高三一輪檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWomenPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldAliStrokerAliStrokertookthetheaterworldand,indeed,theveryInternetbystormwhen,onJune9,2019,shebecamethefirstperformerinawheelchairtotakehomeaTonyAward.AfterbeingthefirstactorinawheelchairinBroadwayhistoryin2015,shewontheawardforherpowerhouseperformanceintherevivalofOklahoma!SusanB.AnthonySusanB.Anthonyparticipatedinherfirstwomen’srightsconferencein1852.Overthenext54years,shepublishedTheRevolution;gavespeeches;calledthefirstWomanSuffrageConventioninWashington,D.C.(1869);andwasarrestedforvoting(1872).Shewasalsoavocaladvocateforabolishingslaveryandimprovingworkers’rights,highereducationforwomen,andtrainingstandardizationandregistrationfornurses.AnnaBissellIn1889AnnaBissellbecametheCEOofthepany,makingherthefirstfemaleCEOinAmerica.ShetraveledaroundthecountrysellingsweepersandmakingdealswithmajorretailerstocarrytheBissellbrand.Eventually,shetookthebrandinternational.Shewasalsooneofthefirstpanyheadstogiveworkerspensionplans.MalalaYousafzaiWhenterroristsbeganseizingpowerinherhometownandattackinggirls’schools,Yousafzaigaveaspeechdefendingherandallwomen’srighttoaneducation.Shecontinuedtospeakoutevenafterhercoverwasblownandtheterroristsissuedadeaththreat.In2012,amaskedgunmanboardedthebusandshotherinthehead.Shesurvived.In2014,shebecametheyoungestpersontowintheNobelPeacePrize.1.WhatisAliStrokernotedfor?A.Hereffortstowinaprize. B.HerBroadwaybackground.C.Herspecialartperformance. D.Herwheelchairtoperformin.2.WhichwordcanbestdescribeAnnaBissell?A.Doubtful. B.Devoted. C.Stubborn. D.Outgoing.3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontotheeducationforwomen?A.AliStrokerandAnnaBissell.B.AliStrokerandMalalaYousafzai.C.SusanB.AnthonyandAnnaBissell.D.SusanB.AnthonyandMalalaYousafzai.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，簡(jiǎn)要介紹了四位對(duì)世界作出貢獻(xiàn)的女性先驅(qū)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AliStroker中關(guān)鍵句“shebecamethefirstperformerinawheelchairtotakehomeaTonyAward.”（她成為第一個(gè)坐輪椅拿著托尼獎(jiǎng)回家的演員。）及“AfterbeingthefirstactorinawheelchairinBroadwayhistoryin2015,shewontheawardforherpowerhouseperformanceintherevivalofOklahoma!”（在2015年成為百老匯歷史上第一個(gè)坐輪椅的演員后，她因在《俄克拉荷馬的復(fù)興中》出色的表演而獲獎(jiǎng)。）可知，AliStroker以其特別藝術(shù)表演而聞名。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章AnnaBissell中關(guān)鍵句“ShetraveledaroundthecountrysellingsweepersandmakingdealswithmajorretailerstocarrytheBissellbrand.Eventually,shetookthebrandinternational.”（她在全國(guó)各地銷售掃地機(jī)，并與主要零售商達(dá)成協(xié)議，推廣比塞爾品牌。最終，她把這個(gè)品牌推向了國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。）可知，AnnaBissell是一位有奉獻(xiàn)精神的女性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章SusanB.Anthony中關(guān)鍵句“Shewasalsoavocaladvocateforabolishingslaveryandimprovingworkers’rights,highereducationforwomen,andtrainingstandardizationandregistrationfornurses.”（她還積極倡導(dǎo)廢除奴隸制、改善工人權(quán)利，促進(jìn)婦女接受高等教育，提升護(hù)士標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化培訓(xùn)和注冊(cè)。）及MalalaYousafzai中關(guān)鍵句“Whenterroristsbeganseizingpowerinherhometownandattackinggirls’schools,Yousafzaigaveaspeechdefendingherandallwomen’srighttoaneducation.Shecontinuedtospeakoutevenafterhercoverwasblownandtheterroristsissuedadeaththreat.”（當(dāng)恐怖分子開(kāi)始在她的家鄉(xiāng)奪取政權(quán)并襲擊女子學(xué)校時(shí)，Yousafzai發(fā)表演講，捍衛(wèi)她和所有女性受教育的權(quán)利。即使在她的身份被揭露，恐怖分子發(fā)出死亡威脅后，她仍繼續(xù)直言不諱。）可知，SusanB.Anthony和MalalaYousafzai兩位女性對(duì)于女性教育做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。