DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit4NaturalDisastersRestrictiverelativeclauseLearningAbility:Learntouseattributiveclausetodescribesomepeopleandthingsfreely;ThinkingQuality:Beabletoanalyzethecontextandchoosesuitablerelativepronounandrelativeadverb;LearningObjectives

這個男人是杰克船長。

這個男人正在奔跑。

這個正在奔跑的男人是杰克船長。ThemanisCaptainJack.Themanisrunning.ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.先行詞關(guān)系代詞Lead-in1.在主從復(fù)合句中，對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2.關(guān)系詞分為：

（1）關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)

（2）關(guān)系副詞(when，where，why等)3.定語從句一般位于先行詞后。4.先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句Studytherules什么是定語從句？關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋镏髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose

關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語時不能省略，做賓語時可以省略TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundtheworld.Mr.Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_____wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything____theycouldfind.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or“/”.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.P52.Ex.21)Herearesomeofthepeople______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.whosewhothat這里一些人的房子被臺風(fēng)摧毀了。劇烈震動的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都驚醒了。第二天，人們在戶外用他們能找到的任何東西搭起了庇護所。5)Theinjuredboy________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings____hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.that幾天后，大部分被颶風(fēng)毀壞的建筑物都修復(fù)了。whose那個受傷男孩的母親在災(zāi)難中喪生，他被送去了醫(yī)院。6)Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____shewasrescued.whom這名婦女給救助她的士兵寫了一封感謝信。7)Isthistheyoungboy_____savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?who這就是把幾個困在建筑物下面的學(xué)生解救出來的男孩吧？關(guān)系代詞只用who的情況1)

當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞時，如one,ones,anyone,noone，

nobody,anybody,none,all等時。

eg.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhoisgoodatsinging?2)當(dāng)先行詞是

he,they，persons，people，those等時。

eg.Personswhosupportmyplanputupyourhands.

ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.

HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3)先行詞表人，在非限制性定語從句中。

eg.Iwanthim,whoknowssomeEnglishandFrench.4）在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時。

eg.Thereisayoungladywhoissingasong.1)當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，much，none，everything，anything，nothing等代詞時。2）當(dāng)先行詞前面有theonly，thevery，thelast等修飾時。3）當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時。4）當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，all，any，no等修飾時。5）當(dāng)主句是以疑問詞who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。6）先行詞既有人又有物時。關(guān)系代詞只用that的情況區(qū)分：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系的密切程度，定語從句可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，二者在用法和形式上的區(qū)別如下：

區(qū)分點限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句限制程度對先行詞起修飾限定作用，不可或缺，去掉后對主句意思有影響對先行詞或主句起補充說明作用，去掉后主句意思仍然完整句子結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞與從句之間沒有逗號先行詞與從句之間有逗號分開翻譯方式多譯成前置定語多譯成并列句關(guān)系詞的省略作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略任何關(guān)系詞均不可省略，且不可用that先行詞的不同先行詞不可以是整個主句先行詞可以是整個主句Practice:課本P56.

Thepeople_________liveinWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May2008.

The

8.0-magnitudeearthquake_________killedover80,000peopleandleftmanymoreinjuredturnedmanytownsandcountiesintoruins.Therescuework___________followedwascarriedoutbypeoplefromalloverthecountry,andevenabroad.

Now,morethan10yearson,thepeople___________sufferedtheearthquakearelivinganewlife.Manyliveinnewtowns_________areearthquake-safe,inlocalcommunities_________havebeenbeautifullyrebuiltbythegovernment.Thepeoplewillneverforget

those

_________rescuedthemandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoung

adults________werestudentsduringtheearthquakehavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.Wenchuan,thecounty___________wascompletelydestroyedandthencompletelyrebuilt,hasbecomea

symboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.whowhich/thatwhowhowhich/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1313關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的成分when時間時間狀語where地點地點狀語whyreason原因狀語關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.whenIwillneverforgetthosedays___________wehadgreatfun.when先行詞是表時間的名詞（time,day,week,month,year,etc.）且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作時間狀語；2.whereThisisourschool_________westudyandmakefriends..where先行詞是表地點的名詞(place,room,home,street,town,city,country,etc.)且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作地點狀語；eg.Iwastrappedinanawkwardatmosphere(一個尷尬的氣氛)___________myshortswasbroken.

注意：當(dāng)先行詞為抽象地點時where抽象地點有：situation（處境）、case（情況）、stage（階段）、atmosphere（氣氛）、occasion（場合）等3.why③Ican'tbelievethereason____________hewaslate.why先行詞是reason；（只能是reason）且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作原因狀語；1.Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.4.ThesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Practice課本P64WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry______Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.ltwasexerciseforthebrain;wheren.舌頭;語言vi.&n.斗爭;搏斗課本P64themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday_______IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace______Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage,andIcouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview,IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal_________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings,notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason_______mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks,Mum!whenwhich/thatwherewhy觀點;看法定語從句解題四步驟1.

找出先行詞2.把先行詞代入從句中3.

分析先行詞在定語從句中的成分（做主語、賓語、定語或狀語？）4.選擇合適的關(guān)系詞替換進去。一找

二代

三分析

四選擇缺句子主要成分,用關(guān)系代詞；不缺成分，作狀語用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分1.Thereason________

IamunhappyisthatImissmyhometown