2025年八年級英語期末科技閱讀理解能力檢測卷一、選擇題要求：從每小題給出的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A.Thebenefitsofusingsolarenergy.B.Thehistoryofrenewableenergysources.C.Thechallengesofclimatechange.D.Theimpactofenergyconsumptionontheenvironment.2.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisatypeofrenewableenergy?A.CoalB.NaturalgasC.WindpowerD.Nuclearpower二、完形填空要求：從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Dearfriends,Wearelivinginaworldwhereenergyconsumptionisincreasingatanalarmingrate.Thishasledtovariousenvironmentalandsocialissues.Inordertotacklethesechallenges,weneedtoexploreandutilizerenewableenergysources.1.Renewableenergyreferstoenergythatcomesfromnaturalresourcesthatareconstantlyreplenished.Thisincludeswind,2.,water,andsolarpower.Thesesourcesareconsideredtobemoresustainablethanfossilfuelslikecoalandoil.3.Oneofthemostpromisingrenewableenergysourcesiswindpower.Windturbinesconvertwindenergyintoelectricity.Thismethodisnotonlycleanbutalsocost-effective.However,therearesomechallengesassociatedwithwindpower.Forexample,4.windturbinescanbevisuallyunappealingandmayimpactlocalwildlife.5.Anotherrenewableenergysourceissolarpower.Solarpanelsconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Thismethodiswidelyusedinresidentialandcommercialbuildings.However,theefficiencyofsolarpanelsdependsonfactorslikeweatherandgeographicallocation.6.Despitetheadvantagesofrenewableenergysources,therearestillsomeobstaclestobeovercome.Oneofthemainchallengesisthehighinitialcostofsettinguprenewableenergysystems.Additionally,thereisaneedforbetterstoragesolutionstostoreexcessenergyforuseduringtimesoflowgeneration.7.Inconclusion,renewableenergyiscrucialforasustainablefuture.Byembracingandinvestinginrenewableenergysources,wecanreduceourcarbonfootprintandprotectourplanetforfuturegenerations.A.B.C.D.1.A.B.C.D.2.A.B.C.D.3.A.B.C.D.4.A.B.C.D.5.A.B.C.D.6.A.B.C.D.7.A.B.C.D.三、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下短文，然后根據文章內容回答問題。Thefollowingisanexcerptfromanarticlepublishedinasciencemagazine.Thehumanbodyisacomplexsystemofinterconnectedorgansandtissues.Oneofthemostimportantorgansistheheart,whichplaysavitalroleinmaintainingthecirculationofbloodthroughoutthebody.1.Theheartisamuscularorganlocatedinthechest,betweenthelungs.Itisaboutthesizeofaclosedfistandweighsapproximately300grams.2.Thehearthasfourchambers:twoatriaandtwoventricles.Theatriareceivebloodfromtheveins,whiletheventriclespumpbloodtothearteries.3.Theheart'spumpingactioniscontrolledbyelectricalsignalsthatoriginateinthesinoatrial(SA)node,locatedintherightatrium.Thesesignalscausetheheartmuscletocontractandrelax,allowingbloodtoflowthroughthechambersandoutoftheheart.4.Theheart'spumpingactionisessentialforthedeliveryofoxygenandnutrientstoallpartsofthebody.Italsohelpstoremovewasteproductsfromthetissues.5.Theheartcanbeatatarateofupto100timesperminute.However,thenormalrestingheartrateforadultsisbetween60and100beatsperminute.6.Certainfactorscanaffecthearthealth,suchasdiet,exercise,andgenetics.Ahealthylifestylecanhelpreducetheriskofheartdisease.7.Heartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathworldwide.Itisimportanttobeawareofthesignsandsymptomsofheartdisease,suchaschestpain,shortnessofbreath,andfatigue.8.Regularcheck-upsandmedicalscreeningscanhelpdetectheartdiseaseearly,allowingfortimelytreatmentandmanagement.Basedonthearticle,answerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatisthemainfunctionoftheheart?2.Whereistheheartlocatedinthebody?3.Howmanychambersdoesthehearthave?4.Whatistheroleofthesinoatrial(SA)nodeintheheart?5.Whatisthenormalrestingheartrateforadults?6.Whataresomefactorsthatcanaffecthearthealth?7.Whatistheleadingcauseofdeathworldwide?8.Whyisitimportanttobeawareofthesignsandsymptomsofheartdisease?四、翻譯要求：將下列句子從英語翻譯成中文。