學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精庖丁巧解牛知識(shí)·巧學(xué)生詞巧解【詞析】音析：字母組合tion通常讀作形析：詞根civilize去e+后綴—ation義析：asocietythatiswellorganizedanddeveloped,usedespeciallyaboutaparticularsocietyinaparticularplaceorataparticulartime【典句】TheChinesecivilizationisoneoftheoldestintheworld.中國(guó)文化是世界上最古老的文化之一。takeover奪??；接管【詞析】義析：succeedtothemanagementorownershipofabusiness，etc。；takecontrolof【典句】Whohastakenoverthegovernmentafterthewar？戰(zhàn)后誰(shuí)接管了政府？ThefirmhasbeentakenoverbyanAmericancompany。這家公司已經(jīng)被美國(guó)的一家公司掌管。PeterwilltakeoverasmanagerwhenMr。Robsonretires。羅賓遜先生退休后彼得將接任經(jīng)理一職。Whenshefellillherdaughtertookoverthebusinessfromher.在她生病期間,生意由她的女兒接手.【拓展】takeoff起飛；脫下；成名takeup占用（時(shí)間）；占用（空間）；開始做，拿起takein吸收,吞入體內(nèi);欺騙，蒙騙take/inchargeof負(fù)責(zé),掌管takeadvantageof利用某事物takepridein對(duì)感到自豪taketheplaceof代替,取代【詞析】音析:元音字母u在閉音節(jié)中發(fā)短音形析：形近詞有interrupt(打斷）義析:explodeandsendsmoke,fire,androckintothesky【典句】AvolcanointhePacificeruptedrecently。太平洋里的一座火山最近噴發(fā)。【拓展】eruptionn.火山爆發(fā)，（疾病等)發(fā)作【詞析】音析:u讀，or讀，u讀,a讀形析：前綴un-（不）+fortunate（幸運(yùn)的）+后綴—ly義析:unluckily【典句】UnfortunatelyTomfailedhismathstest。不幸的是,湯姆數(shù)學(xué)考試未及格。Unfortunatelyforhim,hewaswrong。很遺憾，他錯(cuò)了?！就卣埂縡ortunately幸運(yùn)的是；fortunate形容詞，幸運(yùn)的；fortune名詞,運(yùn)氣Iwaslate，butfortunatelythemeetinghadn’tstarted。我遲到了，幸好會(huì)議還沒開始。Hewasfortunatenottohavebeenkilledinthefire。他真幸運(yùn),沒被大火燒死。HewenttoAustraliatoseekfortune。他到澳大利亞去碰運(yùn)氣了?！驹~析】音析:元音字母u在此處發(fā)音比較特殊，讀作形析：形近詞有berry(漿果）義析：putsomethingorsomeonewhohasdiedundertheground【典句】Theoldmanwasburiedwherehewasborn.那個(gè)老人被埋葬在他的出生地?！就卣埂縝ury在不同句子中有不同的含義,請(qǐng)看下面的句子.Heburiedhisfaceinhishands.他雙手掩面.Shehadlearnttoburyherfeelings。她學(xué)會(huì)了掩蓋感情.Hewalkedslowly,hishandsburiedinhispockets.他走得很慢，兩手插在口袋里。Shealwayshasherheadburiedinabook.她總是埋頭讀書。burialn。埋葬;葬禮Alltherelativeswenttoherburialservice。所有親戚都參加了她的葬禮?！驹~析】音析：后綴or通常發(fā)短音，重音放在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上形析：詞根direct（指導(dǎo)，指揮）+后綴—or義析：someonewhocontrolsormanagesacompanyoranorganization【典句】TheinterviewerisMr.Green，adirectorofthedepartment.面試官是格林先生，該部門的主管?！就卣埂縟irectvt。指引，導(dǎo)演,指揮directionn.方向，傾向,（常用復(fù)數(shù)）用法說明【詞析】音析：字母組合oy通常讀作義析:damagesomethingsobadlythatitnolongerexistsorcannotbeusedorrepaired【典句】Theearthquakedestroyedthewholecity.地震毀了整個(gè)城市。Allmyhopesweredestroyedbyhisletterofrefusal.他回信拒絕，使我的希望完全破滅?！颈嫖觥縟estroy，ruin,damage：destroy指徹底破壞、毀壞，以至無(wú)法使用或辨認(rèn)，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)破壞方式有力和粗暴。ruin只是強(qiáng)調(diào)徹底毀壞或毀滅，但方式不一定有多大力量,也許是一次性的行動(dòng)。Heavysmokingruinedhishealth。吸煙過量毀壞了他的健康。Iwasruinedbythatcase；Iamaruinedman。那場(chǎng)官司把我給毀了，我現(xiàn)在已是個(gè)破產(chǎn)的人了。damage指對(duì)價(jià)值和功能局部的破壞或降低。Thebuswasbadlydamagedwhenithitthewall。公共汽車撞到墻上受到嚴(yán)重破壞.【詞析】音析：字母組合ou在此讀作義析:storesth。inaplace【典句】Ihousedmyoldbooksintheattic。我將舊書藏置頂樓。ThemuseumhousesmanyofthetreasuresfromPompeii.這家博物館收藏了龐培的許多珍寶。Wecanhouseyouandyourfriendsifthehotelsarefull。如果旅館已住滿，我們可提供給你和你的朋友們住處?！就卣埂縣ousingn。供給房屋;住宅；房屋Morehousingisneededforoldpeople.需要更多的住房提供給老人。Thehousinginthispartofthetownissub—standard.