高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省衢州五校2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablycomplainingabout?A.Therearenogoodrestaurants.B.Therehasbeentoomuchrainrecently.C.Therearecountlesspeopleinmuseums.【答案】B【原文】W:Ilovethiscity.Therearecountlessmuseumsandfancyrestaurants,butIjustwishthesunwouldshinemore!M:Ithasbeentherainyseasonrecently,butyouwouldn’twanttoomuchsunshineanywaybecauseyouhatebeinghot!2.Whatdayistoday?A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Saturday.【答案】B【原文】M:Seeyoutomorrow,Jenny.W:Ihopenot.Tomorrow’sSaturday.Theweekendstartshere.M:Oh,sillyme.IthoughttomorrowwouldbeFriday.I’vebeenworkingsohardthatI’velosttrackoftime.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkshouldbeseriouslyconsidered?A.Whysomeeldersaremistreated.B.Howtoshoweldersproperrespect.C.Whichnursinghomeeldersshouldstayin.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sheartbreakingtothinkabouthowsomeelderlypeoplearemistreatedintheirlateryearswhentheyshouldbereceivingcareandrespect.W:Absolutely.It’sareminderofhowimportantitistochooseareliableandcaringfacilityforourlovedonesastheyage.4.Whatisthemanmoreinterestedin?A.Acertainsport. B.Classicalmusic. C.Oldfilms.【答案】A【原文】M:Lookatthisfootballcard!It’swell-made.W:Isthatsupposedtobegood?Idon’tknowmuchaboutfootball.I’mmoreintooldfilmsandclassicalmusic.M:Really?Isometimeslistentoclassicsongs,too.ButIhavetosaythesecardsaremoreattractivetome.5.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Thewoman’sopponents.B.Thestrategyforplayingchess.C.Theimportanceofmakingplans.【答案】B【原文】M:Doyouwaitandseewhatyouropponentdoesbeforeyoumakeyourmovesinchess?Oristheremoreskilltoit?W:Ialwayshaveaplan,butitcanchange,dependingonmyopponent’smoves.AndIalwaystrytothinktwoorthreestepsahead.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Waiterandcustomer. C.Restaurantownerandchef.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablyeat?A.Atlanticfish. B.Chickenbreast. C.Italianpotatoes.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Hi,myhusbandandIareunsurewhattoorderaseverythingonthemenulookssodelicious.Welikefish,buttheroastedchickenbreastwithvegetableslooksgreat,andsodoestheItalianpotatoeswithlemonrice!Whatwouldyousuggest?M:Madam,eitheroneofthosedishesispreparedfreshlybyourchefandisoftenrecommendedbyourregularguests.Eitherwouldbeafinechoice.However,thesaltedAtlanticfishmightbetheoneI’dgofor.Allourfishareboughtfreshfromthecity’sfishermendaily.W:You’vesoldus!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheoffice. B.Attherestaurant. C.Atthetrainstation.9.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardthewoman?A.Impatient. B.Apologetic. C.Understanding.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:Hello,andwelcometotheagency.Sincethisisyourfirstdayhere,IthoughtI’dshowyouaround.W:Thankyou,andapologiesforarrivingslightlylate.It’snotthesortoffirstimpressionIwantedtogiveyou.M:Oh,thetrainservicearoundherehasbeenawfulallyear.W:Yes,andIallowedextratimeforthedelays,buttheycanceledmytrainaswell,whichimmediatelyputmehalfanhourbehindbeforeIevenleftthestation!M:Don’tworry,you'reherenow.Throughthereisthekitchen,so,ifyoulike,wecangrabadrinkandthenI’llintroduceyoutosomeoftheclientsyou’llberepresenting.Ihavegiventhemsomebasicinformationaboutyoubeforeyouarrived.W:That’sperfect.