高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C1.Howdidthemangettothemuseum?A.Bytrain. B.Bybus. C.Bytaxi.【答案】C【原文】W:Didyougettothemuseumontime?M:No.Thetrainsweren’trunning,andthefirsttwobusesthatcamealongweresocrowdedthatIcouldn’tgeton.Atlast,Ijumpedintoataxi.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom. B.Athome. C.Inahospital.【答案】B【原文】W:Youlookunhappy,Tom.Whathappened?M:Mum,myclassmateslaughedatmycomposition.W:Really?Letmereaditafterdinner.MaybeIcangiveyousomeadvice.3.Whenwillthewoman’sflighttakeoff?A.ThisFriday. B.ThisSaturday. C.ThisSunday.【答案】C【原文】M:Linda,areyoutravelingtoNewYorkthisSaturday?W:No,therewerenoflightticketsforOct.20,soIbookedaticketforOct.21.M:Well,Iwishyouagoodtrip.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.It’sextremelyhotoutside. B.Hewantstogoswimming. C.Swimmingisgoodforhealth.【答案】A【原文】W:I’mgoingswimming.Doyouwanttocome?Ithelpsyoutoloseweight.M:No,Ican’tswimoutsidenow.Lookatthesun!Icanjuststandoutsideandsweat.Whataday!5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbuildingaschoolnow?A.Itisgoodtimingtobuildit.B.Itshouldhavebeenbuiltearlier.C.Shedoubtstheeffectoftheplan.【答案】B【原文】M:Thecitycouncilhasfinallyvotedthefundstobuildanewhighschool.W:It’sabouttimetheydidit.Idon’tknowwhattookthemsolong.Don’ttheyunderstandthateducationisveryimportantforthedevelopmentofacity?第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatcausedthemantofailinhisgeographycourse?A.Tightschedules. B.Difficultquestions. C.Poorpreparations.7.Whatdidthewomandoforanexam?A.Makesomeflashcards.B.Reviewhernotesrepeatedly.C.Getthegeneralideaofatopic.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:What’sthehardestexamortestyou’veevertaken?M:Probablytheexamattheendofthefirstyearofmygeographycourseatuniversity.Notbecausethequestionswereverydifficult,butbecauseI’ddonesolittleworkforit.W:Oh,itisapity.M:Haveyoueverdoneanexamwhereeverythingwentwrong?W:Ohyes.IthoughtI’ddonequitewellinmychemistryexameventhoughitwasatightschedule,butIfailedit.M:Howdidyouusuallyprepareforabigexam?W:Iusedtoreadnotesoverandoveragain.Whataboutyou?M:Oh,Ioftenuseflashcardsorattempttooutlinekeypointsofatopicwithoutlookingatthematerial.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toplaceanorder.B.Toinquirehisdelayeddelivery.C.Tocomplainaboutthepackage.9.Howlongcanthemanwait?A.Twohours. B.Thirtyminutes. C.Fortyminutes.10.Whatservicewillthewomanoffer?A.Prioritydelivery. B.Fullrefund. C.Freeshipping.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】M:Goodafternoon,thisisHarryStills.I’mcallingtoaskaboutadeliveryIhavebeenexpecting.W:Goodafternoon,MrStills.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Iplacedinorderofacomputeryesterdayandwassupposedtobeherebynoon,butherewearetwohourslaterandIamstillwaiting.W:I’msorryaboutthat.Therearemorepackagesthanusualtodayandthedeliverymanisontheroadandshouldarriveinthirtyminutes.M:Areyousure?Ihavetoleaveinfortyminutesforanappointment,soIneedtomakesureIhaveitbeforethen.W:Iunderstand.Iwillcallhimrightnowandaskhimtomakeyouthefirststopagain.Iapologizeforthedelay.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Ahomedecorationplan. B.Theborrowingofachair. C.Thebenefitsofpainting.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.13.WhatisBilldoing?A.Paintingthechair. B.Sittingonthechair. C.Decoratingthewalls.