Unit1Alandofdiversity一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．straitn． 海峽2．Arcticadj. 北極的；北極區(qū)的3．theArctic 北極4．ministryn. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé)5．federaladj. 聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的[第二屏聽寫]6．nephewn． 侄子；外甥7．a(chǎn)ircraftn. 飛行器；航空器；飛機8．vicen．&adj. 代理；副職9．shavevt.&vi. 刮；剃10．tramn. (有軌)電車11．bakeryn. 面包房；面包廠[第三屏聽寫]12．ferryn． 渡船；渡口vt. 擺渡；渡運13．seagulln. 海鷗14．cattlen. 牛(總稱)15．mournvt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛16．a(chǎn)uthorityn. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力(pl.) 當(dāng)局；官方Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽寫]1．distinctadj. 清晰的；明顯的；明確的2．distinction_n. 差別；區(qū)分；卓著3．immigrantn. (從外國移入的)移民4．immigratevi. 移入(外國定居)5．immigrationn. 移民；移居入境6．means_n. 手段；方法7．majority_n. 大多數(shù)；大半[第五屏聽寫]8．despiteprep. 盡管；不管9．hardshipn. 苦難；困苦10．electvt. 選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人11．boomn. (人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi. 處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期12．racialadj. 人種的；種族的13．crossingn. 橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道[第六屏聽寫]14．railn． 鐵路；扶手；(護欄的)橫條15．percentagen. 百分比；百分率16．polen. 地極；電極；磁極17．a(chǎn)pplicantn. 申請人18．customsn. 海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進口稅19．socialistn. 社會主義者；社會黨人adj. 社會主義者的[第七屏聽寫]20．socialismn． 社會主義21．occurvi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)22．indicatevt. 指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示23．luggagen. 行李(〈美〉baggage)24．a(chǎn)pparentadj. 顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的25．a(chǎn)pparentlyadv. 顯然地；顯而易見地26．braken. 閘；剎車；制動器vi.&vt. 剎(車)；用制動器減速[第八屏聽寫]27．conductorn． (公車)售票員；列車員；(樂隊)指揮28．slipvi. 滑動；滑行；滑跤n. 滑動；滑倒29．hirevt.&n. 租用；雇用30．fascinatingadj. 迷人的；吸引人的31．a(chǎn)nglen. 角；角度32．nowhereadv. 無處；到處都無[第九屏聽寫]33．punishmentn． 處罰；懲罰34．justicen. 正義；公平35．civiladj. 公民的；國內(nèi)的；民間的36．reformvt.&vi. 改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良37．graspvt.&n. 抓?。蛔ゾo；掌握；領(lǐng)會38．thoughtfuladj. 關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的[第十屏聽寫]39．insertvt. 插入；嵌入40．thankfuladj. 感激的；感謝的41．a(chǎn)_great/good_many 許多；很多42．keep_up 堅持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)43．live_on 繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存44．by_means_of_... 用……辦法；借助……[第十一屏聽寫]45．make_a_life 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等46．back_to_back 背靠背47．a(chǎn)pply_for 申請；請示得到48．mark_out 用線畫出范圍；標(biāo)出……界線49．take_in 包括；吸收50．team_up_with 與……合作或一起工作二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點再過基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.straitn．海峽2．Arcticadj.北極的；北極區(qū)的3．ministryn.(政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé)4．shavev.刮；剃5．vicen．&adj.代理；副職6.federaladj.聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的7．a(chǎn)ircraftn.飛行器；航空器；飛機8．nephewn.侄子；外甥9．tramn.(有軌)電車10．cattlen.牛(總稱)11．bakeryn.面包房；面包廠12.ferryn．渡船；渡口vt.擺渡；渡運13．seagulln.海鷗14．mournv.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛15．a(chǎn)uthorityn.權(quán)威；權(quán)力(pl.)當(dāng)局；官方表達單詞1.railn．鐵路；扶手；(護欄的)橫條2．hardshipn.苦難；困苦3．occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)4．luggagen.行李(〈美〉baggage)5．thankfuladj.感激的；感謝的6．boomn.(人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi.處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期7．a(chǎn)nglen.角；角度8．civiladj.公民的；國內(nèi)的；民間的9．hirevt.&n.租用；雇用10．graspvt.&n.抓??；抓緊；掌握；領(lǐng)會11．thoughtfuladj.關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的12．reformv.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良13．despiteprep.盡管；不管14．nowhereadv.無處；到處都無15．braken.閘；剎車；制動器v.剎(車)；用制動器減速16．polen.地極；電極；磁極17．fascinatingadj.迷人的；吸引人的18．justicen.正義；公平19．insertvt.嵌入；插入[語境活用]1．Iwasreallyupsettofindthatsuchathingshouldhaveoccurred_(發(fā)生)inyourshop.2．Ashiring(雇傭)hasbeemoreglobal,bothforemployersandcandidates,videointerviewingisawaytospeeduptheinterviewprocess.3．Inthemeantime,mobileonlineshoppingmarketwasbooming_(繁榮)inChina,withanannualgrowthrateof63.5%.4．Reforming(改革)theeducationsystemwillbeadifficultprocedure.5．Wheneveritis,weshouldkeepathankful(感激的)hearttowardseverythingexisted.6．Despite_(盡管)hisfrequentabsence,Brucemanagedtokeepupwithhisstudies.7．Grasp(抓住)themainideaofthetext,andyouwillbeabletoanswerthequestion.8．It'sthoughtful(體貼的)ofSuzytoplaneverythingwellbeforetheevent.9．Astrongmanwillbearhardship(困苦)withoutplaining.拓展單詞1.distinctadj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的→distinctionn．差別；區(qū)分；卓著2．immigratevi.移入(外國定居)→immigrantn．(從外國移入的)移民→immigrationn．移民；移居入境3．meansn．方法；手段→mean_v．意思是；意味著adj.吝嗇的；卑鄙的→meaningn．意思4．majorityn．大多數(shù)；大半→majoradj.主要的vi.主修n．專業(yè)→minorityn．少數(shù)5．electvt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人→electionn．選舉6．percentagen．百分比；百分率→percent_adj.百分之……的7．racialadj.人種的；種族的→racen．種族；競爭8．crossingn．橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道→crossn．十字；交叉adj.交叉的；生氣的v．使交叉；橫過→acrossprep.在……的對面(過)9．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請人→applyvi.申請→applicationn．申請書；申請10．customsn．海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進口稅→customern．顧客11．socialistn．社會主義者；社會黨人adj.社會主義者的→_societyn．社會→socialadj.社會的→socialismn．社會主義12．indicatevt.指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示→indicationn．跡象；標(biāo)示→indicatorn．指示器；指示信號13．a(chǎn)pparentadj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.顯然地；顯而易見地14．conductorn．(公車)售票員；列車員；(樂隊)指揮→conductv．管理15．slipvi.滑動；滑行；滑跤n．滑動；滑倒→slipperyadj.滑的16．punishmentn．懲罰；處罰→punishvt.懲罰；處罰[語境活用]1．—Whatisthemeaningofthesignonthebottle？—It_means“thissideup”．(mean)2．Apparently,_shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)3．Thoughhefailedmanytimesinelection,_heneverlostheartandatlasthewaselectedPresidentoftheUSA.(elect)4．He_indicated_thatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)5．Alltheapplicantscanapply_inpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)6．Oneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajor_inEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(majority)7．“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.”theboytoldthelady.(cross)8．Ifacustomerwantstobringthegoodshebuysabroadbacktoinland,hehastopaysomecustomswhenhepassesthroughtheCustoms.(custom)9．Somesocialists_believethatsocialismwillovertimeturnintowhattheyseeasamoreadvancedsystemwithnostate,money,orsocialclasses.(society)(二)常用短語寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.live_on繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存2．mark_out標(biāo)出……界線；用線畫出范圍3．a(chǎn)pply_for申請；請示得到4．take_in包括；吸收；欺騙；理解5．