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.WheredidthemanflytoBerlinfrom?A.LosAngeles. B.London. C.NewYork.11.WhatissaidabouttheEdinburghmarathon?A.Itisunofficial. B.Ittookplaceatnight. C.Itisheldatbusystreets.12.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Sleeplate. B.Gobackhome. C.Takeanon-stopflight.13.Whydoesthemanhaveapassionformarathons?A.Hecanwinprizes.B.Hecangetdifferentexperiences.C.Hecanlearnfromthefellowrunners.【答案】10.B11.A12.C13.B【原文】W:Hey,howareyou?Youmustbesotiredafterallthosemarathons!Whichoneareyoudoingtomorrow?IsitBerlin?M:Yes,IarrivedhereinGermanyyesterdaybeforeatwelve-hoursleep!Butthatcameafterback-to-backmarathonsintheUK.IdidtheEdinburghmarathononTuesday,thenflewthatnighttoEngland,andrantheLondonmarathononWednesday!They’renottheofficialmarathons,butImadesureIrantheexactcourseoftherealones.W:I’mnotsurprisedyou’resotired.Yourbodymustbefedupwithallthatrunning.Whenareyoucominghome?M:Well,tomorrownightI’llflydirectlytoNewYork.I’llrunthatmarathononthesecondday,andthenflyovertoLosAngelesinCalifornia.OnceI’veruntheLAmarathon,I’mcatchingthefirstplanebacktoBeijing!W:Whydoyouenjoymarathonssomuch?M:Marathonsarealwayschallengingandrewarding.Eachracehaspresenteditsownuniquechallenges,fromthehillyroutesofEdinburghtothebusystreetsofLondon.Besides,thesupportfromfellowrunnersmakesmeexcited.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.HowmuchcanahugeKomododragonweigh?A.About50kilograms. B.About70kilograms. C.About140kilograms.15.WhatdoolderKomododragonstendtoeat?A.Vegetables. B.Insects. C.Deer.16.HowdoKomododragonsmainlygettheirfood?A.Bypoisoningtheirprey.B.Bybringingdowntheirpreydirectly.C.Byusingspecialsmellstoattracttheirprey.17.Whydothespeakersprobablycometotheisland?A.Tohaveaholiday. B.Tofeedlizards.C.Tohelpendangeredanimals.【答案】14.C15.C16.A17.A【原文】M:Standperfectlystill.Comingtowardsusisanangry-lookingKomododragon(科莫多巨蜥)!W:Oh,dear!I’dliketosayI’mburstingwithexcitement…butthatthingishuge!M:Yes,Komododragonsarethelargestlizards(蜥蜴)onEarth.Althoughmostweigharound70kilograms,somecanweighdoublethat!Thisoneisprobablyaround50kilograms.W:DotheyonlylivehereontheislandofKomodo?M:Well,theyarenowonlyfoundonafewislandsinIndonesia,andKomodoisoneofthem.TherearesofewKomododragonsleft,sothespeciesisnowclassedasendangered.W:Thisonelookshungry!Pleasetellmetheyliketoeatfruitandvegetables!M:Theyeatalmostanykindofmeat.Youngfeedprimarilyonsmalllizardsandinsects.Iftheylivetobe5yearsold,theymoveontolargerprey(獵物),suchasgoatsanddeer.W:What?M:Yes,mostoftheirattemptsatbringingdownpreyareunsuccessful.However,iftheyareabletobitetheirprey,thepoisonintheirmouthwillkillthepreywithinafewdays.Aftertheanimaldies,theyusetheirpowerfulsenseofsmelltolocatethebody.W:Um,Ithinkit’stimewewentbacktothehotel!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whicheventisthespeechfor?A.Newemployees’training.B.Ananniversarycelebration.C.Thelaunchofanewcompany.19.WhatdoesthespeakerannounceaboutLucyGrey?A.She’llworkinItaly. B.She’lljointheboard.C.She’llbeinchargeofthebusiness.20.Whatisthespeakerlikelytodonextyear?A.Travelaroundtheworld. B.Learnnewthings. C.Takethingseasy.