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【原文】M:Goodmorning,Mrs.Robinson.CanIuseyourlong-leggedchair,please?Myroofneedsrepairing.W:I’mafraidIcan’tlendittoyounow.Mr.Smith.I’llpassittoyouthisafternoonbecausemyhusband,Bill,isusingit.Heispainting.M:Painting?That’sveryinteresting!Hemustbeveryinterestedinit.W:Oh,no.Heisn’tinterestedinpaintingatall.M:Heisn’t?Ithoughthewasgoodatart.W:Oh,no.Heisnotpaintingartworks.Heispaintingthesittingroom.Oh,becareful.Thepaintmaymakeyourclothesdirty.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhatdoesKevinthinkofabstractart?A.Ithaslastingartisticvalue.B.Itmakeslittlesensetohim.C.Itappealsmainlytochildren.15.Whatimpressiondidthefirstpaintinggivethewoman?A.Hopefulness. B.Nervousness. C.Coldness.16.Whatcolorwasusedforthebackgroundinthesecondpainting?A.Green. B.Purple. C.Red.17.WhatwillKevinprobablydothisSaturday?A.Attendanartclass. B.Visitanexhibition. C.Buyanabstractpainting.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.B【原文】W:HiKevin.I’vejustgotbackfromtheArtGallery.There’sawonderfulshowofabstractart.Youshouldhavecomewithme.M:Idon’tknow.Abstractartseemslikechildren’spaintingtome.W:Well,ifyoudon’tunderstandwhattheartististryingtocommunicate,itcanseemalittlelikethat.M:Whatdidyouseethen?W:Thereweretwopaintingsthatimpressedmemost.ThefirstisahugeonewhichIsupposedthetreealthoughitcouldhavebeenanything.M:Whatdidyoulikeaboutit?W:Justthewaythetreelooked.Itwaslikethetreewasmadeofhardmetal,andthemixofwhiteandgraymadeeverythinglooklikeitwaswinter,freezingwinter.M:That’ssomething.Whatabouttheotherone?W:Thesecondlookedlikeapieceofgrassland.Allthegrasswaspurpleandred,andtherewasgreenskyinthebackground.Ilookedatitandthoughtofsummer.M:Hmm,yourdescriptionreallyteachesmesomethingaboutappreciatingabstractart.MaybeIshouldgoandgivethisshowatrythisSaturday.W:Youreallyshould.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Howmanyofthetop10winnersarefromPeru?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.19.WheredoesKorencKarelcomefrom?A.Zambia. B.TheUnitedStates. C.TheCzechRepublic.20.WhatdoesMarkusHanischsayaboutShaolinkungfu?A.Itencouragespeopletokeepahealthylifestyle.B.Itplaysanimportantroleinhispersonalgrowth.C.Itpromotesculturalexchangesbetweencountries.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【原文】The2024ShaolinGamesFinalsconcludedwiththosewhoplacedinthetop10earningthetitleof“ShaolinKungFuStar”.Twoofthetop10winnerswerefromtheChinesemainland;onewasfromMacao;twowerefromAustralia;therewasonewinnereachfromtheCzechRepublic,Austria,theUnitedStates,PeruandZambia.KorencKarel,the18-year-oldCzechwinner,saidplacinginthetop10wasatestamenttohisyearsofdedicationtothemartialart.Shaolinculturepromotesahealthylifestyle,equippingpeopletonavigatelife’schallengeswhilemaintainingphysicalandmentalbalance.Thecompetitionattractedinternationalparticipants,suchas32-year-oldItaliancompetitorMarkusHanisch.“Shaolinkungfuplaysanimportantroleinbridgingculturesbetweencountries.”Hanischsaid.WaraLucero,acompetitorfromBolivia,highlightedthepersonalgrowthfosteredbyShaolinkungfutraining第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAGuidetoDivingintheGalapagosIslandsDivingintheGalapagosIslandsisadreamcometrueforalldivers,oftenfeaturedhighonadventurousdivers’bucketlists.Whetheryou’reabeginnerseekinggentlewatersalivewithmarine(海洋的)life,oranexperienceddiverthirstyforexcitingencounters,theGalapagosIslandsalwayshassomethingextraordinarytooffer