisculturalvalueemphasizestheimportanceoflivinginthepresentmomentandfindingjoyinsimplepleasures.中文翻譯:在法國(guó)文化中,“joiedevivre”的概念深深地融入了日常生活。它通過(guò)享受美食、葡萄酒以及與親朋好友的陪伴來(lái)表達(dá)。這種文化價(jià)值觀強(qiáng)調(diào)活在當(dāng)下和從簡(jiǎn)單的事物中尋找快樂(lè)的重要性。21.英文原文:TheIndianfestivalofDiwali,alsoknownastheFestivalofLights,isamajorcelebrationthatmarksthevictoryoflightoverdarkness.Itisatimeofjoy,renewal,andhope,withpeoplelightinglamps,settingofffireworks,andsharingsweetswithfamilyandfriends.中文翻譯:印度節(jié)日排燈節(jié),也被稱(chēng)為光明節(jié),是一個(gè)重要的慶?;顒?dòng),它標(biāo)志著光明戰(zhàn)勝黑暗。這是一個(gè)充滿歡樂(lè)、更新和希望的時(shí)刻,人們點(diǎn)燈、放煙花,并與親朋好友分享甜點(diǎn)。22.英文原文:InmanyLatinAmericancultures,theconceptof"comunidad"iscentraltosociallife.Itemphasizestheimportanceoffamily,neighborhood,andcollectivewell-being.Communitymembersoftenengageinsharedactivities,suchascookingtogether,celebratingfestivals,andsupportingeachotherduringdifficulttimes.中文翻譯:在許多拉丁美洲文化中,“comunidad”的概念是社會(huì)生活的核心。它強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭、鄰里和集體福祉的重要性。社區(qū)成員經(jīng)常參與共同活動(dòng),如一起做飯、慶祝節(jié)日以及在困難時(shí)期互相支持。23.英文原文:TheChinesepracticeofcalligraphyisnotjustanartformbutalsoawayofcultivatinginnerpeaceandmindfulness.Itinvolvesthecarefulselectionofink,paper,andbrushes,aswellasthemindfulexecutionofstrokestocreateharmoniousandaestheticallypleasingcompositions.中文翻譯:中國(guó)書(shū)法不僅僅是一種藝術(shù)形式,也是培養(yǎng)內(nèi)心平靜和專(zhuān)注的一種方式。它涉及墨、紙和筆的精心選擇,以及有意識(shí)地執(zhí)行筆畫(huà)來(lái)創(chuàng)造和諧且美觀的構(gòu)圖。本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.答案:C解析:選項(xiàng)C最得體,因?yàn)樗缺磉_(dá)了公司對(duì)未來(lái)的考慮,又沒(méi)有給出具體的計(jì)劃,這在國(guó)際商務(wù)溝通中是一種既禮貌又專(zhuān)業(yè)的做法。選項(xiàng)A不夠具體,選項(xiàng)B過(guò)于直接,可能會(huì)讓對(duì)方感到被冒犯,選項(xiàng)D則顯得不夠合作。2.答案:A解析:選項(xiàng)A最能引起對(duì)方的興趣,因?yàn)樗煤?jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言描述了節(jié)日的核心活動(dòng)和氛圍,易于理解。選項(xiàng)B和C過(guò)于詳細(xì),可能會(huì)讓對(duì)方感到信息過(guò)載,選項(xiàng)D則過(guò)于抽象,難以引起共鳴。3.答案:A解析:選項(xiàng)A最為禮貌且有效,因?yàn)樗峁┝艘粋€(gè)合理的理由,同時(shí)沒(méi)有直接拒絕對(duì)方的邀請(qǐng)。選項(xiàng)B和C不夠禮貌,選項(xiàng)D則顯得過(guò)于直接,可能會(huì)讓對(duì)方感到被冒犯。4.答案:B解析:選項(xiàng)B最能表達(dá)感謝和贊賞,因?yàn)樗粌H肯定了同事的努力,還

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