BImaginethatonedayyouliveinahighlyimmersive(身臨其境)virtualworld.Youcangotoavirtualconcert,takeatriponline,vieworcreateartworksandtryonorbuydigitalclothing.AmidapandemiclikeCOVID19,insteadofseeingteachersandclassmatesonavideocallscreen,youcouldjointheminavirtualclassroom.Thismayhelpyouunderstandtheconcept,metaverse.Thetermmetaversereferstoasharedvirtual3DworldinwhichpeoplecanaccessviatheInternet.Currently,mostvirtualspaceslookmoreliketheinsideofavideogamethanreallife.However,metaverse’smadethedigitalspacesmorerealisticbytheuseofvirtualreality(VR)oraugmentedreality(AR,增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)).MetaversewasfirstusedinNealStephenson’snovelSnowCrashin1992.ThenovelisaboutHiro,apizzadeliverymanbydayandaVRsuperherobynightwholivesinanonlineuniversecalledTheMetaverse.“Heisinaputergenerateduniversethathisputerisdrawingontohisglassesandpullingintohisearphones,”thenovelsaysofthecitythateveryonepopsintoinVR.Theidearingsinmanyotherworks,forexample,inReadyPlayerOnedirectedbyStevenSpielberg.Inrecentyears,metaversehasbeethelatestpopularwordtocapturethetechindustry’simaginationsomuchthatoneofthebestknownInternetplatformsisrenamedtoembracethefuturisticideaFacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergrecentlyannouncedthathechangedhispany’snametoMeta.Techpaniesarealsodedicatedtoexploringmetaverserelatedproducts.Facebookhaslaunchedmeetingsoftwareforpanies,calledHorizonWorkrooms,tousewithVRheadsets.Theheadsetscost$300ormore,puttingthemetaverse’smostcuttingedge(尖端的)experiencesoutofreachformany.Foruserswhocanaffordit,theycanenterthevirtualworldscreatedbydifferentpanies.FansofmetaverseseeitasthenextstageinthedevelopmentoftheInternet.Sodoyouexpecttheingofmetaverse?4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmetaverse?A.Itisavideogamelikereallife.B.Itisaparalleluniverseimaginedbyscientists.C.Itgivesusareallifeinavirtualworld.D.Itcanprotectyourselffromapandemic.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.ThefictionSnowCrash. B.Theoriginofmetaverse.C.AVRsuperhero. D.ThefilmReadyPlayerOne.6.WhydidFacebookCEOuseMetaashispany’sname?A.Metaversehasbeemorepopular. B.Helivesinavirtualworldeveryday.C.FacebookisthebestknownInternetplatform. D.Hehasacceptedtheideaofmetaverse.7.WhatcanweknowfromthetextaboutVRheadsets?A.Theyareverycheapformostofus.B.Theiruserscanexperienceavirtualworld.C.HorizonWorkroomdon’tneedthematall.D.TheywillbringusintothefinalstageoftheInternet.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了什么是虛擬空間（metaverse）、其產(chǎn)生的由來(lái)及運(yùn)用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Imaginethatonedayyouliveinahighlyimmersive(身臨其境)virtualworld.Youcangotoavirtualconcert,takeatriponline,vieworcreateartworksandtryonorbuydigitalclothing.AmidapandemiclikeCOVID19,insteadofseeingteachersandclassmatesonavideocallscreen,youcouldjointheminavirtualclassroom.Thismayhelpyouunderstandtheconcept,metaverse.(想象一下，有一天你生活在一個(gè)高度沉浸式的虛擬世界里。你可以去聽(tīng)一場(chǎng)虛擬音樂(lè)會(huì)，在網(wǎng)上旅行，觀看或創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品，試穿或購(gòu)買數(shù)字服裝。在像COVID19這樣的大流行中，你可以在虛擬教室中與他們一起，而不是在視頻通話屏幕上看到老師和同學(xué)。這可能會(huì)幫助你理解“虛擬空間”這個(gè)概念)”可推知，虛擬空間(metaverse)可以讓我們?cè)谔摂M世界中看到真實(shí)的生活。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“MetaversewasfirstusedinNealStephenson’snovelSnowCrashin1992.(虛擬空間在1992年NealStephenson的小說(shuō)《雪災(zāi)》中首次使用)”及本段內(nèi)容可知，第三段描述了虛擬空間的起源。故選B項(xiàng)。