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的房子低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn).housen.房子，住宅，家【辨析】house,home和family的區(qū)別house著重指建筑;family著重指家庭成員;home著重由house，family這些東西所營(yíng)造出來(lái)的那種環(huán)境,氛圍.【詞析】音析：字母組合ea在此讀作，后綴—y讀作形析：(詞根）wealth+—y(后綴)義析：havingalotofmoney，possessionsetc。；rich【典句】Heownsalargebusinessandisverywealthy。他擁有很大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，非常富有?！就卣埂縲ealthn。財(cái)產(chǎn)，財(cái)富Wealthhadnotbroughtthemhappiness.財(cái)富并沒有給他們帶來(lái)幸福.Thecountry'swealthisbasedontrade。這個(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)源主要來(lái)自貿(mào)易方面?！驹~析】音析:字母組合ai通常讀作形析:形近詞有remind（提醒）義析:thepartsofsomethingthatareleftaftertheresthasbeendestroyedorhasdisappeared；ruins【典句】WeshouldprotecttheremainsofancientRome.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)古羅馬的遺跡.Ioftenfeedremainsofamealtothedog。我常把剩飯喂給狗.【拓展】remainvi.剩下；遺留；逗留；留下①link.—v.仍然是;保持不變toremainsilent/standing/seated依然沉默／站著／坐著Inspiteoftheirquarrel,theyremainthebestoffriends.②仍需去做（或說、處理）Muchremainstobedone.還有很多事要做。Itremainstobeseenwhetheryouareright。你對(duì)不對(duì)還得等著瞧。③逗留，不離去(notleave）Theplaneremainedintheground.飛機(jī)還逗留在地面.SheleftbutIremainedbehind.她走了，但是我留下了.theremainingmoney剩下的錢【辨析】remain,stay:remain強(qiáng)調(diào)維持原來(lái)的狀態(tài)，表示“逗留”時(shí)比stay更正式些；stay最普通用語(yǔ)，或長(zhǎng)期或短期，或永遠(yuǎn)或暫時(shí)的停留.Yougo，I’llstayheretillyoucomeback.你去吧，我待在這里直到你回來(lái).Howmanydayswillyouremainhere？你準(zhǔn)備在此待幾天？【詞析】音析:字母組合i在開音節(jié)中讀作形析:形似詞有dive（潛水）義析:tomakesomeoneorsomethinggetintoabadorextremestate,usuallyanemotionalone【典句】Allthisnoiseandbustlewilldrivememad.這一切忙亂會(huì)使我發(fā)瘋。Canyoudrivemetothestation?你能開車送我去車站嗎？Thebadweatherhasdrivenbusinessaway。惡劣的天氣破壞了生意。Itwasherpridethatdrovehertodoit.正是由于自尊心的驅(qū)使，她才那樣做的?！就卣埂縟rive。..off迫使。。。離開；用車把……接走；擊退（敵人或攻勢(shì))drivesb.mad使某人發(fā)瘋drivesb。outofhismind使某人喪失理智bedrivingat意在,打算driveoacorner使某人陷入窘境【詞析】音析：元音字母o在該非重讀音節(jié)中讀作，重音放在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上義析：thesituationinwhichpeopleliveorwork，especiallythephysicalthingsthataffectthequalityoftheirlives【典句】Thatdependsontheconditionofmyhealth.這取決于我的健康狀況。OneoftheconditionsofthejobisthatyouagreetoworkonSaturdays。那份工作的一個(gè)條件是要你同意星期六上班。【拓展】1）ingoodcondition處于良好的狀態(tài)Thesebooksareallingoodcondition.這些書都是完好無(wú)損。2）ononecondition規(guī)定一個(gè)條件Iwillletyougoononecondition.我讓你去，但有個(gè)條件。3）onconditionthat條件是Iwillcomeonconditionthatsheisinvitedtoo。如果邀請(qǐng)她來(lái)，那我就來(lái)。4)onnocondition在任何情況下都不Onnoconditionshouldwetellheraboutit。在任何情況下我們都不能把事情告訴她?！驹~析】音析:前綴un通常讀作，重音放在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上形析:前綴un-（否定）+詞根cover(蓋上）義析:toremovethecoverfromsomething;tofindoutaboutsomethingthathasbeenkeptsecret；discover?！镜渚洹縏hepolicehaveuncoveredaplotagainstthePresident.警方已破獲了一個(gè)謀害總統(tǒng)的陰謀。Byasuddenmovementweuncoveredtheenemy’srightflank。我們采取突然的行動(dòng)攻擊敵人的右翼.【辨析】uncover和discover（發(fā)現(xiàn)）：uncover指發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密、真相等。discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)存在而未為人知的東西或發(fā)現(xiàn)新奇或意外之物。例如：Wediscoveredthemtobecrooks.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們是騙子。Geologistsuncoverhiddenriches。