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【原文】Thankyouallforattendingthiseventtonight.Iknowsomeofyouhavetraveledgreatdistancestobehere,likePete,ourbusinessaccountantwho’sflowninfromSouthAfrica,andJin,myoldbusinesspartnerfromJapan.Ireallyappreciateit.WhenIlaunchedthecompanybackin1974,IneverdreamedthatonedayI’dbecelebratingits50thbirthday,buthereweare!Iamsoproudthatouradultlearningcentershavehelpedsomanypeoplesomuchinsomanycountriesallovertheworld.Anyway,I’mnotverygoodatspeeches,soI’lltrytokeepthisbrief...Althoughthisisindeedacelebrationofthecompany’s50thyearinbusiness,itisalsoagoodbye.LucyGrey,themostexperienceddirectorofourboard,willsoonbeyournewbossasIshallberetiringattheendoftheyear.I’mnotgettinganyyounger,andnorisBeth,who,asmanyofyouknow,hasbeenputtingupwithmeforfartoolongnow!WehaveaspeciallittleplaceinItalywhereweshallspendmanyrestfulhourseatingicecream!Enjoyyourselvestonightandthankyouforallyourhardworkdowntheyears!第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFindingtherightcollegeWhenchoosingschools,manystudentsandparentslookattheirrankings.RankingsareliststhattrytoshowwhichUSuniversitiesare“best”.Famousmagazinesandwebsitescreatetheselistseveryyear.However,auniversitywithahighrankingisn’tnecessarilytherightoneforyou.Thinkofitlikechoosingarestaurant:Themostexpensiverestaurantintownmightnotservethefoodyouenjoymost!HowUSuniversitiesaredifferentfromChineseuniversitiesInChina,studentsusuallygetintouniversitiesbasedontheirgaokaoscores.ButintheUS,universitieslookatmanydifferentthings:●Yourgrades●Youractivitiesoutsideofclass●Yourspecialtalents●Yourpersonalstory●YourinterestsandgoalsGoodstudentsandexcellentprofessorscanbefoundathundredsofUSuniversities,notjustthehighest-rankedones.Whatrankingsdon’tshowyouRankingsoftenfocusonthingsthatmightnotmattertoyou,suchas:●Howfewstudentstheyaccept(being“selective”)●Howmanystudentsgraduate●Howfamoustheuniversity’snameisButtheydon’tshowimportantthingslike:●Whethertheuniversityhasgoodsupportforinternationalstudents●Howmuchindividualattentionyouwillgetfromprofessors●Whethertheuniversityoffersthespecificprogramyouwant●IfthelocationandcampusenvironmentsuityouAsurprisingtruthaboutfamousuniversitiesHere’ssomethingmostpeopledon’tknow:Atmanyfamous,highly-rankeduniversities,undergraduatestudentsrarelygettaughtbywell-knownprofessors.Instead,manyclassesaretaughtbygraduatestudentsornewerprofessors.HowtomakeasmartchoiceInsteadofjustlookingatrankings,askyourself:●WhatdoIwanttostudy?●WhatkindofsupportwillIneedasaninternationalstudent?●Whatsizeschoolwouldmakemecomfortable?●CanIaffordthisschool?●Doesthislocationinterestme?Rememberthis!YourgoalshouldbefindingtherightuniversityforYOU,notjustpickingtheonewiththehighestranking.ManyexcellentUSuniversitiesmightnotappearinthetoprankingsbutcouldofferexactlywhatyouneedtosucceed.Moreinformation,clickCourtesyofStudyUSA.com/zh-cn21.HowUSuniversitiesaredifferentfromChineseuniversities?A.Theydon’tcareyourinterestsandgoals.B.Youractivitiesoutsideofclassisimportant.C.Theywillnotconsideryourgradesorgender.D.Itdoesn’tmatterifyoudon’ttellthemyourtalentsandpersonalstories.22.Whatinformationdoesuniversitiesrankingtellyou?A.Ifthelocationandcampusenvironmentsuityou.B.Howmanystudentsgraduatefromtheuniversityeveryyear.C.Howmuchindividualattentionyouwillgetfromprofessors.D.Whethertheuniversityhasgoodsupportforinternationalstudents.23.Wheredoesthistextcomefrom?A.Amagazine. B.Atextbook. C.Awebsite. D.Aguidebrochure.