6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Inrecentyears,metaversehasbeethelatestpopularwordtocapturethetechindustry’simaginationsomuchthatoneofthebestknownInternetplatformsisrenamedtoembracethefuturisticideaFacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergrecentlyannouncedthathechangedhispany’snametoMeta.(近年來(lái)，虛擬空間已經(jīng)成為吸引科技行業(yè)想象力的最新流行詞匯，以至于最知名的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)之一被重新命名——Facebook首席執(zhí)行官馬克·扎克伯格最近宣布，他將公司的名字改為Meta——以接受未來(lái)主義的想法)”可知，F(xiàn)acebook首席執(zhí)行官使用Meta作為其公司名字是因?yàn)樘摂M空間變得很受歡迎。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Theheadsetscost$300ormore,puttingthemetaverse’smostcuttingedgeexperiencesoutofreachformany.Foruserswhocanaffordit,theycanenterthevirtualworldscreatedbydifferentpanies.(這款耳機(jī)的價(jià)格為300美元或更多，讓很多人無(wú)法獲得超時(shí)空最先進(jìn)的體驗(yàn)。對(duì)于有錢的用戶來(lái)說(shuō)，他們可以進(jìn)入由不同公司創(chuàng)建的虛擬世界)”可知，VR耳機(jī)用戶可以體驗(yàn)虛擬世界。故選B項(xiàng)。CTheliteraryworldhasanewstar.NovelistAbdulrazakGurnahisthisyear’swinneroftheNobelPrizeinliteratureinrecognitionofhis“passionatepenetration(揭示)oftheeffectsofcolonialism(殖民主義)andthefateoftherefugee(難民)”.GurnahgrewupinZanzibar,anislandoffthecoastofTanzania.In1964,GurnahwasforcedtoleaveforEnglandasarefugee,wherehebegantoreflectonhisexperiencesinadiaryandthenthroughstories.Throughtheyears,hewrote10novelsandstoriesthatexplorethesufferingcausedbywarandcolonialism.“Thethingthatmotivatedthewholeexperienceofwritingformewasthisideaoflosingyourplaceintheworld,”GurnahtoldTheNewYorkTimes.His1994novelParadise,whichtellsthestoryofaboygrowingupinearly20thcenturyTanzania,markedhisbreakthroughasanovelistandwontheBookerPrize.Afterlives,hismostrecentwork,continuesthenarrativeofParadiseandtakesplaceduringtheperiodofGermancolonialisminTanzania.Beforeheretired,Gurnah,73,wasaprofessorofEnglishandPostcolonialLiteraturesattheUniversityofKentinEngland.AlthoughGurnah’sfirstlanguageisSwahili,headoptedEnglishashisliterarylanguage.HiswritingoftencontainstracesofArabic,SwahiliandGerman,aswell.AndersOlsson,thechairoftheNobelmittee,saidthatGurnah“iswidelyrecognizedasoneoftheworld’smorepreeminentpostcolonialwriters”.EthiopianAmericannovelistMaazaMengistedescribedGunah’swritingsasbeing“l(fā)ikeagentleblade(刀刃)slowlymovingin”.“HehaswrittenworkthatisabsolutelyunfearingandyetatthesametimepletelypassionateandfullofheartforpeopleofEastAfrica,”Mengistesaid.“Heiswritingstoriesthatareoftenquietstoriesofpeoplewhoaren’theard,butthere’saninsistencetherethatwelisten.”8.WhatareGurnah’sworksmainlyabout?A.ThelifeofthepeopleinTanzania. B.Effectsofwarandcolonialism.C.Experiencesoflivingabroad. D.Growthinanunderdevelopednation.9WhatcanweknowaboutGurnah?A.Hewasinspiredtowritebyhisrefugeeexperience.B.Heusedtobeaprofessoroflawandliterature.C.HepublisheshisworksinArabicandSwahili.D.HewasnotwellknownuntilhewontheNobelPrize.10.WhatdoesMaazaMengistethinkofGurnah’swriting?A.Itiselegantlywritteninhisnativelanguage.B.Itiswidelyweledbypeoplearoundtheworld.C.Itispowerfulandemployssharplanguage.D.Itcallsforattentiontothelifeoftheunderclass.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preeminent”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Awful. B.Potential. C.Outstanding. D.Particular.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，敘述了今年的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者小說(shuō)家AbdulrazakGurnah的作品內(nèi)容，寫(xiě)作背景及別人對(duì)她的作品評(píng)價(jià)等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NovelistAbdulrazakGurnahisthisyear’swinneroftheNobelPrizeinliteratureinrecognitionofhis“passionatepenetrationoftheeffectsofcolonialismandthefateoftherefugee”.”