.TheBestTimeforDivingGalpagosisayear-rounddestination.Whenitcomestodiving,thebesttimetoseeuniqueanimalsisduringthedryseason,fromJunetoNovember.Duringthisperiod,watersarecooler,offeringenhancedvisibilityandincreasedopportunitiestowitnesshammerheadsharksandturtles,amongothers.EssentialEquipmentMask,snorkel,andfinsprovideclearvisionunderwaterandenableyoutomoveswiftlythroughthewater.Wetsuitandhoodkeepyouwarmandcomfortablefromcoldwaters.Theregulatorisavitaldevicethatconnectstotheairtank,allowingyoutobreatheeffortlesslyunderwaterwhilereducingtheair’sintensepressure.Thedivecomputertracksthedepth,divetime,anddecompression(減壓)limits.LevelsofdifficultyBeginnerdivesareidealfornewcomers,whichoffercalmwaters,minimalcurrents,aneye-openingviewofbiodiversityanddepthsunder12meters.Intermediatedivesaresuitablefordiversconfidentinopenwaters,reachingdepthsofupto30meters.Advanceddivesfeaturestrongcurrents,limitedvisibility,anddepthsbeyond30meters,andadventurousspiritisamust.TopDiveSitesRecommendedKickerRock—Encountereagleraysandvibrantschoolsoffish.SantaFe—Enjoycrystal-clearwatersandplayfulsealions.NorthSeymour—Exploreavastsandybottomat15meters.Mosquera—Braveroughwatersandspotblack-tipreefsharks.21.WhencandiversbestobserveuniqueanimalsintheGalapagos?A.InJanuary. B.InMarch.C.InSeptember. D.InDecember.22.Whatisonekeyuseofadivecomputer?A.Reducingairpressure.B.Helpingmanagedivingconditions.C.Controllingwetsuittemperature.D.Showingunderwaterlocation.23.Whichdivesitemostsuitsanadvanceddiverseekingachallenge?A.SantaFe. B.KickerRock.C.Mosquera. D.NorthSeymour.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【語篇解讀】文章是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要講述了在加拉帕戈斯群島潛水的相關(guān)信息，包括最佳潛水時(shí)間、必備裝備、潛水難度等級(jí)以及推薦的潛水地點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenitcomestodiving,thebesttimetoseeuniqueanimalsisduringthedryseason,fromJunetoNovember(說到潛水，觀察獨(dú)特動(dòng)物的最佳時(shí)間是旱季，即6月到11月)”可推知，9月在6月到11月之間，適合觀察獨(dú)特動(dòng)物。故選C?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thedivecomputertracksthedepth,divetime,anddecompressionlimits(潛水電腦能追蹤深度、潛水時(shí)間和減壓限制)”可知，潛水電腦主要作用是幫助潛水員管理潛水條件。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Advanceddivesfeaturestrongcurrents,limitedvisibility,anddepthsbeyond30meters,andadventurousspiritisamust(高級(jí)潛水的特點(diǎn)是有強(qiáng)水流、有限的能見度和超過30米的深度，而且必須要有冒險(xiǎn)精神)”以及“Mosquera—Braveroughwatersandspotblack-tipreefsharks(莫斯克拉——要勇敢面對(duì)洶涌的海水并發(fā)現(xiàn)黑鰭礁鯊)”可知，莫斯克拉潛水點(diǎn)的條件符合高級(jí)潛水員所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。BThissummer,theflavoroffreshlybakedbreadandspicesfilledtheCrissyFieldCenter—notfromchefs,butfrommiddleschoolersintheUrbanTrailblazersprogramperfectingtheirkitchenskills.Fromfoodhistorytofood-centeredfieldtrips,theprogramallowedthemtousetheirsensestoengagemoredeeplywiththenaturalworld.“Wewantyoungpeopletothoughtfullyconsidertheirdecisionstheyweremakingatgrocerystoresandecologicalfootprint.”saidErnestoPepito,theprogram’sdirector.Thesix-weekprogrambeganwiththebasicsofreading,writing,andpresentingrecipes.Students’firstassignment?Bringinadishwithculturalorpersonalsignificance.Classesincludedpracticingknifeskills,exploringheatcontrol,andpairingflavorsbythemselves.Theydevelopedarichvocabularyaswelltodescribewhattheyweredoing.Studentsalsosteppedouttogaindeeperinsightintofoodorigins.OnafieldtriptoAlemanyFarm,theyjournaledtheirsensoryexperiencesamongrowsofripeningproduce.AvisittotheMarinFarmers’Marketintroducedthemtolocalfarmers,sustainablegrowingpractices,andunfamiliarfruitsandvegetables.StudentsalsovisitedtheJapaneseTeaGardenandConservatoryofFlowersandrealizedthere’smoretoexplore,evenintheirownbackyards.Backinthekitchen,breadweekwasahit.Afterexploringthehistoryofbreadacrosscultures,eachstudentselectedarecipetoresearch,bake,andpresent.Bysharingthestoriesbehindtheirloaves,theywovehistory,tradition,andpersonalmeaningintotheircreations.Overtime,thestudentsnotonlymasteredrecipesbutalsodevelopedconfidence.SamTran,MiddleSchoolProgramsmanagerattheCrissyFieldCenter,recalledastudentwhoinitiallyhadnointerestincooking.“Bytheend,hewasexperimentingathomewithhisdad,bakingloafafterloafofbananabread.”“Actually,thatisanoutcomewedidn’tforesee,”Pepitoadded.“Butit’sreallypowerfulthatyoungpeoplecrossthatthreshold(門檻)offeararoundtryingsomethinginthekitchen,andareabletobringthathome.”24.WhatarestudentsexpectedtodoaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Learnexpertcookingskills.B.Supporteco-friendlyagriculture.C.Promotehealthyeatinghabits.D.Connectfoodchoiceswithnature.25.Howdotheclassesandfieldtripsoftheprogrambenefitstudents?A.Byemployingexperientiallearning.B.Byfollowingstep-by-stepcookingrules.C.Byclarifyingfoodtheoriesandhistory.D.Byassigningindependentresearchtasks.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Creatingpersonalrecipes.B.Developingadifferenthobby.C.Gainingnewfoundconfidence.D.Buildingacloserfamilybond.27.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthistext?A.IntheKitchenandBeyondB.HowCookingShapesYoungMindsC.ANewGenerationofChefsD.ExploringFoodfromFarmtoTable【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了UrbanTrailblazers項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目通過教授中學(xué)生烹飪技能、組織實(shí)地考察等活動(dòng)，幫助他們更深入地了解食物與自然的關(guān)系，培養(yǎng)他們的生態(tài)意識(shí)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fromfoodhistorytofood-centeredfieldtrips,theprogramallowedthemtousetheirsensestoengagemoredeeplywiththenaturalworld.‘Wewantyoungpeopletothoughtfullyconsidertheirdecisionstheyweremakingatgrocerystoresandecologicalfootprint.’saidErnestoPepito,theprogram’sdirector.(從食物歷史到以食物為中心的實(shí)地考察，該項(xiàng)目讓他們能夠利用自己的感官更深入地與自然世界互動(dòng)。該項(xiàng)目的主任ErnestoPepito說：‘我們希望年輕人能夠深思熟慮地考慮他們在雜貨店做出的決定以及他們的生態(tài)足跡?！?”可知，學(xué)生被期望將食物選擇與自然聯(lián)系起來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Classesincludedpracticingknifeskills,exploringheatcontrol,andpairingflavorsbythemselves.(課程包括練習(xí)刀工、探索溫度控制以及自己搭配口味)”和第三段“Studentsalsosteppedouttogaindeeperinsightintofoodorigins.OnafieldtriptoAlemanyFarm,theyjournaledtheirsensoryexperiencesamongrowsofripeningproduce.AvisittotheMarinFarmers’Marketintroducedthemtolocalfarmers,sustainablegrowingpractices,andunfamiliarfruitsandvegetables.StudentsalsovisitedtheJapaneseTeaGardenandConservatoryofFlowersandrealizedthere’smoretoexplore,evenintheirownbackyards.(學(xué)生們還走出去，深入了解食物的來源。在參觀阿勒馬尼農(nóng)場時(shí)，他們在成排成熟的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中記錄了自己的感官體驗(yàn)。參觀馬林農(nóng)貿(mào)市場讓他們了解了當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民、可持續(xù)種植方法以及不熟悉的水果和蔬菜。學(xué)生們還參觀了日本茶園和花卉溫室，意識(shí)到即使是在自己的后院，也有更多的東西值得探索)”可知，課程包括練習(xí)刀工、探索溫度控制以及自己搭配口味，實(shí)地考察包括參觀農(nóng)場、農(nóng)貿(mào)市場、日本茶園和花卉溫室等，這些課程和實(shí)地考察都讓學(xué)生親身體驗(yàn)，從而更深入地了解食物和自然。