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了如何選擇適合自己的大學(xué)，并給出了相關(guān)的建議?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowUSuniversitiesaredifferentfromChineseuniversities部分中的“●Yourgrades●Youractivitiesoutsideofclass●Yourspecialtalents●Yourpersonalstory●Yourinterestsandgoals(●你的成績(jī)●你課外的活動(dòng)●你的特殊才能●你的個(gè)人故事●你的興趣和目標(biāo))”可知，美國(guó)大學(xué)與國(guó)內(nèi)大學(xué)不同，美國(guó)大學(xué)不僅看成績(jī)，還會(huì)關(guān)注你課外的活動(dòng)、特殊才能、個(gè)人故事以及興趣和目標(biāo)。故選B。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatrankingsdon’tshowyou部分中的“●Howfewstudentstheyaccept(being“selective”)●Howmanystudentsgraduate●Howfamoustheuniversity’snameis(●他們錄取的學(xué)生人數(shù)●有多少學(xué)生畢業(yè)●大學(xué)的名字有多有名)”可知，大學(xué)排名會(huì)告訴你每年有多少學(xué)生從這所大學(xué)畢業(yè)。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Moreinformation,clickCourtesyofStudyUSA.com/zh-cn(更多信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊訪問(wèn)StudyUSA.com網(wǎng)站)”可知，本文來(lái)自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選C。BThroughinterculturalcommunication,wecometocreate,understand,andtransformcultureandidentity.Interculturalcommunicationiscommunicationbetweenpeoplewithdifferentculturalidentities.Onereasonweshouldstudyinterculturalcommunicationistoenhanceself-awareness.Ourthinkingprocessregardingcultureisoften“others-focused”,meaningthatthecultureoftheotherpersonorgroupiswhatstandsoutinourview.However,theoldsaying“knowthyself”isappropriate,aswebecomemoreawareofourownculturebybetterunderstandingotherculturesandviews.Interculturalcommunicationcanallowustostepoutsideofourcomfortable,usualframeofreferenceandseeourculturethroughadifferentaspect.Additionally,aswebecomemoreself-aware,wemaybecomemoreethicalcommunicatorsaswechallengeourtendencytoviewourcultureassuperiortoothers.Aswasnotedearlier,differencesmatter,andstudyinginterculturalcommunicationcanhelpusbetternegotiateinourchangingworld.Changingeconomiesandtechnologiesintersectwithcultureinmeaningfulways.Technologyhascreatedaglobalvillagewherevastdistancesaremuchshorterduetonewtechnologythatmakestravelandcommunicationmoreaccessibleandconvenient.However,asthefollowing“GettingPluggedIn”boxindicates,thereisalsoadigitaldivide,whichreferstotheunequalaccesstotechnologyandrelatedskillsthatexistthroughoutmuchoftheworld.Peopleinmostfieldswillbemoresuccessfuliftheyarepreparedtoworkinaglobalizedworld.Obviously,theglobalmarketsetsuptheneedforinterculturalcompetenceforemployeeswhotravelbetweenlocationsofamultinationalcorporation.PerhapslessobviousmaybetheneedforteacherstoworkwithstudentswhodonotspeakEnglishastheirfirstlanguageandforpoliceofficers,lawyers,managers,andmedicalpersonneltobeabletoworkwithpeoplewhohavevariousculturalidentities.24.Whydoestheauthormentiontheoldsaying“knowthyself”inparagraph2?A.Tostresstherightattitudetowardscultures.B.Tostatetheadvantagesofourcultureoverothers.C.Toexplainwehaveagreatsenseofself-awareness.D.Toshowtheothergroup’sculturestandsoutinoureyes.25.Interculturalcommunicationmakesusviewourculture________.A.withmoreconfidence B.inmorediversewaysC.asmuchsuperiortoothercultures D.fromdifferenttimesandoccasions26.