綜合教程Unitoutofstep第1頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whereistheengineofthe911?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformationInthebackofthecar.Theproductandtheirmanufacturingprocessareoneunit.Automation,technologyandskilledhumanlaborcombinetobuildthePorsche911.Andthefactoryrunslikeaprecisionmachine.2.What’sthesecretofsuccessofthatfactory?第2頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation第3頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Narrator:AGermanfactorybuildsoneoftheworld’smostfamouscars.The911istheiconofthesportscarindustry.It’stheshape,it’stheengineintheback,it’sthefeelitgivesyou,it’stheemotion.Thefactoryrunslikeaprecisionmachine,buildinghundredsofenginesaday.Theproductandourmanufacturingprocessareoneunit,andthat’soursecretofsuccess.Automation,technologyandskilledhumanlaborcombinetobuild16versionsofthePorsche911,includingthe911GT3.VideoScript1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation第4頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。CarculturehasbeenamajornichelifestyleinAmerica.Inthe1950s,thepost-warboomproducedagenerationofteenagerswithenoughincometobuytheirowncars.Thesecarsbecamesomuchmorethanjustmodesoftransportation.Theywerereflectionsofalifestyle.Theabilitytotuneandsoup-upmusclecarsgaveaverageJoestheopportunitytoshowofftheirpower,theirspeedandtheirstyleinawaythatpersonifiedthecarascharacter.1.2.Culturalinformation

1AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation第5頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Wedreamofcarsaswedreamoflovers.Americanshavealwayscherishedpersonalfreedomandmobility,ruggedindividualismandmasculineforce.3.Culturalinformation

2AudiovisualSupplementCulturalInformation4.5.6.LikeGrannyinJanandDean’s1964song“TheLittleOldLadyfromPasadena,”wecan’tkeepourfootofftheaccelerator.Wearecrazyaboutourcars—andalwayshavebeen.“TheAmerican,”WilliamFaulknerlamentedin1948,“reallylovesnothingbuthisautomobile.”第6頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。GlobalReading-Mainidea1TextAnalysisStructuralAnalysis“OutofStep”isanexpositionthatpresentstheabsurdityoftheAmericans’dependenceoncars.TheAmericans,beingsoaccustomedtousingcars,havealmostforgottentheexistenceoftheirlegs.Wherevertheygo,theygointheircars.Asaresult,pedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedincityplanningorrejectedbytheinhabitants.第7頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Structuralanalysis1TextAnalysisStructuralAnalysisParagraphsMainidea1-67-1314-20Thewriterintroduceshisideawithananecdote.Inthispart,theauthorpresentsthefactthattheAmericansarehabituatedtousingcarsforeverything.Inthispart,theauthorshowsthatpedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedordiscarded.第8頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。AfterlivinginEnglandfor20years,mywifeandIdecidedtomovebacktotheUnitedStates.Wewantedtoliveinatownsmallenoughthatwecouldwalktothebusinessdistrict,andsettledonHanover,N.H.,atypicalNewEnglandtown—pleasant,sedateandcompact.IthasabroadcentralgreensurroundedbythevenerablebuildingsofDartmouthCollege,anold-fashionedMainStreetandleafyresidentialneighborhoods.Itis,inshort,anagreeable,easyplacetogoaboutone’sbusinessonfoot,andyetasfarasIcantell,virtuallynoonedoes.BillBrysonOutofStepDetailedreading1DetailedReading12第9頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading2Nearlyeveryday,Iwalktothepostofficeorlibraryorbookstore,andsometimes,ifIamfeelingparticularlydebonair,IstopatRoseyJekesCaféforacappuccino.Occasionally,intheevenings,mywifeandIstrolluptotheNuggetTheatreforamovieortoMurphy’sontheGreenforabeer,Iwouldn’tdreamofgoingtoanyoftheseplacesbycar.Peoplehavegottenusedtomyeccentricbehavior,butintheearlydaysacquaintanceswouldoftenpulluptothecurbandaskifIwantedaride.“I’mgoingyourway,”theywouldinsistwhenIpolitelydeclined.“Really,it’snobother.”DetailedReading34第10頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading3“Honestly,Ienjoywalking.”“Well,ifyou’resure,”theywouldsayanddepartreluctantly,evenguiltily,asifleavingthesceneofanaccidentwithoutgivingtheirname.

IntheUnitedStateswehavebecomesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverythingthatitdoesn’toccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.Wehavereachedanagewherecollegestudentsexpecttodrivebetweenclasses,whereparentswilldrivethreeblockstopickuptheirchildrenfromafriend’shouse,wherethelettercarriertakeshisvanupanddowneverydrivewayonastreet.DetailedReading567第11頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading4Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortionstosaveourselvesfromwalking.Sometimesit’salmostludicrous.TheotherdayIwaswaitingtobringhomeoneofmychildrenfromapianolessonwhenacarstoppedoutsideapostoffice,andamanaboutmyagepoppedoutanddashedinside.Hewasinthepostofficeforaboutthreeorfourminutes,andthencameout,gotinthecaranddroveexactly16feet(Ihadnothingbettertodo,soIpaceditoff)tothegeneralstorenextdoor.DetailedReading8第12頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading5DetailedReadingAndthethingis,thismanlookedreallyfit.I’msurehejogsextravagantdistancesandplayssquashanddoesallkindsofhealthfulthings,butIamjustassurethathedrivestoeachoftheseundertakings.Anacquaintanceofourswascomplainingtheotherdayaboutthedifficultyoffindingaplacetoparkoutsidethelocalgymnasium.Shegoesthereseveraltimesaweektowalkonatreadmill.Thegymnasiumis,atmost,asix-minutewalkfromherfrontdoor.910第13頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading6DetailedReadingIaskedherwhyshedidn’twalktothegymanddosixminuteslessonthetreadmill.ShelookedatmeasifIweretragicallysimple-mindedandsaid,“ButIhaveaprogramforthetreadmill.Itrecordsmydistanceandspeedandcalorieburnrate,andIcanadjustitfordegreeofdifficulty.”

Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.111213第14頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading7DetailedReadingAccordingtoaconcernedandfaintlyhorrified1997editorialintheBostonGlobe,theUnitedStatesspentlessthanonepercentofitstransportationbudgetonfacilitiesforpedestrians.Actually,I’msurpriseditwasthatmuch.Gotoalmostanysuburbdevelopedinthelast30years,andyouwillnotfindasidewalkanywhere.Oftenyouwon’tfindasinglepedestriancrossing.IhadthisbroughthometomeonesummerwhenweweredrivingacrossMaineandstoppedforcoffeeinoneofthoseendlesszonesofshoppingmalls,motels,gasstationsandfast-foodplaces.Inoticedtherewasabookstoreacrossthestreet,soIdecidedtoskipcoffeeandheadover.1415第15頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading8DetailedReadingAlthoughthebookshopwasnomorethan70or80feetaway,Idiscoveredthattherewasnowaytocrossonfootwithoutdodgingoversixlanesofswiftlymovingtraffic.Intheend,Ihadtogetinourcaranddriveacross.Atthetime,itseemedridiculousandexasperating,butafterwardIrealizedthatIwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.1617第16頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading9DetailedReadingThefactis,wenotonlydon’twalkanywhereanymoreinthiscountry,wewon’twalkanywhere,andwoetoanyonewhotriestomakeus,asthecityofLaconia,N.H.,discovered.Intheearly1970s,Laconiaspentmillionsonacomprehensiveurbanrenewalproject,whichincludedbuildingapedestrianmalltomakeshoppingmorepleasant.Estheticallyitwasatriumph—urbanplannerscamefromallovertocooandtakephotos—butcommerciallyitwasadisaster.Forcedtowalkonewholeblockfromaparkinggarage,shoppersabandoneddowntownLaconiaforsuburbanmalls.18第17頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading10DetailedReadingIn1994Laconiadugupitsprettypavingblocks,tookawaythetubsofgeraniumsanddecorativetrees,andbroughtbackthecars.Nowpeoplecanparkrightinfrontofthestoresagain,anddowntownLaconiathrivesanew.Andifthatisn’tsad.Idon’tknowwhatis.1920第18頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Whatkindoftownisit?Detailedreading1--Quesion1Itisasmall,pleasantandagreeabletown.Theinhabitantsarefriendlyandwillingtohelp.Butalthoughthetowniscompact,fewpeoplegoaboutonfoot.DetailedReading第19頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--Quesion2Whatisconsideredtheauthor’s“eccentricbehavior”?Insteadofridingacar,theauthorwalksaroundthecity,doinghisshopping,goingtothemoviesorvisitingthecaféorbar.Topeoplewhoareusedtogoingeverywhereinacar,heisaneccentric.DetailedReading第20頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--Quesion3Whywoulddrivers“departreluctantly,evenguiltily”whentheirofferwasdeclined?Withcarsbecomingthebasicessentialsoftheirlife,peoplearesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverything.Thesceneofsomebodywalkingaroundseemedsounusualtothemthattheywouldnaturallyshowtheirconcerntohim.Whentheiroffertogivehimaridewasdeclined,theyweresorryfornotbeingabletohelphimout.DetailedReading第21頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--Quesion4Whydidtheauthorsay“Actually,I’msurpriseditwasthatmuch”?Whentheauthorfoundthatthenewlyplannedsuburbstotallyoverlookedpedestrianneeds,heassumedtherewasnobudgetforpedestrianfacilitiesatall.Sohesayshewassurprisedtolearnthatthereactuallywaslessthanonepercentofbudgetonit.Heretheauthorwriteswithatouchofirony.DetailedReading第22頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--Quesion5WhydidLaconiachangeitsdowntownpedestrianmalltoonewithparkinglots?Althoughthepedestrianmallwaswelldecorated,shopperswereunwillingtowalktothestoresfromaparkinggarage.Asaresult,itwasacommercialfailure.Thegovernmenthadtocompromisewiththepublicpreference.DetailedReading第23頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–Activity1ClassActivityGroupdiscussion:Whatdoesthetitlemean?Withtheuseofthistitle,thewriterseemstosuggestDetailedReadingpeoplenolongerwalkinAmerica;thefewpeoplewhodowalkseemtobeold-fashionedand“eccentric”.第24頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。sedate