因此，這些課程和實(shí)地考察通過體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)使學(xué)生受益。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中“Overtime,thestudentsnotonlymasteredrecipesbutalsodevelopedconfidence.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，學(xué)生們不僅掌握了食譜，還培養(yǎng)了信心)”和第六段“‘Actually,thatisanoutcomewedidn’tforesee,’Pepitoadded.‘Butit’sreallypowerfulthatyoungpeoplecrossthatthreshold(門檻)offeararoundtryingsomethinginthekitchen,andareabletobringthathome.’(‘實(shí)際上，那是我們沒有預(yù)料到的結(jié)果，’Pepito補(bǔ)充道。‘但年輕人能夠克服在廚房嘗試新事物的恐懼，并能夠把這種信心帶回家，這是非常有力的?！?”可知，指示代詞that指代上文提到的“學(xué)生獲得新的信心”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thissummer,theflavoroffreshlybakedbreadandspicesfilledtheCrissyFieldCenter—notfromchefs,butfrommiddleschoolersintheUrbanTrailblazersprogramperfectingtheirkitchenskills.Fromfoodhistorytofood-centeredfieldtrips,theprogramallowedthemtousetheirsensestoengagemoredeeplywiththenaturalworld.(今年夏天，新鮮出爐的面包和香料的味道彌漫在CrissyField中心——不是來自廚師，而是來自參加UrbanTrailblazers項(xiàng)目的中學(xué)生，他們正在完善自己的廚藝。從食物歷史到以食物為中心的實(shí)地考察，該項(xiàng)目讓他們能夠利用自己的感官更深入地與自然世界互動(dòng))”和最后一段中“Butit’sreallypowerfulthatyoungpeoplecrossthatthreshold(門檻)offeararoundtryingsomethinginthekitchen,andareabletobringthathome.(但年輕人能夠克服在廚房嘗試新事物的恐懼，并能夠把這種信心帶回家，這是非常有力的)”可知，文章主要介紹了UrbanTrailblazers項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目不僅在廚房內(nèi)教授學(xué)生烹飪技能，還在廚房外組織實(shí)地考察，幫助他們更深入地了解食物與自然的關(guān)系，培養(yǎng)他們的生態(tài)意識(shí)，同時(shí)學(xué)生也獲得了新的信心。因此，A項(xiàng)“IntheKitchenandBeyond(在廚房內(nèi)外)”最能概括文章內(nèi)容，適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CAstheawardsseasonapproaches,studentsandteacherswillgathertocelebrateacademicperformance,citizenship,leadershipandextracurricular(課外的)excellence.Schoolsbilltheseawardsasawaytorecognizestudents’achievements.Butaretheyagoodidea?Thephilosophybehindtheseawardsistosolidifypositivebehaviorsandencouragestudentstoexcel.Thisconceptisrootedinbehaviourismtoeducation,apsychologicaltheorythatsuggestsexternalrewardscanshapebehavior.Butsuchrewardsdonotnecessarilyleadtolastingengagement.Oncethedesireforrewardfade,thebehavioroftendoesn’tstick.Researchhasalsoshownawardscansometimesdomoreharmthangood.Whenstudentsfocusonearninganawardratherthanenjoyingtheactivity,theirmotivationshiftsfrominternaltoexternal.Thismeanstheymightparticipateonlyforthesakeoftheaward,ratherthanforthejoyoflearningorpersonalgrowth.AUSstudyofschool-agedchildrenfoundthatthosewhosaid“IaskquestionsinclassbecauseIwanttolearnnewthings”achievedhigheracademicthanthosewhosaid“Ilikeschoolsubjectswhereit’sprettyeasytojustlearntheanswers”.Beyondaffectingmotivation,awardscanalsoleadchildrentogrowdependentonexternalrecognition.Whenkidsgetusedtoseekingapprovalthroughawards,theymaystruggletofindself-worthintheirownefforts.Forthekidswhodon’treceiveawards,theymayfeelinadequateordiscouraged,especiallyifthesamefewchildrenarealwayscelebrated.Thissituationcancreateafixedmindsetwherekidsthinktheirabilitiescan’tchangeorprogress,asopposedtoagrowthmindsetwherestudentsfirmlybelievetheycanbecomebetterthroughhardwork,goodstrategiesandhelpfromothers.Thisisnottosayschoolsshouldnevergivestudentsawards.Forparentsandeducators,whetherkidsreceiveanawardornot,therearealwaysalternativestotalkaboutttheirachievementsattheendoftheschoolyear.28.WhatissuggestedabouttheimpactofawardsinParagraph2?A.Temporary. B.Motivating.C.Overestimated. D.Transformative.29.Howdoawardsnegativelyaffectstudents’academicperformance?A.Theycreateoverconfidenceinstudents.B.Theyweakenstudents’internalmotivation.C.Theymisleadstudentsinproblem-solving.D.Theydiscouragestudentsfromseekinganswers.30.Whatdistinguishesagrowthmindsetfromafixedone?A.Faithinself-improvement.B.Goodacademicperformance.C.Preferenceforexternalapproval.D.Activeclassroomengagement.31.