2025年統(tǒng)計學(xué)專業(yè)期末考試題庫：抽樣調(diào)查方法在公共衛(wèi)生研究中的應(yīng)用試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：從每題的四個選項中，選擇一個最符合題意的答案。1.下列哪種抽樣方法適用于總體分布均勻且易于觀察的情況？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統(tǒng)抽樣D.整群抽樣2.在公共衛(wèi)生研究中，以下哪種抽樣方法可以有效地減少抽樣誤差？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統(tǒng)抽樣D.整群抽樣3.以下哪種抽樣方法適用于總體分布不均勻且難以觀察的情況？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統(tǒng)抽樣D.整群抽樣4.在進(jìn)行抽樣調(diào)查時，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.抽樣樣本數(shù)量過少B.抽樣樣本數(shù)量過多C.抽樣樣本分布均勻D.抽樣樣本分布不均勻5.在分層抽樣中，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.層內(nèi)方差較大B.層內(nèi)方差較小C.層間方差較大D.層間方差較小6.在系統(tǒng)抽樣中，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.系統(tǒng)抽樣間隔過小B.系統(tǒng)抽樣間隔過大C.系統(tǒng)抽樣間隔均勻D.系統(tǒng)抽樣間隔不均勻7.在整群抽樣中，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.群內(nèi)方差較大B.群內(nèi)方差較小C.群間方差較大D.群間方差較小8.在公共衛(wèi)生研究中，以下哪種抽樣方法適用于總體分布不均勻且難以觀察的情況？A.簡單隨機抽樣B.分層抽樣C.系統(tǒng)抽樣D.整群抽樣9.在進(jìn)行抽樣調(diào)查時，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.抽樣樣本數(shù)量過少B.抽樣樣本數(shù)量過多C.抽樣樣本分布均勻D.抽樣樣本分布不均勻10.在分層抽樣中，以下哪種情況會導(dǎo)致抽樣誤差？A.層內(nèi)方差較大B.層內(nèi)方差較小C.層間方差較大D.層間方差較小二、填空題要求：根據(jù)題意，在橫線上填寫正確的答案。1.抽樣調(diào)查是一種從總體中隨機抽取部分樣本進(jìn)行調(diào)查的方法，目的是通過對樣本數(shù)據(jù)的分析，推斷出總體的性質(zhì)。2.在公共衛(wèi)生研究中，抽樣調(diào)查方法可以用于調(diào)查疾病發(fā)病率、死亡率、健康狀況等指標(biāo)。3.簡單隨機抽樣是一種最基本的抽樣方法，它要求每個個體被抽中的概率相等。4.分層抽樣是將總體劃分為若干個互不重疊的子總體，然后從每個子總體中隨機抽取樣本。5.系統(tǒng)抽樣是將總體按某種順序排列，然后每隔一定間隔抽取樣本。6.整群抽樣是將總體劃分為若干個互不重疊的群，然后隨機抽取若干個群作為樣本。7.抽樣誤差是指樣本統(tǒng)計量與總體參數(shù)之間的差異。8.在公共衛(wèi)生研究中，抽樣調(diào)查方法可以用于評估公共衛(wèi)生政策的實施效果。9.抽樣調(diào)查方法可以提高公共衛(wèi)生研究的效率，降低研究成本。10.在進(jìn)行抽樣調(diào)查時，應(yīng)盡量減少抽樣誤差，提高調(diào)查結(jié)果的可靠性。四、計算題要求：根據(jù)所給數(shù)據(jù)，計算樣本均值、樣本方差和樣本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差。1.某地調(diào)查了100名居民的健康狀況，其身高（單位：cm）如下：170,175,168,180,172,165,174,169,177,166,171,173,179,168,176,170,165,174,175,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,169,172,175,168,173,171,169,176,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,176,167,178,175,168,173,171,169,172,178,166,174,170,176,167,171,175,169,176,168,173,170,177,167,174,168,169,172,174,170,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