a.calm,seriousandformalDetailedreading1–sedate

e.g.Sheisasedateoldlady;sheiscaringbutnevertalksmuch.Thefightagainstanuclearpowerstationsitehastransformedanormallysedatetownintoabattlefield.Derivation:sedately

(ad.),

sedation

(n.),

sedative

(a.,n.)v.makecalmorsleepy,esp.withadruge.g.Thepatientwasheavilysedatedandrestingquietlyinbed.DetailedReading第25頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–eccentriceccentrica.(ofpeopleorbehavior)unconventionalandslightlystrangee.g.Theoldgentleman,wholivedaloneallhislife,wassaidtohavesomeeccentrichabits.n.apersonofunconventionalandslightlystrangeviewsorbehaviore.g.Theoldgentlemanenjoyedacolorfulreputationasanengagingeccentric.DetailedReading第26頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。curb

n.(BritishEnglish:kerb)alineofraisedstonesseparatingthefootpathfromtheroadv./n.(place)acontrolorlimitonsth.undesirableDetailedreading1–curbe.g.Poornutritioncancurbachild’sdevelopmentbothphysicallyandmentally.Therewillbecurbsondrunk-drivingfromnextmonth.DetailedReading第27頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--habituatehabituatev.accustombyfrequentrepetitionorprolongedexposuree.g.Youmusthabituateyourselftoreadingaloud.Bytheendoftheschoolterm,thestudentshadbeenhabituated/accustomed/usedtorisingatfiveo’clock.DetailedReading第28頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–contortion1contortionn.atwistedpositionormovementthatlookssurprisingorstrangee.g.Thespectatorscannotbutadmirethecontortionsofthegymnasts.Derivation:contort(v.)causesth.totwistoutofitsnaturalshapeandlooksstrangeorunttractiveDetailedReading第29頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Thehumanunderstandingislikeafalsemirror,which,receivingraysirregularlydistortsanddiscolorsthenatureofthingsbyminglingitsownnaturewithit.(FrancisBacon).Detailedreading1–contortion2e.g.Comparison:distort,twist,deform,contort,warpTheseverbsmeantochangeandspoiltheformorcharacterofsth.Todistortistoalterinshape,asbytorsionorwrenching;thetermalsoappliestoverbalorpictorialmisrepresentationandtoalterationorperversionofthemeaningofsth.distort:DetailedReading第30頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Greaterosiondeformedthelandscape.Theearlierpartofhisdiscoursewasdeformedbypedanticdivisionsandsubdivisions.Detailedreading1–contortion3amouthtwistedwithpainHeaccusedmeoftwistinghiswordstomeanwhatIwantedthemto.e.g.Comparison:twist:Twistappliestodistortionofformormeaning.e.g.deform:Ifyoudeformsth.,orifitdeforms,itsusualshapechangessothatitsusefulnessorappearanceisspoiled.DetailedReading第31頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Thefloorboardshadwarpedovertheyears.e.g.Detailedreading1–contortion4afacecontortedwithrageacontortedlineofreasoninge.g.Comparison:contort:Ifyoucontortsth.,orifitcontorts,ittwistsoutofitsnormalshapeandlooksstrangeorunattractive.warp:Warpcanrefertoaturningortwistingfromaflatorstraightform.DetailedReadingItalsocanimplyinfluencingsb.inawaythathasaharmfuleffectonhowtheythinkorbehave.Prejudicewarpsthejudgment.e.g.