（小說(shuō)家AbdulrazakGurnah獲得今年的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，以表彰他“對(duì)殖民主義影響和難民命運(yùn)富有同情心的洞察”。）可知，Gurnah的作品主要與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和殖民主義的影響有關(guān)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“In1964,GurnahwasforcedtoleaveforEnglandasarefugee,wherehebegantoreflectonhisexperiencesinadiaryandthenthroughstories.”（1964年，Gurnah被迫以難民的身份前往英國(guó)，在那里，他開(kāi)始通過(guò)日記和故事來(lái)反思自己的經(jīng)歷。）及“Thethingthatmotivatedthewholeexperienceofwritingformewasthisideaoflosingyourplaceintheworld”（對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，整個(gè)寫(xiě)作經(jīng)歷的動(dòng)力就是失去自己在這個(gè)世界上的地方）可推知，Gurnah的難民經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了他寫(xiě)作的靈感。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“HehaswrittenworkthatisabsolutelyunfearingandyetatthesametimepletelypassionateandfullofheartforpeopleofEastAfrica”（他的作品絕對(duì)無(wú)所畏懼，但同時(shí)又對(duì)東非人民充滿同情和愛(ài)心）可知，MaazaMengiste認(rèn)為Gurnah的作品呼吁人們關(guān)注下層社會(huì)的生活。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NovelistAbdulrazakGurnahisthisyear’swinneroftheNobelPrizeinliteratureinrecognitionofhis“passionatepenetrationoftheeffectsofcolonialismandthefateoftherefugee”.”（小說(shuō)家AbdulrazakGurnah獲得今年的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，以表彰他“對(duì)殖民主義影響和難民命運(yùn)富有同情心的洞察”。）第五段“Gurnah“iswidelyrecognized”（Gurnah被廣泛認(rèn)可）可知，Gurnah是優(yōu)秀的作家，獲得了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，被全世界認(rèn)可。故選C項(xiàng)。DPeoplehaveprobablyobservedthatstresslevelcanriseduetoalackoftypicalpsychologicalbreakstheygetinworkplaces.Walkingtothetearoomtomakeacupofcoffee,stoppingforachatwithoneofyourcolleaguesordiscussingyourplanwithyourleaderswillhelpyou.Allofthoseactionsareactuallygivingourbrainsanopportunitytorecharge.Theworkplacebanter(打趣)couldbewornoutwhenyou’reemployedfromhome.Thepsychologicalbreaks,however,arevitaltomaintainyourstressatthelowestlevel,soattempttocopytheseminibreaksathome.Besides,youneedaproperscheduleforyourself.Otherwise,thingsgoagainstyourwishes.Forexample,oneofmyfriendsdevotedherselftoherbusiness,ignoringherfamilyandherownhealth.Thoughshehasachievedalotinherbusiness,nowsheisinpoorhealthandhasabrokenhomeandgoodfornothingchildren.Oneofthetoughestissuesaboutworkingfromhomeissettingboundaries.Peopletendtooverworkathomebecausetheyoftenconfuseworkandhomelife.Youcanmoderatelyendworkingatafixedtimeandhavetimetogetalongwithyourfamilymembers.Ifyoubeginthedaybybearingthisinyourthoughts,it'spletelypossibleforyoutosticktoit.Athome,youcandoabitofgardeningortakeaslowrelaxingwalkwithinyouryardtohelpincreaseyourmemoryandoveredepression.Evendoingsomeartsandcrafts,readinganebookorbakingacakemayalsohelp.Anyway,youneedtotakeyourselfawayfromtheputerscreenforasuperbcoupleofhourseveryday.Asthesayingputsit,“Sharpeningyourknifewon’twasteyourtimeforcuttingyourfirewood”.Ifyouhavegoodpsychologicalbreakswhileworkingfromhome,yourworkingefficiencywillbeimproved.Besides,you’llmanageandlessenyourstressandcreateagoodfamilyrelationship.12.Whatcannotreducepeople’sstressaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Makingacupofcoffeeortea. B.Rechargingyourbrainwithnewideas.C.Discussingyourplanwithyourleaders. D.Chattingwithoneofyourcolleagues.13.Whydopeopletendtooverworkathome?A.Theycannotfixtheirworkingtime. B.Theworkingefficiencyisimproved.C.Theywanttodevotethemselvestotheirbusiness. D.Itishardtobalanceworkandhomelife.14.Howcanyoutakeyourselfawayfromtheputerscreenathome?A.Bakingacakeforyourfamily. B.Takingalongwalkinyourgarden.C.Goingtothelibrarytoreadabook. D.Doingalotofgardeningandhandcrafts.