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Whyschoolsrefusetogiveupawards.B.Howtoencouragekidsbeyondawards.C.Whyschoolsseekalternativestoawards.D.Howtoteachkidsself-worthwithoutawards.【答案】28.A29.B30.A31.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了學(xué)校給學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)這種方法的弊端。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thephilosophybehindtheseawardsistosolidifypositivebehaviorsandencouragestudentstoexcel.(這些獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)背后的理念是鞏固積極的行為，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生超越)”和“Butsuchrewardsdonotnecessarilyleadtolastingengagement.Oncethedesireforrewardfade,thebehavioroftendoesn’tstick.(但這樣的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)并不一定會(huì)帶來持久的參與。一旦對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的渴望消退，這種行為通常就不會(huì)堅(jiān)持下去)”可知，本段雖提及了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是為了鞏固積極的行為，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生超越，但隨后強(qiáng)調(diào)這樣的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)并不一定會(huì)帶來持久的參與。一旦對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的渴望消退，這種行為通常就不會(huì)堅(jiān)持下去，這說明第二段意在強(qiáng)調(diào)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的影響是短暫的，為后續(xù)段落論證awards的不良影響做好鋪墊，因此正確答案是A。選項(xiàng)B.Motivating：第二段暗示了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的激勵(lì)作用并不持久；選項(xiàng)C.Overestimated“被高估的”，本段沒有提及；選項(xiàng)D.Transformative“變革性的”，雖然獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)可能會(huì)在短期內(nèi)產(chǎn)生某種影響，但不會(huì)改變?nèi)藗兊母緞?dòng)機(jī)或行為。故選A?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenstudentsfocusonearninganawardratherthanenjoyingtheactivity,theirmotivationshiftsfrominternaltoexternal.Thismeanstheymightparticipateonlyforthesakeoftheaward,ratherthanforthejoyoflearningorpersonalgrowth.(當(dāng)學(xué)生專注于獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而不是享受活動(dòng)時(shí)，他們的動(dòng)機(jī)就會(huì)從內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移到外部。這意味著他們可能只是為了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而參加，而不是為了學(xué)習(xí)或個(gè)人成長的樂趣)”可知，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)可能會(huì)讓學(xué)生更關(guān)注外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而非學(xué)習(xí)本身，導(dǎo)致他們的動(dòng)機(jī)從內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移到外部，并且意味著他們可能只是為了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而參加，而不是為了學(xué)習(xí)或個(gè)人成長的樂趣，也就是說，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)會(huì)削弱學(xué)生的內(nèi)在學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力。故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Thissituationcancreateafixedmindsetwherekidsthinktheirabilitiescan’tchangeorprogress,asopposedtoagrowthmindsetwherestudentsfirmlybelievetheycanbecomebetterthroughhardwork,goodstrategiesandhelpfromothers.(這種情況會(huì)造成一種固定思維，孩子們認(rèn)為他們的能力不會(huì)改變或進(jìn)步，而不是成長型思維，學(xué)生們堅(jiān)信他們可以通過努力工作，好的策略和他人的幫助變得更好)”可知，固定思維(fixedmindset)的人認(rèn)為自己的能力是固定的，無法改變，而成長型思維(growthmindset)的人則相信通過努力、策略和幫助可以進(jìn)步。