八年級上冊第12課時Unit4教材知識梳理01知識回顧02課時精練目錄1.學(xué)會自己動手制作東西。2.學(xué)會如何發(fā)出指令。3.掌握should和had

better的用法。

重點詞匯

brush

n.刷子；畫筆【歸納拓展】brush的復(fù)數(shù)形式為brushes。brush也可用作動詞?！靖櫽?xùn)練】1.

I

think

your

shoes

need

（brush）.2.這些刷子一共多少錢？我想要把它們?nèi)抠I下來。How

much

are

in

total？

I

want

to

buy

all

of

them.brushing/to

be

brushedthese/the

brushes

exactly

adv.確切地，精確地【歸納拓展】exactly的形容詞形式為exact?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

C

）－

Did

he

win

the

competition？－

Yes.

He

was

lucky

and

he

had

one

minute

to

complete

the

special

task，

neither

more

nor

less.A.

especiallyB.

probablyC.

exactlyD.

hardlyC

terrible

adj.可怕的【歸納拓展】terrible的副詞形式為terribly?！靖櫽?xùn)練】It’s

been

（terrible）

hot

these

days

in

Nanjing.terribly

put

in安裝【歸納拓展】put

in意為“安裝”，

put

in

a

new

shower意為“安裝一個

新的淋浴器”。相關(guān)短語：

put

out撲滅；

put

into把……放進；

put

on穿

上；

put

up搭建，張貼，舉起；

put

off延期，拖延；

put

away放好。（

C

）（泰州）The

government

is

elevators（電梯）

in

the

old

buildings

of

some

communities

so

that

people，

especially

the

elderly，

can

go

up

and

down

easily.A.

putting

awayB.

putting

outC.

putting

inD.

putting

throughC【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】

advise

vt.

&

vi.建議，忠告，勸告【歸納拓展】相關(guān)短語：

advise

sb.

（not）

to

do

sth.建議某人（不

要）做某事。advise的名詞形式為advice，是不可數(shù)名詞。相關(guān)短語：

a

piece

of

advice一條建議；

some

advice一些建議；

ask

for

advice尋求建議；

give

advice

on

sth.給出關(guān)于某事的建議；

give

sb.

some

advice

＝

give

some

advice

to

sb.給某人一些建議。注意：

advise的同義詞為suggest。相關(guān)短語：

suggest

sth.

to

sb.向某人建議某事；

suggest

doing

sth.建議

做某事。名詞形式為suggestion，是可數(shù)名詞。相關(guān)短語：

a

suggestion一條建議；

many

suggestions很多建議?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

A

）（宿遷）－

Miss

Li，

can

you

tell

me

how

to

improve

my

writing

skills？－

Certainly.

I

advise

you

a

diary

in

English

every

day.A.

to

keepB.

keepingC.

keptD.

keepsA

instead

adv.反而，卻【歸納拓展】辨析：

instead與instead

of1.

instead為副詞，意為“反而，卻”，常用于句末或句首。置于句首

時，通常用逗號隔開。2.

instead

of為介詞短語，意為“而不是，代替”，后面常跟名詞、代詞

或動名詞。如：Mike

was

ill，

so

I

went

instead.＝

Mike

was

ill，

so

I

went

instead

of

him.邁克生病了，所以換了我去（而不是他）?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

B

）－

How

will

she

make

the

card？－

She

doesn’t

want

to

do

it

by

herself.

She

plans

to

ask

someone

else

to

do

it

.A.

yetB.

insteadC.

tooD.

eitherB

add

vt.

&

vi.增加，補充【歸納拓展】相關(guān)短語：

add

up把……加起來；

add

...to

...把……加

到……中去。【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】（

C

）If

you

these

figures，

you

will

find

a

different

answer.A.

addedB.

add

toC.

add

upD.

addingC

possible

adj.可能的【歸納拓展】possible為形容詞，作定語或表語。其副詞形式為

possibly，名詞形式為possibility，反義詞為impossible。固定句型：

It’s

possible

to

do

sth.做某事是可能的。（

B

）－

As

your

closest

friend，

I

will

try

every

way

to

help

you.－

Oh，

Tom.