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Waystoimproveworkingefficiency. B.Waystoreducestressinworkplaces.C.Waystolessenstresswhenworkingathome. D.Waystocreateagoodfamilyrelationship.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了在家工作時(shí)減輕壓力的方法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Walkingtothetearoomtomakeacupofcoffee,stoppingforachatwithoneofyourcolleaguesordiscussingyourplanwithyourleaderswillhelpyou.”（走到茶室去泡杯咖啡，停下來(lái)和你的同事聊天，或者和你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)討論你的計(jì)劃，這些都會(huì)對(duì)你有幫助。）可知，用新想法給大腦充電不能減少人們的工作壓力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Peopletendtooverworkathomebecausetheyoftenconfuseworkandhomelife.”（人們傾向于在家里過(guò)度工作，因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)?；煜ぷ骱图彝ド?。）可知，人們?cè)诩抑羞^(guò)度工作是由于在家中很難平衡工作和家庭生活。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Athome,youcandoabitofgardeningortakeaslowrelaxingwalkwithinyouryardtohelpincreaseyourmemoryandoveredepression.Evendoingsomeartsandcrafts,readinganebookorbakingacakemayalsohelp.”（在家里，你可以做做園藝，或者在院子里悠閑地散步，這些都能幫助你提高記憶力，克服抑郁。甚至做一些藝術(shù)和手工藝品，閱讀電子書(shū)或烤一個(gè)蛋糕也可能有幫助。）可知，你可以通過(guò)為家人烤一個(gè)蛋糕來(lái)讓自己遠(yuǎn)離家里的電腦屏幕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段“Thepsychologicalbreaks,however,arevitaltomaintainyourstressatthelowestlevel,soattempttocopytheseminibreaksathome.”（然而，心理上的休息對(duì)于將你的壓力保持在最低水平是至關(guān)重要的，所以嘗試在家里復(fù)制這些小的休息。）及最后一段“Ifyouhavegoodpsychologicalbreakswhileworkingfromhome,yourworkingefficiencywillbeimproved.Besides,you’llmanageandlessenyourstressandcreateagoodfamilyrelationship.”（在家工作的時(shí)候，如果你有良好的心理休息，你的工作效率將會(huì)提高。此外，你會(huì)管理和減輕你的壓力，并創(chuàng)造一個(gè)良好的家庭關(guān)系。）可知，本文介紹了在家工作時(shí)減輕壓力的方法。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyou’regivingaspeechtoanaudience,thereisn’taonestopshopapproachthatwilladdresseveryindividual.____16____Youneedtoconsidercarefullythecontentattheplanningstageofyourspeech.____17____Largeraudiencesoftenhavelittleornoaudienceparticipation,soyouneedtoensurethatyourspeechfillsthetimeslot(空檔)allocated.Toattaintheattentionofalargeraudience,yourtoneandbodylanguageisalsomoreimportant,andmaintainingeyecontactwithasmanyindividualsisvital.____18____Thismeansyou’llneedtoprepareenoughmaterialtofillthetimeslotifneeded,butallowforquestionsormentsthroughoutwhilestilldeliveringyourmessageinthetimeyouhave.Thesecondhurdletoovereisthatyounaturallyhavelotsofdifferenttypesofpeopleintheroom.____19____Asageneralrule,thereare4differentwayspeoplelearn:visual,auditory,readingandwritingandkinaesthetic.Includingelementsofeachlearningstylewillhelptoengagemoreofyouraudience,andassistinconnectingwithdifferentaudiences.Anotherwayyou’llneedtoadaptyourspeechiswhetheryouareaddressingotherexpertsinthesamefield,orifyouaretalkingtobeginnersoranaudiencewithlimitedknowledge.Targetingthesetwotypesofaudiencewillbeabiggerandmoredifficulttask.____20____Tryingtotargetbothexpertsandbeginnerswiththesamespeechcouldalienate(疏遠(yuǎn))bothpartiesandresultinthelossofengagementpletely.A.Theylearnandtakeininformationinmanydifferentways.B.Youaretalkingtoaparticularagegroup,genderorprofession.C.Themosteffectivewayistocreatetwoversionsofyourspeech.D.Audiences,largeorsmall,areplexandhavedifferentrequirements.E.Adaptingyourspeechbasedontheaudiencesizeisyourfirstactionpoint.F.Nomatterhowmuchyouprepare,youmayfindyouarelosingaudienceengagement.G.Forsmalleraudiencestheyhavemoreopportunitytobemoreconversationalandrelaxed.