機車英文考試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Whatisthetermusedtodescribeavehiclethatrunsonrails?

A.Car

B.Motorcycle

C.Train

D.Bicycle

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotapartofalocomotive?

A.Engine

B.Wheels

C.Chassis

D.Exhaust

3.Whatdoestheacronym"EMU"standforinrailwayterminology?

A.ElectricMultipleUnit

B.ElectricMotorUnit

C.ElectricMotorVehicle

D.ElectricMechanicalUnit

4.Inwhichcountrywastheworld'sfirststeamlocomotivebuilt?

A.UnitedStates

B.UnitedKingdom

C.Germany

D.France

5.Whatisthetermforthecouplingdevicethatconnectsrailwaycarstogether?

A.Buffer

B.Coupler

C.Bogie

D.Drawbar

6.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofdiesel-electriclocomotive?

A.SS4

B.DF11

C.HXD1

D.CRH2

7.Whatisthefunctionofthehornonatrain?

A.Tosignalothertrains

B.Toentertainpassengers

C.Tostarttheengine

D.Tocooltheengine

8.Whatisthetermforatrainthatispoweredbyelectricityfromanoverheadline?

A.DieselTrain

B.ElectricTrain

C.SteamTrain

D.GasTrain

9.Whichofthefollowingisasafetyfeaturefoundonmoderntrains?

A.Smokedetector

B.Speedometer

C.Anti-lockbrakingsystem

D.Alloftheabove

10.Whatisthenameofthedevicethathelpsatraintochangedirectiononatrack?

A.Turntable

B.Switch

C.Signal

D.Buffer

答案：

1.C

2.C

3.A

4.B

5.B

6.C

7.A

8.B

9.D

10.B

二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofatrain'sbrakingsystem?

A.Brakeshoes

B.Compressor

C.Brakediscs

D.Brakepads

2.Whataresomecommontypesoftrainengines?

A.Steam

B.Diesel

C.Electric

D.Gasoline

3.Whataresomesafetymeasurestakenonatrain?

A.Seatbelts

B.Emergencyexits

C.Fireextinguishers

D.Speedlimits

4.Whichofthefollowingarepartsofatrain'ssuspensionsystem?

A.Springs

B.Shockabsorbers

C.Wheels

D.Axles

5.Whataresomereasonsforatraintostopatastation?

A.Topickuppassengers

B.Todropoffpassengers

C.Torefuel

D.Tochangetracks

6.Whataresometypesoftrainsignals?

A.Red

B.Green

C.Yellow

D.Blue

7.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredtobehigh-speedtrains?

A.TGV

B.Shinkansen

C.ICE

D.Metro

8.Whataresomefunctionsofatrainconductor?

A.Todrivethetrain

B.Tochecktickets

C.Toannouncestations

D.Tomaintainthetrain

9.Whataresomefactorsthatcanaffecttrainspeed?

A.Trackcondition

B.Weather

C.Load

D.Enginepower

10.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredtoberailwayinfrastructure?

A.Tracks

B.Bridges

C.Tunnels

D.Stations

答案：

1.A,B,C,D

2.A,B,C

3.B,C,D

4.A,B,D

5.A,B

6.A,B,C

7.A,B,C

8.B,C

9.A,B,C,D

10.A,B,C,D

三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Theterm"locomotive"referstotheenginepartofatrain.(T/F)

2.Atraincanoperatewithoutadriverinsomemodernsystems.(T/F)

3.Thefirstpassengertrainservicewasoperatedbysteampower.(T/F)

4.Theterm"metro"isusedtodescribeatypeoftrainthatoperatesunderground.(T/F)

5.Alltrainshavethesamespeedlimitregardlessofthetypeoftrain.(T/F)

6.Theterm"freighttrain"referstoatrainthatcarriespassengers.(T/F)

7.Theinventionofthesteamlocomotiverevolutionizedtransportation.(T/F)

8.Atrain'shornisusedforsignalingatlevelcrossings.(T/F)

9.Theterm"EMU"standsforElectricMultipleUnit,whichisatypeoftrain.(T/F)

10.Atrain'sbogiesarethewheelsandaxlesthatsupportthetrain.(T/F)

答案：

1.T

2.T

3.T

4.F

5.F

6.F

7.T

8.T

9.T

10.T

四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenasteamlocomotiveandadiesellocomotive?

2.Explaintheroleofthebufferinatrain.

3.Whataretheadvantagesofelectrictrainsoverdieseltrains?

4.Describethefunctionofaturntableinarailwayyard.

答案：

1.Steamlocomotivesarepoweredbysteam,whichisgeneratedbyburningcoalorwood,whilediesellocomotivesarepoweredbydieselengines.Steamlocomotivesareheavierandlessefficient,requiringmoremaintenanceandproducingmorepollution.Diesellocomotivesaremorefuel-efficient,easiertomaintain,andproducelesspollution.

2.Thebufferisadevicelocatedatthefrontandrearendsofeachtraincar.Itservestoabsorbtheimpactduringcouplinganduncouplingoftraincars,aswellastoprovideacushionincaseofacollision,thusprotectingthetraincarsandtheircontents.

3.Electrictrainshaveseveraladvantagesoverdieseltrains,includingbeingmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyduetozeroemissionsatthepointofuse,quieteroperation,andpotentiallyloweroperatingcostsduetotheuseofelectricity,whichcanbecheaperthandieselfuel.Theyalsotendtohavefasteraccelerationandcanbemoreefficientonlong-distanceroutes.

4.Aturntableinarailwayyardisarotatingplatformusedtochangethedirectionofalocomotiveortrain.Itallowsthetraintobeturnedaroundwithouttheneedtoreversethedirectionoftravel,whichcanbetime-consumingandlessefficient,especiallyforlongtrains.

五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Discusstheimpactofhigh-speedrailonlong-distancetravel.

2.Whataretheenvironmentalimplicationsofrailwaytransportationcomparedtoothermodesoftransport?

3.Howhasthedevelopmentoftraintechnologyimprovedsafetyforpassengersandcrew?

4.Whataretheeconomicbenefitsofinvestinginrailwayinfrastructure?

答案：

1.High-speedrailhassignificantlyreducedtraveltimesforlongdistances,makingitacompetitivealternativetoairtravelforshorterflights.Ithasalsoincreasedconnectivitybetweencities,fosteringeconomicgrowthandtourism.

2.Railwaytransportationisgenerallymoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanroadtransport,astrainscancarrymorepassengersorcargoperunitofenergy,leadingtolowercarbonemissionsperpassenger-kilometer.Howe