keep_up堅持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)6．make_a_life習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等7．back_to_back背靠背8．by_means_of_...用……辦法；借助……9．a(chǎn)_great/good_many許多；很多10．team_up_with與……合作或一起工作1.Iwouldliketoapply_foradmissiontotheEnglishClubofourschool.2．Asseniorstudents,itisimportanttokeep_upagoodstateofmind.3．Asignalmaybegivenby_means_offlags,lights,andguns.4．Ifyouteam_up_withyourclassmates,youwillsurelygetthesameworkdonefarbetter.5．Theseteenagersdon'tknowmuchoftheworldyet;that'swhytheyaresoeasilytaken_in.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，可能至少在15000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。itislikelythat......“有可能……”。對我們學(xué)生而言參觀長城有可能是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。It_is_likely_thatavisittotheGreatWallforusstudentsisanunforgettableexperience.2.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。That/Thisiswhy...“那/這就是……的原因”。那就是我認為長江這條旅游線路會是一個更好選擇的原因。That's_why_I_thinkthetripalongtheYangtzewillbeabetterchoice.3.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人們認為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯的、主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。It＋be＋過去分詞＋that從句。人們認為不吃早飯的青少年不僅容易在課上睡覺而且也不能專心聽課，這自然會導(dǎo)致他們在考試中的成績不好。It's_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_butconcentratelessonlessons,whichofcourse,resultsintheirbadperformanceinexam.一、過重點單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點)1．majorityn．大多數(shù)；大半[教材原句]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向原住民傳授天主教。(1)a/themajorityof... 大多數(shù)……inthe/amajority 占多數(shù)(2)majorn．&v. 主修；專業(yè)majorin 主修……；以……為專業(yè)(3)minorityn. 少數(shù)inthe/aminority 占少數(shù)[多角練透]單句語法填空①AmajorityofAfricansare(be)forcedtoworkfortheEuropeans.②Themajorityofthelandhas_been_destroyed(destroy)sofar.③Ihopetogainabitmoreknowledgeofgardeningsothatitcanhelpmetomajorinthegardeningafterattendingcollege.補全句子④Thewhitearein_the_majorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeoplein_the_minority.在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而土著人占少數(shù)。[名師指津]themajorityof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；后接集合名詞作主語時，若集合名詞視為整體，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)，若集合名詞考慮個體，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2．electvt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人[教材原句]BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個州的時候，它已經(jīng)是一個有著多種文化的社會了。(1)electsb.(as/tobe)＋職位＝sb.beelected(as/tobe)＋職位(職位前無冠詞)(2)electionn．選舉[題點全練]單句語法填空①DonaldTrumpwas_elected(elect)asthenewpresidentoftheUnitedStates.②IfIamluckyenoughtowintheelection(elect),thefirstthingIwilldoistoenrichourstudents'after-classactivities.3．occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)[經(jīng)典例句]Itoccurredtomethathemightbeinterestedintheproblemwehaddiscussed.我突然想起他也許對我們討論過的那個問題感興趣。sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that... 某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth. 某人突然想起做某事[多角練透]單句語法填空①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.句型轉(zhuǎn)換②ItoccurredtomethatIshouldgotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.→Itoccurredtometo_gotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.4．hiren．&vt.租用；雇用[教材原句]Teamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhiredacar.同酒店里的一對夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一輛小汽車。(1)onhire 出租forhire 可供出租(2)hiresth.out(tosb.) 把……租出去(給某人)[題點全練]單句語法填空①Therearemanybicyclesonhireinthisarea.②Therearethreesmallboatsavailableforhire.③Davidusedtohirehiscaroutsometimeswhenhedidn'tneedithimself.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ahighfeverindicates(表明)thataperson'sbodyisfightingdisease.2．Heishappythathewaselected(選舉)monitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.3．Whatdoesitcosttohire(租)acarforaweek?4．Asmanyas200,000headofcattle(牛)areraisedinthisarea,whicharelikelytoleadtothedamageoftheenvironment.5．Themajority(大多數(shù))ofpeopleinterviewedpreferredTVtoradio.6．Thereform(改革)ofteachingmethodscontributestotheimprovementofteachingquality.7．Itwasapparent(顯然的)toallthathewasguilty.8．Theoldmanslipped(滑倒)overontheicyroadandbrokehisleg.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Whenitestoeducation,the/amajorityofpeoplebelievethateducationisalifetimestudy.2．Shebecamethefirstblackwomanto_be_elected(elect)totheSenate.3．Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.4．Withthetouristtradebooming(boom),theresidentsofthisareaarepayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofnature.5．Theadvertisementforengineersinthelocalpaperattractedmanyapplicants(apply)．6．Thebellindicating(indicate)theendoftheclassrang,whichinterruptedourheateddiscussion.7．Apparently(apparent),theiPods,ifusedproperly,arehelpfultoourstudy,especiallytoourEnglishlistening.8．Unluckily,sheslipped_(slip)andfelldownfromtheupstairs.9．Furthermore,punishment(punish)isbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.10．Anewlawhasbeenbroughtintodiscourageracial(race)prejudice.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞補全句子1．鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地擁護為孩子們建造運動場的計劃。(majority)The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_supporttheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.2．她被選入樂隊，不是因為她美麗，而是因為她有音樂天賦。(elect)She_was_elected_into_the_bandnotbecauseshewasbeautifulbutbecauseshehadatalentformusic.3．邁克爾有一天能成為班里的一名優(yōu)秀生這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。(occur)Notoncedid_it_occur_to_Michael_thathecouldonedaybeeatopstudentinhisclass.4．人類會為他們破壞森林的行為而受到處罰。(punish)The_human_beings_will_be_punishedfortheirforest-destroyingactivities.二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．bymeansof通過；用……辦法；借助……[教材原句]ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.科學(xué)家們認為這些遷居者通過一條史前時代曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達美洲。bythismeans 用這種方法byallmeans 當(dāng)然可以；沒問題bynomeans 決不；一點也不(放句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序)[多角練透]單句語法填空①Studentsbuilduptheirvocabulariesbymeansofreadingmore.②Onlybythismeansis(be)itpossibletopersuadehimoutofsmoking.補全句子③Withoutknowledge,bynomeanscan_we_achieve_our_life_goal.沒有知識，我們決不能實現(xiàn)人生目標(biāo)。2．makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生[教材原句]Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.有些人死了或回家了，但是大多數(shù)人留在加利福尼亞謀生，盡管困難重重。(1)make/earna/one'sliving 謀生(2)live/leada...life 過著……生活e(back)tolife 蘇醒；變得活躍；恢復(fù)生氣bring...backtolife 使……蘇醒過來；給……活力[多角練透]單句語法填空①Shehadtolookforpart-timebabysittingjobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.同義替換②Happyisthemanwhocanmakealiving(＝make_a_life)byhishobby.