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.A20.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了發(fā)表演講沒(méi)有一勞永逸的方法，需要根據(jù)聽(tīng)眾的大小或者類型來(lái)調(diào)整演講內(nèi)容?！?6題詳解】上文“Whenyou’regivingaspeechtoanaudience,thereisn’taonestopshopapproachthatwilladdresseveryindividual.”（當(dāng)你向聽(tīng)眾發(fā)表演講時(shí)，沒(méi)有一種一站式的方法可以針對(duì)每個(gè)人。）說(shuō)明發(fā)表演講時(shí)，沒(méi)有可以一個(gè)通用的方法可以適用于每一個(gè)人，所以空處應(yīng)表示觀眾是不同的，要求也不盡相同，D項(xiàng)“聽(tīng)眾，無(wú)論大小，都很復(fù)雜，有不同的要求。”符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】下文“Largeraudiencesoftenhavelittleornoaudienceparticipation,soyouneedtoensurethatyourspeechfillsthetimeslot(空檔)allocated.”（較大的聽(tīng)眾通常很少或根本沒(méi)有聽(tīng)眾參與，因此您需要確保您的演講占滿時(shí)間段分配。）說(shuō)明，聽(tīng)眾較大的時(shí)候，聽(tīng)眾參與少，應(yīng)該調(diào)整演講占滿時(shí)間段，E項(xiàng)中“theaudiencesize”是關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)聽(tīng)眾大小調(diào)整演講，E項(xiàng)“根據(jù)聽(tīng)眾大小調(diào)整演講是你的第一個(gè)行動(dòng)點(diǎn)?！狈项}意。故選E。【18題詳解】下文“Thismeansyou’llneedtoprepareenoughmaterialtofillthetimeslotifneeded,butallowforquestionsormentsthroughoutwhilestilldeliveringyourmessageinthetimeyouhave.”（這意味著如果需要，你需要準(zhǔn)備足夠的材料來(lái)填補(bǔ)這段時(shí)間，但是在你所擁有的時(shí)間中傳遞信息的同時(shí)，要允許問(wèn)題或評(píng)論。）說(shuō)明，你需要準(zhǔn)備材料填補(bǔ)時(shí)間，并應(yīng)對(duì)聽(tīng)眾可能的提問(wèn)或者評(píng)論，G項(xiàng)“對(duì)于較小的觀眾，他們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行更多的交談和放松?！狈项}意。故選G。19題詳解】下文“Asageneralrule,thereare4differentwayspeoplelearn”（一般來(lái)說(shuō)，有四種不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式）說(shuō)明，聽(tīng)眾會(huì)有不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式，A項(xiàng)“他們以許多不同的方式學(xué)習(xí)和吸收信息?！狈项}意。故選A?！?0題詳解】上文“Targetingthesetwotypesofaudiencewillbeabiggerandmoredifficulttask.”（針對(duì)這兩類受眾將是一項(xiàng)更大、更困難的任務(wù)。）說(shuō)明，針對(duì)初學(xué)者和專家這兩類受眾進(jìn)行演講是困難的，以及下文“Tryingtotargetbothexpertsandbeginnerswiththesamespeechcouldalienate(疏遠(yuǎn))bothpartiesandresultinthelossofengagementpletely.”（試圖用同一個(gè)演講同時(shí)針對(duì)專家和初學(xué)者可能會(huì)疏遠(yuǎn)這兩類聽(tīng)眾，導(dǎo)致完全失去參與。）說(shuō)明用同樣地語(yǔ)言對(duì)待兩種類型受眾是不可行的，所以空處應(yīng)說(shuō)明應(yīng)對(duì)這兩類受眾的方式，C項(xiàng)“最有效的方法是為你的演講創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)版本?！狈项}意。故選C。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TimaAbudhiisa55yearoldmotheroffive.Whengrowingup,sherememberswatchingherneighbors____21____atthemangroveforests(紅樹(shù)林)aroundhervillageonPateIsland,onKenya’seastcoast,tobuildhousesortosellaswood.Asthemangroves____22____,sodidthefishthatliveamongtheirrootsa____23____forthefishingvillageofKizingitini.Thethreattotheirlivelihoodsandhomes____24____Abudhiandotherwomentostartreplantingthemangroves,oftenspendingalldayatthe____25____,takingtimeawayfromcaringfortheirfamiliesand____26____theirsmallbusinesses.Protectingthemangrovesoverthepastfewdecadeshas____27____theirines,buttheyfeltitwasamatterofurgency,Abudhisaid.“Replantingthemangrovesisnot____28____.Wehavetogoearlyinthemorningtogettheseedlings(幼苗)andthenetothebeachandplantthemuntilevening,justbeforethetides____29____again.Wecouldn'tmake_____30_____timeforourbusinesses,”shesaid.Today,thewomenofKizingitininolongerhaveto_____31_____tobothmakealivingandconservethemangroves,thankstoaloanschemethathelpsthemkeepfoodonthetablesotheycan_____32_____tocontinueplanting.