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutinterculturalcommunicationinthelastparagraph?A.Itisamustforallpeople. B.Itisessentialforlawyers.C.Peopleneeditdifferently. D.Employersregarditasabasicskill.27.Whatattitudedoestheauthorhavetowardsinterculturalcommunication?A.Doubtful B.Supportive C.Indifferent D.Ambiguous【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了跨文化交流的重要性、目的、作用以及在當(dāng)今全球化背景下的必要性?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Onereasonweshouldstudyinterculturalcommunicationistoenhanceself-awareness.Ourthinkingprocessregardingcultureisoften‘others-focused’,meaningthatthecultureoftheotherpersonorgroupiswhatstandsoutinourview.However,theoldsaying‘knowthyself’isappropriate,aswebecomemoreawareofourownculturebybetterunderstandingotherculturesandviews.(我們研究跨文化交流的一個(gè)原因是提高自我意識(shí)。我們對(duì)文化的思考過(guò)程往往是“以他人為中心”的，這意味著其他人或群體的文化在我們看來(lái)是突出的。然而，正如古語(yǔ)“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”所言，通過(guò)更好地理解其他文化和觀點(diǎn)，我們對(duì)自己的文化有了更多的了解)”可知，作者在第2段中提到古語(yǔ)“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)要正確對(duì)待文化，先了解他人文化，才能更好認(rèn)識(shí)自己的文化。故選A。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Interculturalcommunicationcanallowustostepoutsideofourcomfortable,usualframeofreferenceandseeourculturethroughadifferentaspect.(跨文化交流可以讓我們走出舒適、平常的參照系，從不同的角度看待我們的文化)”可知，跨文化交流讓我們以更多樣化的方式看待我們的文化。故選B?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Obviously,theglobalmarketsetsuptheneedforinterculturalcompetenceforemployeeswhotravelbetweenlocationsofamultinationalcorporation.PerhapslessobviousmaybetheneedforteacherstoworkwithstudentswhodonotspeakEnglishastheirfirstlanguageandforpoliceofficers,lawyers,managers,andmedicalpersonneltobeabletoworkwithpeoplewhohavevariousculturalidentities.(顯然，對(duì)于跨國(guó)公司不同地區(qū)之間的員工來(lái)說(shuō)，全球市場(chǎng)對(duì)跨文化能力提出了要求。也許不那么明顯的是，教師需要與不以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的學(xué)生合作，警察、律師、經(jīng)理和醫(yī)務(wù)人員需要能夠與具有不同文化身份的人合作)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示不同的人對(duì)跨文化交流的需求不同。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Throughinterculturalcommunication,wecometocreate,understand,andtransformcultureandidentity.(通過(guò)跨文化交流，我們開始創(chuàng)造、理解和轉(zhuǎn)變文化和身份)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了跨文化交流的重要性、目的、作用以及在當(dāng)今全球化背景下的必要性。由此可知，作者對(duì)跨文化交流持支持態(tài)度。故選B。CYouarewhatyoueat—andwhatyoueatmayberecordedinyourDNA.Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgenesplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousorunappealing.However,exactlyhowbigaroletheyplayhasbeendifficulttoidentify.“Weknowthatthereissomegeneticcontributiontoourfoodchoices.CanwetakethenextstepandactuallyfindtheexactareasintheDNA?”saysJoanneCole,anassistantprofessor.NewresearchledbyColehasgottenastepcloser.Throughalarge-scalegenomicsanalysis,herteamidentified481genomeregionsthatweredirectlylinkedtoeatinghabitsandfoodpreferences.Thefindings,whichhavenotyetbeenpeer-reviewed(同行評(píng)議),werepresentedlastmonth.Builtonastudyin2020,ColeandhercolleaguesuseddatafromBiobank,whichhasapublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysisiswasabletohomeinon194regionsassociatedwitheatinghabitsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,andtea.Furtherunderstandinghowgenesimpactoureatingcouldshowdifferencesinnutritionalneedsanddiseaserisks.