兩者之間的區(qū)別在于是否相信自己的能力會(huì)得到提升。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。最后一段中“Forparentsandeducators,whetherkidsreceiveanawardornot,therearealwaysalternativestotalkaboutttheirachievementsattheendoftheschoolyear.(對(duì)于家長和教育者來說，無論孩子是否獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，在學(xué)年結(jié)束時(shí)總是有其他的選擇來談?wù)撍麄兊某删?”提到，無論孩子是否獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，在學(xué)年結(jié)束時(shí)總是有其他的選擇來談?wù)撍麄兊某删?，這表明接下來的內(nèi)容可能會(huì)討論如何在沒有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的情況下鼓勵(lì)孩子。對(duì)于選項(xiàng)A.Whyschoolsrefusetogiveupawards，文章沒有暗示學(xué)?？咕芊艞壀?jiǎng)勵(lì)；對(duì)于選項(xiàng)C.Whyschoolsseekalternativestoawards，“alternatives”只是討論的一部分，重點(diǎn)在于如何鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生；對(duì)于選項(xiàng)D.Howtoteachkidsself-worthwithoutawards，這里涉及的自我價(jià)值，解讀前文后可發(fā)現(xiàn)，其范圍較窄。故選B。DFromabove,carsinchingdownthehighwaylooklikeants.Butactualantsmanagetoavoidthestop-and-gotraffic.Researchersarenowlearningfromantstoprogramself-drivingcarsthatdon’tjamup.Thefreeflowoftrafficbecomesunstableasvehicledensity(密度)increasesonahighway.At15vehiclespermilepertrack,onedriverhittingtheirbrakes(剎車)cancauseapersistentwaveofjam.Thisphenomenon,knownasaphasetransition,issimilartohowwaterfreezesintoice,explainsNishinari,amathematicalphysicistattheUniversityofTokyo.Antscanmaintaintheirflowinhigh-densityconditions.BystudyingOchetellussants,researchersdiscoveredtheirsecret:theytravelinsmallgroups,moveatnearlyconstantrates,withspacebetweenoneanother—andtheydon’tspeeduptopassothers.Humandriversatrushhour,honestly,“areprioritizingpersonalconvenience”,saysstudyco-authorNicolaPugno.Butself-drivingcars,ifwidelyadopted,couldbeengineeredtocooperatelikeants.Inthefuture,thesevehicleswouldsharereal-timedatawithnearbycarstofacilitatesmoothertrafficflowbyadjustingspeedandspacingorbynotovertakingothers.Thisvehiclenetworkismodeledafterhowantscoordinate(協(xié)同)usingsmellsratherthanfollowingaleader.“Thereisnoleader.”explainsPinter-Wollman,abehavioralscientistcurrentlystudyingantsattheUCLA,yettheirmovementremainsorganized.Andinbothantandvehicletraffic,thisdecentralizedsystemcanbe“very,verystrong”andadaptive,Nishinarisays.Still,antshaveadvantagesthatself-drivingcarslack.Pinter-Wollmanpointsout,“Antssimplyexpandpathwaysaswideastheyplease,unlikecarsstuckonhighways.Whentheyhitajaminatunnel,theyjustclimbthewallorwalkontheceiling.Plus,antsnevercrash;ifoneisintheway,theyliterallystepoveritandkeepmoving.”Today’sdriverscanlearnatleastonethingfromantstoavoidcausingatrafficjam:keepaway.Keepingasafedistancefromthecaraheadpreventsbrakingwavesfromturningintofull-blowntrafficjams.“Justkeepingaway.”hesays,canhelptrafficflowsmoothly.32.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Whataphasetransitionexplains.B.Howstabletrafficstartstobreakdown.C.Whyvehicledensityimpactstraffic.D.Whentrafficjamsbecomeunavoidable.33.Whatcanself-drivingcarsdotoimprovetrafficflow?A.Communicatepurposefully.B.Overtakeothersintelligently.C.Functioncooperatively.D.Preventsuddenbrakingsmarty.34.Whatisakeyfeatureofthisant-inspirednetworkinself-drivingcars?A.Disregardingphysicalroadlimitations.B.Organizingtrafficunderasingleleadercar.C.Adaptingbypredictingdriverbehavior.D.Workingthroughself-organizedcoordination.35.InwhattonedoesPinter-Wollmandescribeants’advantagesovercars?A.Scholarly. B.Humorous. C.Reflective. D.Inspirational.