“Thishasledtoincreased_____33_____ofwomeninconservationandmunitydevelopment,aswellasreduced_____34_____inequality,”saidAbudhi.Mangroveforestscan_____35_____floodingandareconsideredkeytocontrollingclimatechangeandprotectingpeopleagainstwarminglinkeddisasters.21.A.cutaway B.settledown C.setout D.getup22.A.moved B.disappeared C.died D.rose23.A.contribution B.choice C.disaster D.luck24.A.encouraged B.motivated C.forbade D.persuaded25.A.neighbor B.munity C.beach D.village26.A.selling B.assessing C.closing D.running27.A.increased B.gained C.produced D.decreased28.A.difficult B.easy C.worthwhile D.suitable29.A.return B.calm C.withdraw D.remove30.A.hard B.enough C.long D.cheap31.A.struggle B.stop C.prepare D.determine32.A.attempt B.witness C.afford D.refuse33.A.unemployment B.resignation C.participation D.ignorance34.A.gender B.wealth C.ine D.age35.A.cancel B.keep C.accelerate D.slow【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.D27.D28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了一群位于肯尼亞?wèn)|海岸的佩特島上Kizingitini漁村里的婦女們重建紅樹(shù)林，保護(hù)家園的事跡?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在肯尼亞?wèn)|海岸的佩特島，她記得自己成長(zhǎng)時(shí)看到鄰居們砍伐周圍的紅樹(shù)林，用來(lái)蓋房子或作為木材出售。A.cutaway砍掉；B.settledown安定下來(lái)；C.setout開(kāi)始；D.getup起床。根據(jù)“tobuildhousesortosellaswood”可知，鄰居們砍伐紅樹(shù)林，為了蓋房子或者出售木材。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著紅樹(shù)林的消失，生活在它們根部的魚(yú)也是如此——這對(duì)Kizingitini漁村來(lái)說(shuō)是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。A.moved移動(dòng)；B.disappeared消失；C.died死亡；D.rose升起。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，鄰居們砍伐木材，紅樹(shù)林慢慢消失了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.choice選擇；C.disaster災(zāi)難；D.luck運(yùn)氣。根據(jù)“Asthemangroves____2____,sodidthefishthatliveamongtheirroots”可知，隨著紅樹(shù)林的消失，賴以生存的魚(yú)類也一樣消失了，這對(duì)村莊來(lái)說(shuō)是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：生計(jì)和家園面臨的威脅促使Abudhi和其他婦女從照顧家庭和經(jīng)營(yíng)小企業(yè)中抽出時(shí)間，開(kāi)始重新種植紅樹(shù)林，她們經(jīng)常花費(fèi)整天待在沙灘上。A.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；B.motivated成為……的動(dòng)機(jī)；C.forbade禁止；D.persuaded說(shuō)服。根據(jù)“Thethreattotheirlivelihoodsandhomes”及“tostartreplantingthemangroves”可知，生存的家園遭到威脅，促使Abudhi和其他婦女開(kāi)始重新種植紅樹(shù)林。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.neighbor鄰居；B.munity社區(qū)；C.beach沙灘；D.village村莊。根據(jù)第一段“watchingherneighbors____1____atthemangroveforestsaroundhervillage”可知，Abudhi和其他婦女待在沙灘上，重新植林，后文thenetothebeach也是提示。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.selling出售；B.assessing評(píng)價(jià)；C.closing關(guān)閉；D.running經(jīng)營(yíng)。根據(jù)“takingtimeawayfromcaringfortheirfamiliesand____6____theirsmallbusinesses”可知，婦女們種植的時(shí)間是從照顧家庭和經(jīng)營(yíng)小本生意里抽出來(lái)的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的幾十年里，保護(hù)紅樹(shù)林減少了她們的收入，但她們覺(jué)得這是一個(gè)緊迫的問(wèn)題，Abudhi說(shuō)。A.increased增加；B.gained獲得；C.produced制造；D.decreased減少。根據(jù)“buttheyfeltitwasamatterofurgency”并結(jié)合上文可知，婦女們將原本經(jīng)營(yíng)生意的時(shí)間用來(lái)種植紅樹(shù)林，收入減少了，但是她們覺(jué)得這是一個(gè)緊迫的問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：重新種植紅樹(shù)林并不容易。A.difficult困難的；B.easy容易的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.suitable合適的。根據(jù)下文“Wehavetogoearlyinthemorningtogettheseedlingsandthenetothebeachandplantthemuntilevening,justbeforethetides____9____again.”可知，重新種植紅樹(shù)林并不容易。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須一大早就去取樹(shù)苗，然后到海灘上種植，一直種到晚上，剛好在潮水回來(lái)之前。A.return返回；B.calm使平靜；C.withdraw撤銷；D.remove移除。根據(jù)“Wehavetogoearlyinthemorningtogettheseedlingsandthenetothebeachandplantthemuntilevening,justbeforethetides____9____again.”可知，她們不得不在潮汐返回之前將樹(shù)種好。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查限定詞、形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們無(wú)法為自己的生意騰出足夠的時(shí)間，”她說(shuō)。