“Oneoftheproblemswithmanypreviousgenomicsstudiesisthatthey’reverysmall.Theydon’thaveenoughpeopletobeabletoidentifygenesinacrediblemanner.Thisstudyhadahugegroupofpeople,sothat’sreallypowerful,”saysMonicaDus,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasgreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentfeaturesthatthey’remeasuringconcerningdiet.Theyhadfats,thebody,social-economicbackgrounds.”Astheresearchadvances,Dussays,“Insteadofworryingabouttellingpeoplewhattoeat,amoreeffectiveapproachwouldbeensuringtherearen’t‘fooddeserts’sopeoplecouldgetmorefood—thingsthathaveabroaderimpact.”28.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Torevealthelatestfindingsingenomics.B.Tocriticizethelimitationsofpreviousstudies.C.Toemphasizethecomplexityofgeneticresearch.D.Tointroducetheroleofgenesinfoodpreferences.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“homeinon”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Tofocusonsomething. B.Tomoveawayfromthesubject.C.Togiveupaparticularinterest. D.Topassoverwithoutpayingattention.30.WhatdoesMonicaDushighlightaboutthestudy?A.Ithasbeenpeer-reviewed. B.Ithasalargesamplesize.C.Itgetsspecificfoodsinvolved. D.Itignoressocial-economicbackgrounds.31.WhatdoesDussuggestasamoreeffectiveapproach?A.Solvingtheissueof“fooddesert”.B.Recommendingmoregenomicsstudies.C.Addressingbroadersocial-economicproblems.D.Ignoringgeneticcontributionstoeatinghabits.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述基因與飲食偏好的關(guān)系及相關(guān)研究成果?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第一段開頭指出“Youarewhatyoueat—andwhatyoueatmayberecordedinyourDNA.(人如其食——而且你所吃的食物或許會(huì)被記錄在你的DNA中)”，接著說(shuō)明“Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgenesplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousorunappealing.However,exactlyhowbigaroletheyplayhasbeendifficulttoidentify.(研究表明，基因在決定你覺得哪些食物美味或難吃方面發(fā)揮著一定作用。然而，要確切判斷它們到底發(fā)揮了多大作用卻一直很困難)”，然后提到確定基因發(fā)揮作用的程度很困難，還引用了助理教授JoanneCole的話來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明對(duì)基因與食物選擇關(guān)系的探索。因此，第一段的目的是介紹基因在食物偏好方面的作用。故選D?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在上下文“Builtonastudyin2020,ColeandhercolleaguesuseddatafromBiobank,whichhasapublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysiswasabletohomeinon194regionsassociatedwitheatinghabitsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,andtea.(在2020年一項(xiàng)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，Cole和她的同事們使用了來(lái)自生物銀行的數(shù)據(jù)，該銀行擁有一個(gè)包含50萬(wàn)名參與者的基因和健康信息的公共數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。通過(guò)掃描基因組，這項(xiàng)新的分析能夠……194個(gè)與飲食習(xí)慣相關(guān)的區(qū)域，以及287個(gè)與水果、奶酪、魚和茶等特定食物相關(guān)的區(qū)域)”可知，通過(guò)掃描基因組，新的分析能夠關(guān)注到與飲食習(xí)慣相關(guān)的194個(gè)區(qū)域以及與特定食物（如水果、奶酪、魚和茶）相關(guān)的287個(gè)區(qū)域。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，“homeinon”應(yīng)該是“專注于，聚焦于”的意思。選項(xiàng)A“Tofocusonsomething.(專注于某事，聚焦于某事)”，符合“homeinon”在語(yǔ)境中的含義，即新的分析能夠聚焦于與飲食習(xí)慣和特定食物相關(guān)的區(qū)域。