補全句子③WhenAlicecame_to_life,_shedidnotknowhowlongshehadbeenlyingthere.當(dāng)愛麗絲蘇醒時，她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多久。3．takein包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留[教材原句]It'sa79kmround-tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.這是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了所有著名的旅游景點。[一詞多義]寫出下列句中takein的含義①Thefarmertookinthelosttravelersforthenight.收留②Whilereadingpopularsciencebooks,wecantakeinmorebasicknowledge.吸收③TheUnitedKingdomtakesinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.包括④Lackingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstendtobetakeninbycheaters.欺騙⑤Beforeyoutranslateasentence,youshouldfirsttakeinthemeaningofthewords.理解[歸納拓展]takeoff 脫去(衣服等)；(飛機等)起飛；成功takeon 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)takeup 拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)(時間、空間等)takeover 接收；接管；接任；取代⑥Ourfactorywilltake_ontwentymoreworkersnextmonthtoincreaseoutput.為了增加產(chǎn)量，我們廠下個月將再雇用20名工人。4．This/Thatiswhy...“這/那就是……的原因”That_is_whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。this/thatisbecause... 這/那是因為……thisisthereasonwhy... 這就是……的原因thereasonwhy...isthat... ……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)的是定語從句)thereasonthat...is... ……的原因是……(that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句)①That'swhymoreandmorepeopleinChinaareinterestedinlearningEnglish.那就是越來越多的中國人對學(xué)英語感興趣的原因。②Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.This_is_becauseaboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.(2013·安徽高考單選)從太空中看，地球是藍色的。這是因為它表面約百分之七十一都被水覆蓋著。③Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他從不放棄。Ⅰ.短語填空takein，bymeansof，markout，keepup，teamupwith，makealife，applyfor，dependon，agreatmany，occurto1．Thesiteofthenewchemicalfertilizerplanthasbeenmarked_out.2．It_occurs_tomethatmyfriendTomhasasimilarexperience.3．By_means_oftheInternet,wecankeepintouchbysendinge-mails.4．Inancienttimes,manypeopledepended_onhorsesfortransportation.5．Mr.Brownsentane-mailtothemanager,applying_for_ajobinthepany.6．Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanteam_up_withanyoneelse.7．Itishonorabletomake_a_lifewithyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.8．Afterseeinga_great_manyhomelesspeopleinthestreets,IthoughtIshoulddosomethingforthem.9．Tokeep_upgoodrelationshipswithyourteachersandclassmates,youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.10．It'ssaidthatnon-smokerswhotake_intheairpollutedbytobaccosmokesuffermorethanthesmokersthemselves.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Heisbelievedtoplaythepianofortwohourseveryday.→It_is_believed_thatheplaysthepianofortwohourseveryday.2．Theyarelikelytobefiredbythepanybecauseoftheirfault.→It_is_likely_thattheywillbefiredbythepanybecauseoftheirfault.3．Ifyougivemoreattentionandinstructiontothechild,heislikelytogrowintoamusician.→Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_thechildislikelytogrowintoamusician.4．ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewastrappedinatrafficjam.→Tomwastrappedinatrafficjamandthat's_why_he_was_late_forthemeeting.5．Weneedtothinkaboutthewordsthatweshouldsaytothevisitors.→Weneedtothinkaboutwhat_we_should_saytothevisitors.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補全(或翻譯)句子1．人們認為沒有什么人能夠在那樣的環(huán)境中生存下來。