第32頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–bringsth.hometosb.1bringsth.hometosb.makesb.realizesth.e.g.TheprofessordrovehometothemthattheymustfinishthewritingassignmentbyFriday.Comparison:drivesth.hometosb.,hit/strikehomedrivesth.hometosb.:makesb.realizesth.,esp.bysayingitoften,loudly,angrily,etc.e.g.Thenewsreporthasbroughthometousalltheplightoftheprisonersofwar.DetailedReading第33頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–bringsth.hometosb.2e.g.Youcouldseefromhisexpressionthathersarcasticcommentshadhit/strickenhome.Comparison:hit/strikehome:(ofremarks,etc.)havetheintended(oftenpainful)effectDetailedReading第34頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1--entertainentertainv.consideranidea,etc.orallowyourselftothinkthatsth.mighthappenorbetruee.g.Herefusedtoentertainourproposal.

entertainideas,doubts,etc.DetailedReading第35頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–negotiate1negotiatev.getoverorpast(anobstacle,etc.)successfully;managetotravelalongadifficultroutee.g.Theonlywaytonegotiatethepathisonfoot.FrankMarianonegotiatesthedessertterraininhisbatteredpickup.DetailedReading第36頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–negotiate2那攀登者得攀越一陡峭巖石。那馬輕易跳過(guò)了柵欄。Practice:Theclimberhadtonegotiateasteeprockface.Thehorsenegotiatedthefencewithease.DetailedReading第37頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–coocoov.

speakinasoft,gentle,andlovingway,esp.whenexpressingsurprisee.g.“Howwonderfultoseeyouagain,darling,”shecooed.Thelittlegirlisalwayscooingoverthoseparrotsofhers.DetailedReading第38頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–anewanewadv.(fml.)againoronemoretime,esp.inadifferentwaye.g.Thescientistsstartedtheexperimentanew.Thefilmtellsanewthestoryofherrisetostardom.DetailedReading第39頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–IntheUnitedStates…IntheUnitedStateswehavebecomesohabituatedtousingthecarforeverythingthatitdoesn’toccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.Paraphrase:PeopleintheUnitedStatestendtodriveforbasicallyeverypurpose,somuchsothattheyhaveforgottenthattheystillhavelegsandaboutwhattheirlegscando.DetailedReading第40頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–Iconfessit…Iconfessithadnotoccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.Paraphrase:IadmitthatIhaveneverrealizedIhadbeensostupid.DetailedReading第41頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。Detailedreading1–Iwaspossibly……Iwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.Paraphrase:…Iwaslikelytobetheonlypersonwhohadeverattemptedtocrossthatintersectiononfoot.DetailedReading第42頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-VocabularymainWordDerivationPhrasePracticeSynonym/AntonymVocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar第43頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice11)