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Oneoftheproblemswithmanypreviousgenomicsstudiesisthatthey’reverysmall.Theydon’thaveenoughpeopletobeabletoidentifygenesinacrediblemanner.Thisstudyhadahugegroupofpeople,sothat’sreallypowerful,”saysMonicaDus,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasgreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentfeaturesthatthey’remeasuringconcerningdiet.Theyhadfats,thebody,social-economicbackgrounds.”(密歇根大學(xué)的副教授MonicaDus說(shuō)：“許多之前的基因組學(xué)研究存在的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是樣本規(guī)模非常小。它們沒有足夠多的研究對(duì)象，無(wú)法以可靠的方式識(shí)別基因。而這項(xiàng)研究的參與人數(shù)眾多，所以非常有說(shuō)服力。我認(rèn)為另一個(gè)很棒的地方是，他們?cè)跍y(cè)量與飲食相關(guān)的特征時(shí)涵蓋了很多不同的方面。他們考慮了脂肪、身體狀況以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)背景等因素?！?”可知，MonicaDus指出許多之前的基因組學(xué)研究存在的問(wèn)題是樣本規(guī)模非常小，沒有足夠多的研究對(duì)象來(lái)可靠地識(shí)別基因，而這項(xiàng)研究有大量的參與者，這是非常有說(shuō)服力的。因此，MonicaDus強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這項(xiàng)研究有很大的樣本規(guī)模。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Astheresearchadvances,Dussays,“Insteadofworryingabouttellingpeoplewhattoeat,amoreeffectiveapproachwouldbeensuringtherearen’t‘fooddeserts’sopeoplecouldgetmorefood—thingsthathaveabroaderimpact.”(隨著研究的推進(jìn)，Dus表示：“與其擔(dān)心告訴人們?cè)摮允裁矗行У姆椒ㄊ谴_保沒有‘食物荒漠’，這樣人們就能獲得更多食物——這會(huì)產(chǎn)生更廣泛的影響?！?”可推知，Dus認(rèn)為更有效的方法是解決“食物荒漠”的問(wèn)題。故選A。DAutonomousdrivingisbecominganimportantpartoffuturetransportation.However,itstillfacesmanychallengesrelatedtotechnologyandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).AccordingtoareportbyChinaYouthDaily,therearetwoprimarytypesofself-drivingsystemsinusetoday:thosethatusecamerasandthosethatuselightdetectionandranging(LiDAR，激光雷達(dá)).Eachtypefacesitsownsetofchallenges.Forexample,Tesla’ssystemusescamerasanddeeplearning,withouthigh-precisionmaps,whichworkswellinclearweatherbutstrugglesinbadconditionslikeheavyrainorfog.SomecompanieslikeXpengMotorsuseLiDARtechnology,butitshighcost-around7.000yuanforeachsystemmakesitdifficulttousewidely.Anotherchallengeiscybersecurity.AccordingtoXinhua,Hackerscancontrolthevehiclethroughcloudnetworkscausingaccidentsordemandingmoney.Keepingdatasafeandpreventingattacksisimportantformakingautonomousdrivingsafe.Also,thesystemsofself-drivingcarshaveproblemswhendealingwithunexpectedsituations.Forexample,ifatrafficlightdoesn’twork,thecarmightnotknowhowtorespondbecauseitsalgorithm(算法)isdesignedtofollowthelight’sinstructions,notmanagetechnicalfailures.Similarly,ifatrafficofficerdirectstrafficwithaflag,thecarmightnotrecognizethishumanaction,asithasnotbeenprogrammedtoreacttosuchsignals.Inanothercase,ifachildsuddenlyrunsintotheroadthecarmustreactquickly,butitssensorsmightnotalwayspredictsuchactionsintime.Thesechallengesshowthatself-drivingisnotyetreadyforeveryreal-worldsituation.Beyondthesetechnicalchallenges,theinfrastructureforautonomousdrivingisstillintheearlystagesofexplorationandpilotprojects.Manycitieslackaunifiedplanfortheirtrafficinfrastructure.Autonomousdrivingsystemsneedreal-timedataexchangeandstrongcomputingresources,andbuildingvehicle-roadcollaboration(協(xié)作)requiresmanypartiestoworktogether.However,manycities’infrastructurescurrentlydonotyetsupporthigh-frequencydatatransmission.