(it作形式主語的主語從句)It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_surviveinthesituationlikethat.2．科學(xué)家們最終到達了所謂的北極。(what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)Thescientistsfinallyarrivedinwhat_was_called_the_Arctic.3．與整個地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一點也不大。(過去分詞作狀語)pared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.4．我獲悉了你對英語校報的改革方案，那就是我寫信發(fā)表觀點的原因。(why引導(dǎo)的表語從句)IreadaboutyourreformoftheschoolEnglishnewspaper,andthat's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.5．他們很可能更理解我們，給我們一些合理的建議。(belikelythat...)It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語、賓語和表語Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.2．Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobviouswhattheproblemitselfis.3．Whoevereswillbeweletotheopen-airconcert.4．Everydayhegoestothelibrarybybikeexceptwhen_itrains.5．Iamafraidheismoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichiswhyheneverfinishesanything.6．ClarkisnotsurewhetherSharonwillrefusehisinvitation.7．Hemadeitclearatthemeetingthathewouldn'tagreetotheplan.8．Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon'tknowiswhichitis.9．Ifailedintheexam.ItisbecauseIdidn'tprepareforit.10．Hesaidhowheregrettedthehourswastedinthewoodsandfields.Ⅱ.補全或翻譯句子(注意使用名詞性從句)1．月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.2．我們決不能認為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。Wemustneverthink(that)_we_are_good_in_everythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.3．他本希望以更低的價格得到那部手機。那就是他上當(dāng)?shù)脑?。Hehadhopedtogetthephoneatalowerprice.Thatwaswhy_he_was_taken_in.4．英語老師要求我們在讀課文時畫出我們認為重要的知識點。OurEnglishteacherrequiresustounderlinewhat_we_regard_asimportantpointswhenwereadthetext.5．最讓我印象深刻的是他首次嘗試就通過了駕駛考試。What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_testatthefirstattempt.(二)課堂微寫作——讀后續(xù)寫[題目要求]閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事?！癐fmumfindsoutthatI'mgoingtothebeach,I'llbeinbigtrouble.”Isaidtomyselfsoftlyinalowvoice.Iwentdownstairsslowlyandtriedtowalkcasuallyintothekitchen.AsIwaswalkingtowardsthebackdoor,mumaskedwithoutlookingupfromher“dish-washing”，“Whereareyougoing？”Iansweredbackwithouthesitation,“Iamgoingtothe_gardentoplay.”AfterIgotoutofthekitchen,Ibreathedasighofrelief.Myplanhadworkedoutfinesofar.Iclimbedthefenceandjumpedontothemuddyfieldnextto_my_houseandstartedrunningtowardsthebusstopattopspeed.Afterhalfanhour,Iwasat_the_beachscanningthecrowdformyfriends,JimmyandBobby.Two_young_menwereracinginthecanoes(獨木舟).Afterawhile,Isawthemnearacoconuttree.Irantowardsthemandgotintomyswimmingtrunk(游泳褲).Foraboutanhour,weplayedvolleyballhappily.Suddenly,Bobbyhitthe_balltoohardandtheballfellintothesea.JustasBobbywasgoingtopickuptheball,the_tidecameinandcarriedtheballfurtherandfurtherawayfrom_the_shore.Iwantedtoshow_offmyswimmingskillssoIdeclaredtohelpgettheballforthem.Idivedintothe_waterandstartedswimmingatasteadypace.Afterswimmingforabouttenminutes,IbecametiredbutwhenIsawthattheballwasonlyafewfeetawayfromme,Iputinanextraburstofspeed.However,justasIwasgoingtogettheball,averystrongcurrentswepttheballfurtherawayfromme.Atthatmoment,astringofweedtangle(纏繞)upwithmyfeetandIcouldnotswimproperly.Istruggledtokeepafloatbutitwasnouse.“IfIhadlistenedtomy_parents,_thiswouldneverhavehappened，”Ithoughtsilently.注意：1．