agreev.→agreeablea.→agreementn.VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarIagreewithhisanalysisofthesituation.我同意他對(duì)情況的分析。Ifoundhimmostagreeable.我覺(jué)得他極易相處。Anagreementwiththeemployerswasfinallyworkedout.與雇主們的協(xié)議終于達(dá)成了。e.g.第44頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice2VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar2)eccentrica./n.→eccentricityn.Theclubseemedtobefullofeccentrics.這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部里好像都是怪人。Oneofhiseccentricitiesissleepingunderthebedinsteadofonit.他的怪僻之一是睡覺(jué)睡在床底下而不睡在床上。e.g.第45頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice3VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar3)acquaintv.→acquaintancen.→acquainteda.Thelawyeracquaintedhimselfwiththedetailsofhisclient’sbusinessaffairs.那位律師了解委托人生意上的詳情。Hehasawidecircleofacquaintances.他交友甚廣。AreyouacquaintedwiththeworksofShakespeare?你對(duì)莎士比亞的作品熟悉嗎?e.g.第46頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice4VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar4)ridiculev./n.→ridiculousa.Theoppositionridiculedthegovernment’sproposals,sayingtheyofferednothingnew.反對(duì)派揶揄政府的建議，把它的說(shuō)成是老調(diào)重彈。Youlookridiculousinthosetightjeans.你穿上那緊身牛仔褲樣子真可笑。e.g.第47頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice5VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar5)triumphn.→triumphanta.→triumphala.Thewinningteamreturnedhomeintriumph.獲勝的隊(duì)奏凱而歸。atriumphantcheer勝利的歡呼聲atriumphalarch凱旋門e.g.第48頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice6VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar6)deficienta.→deficiencyn.Ourknowledgeofthematterisdeficient.我們對(duì)此事了解不足。Deficiencyinvitamins/Vitamindeficiencycanleadtoillness.身體缺乏維生素就會(huì)生病。e.g.第49頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice7VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar7)woen.→woefula.→woefullyad.Shetoldhimallherwoes.她把自己的不幸遭遇都告訴他。woefulignorance可悲的無(wú)知

Thepreparationswerewoefullyinadequate.準(zhǔn)備工作未免太不夠了。e.g.第50頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Phrasepractice8VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar8)contortv.→contortionn.Herfacecontorted/wascontortedwithpain.她的臉因疼痛而走了樣。thecontortionsofayogaexpert瑜伽高手的柔軟動(dòng)作e.g.第51頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。4)Ifyouadistance,youmeasureitbywalkingfromoneendofittotheother.3)Whenheopenedthelidofthebox,aclown.ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.1VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar1)Shewantedtorefusehisproposal,butwasnotsurewhatwasthebestwayofit.goingabout_____________2)Thecountrywasaperiodofirreversiblechange.goingthrough_______________poppedout_____________paceoff_________Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationfromthetext.第52頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.3VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammargoabout:Whenyouare“goingabout”yournormalactivities,youaredoingthem.e.g.盡管戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一觸即發(fā)，人們?nèi)韵衿綍r(shí)一樣工作。Despitethethreatofwar,peoplegoabouttheirworkasusual.