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究人員從螞蟻身上學(xué)習(xí)，以編程自動(dòng)駕駛汽車避免交通堵塞?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefreeflowoftrafficbecomesunstableasvehicledensity(密度)increasesonahighway.At15vehiclespermilepertrack,onedriverhittingtheirbrakes(剎車)cancauseapersistentwaveofjam.Thisphenomenon,knownasaphasetransition,issimilartohowwaterfreezesintoice,explainsNishinari,amathematicalphysicistattheUniversityofTokyo.(隨著高速公路上車輛密度的增加，交通的自由流動(dòng)變得不穩(wěn)定。在每英里每車道15輛車的情況下，一名司機(jī)踩剎車可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致持續(xù)的擁堵。東京大學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)物理學(xué)家Nishinari解釋說，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為相變，類似于水結(jié)冰的過程。)”可知，第二段主要討論了穩(wěn)定的交通如何開始崩潰。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Butself-drivingcars,ifwidelyadopted,couldbeengineeredtocooperatelikeants. Inthefuture,thesevehicleswouldsharereal-timedatawithnearbycarstofacilitatesmoothertrafficflowbyadjustingspeedandspacingorbynotovertakingothers.(但如果自動(dòng)駕駛汽車被廣泛采用，它可以像螞蟻一樣協(xié)同工作。未來，這些車輛將與附近的汽車共享實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，通過調(diào)整速度和間距或不超車來促進(jìn)更平穩(wěn)的交通流。)”可知，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車可以通過協(xié)同工作來改善交通流量。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thisvehiclenetworkismodeledafterhowantscoordinate(協(xié)同)usingsmellsratherthanfollowingaleader.“Thereisnoleader.”explainsPinter-Wollman,abehavioralscientistcurrentlystudyingantsattheUCLA,yettheirmovementremainsorganized.Andinbothantandvehicletraffic,thisdecentralizedsystemcanbe“very,verystrong”andadaptive,Nishinarisays.(這種車輛網(wǎng)絡(luò)是模仿螞蟻如何使用氣味而不是跟隨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)的?！皼]有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?！蹦壳霸诩又荽髮W(xué)洛杉磯分校研究螞蟻的行為科學(xué)家Pinter-Wollman解釋道，但他們的移動(dòng)仍然是有組織的。Nishinari說，在螞蟻和車輛交通中，這種分散的系統(tǒng)可以“非常、非常強(qiáng)大”和自適應(yīng)。)”可知，這種受螞蟻啟發(fā)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵特征是通過自我組織的協(xié)調(diào)工作。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Pinter-Wollmanpointsout,“Antssimplyexpandpathwaysaswideastheyplease,unlikecarsstuckonhighways.Whentheyhitajaminatunnel,theyjustclimbthewallorwalkontheceiling.Plus,antsnevercrash;ifoneisintheway,theyliterallystepoveritandkeepmoving.”(Pinter-Wollman指出：“螞蟻可以隨意拓寬道路，不像汽車會(huì)被困在高速公路上。當(dāng)它們在隧道里遇到堵塞時(shí)，它們就爬墻或者在天花板上行走。此外，螞蟻永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)相撞；如果有一只螞蟻擋路，其他螞蟻真的會(huì)從它身上跨過去，然后繼續(xù)前進(jìn)?！?”可知，Pinter-Wollman用幽默的語氣描述了螞蟻的優(yōu)勢。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Awarenessofthefastfashion’sproblemsisgrowing,butprogressinslowfashionremainsslow.Arecentsurveyrevealedthatwhile74%ofshoppersrecognizetheenvironmentalimpactoftheirconsumptionhabitsand50%viewfastfashionasharmful,72%stillpurchaseitfortheconvenienceandunbeatableprices.____36____Youdon’tevenneedtobuyanythingnewtostart.First,takecareofwhatyoualreadyown.Extendthelifespanofyourclothesbyfollowingpropercareinstructions—machinewashingatlowtemperaturesandairdryingwheneverpossibletoconserveenergy.Learningbasicsewingskillscanhelpyourepairminorwearandtearwhilestain(污漬)removaltechniqueskeepclotheslookingfresh.Ifmendingisn’tyourstrength,considervisitingatailororalocalrepaircafe.____37____Next,shopmindfully.Anoverflowingclo