所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．應(yīng)使用5個以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4．續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Finally,afterstrugglingforaminuteortwo,Istillgotpulledunderwater.Paragraph2：WhenIwokeup,Iwasinanemptyroomlyingonabed.參考范文：Paragraph1：Finally,afterstrugglingforaminuteortwo,Istillgotpulledunderwater.ItoldmyselfIshouldnevergiveup.Ipulledtheweedagainwithgreateffort.The_weedfinallybroke.Takingadeepbreath,Iswambacktothesurface.Isawtwoyoungmenincanoes,_racingeachother.IwasexhaustedbutIshoutedtothemenforhelp.Thetwomensawmeandracedtowardsme.Bythetimetheyreachedme,Ihadalreadyfainted.Paragraph2：WhenIwokeup,Iwasinanemptyroomlyingonabed.ItwasnotuntiladoctorcameintotheroomthatIrealizedthatIwasinahospital.JimmyandBobbytoldmethetwoyoungmenbroughtmetothe_shoreandsentmetothehospital.Afterafewminutes,my_parentswithhalfangryandhalfworriedfaceswalkedin.MyparentsscoldedmeforslippingoutofthehousebutwerealsogladthatIwasnotseriouslyinjured.Iwillneverforgetthatterrifyingexperience.NeitherwillIeverwanttoshow_offagain.一、單元基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(限時25分鐘)Ⅰ.翻譯句子1．我們決不應(yīng)該忽視這些錯誤。(bynomeans放句首引起的倒裝)By_no_means_ought_we_to_ignore_the_mistakes.2．大多數(shù)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。(majority)The_majority_of_students_are_hard-working._3．——你的國籍是什么？——中國。(nationality)—What's_your_nationality?—Chinese.4．我們黨支部昨天吸收了一名新黨員。(takein)Our_Party_branch_took_in_a_new_member_yesterday.5．實踐表明，每天運動可以讓你減肥。(indicate)Practice_indicates_that_doing_exercises_every_day_can_make_you_lose_weight._6．我們選出詹姆斯當(dāng)主席。(elect)We_elected_James_chairman._7．我覺得我再也無法堅持下去了。(keepup)I_don't_think_I_can_keep_this_up_any_longer._8．我不知道該怎么辦，但那時突然想到了一個主意。(occurto)I_didn't_know_what_to_do,_but_then_an_idea_suddenly_occurred_to_me.9．中國人口眾多，但其中70%是農(nóng)民。(percent)The_population_of_China_is_large,_but_70_percent_of_the_population_are_farmers.10．他們靠每周70英鎊維持生活。(liveon)They_live_on_￡70/seventy_pounds_a_week._Ⅱ.完形填空TherearemorethanfourmillionAmericanIndiansandAlaskannativesintheUnitedStates.They__1__tomorethanfivehundredIndiantribes.Manytribe__2__liveonreservations.TheseareareasthattheUnitedStatesgovernment__3__upfornativetribesthathadlosttheirlandstoEuropeansettlers.ThereareaboutthreehundredIndianreservationsintheUnitedStates,someof__4__arelargerthanAmerican__5__.TheUnitedStatesInteriorDepartment'sBureauofIndianAffairssupervisestheseterritories.Tribesonreservationshavelimitedself-rule.Onthe__6__，AmericanIndiansdonot__7__thesameeconomicandeducationalsuccessasotherAmericans.A(n)__8__studybyHarvardUniversitysaysAmericanIndiansgenerally__9__lessmoneyandhave__10__unemploymentthanotherAmericans.Thestudysaystheyalsohavehigher__11__ofdiseaseanddieyoungerthanotherAmericangroups.TheBureauofIndianAffairs__12__educationservicesforalmostfiftythousandIndianchildrenin1,084__13__.ExpertsfromHarvardsaycollegeattendanceratesamongtheIndianpopulationishalfthatofthe__14__population.But,theyalsosaythesituationisimproving.Theexpertssaythe__15__ofNativeAmericanIndians__16__highereducationhasmorethandoubledinthelasttwentyyears.Harvardresearchers__17__saythattheAmericanIndianeconomyhas__18__atthreetimesthenationalratesince1980s.Someofthe__19__shouldbeowedtoexpansionoftheAmericanIndiangamblingindustry.MorethantwohundredIndiantribeshave__20__gamblinglegalontheirreservations.NativeAmericancasinos(賭場)andothergamingbusinessesearnmorethantwentybilliondollarseachyear.