第53頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.4VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammargothrough:Ifyou“gothrough”anexperienceoraperiodoftime,especiallyanunpleasantordifficultone,youexperienceit.e.g.鑒于他經(jīng)歷過(guò)的種種遭遇，他的樂(lè)天達(dá)觀令人驚嘆。He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathe’sgonethrough.第54頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.5VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarpopout:comeoutsuddenlye.g.我們一打開(kāi)兔箱，兔子就突然跑出來(lái)了。Therabbitspoppedoutassoonasweopenedthehutch.他一看到自己贏得的東西，頓時(shí)兩眼瞪得大大的。Hiseyesnearlypoppedoutofhisheadwhenhesawwhathehadwon.第55頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.6VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarpaceoff:measuresth.bytakingregularstepsacrossite.g.我步測(cè)出那座木橋長(zhǎng)約100英尺。Ipacedoffthewoodenbridgeandfounditwasabout100feetlong.第56頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。old,time-worn,antiqueConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym11.Wewantedtoliveinatownsmallenoughthatwecouldwalktothebusinessdistrict,andsettledonHanover,N.H.,atypicalNewEnglandtown—pleasant,sedateandcompact.Antonyms:bustling,exciting2.IthasabroadcentralgreensurroundedbythevenerablebuildingsofDartmouthCollege,anold-fashionedMainStreetandleafyresidentialneighborhoods.Synonyms:VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar第57頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym23.Nearlyeveryday,Iwalktothepostofficeorlibraryorbookstore,andsometimes,ifIamfeelingparticularlydebonair,IstopatRoseyJekesCaféforacappuccino.Antonyms:depressed,downhearted,low-spirited4.Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortionstosaveourselvesfromwalking.Sometimesit’salmostludicrous.Synonyms:absurd,ridiculousVocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar第58頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym35.Accordingtoaconcernedandfaintlyhorrified1997editorialintheBostonGlobe,theUnitedStatesspentlessthanonepercentofitstransportationbudgetonfacilitiesforpedestrians.Antonyms:indifferent,unconcernedVocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar6.Atthetime,itseemedridiculousandexasperating,butafterwardIrealizedthatIwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot.Synonyms:infuriating,irritating第59頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Synonym/Antonym4VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar7.Estheticallyitwasatriumph—urbanplannerscamefromallovertocooandtakephotos—butcommerciallyitwasadisaster..Antonyms:failure,defeat8.Nowpeoplecanparkrightinfrontofthestoresagain,anddowntownLaconiathrivesanew.Synonym:again第60頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-GrammarmainVocabularyGrammarTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingPastPerfectvs.PastPerfectProgressiveshall,should,will,wouldAdverbs第61頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Grammar1.1PastPerfectvs.PastPerfectProgressiveVocabularyGrammarTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingPastperfectWeusethepastperfecttotalkaboutapasteventorsituationthatoccurredbeforeaparticulartimeinthepast.PastperfectprogressiveWeusethepastperfectprogressivewhenwetalkaboutasituationoractivitythathappenedoveraperioduptoaparticularpasttime,oruntilshortlybeforeit.Beforehersixthbirthday,Janehadneverbeentothezoo.Example:第62頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Grammar1.2VocabularyGrammarTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingtheactiontakingplacebeforeacertaintimeinthepastUsesometimesinterchangeablewithpastperfectsimpleputtingemphasisonthecourseordurationofanaction第63頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。1.Foryearswe(talk)aboutbuyingnewcarpets,andlastweekendwefinallywentoutandorderedsome.2.She(work)forthesamecompanybeforesheretired.3.Hefinally(work)hiswayupfromtheshopfloortoamanagementposition.4.She(apply)forjobs,withoutsuccess,sinceleavinguniversity.ConsolidationActivities-Grammar1.3Completethesentenceswiththepastperfectorpastperfectprogressiveoftheverbsinbrackets.VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammarhadbeentalking__________________hadbeenworking___________________hadworked_____________hadbeenapplying____________________第64頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。ConsolidationActivities-Grammar1.4VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedSkillsOralActivitiesWritingGrammar5.Whentheoldladyreturnedtoherflat,shesawatoncethatburglars(break)induringherabsence,becausethefrontdoorwasopenandeverythingintheflatwasupsidedown.6.Curiouslyenough,whenImovedmyfoot,IfoundthatI(stand)ona50ppiece.7.Awomancameinwithababy,whoshesaid(swallow)asafetypin.8.Itwasthefirsttimehe(be)abroad.hadbroken____________hadbeenstanding____________________hadswallowed________________hadbeen__________第65頁(yè)，共163頁(yè)。andtheauxiliarywillshouldbeusedinthesecondpersonandthirdperson(you,he/she/it,they).

shall,should,will,wouldshall—will

Shallandwillarebothmodalverbsprimarilyusedtoexpressthefuturetense.IninformalEnglish,theSimpleFutureisusuallyconjugatedentirelywiththeauxiliarywill,particularlyinAmericanEnglish.InmoreformalEnglish,thereisarulewhichstatesthat,theauxiliaryshall