It’s

really

kind

of

you

to

say

so.A.

importantB.

possibleC.

difficultD.

expensiveB【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】重點句型

It

stands

for

“do-it-yourself”.它表示“自己動手做”?！練w納拓展】stand

for意為“是……意思，代表”?！靖櫽?xùn)練】我們都知道這個符號代表什么。We

all

know

this

sign

?.whatstands

for

My

cousin

Andrew

is

crazy

about

DIY.

我的表弟安德魯對“自己動手做”著迷?！練w納拓展】be

crazy

about意為“對……著迷”?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

D

）－Are

you

crazy

foreign

films？－

No，

I’m

not.A.

onB.

inC.

ofD.

aboutD

...but

he

made

a

mistake.……但是他犯了一個錯誤。【歸納拓展】mistake作名詞時，意為“錯誤，失誤”。相關(guān)短語：

make

a

mistake/make

mistakes犯錯誤；

by

mistake錯誤地，

無意中。mistake還可用作動詞，構(gòu)成短語“mistake

...for

...”，意為

“把……誤當(dāng)成……”。（

D

）Li

Fang

and

Li

Hong

are

twins.

So

we

often

mistake

Li

Fang

Li

Hong.A.

asB.

inC.

toD.

forD【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】

Some

of

the

fruit

will

quickly

turn

brown

when

you

leave

it

in

the

air

for

some

time.當(dāng)你把它（水果）放在空氣中一段時間，一些水果會很快變成棕色。1.

leave作動詞，意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”，過去式、過去分詞均為

left。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：“l(fā)eave

sb./sth.＋

adj.”意為“使某人/物處于……

（狀態(tài)）”；

“l(fā)eave

sth.＋介詞＋地點”意為“把某物留在某處”；

leave

sb./sth.

doing

sth.使某人/物一直做某事。如：Leave

me

alone.

讓我一個人待著。I

left

the

bag

at

home.

我把包忘在家里了。Don’t

leave

the

tap

running.

不要讓水龍頭一直開著?！練w納拓展】2.

leave作動詞，還意為“離開”。相關(guān)短語：

leave

sp.離開某地；

leave

for

sp.動身去某地。如：I

hate

leaving

home.我討厭離開家。I

will

leave

for

the

airport.我將動身去機場。（

C

）I

my

keys

in

the

car

and

I

couldn’t

get

into

my

house.A.

forgotB.

usedC.

leftD.

letC【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】核心語法

祈使句【歸納拓展】1.用于表達命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等語氣，最常用于發(fā)出命

令，因此祈使句在語法中也常稱為命令句。祈使句的對象（即主語）是

第二人稱，所以通常都省略人稱。祈使句的動詞都為原形，句末使用句

號或感嘆號。如：Go

and

wash

your

hands.去洗手。（命令）Be

quiet，

please.請保持安靜。（請求）Be

kind

to

our

sisters.

對待我們的姐妹要和善。（勸告）Watch

your

steps.走路小心。（警告）Look

out！

Danger！當(dāng)心！危險！（強烈警告）Keep

off

the

grass.

請勿踐踏草坪。（禁止）祈使句有時會把主語you表達出來，使對方聽起來覺得柔和些。如：You

go

and

tell

him，

Chris.克里斯，你去告訴他。2.

（1）肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：①

Do型：“動詞原形（＋賓語）＋其他成分.”。如：Have

a

seat

here，

please.請坐這邊。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，可省略動詞。如：This

way，

please.

請走這邊。②

Be型：“Be

＋表語＋其他成分！”。如：Be

quick，

May！梅，快點?、?/p>

Let型：

“Let

＋賓語＋動詞原形＋其他成分.”。如：Let

us

see

what

is

on

the

menu

today.讓我們看看今天的菜單上有什么。（2）否定結(jié)構(gòu)：①

Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t構(gòu)成。如：Don’t

forget

me！不要忘記我！Don’t

be

late

for

school！上學(xué)不要遲到?、?/p>

Let型的否定式有兩種：

“Don’t

＋

let

＋賓語＋動詞原形＋其他成

分.”和“Let

＋賓語＋

not

＋動詞原形＋其他成分.”。如：Don’t

let

him

go./Let

him

not

go.別讓他走。③有些祈使句可用no開頭，用來表示禁止。如：No

smoking！禁止吸煙！No

fishing！禁止垂釣！【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】（

A

）1.