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Tesla’ssystemworkswellbothonsunnydaysandrainydays.B.AutonomousvehiclesfromTeslaaremorepopularamongconsumers.C.AutonomousvehiclesfromTeslahasadvantageoverthanthosefromXpeng.D.XpengMotorsuselightdetectionandranging,whichismorereliablebutmoreexpensive.33.Accordingtoparagraph3,whichsituationinthefollowingmightnothappen?A.Thesystemsofvehiclemaybebrokendownbyhackers.B.Ifatrafficofficerdirectstrafficwithaflag,thecarmightnotfollow.C.Ifatrafficlightgoeswrong,thecarmightnotknowhowtodealwithit.D.Ifachildsuddenlyrunsintotheroad,thecarcouldstopimmediatelybeforeithitthechild.34.Whichsentenceofthefollowingmighttheauthoragree?A.TeslahasgainedmoremarketthanXpeng.B.Autonomousdrivingtechnologyisripeforourdailyuse.C.Autonomousdrivingwillbecomepartofourlifeinthefuture.D.Manycities’infrastructureshavenotbeenpreparedwellforautonomousdriving.35.What'sthebesttitleforthistext?A.TheBrightFutureofSelf-DrivingCarsB.TheImportanceofTrafficRulesforDriverlessCarsC.ChallengesFacingAutonomousDrivingTechnologyD.HowTeslaandXpengAreLeadingtheSelf-DrivingRevolution【答案】32.D33.D34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)雖然正在成為未來(lái)交通的重要組成部分，但仍面臨技術(shù)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施方面的諸多挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SomecompanieslikeXpengMotorsuseLiDARtechnology,butitshighcost-around7.000yuanforeachsystemmakesitdifficulttousewidely.(一些公司，如小鵬汽車，使用激光雷達(dá)技術(shù)，但每個(gè)系統(tǒng)約7000元的高成本使其難以廣泛應(yīng)用)”可知，小鵬汽車使用激光雷達(dá)技術(shù)，雖然更可靠，但成本高昂。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inanothercase,ifachildsuddenlyrunsintotheroadthecarmustreactquickly,butitssensorsmightnotalwayspredictsuchactionsintime.(在另一種情況下，如果一個(gè)孩子突然跑到路上，汽車必須迅速做出反應(yīng)，但它的傳感器可能并不總是能及時(shí)預(yù)測(cè)到這樣的動(dòng)作)”可知，如果一個(gè)孩子突然跑到路上，汽車可能無(wú)法在撞到孩子之前立即停下來(lái)。因此D項(xiàng)“如果一個(gè)孩子突然跑到路上，汽車可以在撞到孩子之前立即停車”是不太可能發(fā)生的。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Beyondthesetechnicalchallenges,theinfrastructureforautonomousdrivingisstillintheearlystagesofexplorationandpilotprojects.Manycitieslackaunifiedplanfortheirtrafficinfrastructure.(除了這些技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)之外，自動(dòng)駕駛的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施仍處于探索和試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目的早期階段。許多城市缺乏統(tǒng)一的交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃)”可知，許多城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施沒有為自動(dòng)駕駛做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。故選D。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Autonomousdrivingisbecominganimportantpartoffuturetransportation.However,itstillfacesmanychallengesrelatedtotechnologyandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).(自動(dòng)駕駛正成為未來(lái)交通的重要組成部分。然而，它仍然面臨著許多與技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施相關(guān)的挑戰(zhàn))”可知，本文主要講述了自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)所面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)。所以選項(xiàng)C“自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)”可作標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeopleareafraidofinternationaltravel,fearingthatitisdangerous.____36____Thisbeingsaid,therearesafetyprecautionsthateverytravelershouldemploytoensurethattheirtripremainsajoyfulone.____37____Createanelectronicbackupofyourmedicalinsurancecard,passport,