A.hard困難的；B.enough足夠的；C.long長(zhǎng)的；D.cheap便宜的。根據(jù)上文“takingtimeawayfromcaringfortheirfamiliesand____6____theirsmallbusinesses”可知，她們沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間經(jīng)營(yíng)生意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，Kizingitini的婦女們不再需要為生計(jì)和保護(hù)紅樹(shù)林而奮斗，這要?dú)w功于一項(xiàng)貸款計(jì)劃，該計(jì)劃幫助她們維持生計(jì)，從而有能力繼續(xù)種植紅樹(shù)林。A.struggle奮斗；B.stop停止；C.prepare準(zhǔn)備；D.determine決心。根據(jù)“bothmakealivingandconservethemangroves”及下文可知，由于一項(xiàng)貸款計(jì)劃幫助婦女們維持生計(jì)，她們不需要再為生計(jì)和保護(hù)紅樹(shù)林而艱難奮斗。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.attempt試圖；B.witness目擊；C.afford（有時(shí)間）做；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)“thankstoaloanscheme”可知，多虧了這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，婦女們能夠有時(shí)間繼續(xù)植林。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Abudhi說(shuō)：“這導(dǎo)致婦女更多地參與保護(hù)和社區(qū)發(fā)展，并減少了性別不平等?！盇.unemployment失業(yè)；B.resignation辭職；C.participation參加；D.ignorance無(wú)知。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，由于婦女們得到了幫助，更多的婦女參與了保護(hù)和社區(qū)發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gender性別；B.wealth財(cái)富；C.ine收入；D.age年齡。根據(jù)上一句可知，越來(lái)越多的婦女參與到活動(dòng)中來(lái)，同時(shí)減少了性別不平等現(xiàn)象。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：紅樹(shù)林可以減緩洪水，被認(rèn)為是控制氣候變化和保護(hù)人們免受與變暖有關(guān)的災(zāi)害的關(guān)鍵。A.cancel取消；B.keep保持；C.accelerate加快；D.slow減慢。根據(jù)“floodingandareconsideredkeytocontrollingclimatechangeandprotectingpeopleagainstwarminglinkeddisasters.”可知，紅樹(shù)林能夠減慢洪水的侵襲。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BingDwenDwen,themascotfortheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames,has____36____(recent)beeasmashhit.AlicensedmanufacturerinQidong____37____(increase)productionofBingDwenDwenmerchandisetoensureadequatesupplyforthemarket.TheBeijingWinterOlympicsorganizerssaidonTuesdaythataspecialChineseNewYearversionoftheBingDwenDwendollwillhitthemarketsoonand____38____(sale)ofthelicensedmerchandisewillcontinuetoatleast____39____endofJune.____40____responsetosupplyshortagesofBingDwenDwenproducts,theorganizershavecoordinatedwithmanufacturersandlicensedtoymakingfactoriestoresumeworktoboostproduction.BingDwenDwen,apandacub____41____(dress)inafullbodyiceshell,hasbeeamajorattractionoftheWinterOlympics,____42____(win)theheartsofathletes,politicians,mediaandaudiencesovertheglobewithitschubby(圓胖的)____43____(appear).Themascothasbeesopopular____44____allrelatedproducts,includingBingDwenDwenminiatures,dollsandkeychains,soldbylicensedonlineretailersandbrickandmortarshopshavealmostrunoutofstocksincetheGamesopeningceremonyonFriday.ZhaoWeidong,spokesmanoftheBeijingWinterOlympicsOrganizingmittee,____45____(say)onSundaythattheorganizershaveundertakencoordinatedeffortstoincreasesuppliesofmascotproducts.【答案】36.recently37.hasincreased38.sales39.the40.In41.dressed42.winning43.appearance44.that45.said【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)吉祥物“冰墩墩”深受歡迎，導(dǎo)致紀(jì)念品售罄，組織者努力協(xié)調(diào)，提高其生產(chǎn)的事跡?！驹斀狻?.考查副詞。句意：2022年北京冬奧會(huì)吉祥物“冰墩墩”近日走紅。分析句子可知，空處缺少副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾句子的謂語(yǔ)，recent對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞為recently。故填：recently。2.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：?jiǎn)|一家特許生產(chǎn)商增加了冰墩墩商品的生產(chǎn)，以確保市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)充足。根據(jù)前一句和本句句意可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)manufactur