語篇解讀：美國有四百多萬美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人。本文從經(jīng)濟、工作、教育等方面介紹了印第安人的情況。1．A.stick B．belongC．connect D．depend解析：選B上文談到“有四百多萬美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人”，下文談到“五百多個印第安部落”。由此可看出，這些人“屬于”這些部落，因此選belong。2．A.natives B．peopleC．persons D．members解析：選D此處指居住在保留地上的部落“成員”。3．A.set B．heldC．gave D．took解析：選A由前面的areas判斷，要用setup(建立)。holdup意為“支撐”；giveup意為“放棄”；takeup意為“占用”。4．A.them B．whomC．which D．what解析：選C根據(jù)該空前面的逗號可知，此處為非限制性定語從句。由于先行詞是reservations，指物，因此選which。5．A.states B．countriesC．provinces D．neighbours解析：選A根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示有些保留地的面積比美國一些州的面積還要大。6．A.hand B．wholeC．contrary D．way解析：選Bonthewhole為固定短語，意為“總的來說”。7．A.spare B．saveC．enjoy D．like解析：選C根據(jù)下文的“l(fā)essmoney”和“unemployment”判斷，答案應(yīng)為enjoy，意為“享有”。8．A.containing B．includingC．remaining D．continuing解析：選D句意：哈佛大學(xué)一直在進行一項研究，該研究報告表明……。continuing意為“持續(xù)的”。9．A.borrow B．lendC．earn D．pay解析：選C根據(jù)上文提到的“印第安人沒有同其他美國人一樣享有經(jīng)濟和教育上的成功”推斷，印第安人賺的錢要少。10．A.much B．moreC．many D．enough解析：選B根據(jù)下文的“than”可知，此處要用more，構(gòu)成比較級，表示印第安人的失業(yè)率較高。11．A.rates B．datesC．scores D．costs解析：選Arate意為“比率”。此處指“患病的比率”。12．A.offers B．providesC．gives D．contributes解析：選B根據(jù)下文的介詞“for”并結(jié)合語境判斷，此處要用videsth.forsb.意為“給某人提供某物”。13．A.homes B．hospitalsC．schools D．parks解析：選C由前面的“education”推斷，此處應(yīng)選schools。14．A.ordinary B．monC．special D．general解析：選Dgeneral意為“總體的”。generalpopulation意為“總?cè)丝凇薄?5．A.number B．qualityC．a(chǎn)mount D．plenty解析：選A根據(jù)下文談到的“在過去的20年里翻了一倍多”判斷，此處應(yīng)為“數(shù)目”。16．A.searching B．seekingC．a(chǎn)cknowledging D．teaching解析：選B此處為“尋求高等教育的人”。17．A.ever B．evenC．a(chǎn)lso D．still解析：選Calso意為“還；也”。第14空后的“theyalsosay”是提示。18．A.planted B．raisedC．a(chǎn)risen D．grown解析：選D上文談到“情況有了改善”，“尋求高等教育的人多了”，因此“經(jīng)濟也就增長了”。19．A.improvement B．managementC．instruction D．impression解析：選Aimprovement意為“提高，改進”。與上一段中的“theyalsosaythesituationisimproving”相呼應(yīng)。20．A.treated B．obeyedC．ruled D．made解析：選D該句為“makesth.＋adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表示“使賭博合法化”。二、閱讀理解提速練(限時25分鐘)AInthisarticle,we'lletotwothingsinventedbywomen,LiquidPaperandWindshieldWiper.BetteGrahamwasnotaverygoodtypist.StillthehighschooldropoutworkedherwaytobeetheexecutivesecretaryforthechairmanoftheboardoftheTexasBankAndTrust.Itwasinthe1950s,andtheelectrictypewriterwasjustintroduced.Secretariesoftenfoundthemselvesdifficulttocorrecterrors.Oneday,Grahamwatchedworkerspaintingaholidaydisplayonabankwindow.Shenoticedthatwhentheymademistakes,theysimplyaddedanotherlayerofpainttocoverthemup,andshethoughtshecouldapplythatideatohertypingblunders.Grahammixedupwater-basedpaintwithdye(染料)thatmatchedherpany'spaper.Thenshewasabletoquicklycorrecthererrors.Soon,theothersecretarieswereaskingfortheproduct,whichGrahamcontinuedtoproduceinherkitchen.Grahamwasfiredfromherjobforherspendingtoomuchtimedistributingherproduct,butshewasabletoimprovehermixture,renamedtheproduct“LiquidPaper”andreceivedapatentin1958.Atthedawnofthe20thcentury,MaryAndersonwenttoNewYorkCityforthefirsttime.Therewerenocabshonking,norweretherethousandsofcarsrushingintraffic.CarswerequiterarewhenAndersontookthattrip,butthewomanfromAlabamaendedupinventingsomethingthathasbeestandardonever