（武威）

trying

and

do

your

best.A.

KeepB.

KeepingC.

To

keepD.

Kept（

B

）2.

（南通市海門區(qū)模擬）Tommy，

play

basketball

in

the

street

next

time.

You

may

get

hit

by

a

car.A.

doB.

don’tC.

doesn’tD.

mustn’tAB

用should和had

better提建議【歸納拓展】向人們提建議或告訴人們應(yīng)該做某事時，常用should和

had

better。had

better的語氣比should強烈一些?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

B

）1.

（連云港）Earthquakes

can

be

very

dangerous.

We

learn

to

protect

ourselves.A.

mightB.

shouldC.

couldD.

wouldB（

A

）2.

It’s

getting

dark.

You’d

better

out

by

yourself.

It’s

too

dangerous.A.

not

goB.

not

to

goC.

to

goD.

to

goingA

一、根據(jù)句意和首字母提示寫單詞。1.

（2023·日照改編）Jack’s

bike

went

wrong

and

he

will

r

it

this

afternoon.2.

Andrew

o

tried

to

put

in

a

brighter

light，

but

he

made

a

mistake.3.

How

beautiful

the

b

look

in

the

sky！

But

they

may

cause

environmental

problems

if

they

fly

away.4.

I

have

a

finished

my

homework.

Let’s

play

basketball.epairncealloonslready一二三四5.

In

the

evening，

the

house

is

in

the

darkness.

It

always

looks

t

?.6.

Could

you

please

tell

him

to

l

the

window

open？

It’s

too

hot

today.7.

My

teacher

often

a

me

not

to

play

computer

games

a

lot.8.

A

lot

of

people

here，

for

e

，

Mr

John，

would

rather

have

coffee.9.

His

daughter

a

several

courses

last

weekend，

such

as

dancing

and

playing

table

tennis.10.

The

old

man

can

cut

out

many

different

paper

cuttings

with

s

?.erribleeavedvisesxamplettendedcissors一二三四二、從方框中選擇詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。tidy

certain

correct

possiblestand

for1.

（2023·南京市鼓樓區(qū)模擬）－

Excuse

me.

I

want

to

speak

to

Mr

Lin.－

I’m

afraid

that’s

.

He’s

gone

to

Shanghai

on

business.2.

Mr

Li

is

whether

all

his

students

will

be

able

to

pass

the

exam.3.

The

Chinese

red

the

soul（靈魂）

of

the

Chinese

nation.

It’s

Chinese

people’s

favourite

colour.impossibleuncertainstands

for一二三四4.

Eddie，

look

at

your

room.

You’d

better

keep

everything

in

order.5.

He

felt

very

sad

because

he

answered

most

of

the

questions

?.untidyincorrectly一二三四三、

根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.

你應(yīng)該嘗試別的辦法而不是放棄。You

should

?.2.

他把瓶子裝滿水后，放進了書包。He

water

and

put

it

into

the

schoolbag.3.

不僅我們而且他都非常癡迷于打羽毛球。

we

badminton.4.

修理它之前你最好閱讀說明書。You

before

fixing

it.try

other

ways

instead

of

giving

upfilled

the

bottle

with

Not

onlybut

also

he

is

crazy

about

playinghad

better

read

the

instructions一二三四5.

離開教室時，確保門窗是關(guān)著的。

when

you

leave

the

classroom.Make

sure

（that）

the

doors

and

windows

are

closed一二三四四、首字母填空。As

a

little

girl，

I

was

always

interested

in

watching

my

mum

cook

meals.

But

my

parents

thought

I

was

too

young

to

cook

by

1.m

，

so

I

didn’t

have

a

chance

to

try

2.c

.

Last

Saturday

was

my

twelfth

birthday.

My

mum

told

me

that

I

could

try

cooking

from

that

day

on.

I

was

so

excited

that

I

woke

up

3.e

than

usual

the

next

morning

and

ask