1.Renewableenergysourcesareessentialforreducingourcarbonfootprintandprotectingtheenvironment.2.Theuseofsolarpanelshasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyearsduetotheircost-effectivenessandenvironmentalbenefits.3.Advancesintechnologyhavemadeitpossibletostorerenewableenergy,whichiscrucialforasustainablefuture.4.Windturbinescanbeinstalledbothonshoreandoffshore,providingaversatilesolutionforgeneratingelectricity.5.Itisimportanttopromotetheuseofrenewableenergyinordertoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.五、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下短文，然后根據文章內容回答問題。Thefollowingisanexcerptfromanarticlepublishedinasciencemagazine.Artificialintelligence(AI)isabranchofcomputersciencethatfocusesoncreatingintelligentmachinesthatcanperformtasksthattypicallyrequirehumanintelligence.AIsystemscanrecognizepatterns,makedecisions,andlearnfromexperience.1.AItechnologyhasbeenrapidlyadvancinginrecentyears,thankstotheavailabilityoflargeamountsofdataandpowerfulcomputingresources.2.OneofthemostsignificantapplicationsofAIisinthefieldofhealthcare.AIsystemscananalyzemedicalimages,predictpatientoutcomes,andassistindiagnosingdiseases.3.Inthetransportationindustry,AIisbeingusedtodevelopautonomousvehiclesthatcannavigateroadswithouthumanintervention.4.AIhasalsofoundapplicationsinthefinancialsector,whereitisusedforfrauddetection,creditscoring,andalgorithmictrading.5.However,thedevelopmentofAIraisesethicalandsocialconcerns.Issuessuchasprivacy,jobdisplacement,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologyneedtobeaddressed.Basedonthearticle,answerthefollowingquestions:1.WhatisthemainfocusofAItechnology?2.HowhastheadvancementofAItechnologybeenfacilitated?3.WhataresomeoftheapplicationsofAIinhealthcare?4.InwhichindustryisAIbeingusedtodevelopautonomousvehicles?5.WhataresomeoftheethicalandsocialconcernsassociatedwithAIdevelopment?六、寫作要求：根據以下提示，寫一篇短文，字數在100-120詞之間。Youhaverecentlyvisitedalocalrecyclingcenterandobservedtheprocessofrecycling.Writeashortessaydescribingwhatyousawandhowrecyclingisbeneficialtotheenvironment.本次試卷答案如下：一、選擇題1.A.Thebenefitsofusingsolarenergy.解析：根據文章內容，文章主要討論了使用太陽能的好處，因此選項A是正確答案。2.C.Windpower解析：根據文章內容，風能是一種可再生能源，而煤、天然氣和核能都是化石燃料，因此選項C是正確答案。二、完形填空1.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，可再生能源包括風能、水能、太陽能等，因此選項A是正確答案。2.C.Windpower解析：根據文章內容，風能是一種可再生能源，因此選項C是正確答案。3.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，風能的挑戰(zhàn)之一是可能對當地野生動物產生影響，因此選項A是正確答案。4.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，風能的挑戰(zhàn)之一是可能對當地野生動物產生影響，因此選項A是正確答案。5.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，太陽能的效率取決于天氣和地理位置等因素，因此選項A是正確答案。6.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，可再生能源的挑戰(zhàn)之一是初始成本高，因此選項A是正確答案。7.A.B.C.D.解析：根據文章內容，可再生能源對于可持續(xù)未來至關重要，因此選項A是正確答案。三、閱讀理解1.Theheartisamuscularorganlocatedinthechest,betweenthelungs.解析：根據文章內容，心臟是一個位于胸腔、肺部之間的肌肉器官。2.Thehearthasfourchambers:twoatriaandtwoventricles.解析：根據文章內容，心臟有四個腔室：兩個心房和兩個心室。3.Theheart'spumpingactioniscontrolledbyelectricalsignalsthatoriginateinthesinoatrial(SA)node,locatedintherightatrium.解析：根據文章內容，心臟的泵送動作是由起源于右心房竇房結的電信號控制的。4.Theheart'spumpingactionisessentialforthedeliveryofoxygenandnutrientstoallpartsofthebody.解析：根據文章內容，心臟的泵送動作對于將氧氣和營養(yǎng)物質輸送到身體的各個部位至關重要。5.Theheartcanbeatatarateofupto100timesperminute.解析：根據文章內容，心臟的跳動速率可以達到每分鐘100次。6.Certainfactorscanaffecthearthealth,suchasdiet,exercise,andgenetics.解析：根據文章內容，某些因素可以影響心臟健康，如飲食、運動和遺傳。7.Heartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathworldwide.解析：根據文章內容，心臟病是全球死亡的主要原因。8.Itisimportanttobeawareofthesignsandsymptomsofheartdisease,suchaschestpain,shortnessofbreath,andfatigue.解析：根據文章內容，了解心臟病的癥狀和體征，如胸痛、氣促和疲勞，非常重要。四、翻譯1.可再生能源對于減少我們的碳足跡和保護環(huán)境至關重要。解析：根據句子結構和詞匯，將英語翻譯成中文。2.近年來，由于成本效益和環(huán)境效益，太陽能板的使用越來越受歡迎。解析：根據句子結構和詞匯，將英語翻譯成中文。3.技術的進步使得儲存可再生能源成為可能，這對于可持續(xù)未來至關重要。解析：根據句子結構和詞匯，將英語翻譯成中文。4.風力渦輪機可以安裝在陸地上和海上，為發(fā)電提供了一種靈活的解決方案。解析：根據句子結構和詞匯，將英語翻譯成中文。5.促進可再生能源的使用對于減少我們對化石燃料的依賴至關重要。解析：根據句子結構和詞匯，將英語翻譯成中文。五、閱讀理解1.AItechnologyfocusesoncreatingintelligentmachinesthatcanperformtasksthattypicallyrequirehumanintelligence.解析：根據文章內容，AI技術專注于創(chuàng)造能夠執(zhí)行通常需要人類智能的任務的智能機器。2.Theadva