地質(zhì)學(xué)家揭開隱藏的財(cái)寶。Mybrotherdiscoveredacavethathadbeenunknownforyears.我弟弟發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)多年未被人知的洞穴.【詞析】音析：字母組合ee在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀作義析:togivefoodtoapersonoranimal;toprovideenoughfoodforagroupofpeople【典句】Hehasalargefamilytofeed.他要養(yǎng)活一個(gè)大家庭。Howoftendoyourfeedyourdogaday？你一天喂狗幾次？【拓展】feedsb.withsth.=feedsth.tosb。Hefedthefirewithsomelogs.=Hefedsomelogstothefire。他給火添加木柴?！驹~析】音析:字母組合er通常讀作，重音放在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上形析:詞根concern(關(guān)心，擔(dān)心,有關(guān)）+—ed(后綴)義析:worriedaboutsomething;involvedinsomethingoraffectedbyit【典句】Iwasveryconcernedaboutmymother’sillness.我很擔(dān)心母親的病情。I’mconcernedthattheymayhavegotlost.我擔(dān)心他們可能迷路了?！就卣埂縝econcernedwith牽涉到,參與，與……有關(guān)show/expressconcernabout對(duì)……表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)心concernn.＆v.關(guān)心，關(guān)注，關(guān)系；涉及，關(guān)系到asfarasI'mconcerned=inmyopinion就我個(gè)人的看法而言allpartiesconcerned有關(guān)各方carryout實(shí)施,執(zhí)行，進(jìn)行【詞析】義析:dosomethingthatneedstobeorganizedandplanned【典句】Hecarriedouthispromisetoquitsmoking.他實(shí)現(xiàn)了戒煙的諾言.Theseordersmustbecarriedoutatonce.這些命令必須立刻執(zhí)行。It'softeneasiertomakeplansthanitistocarrythemout.做計(jì)劃比執(zhí)行計(jì)劃容易些?！就卣埂縞arryaway運(yùn)走，拿走。carryback運(yùn)回，拿回；使回想起。carryon繼續(xù)開展，進(jìn)行下去。carryoff奪去……的生命;獲得(獎(jiǎng)品等）?！驹~析】音析:字母組合oar通常讀作形析：形似詞有broad（寬的)義析：aflatpieceofwood,plastic,card，etc.thatyouuseforaparticularpurposesuchascuttingthingson,orforplayingindoorgames【典句】Pilesofboardswereputinthecorneroftheyard。院子的拐角處放了一堆堆的木板?！就卣埂縪nboard在船上(飛機(jī)上或火車上）；上船(飛機(jī)或火車)goonboard...登上（船、車或飛機(jī))Ileftthestationaftershewentonboardtrain。她上火車后我才離開車站。Assoonaswewentonboard,thetrainstartedtomove。我們剛上火車，火車就開始動(dòng)了。ontheboard將在會(huì)上討論，ontheboards當(dāng)演員【詞析】音析:字母組合are通常讀作義析:tostateofficiallyandpubliclythataparticularsituationexistsorthatsomethingistrue;announce【典句】Johnwasdeclaredthewinneroftheflight.約翰被宣布為優(yōu)勝者.Shedeclaredthatshedidn’twanttoseehimanymore。她聲稱她再也不想見到他了。Thechairmandeclaredthemeetingopen.主席宣布開會(huì).【辨析】declare，announcedeclare表示公開宣布戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、和平、中立等；announce表示宣布時(shí)，含有“預(yù)告”的意思，用此詞表示個(gè)人要做什么事時(shí),常含有“鄭重其事”的意思。TheChinesegovernmenthastimeandtimeagaindeclaredthatTaiwanbelongstoChina.中國(guó)政府一再聲明臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó).ItwasannouncedthattherewouldbeacelebrationonSunday.據(jù)宣布,星期日要舉行慶祝會(huì)。inmemoryof紀(jì)念【詞析】義析:toremembersomeoneandremindotherpeopleofthemaftertheyhavedied【典句】Thismuseumwasbuiltinmemoryoftheseexplorers。這家博物館是為了紀(jì)念這些探險(xiǎn)者而建的.InmemoryofthemassacrecarriedoutbyJapaninNanjing,thecitizensbuiltamemorialinthecity。為了紀(jì)念日本人犯下的南京大屠殺,市民建立了一座紀(jì)念碑。【詞析】音析：字母組合sion在元音字母后讀作義析:averyconfusingsituation,thatusuallyhasalotofnoiseandaction,sothatitisdifficultforsomeonetounderstanditorcontrolit【典句】Heremainedcalmintheconfusionofbattle.他在戰(zhàn)事的混亂中保持鎮(zhèn)靜。Hisunexpectedarrivedthrewmeintoconfusion。他的突然光臨使我手忙腳亂?！就卣埂縤nconfusion在混亂中bethrownintoconfusion陷入混亂狀態(tài)confusingadj。令人糊涂的，使人混亂的confusedadj。（某人）糊涂的，搞混亂的confusevt.使混亂,使糊涂confuse。..with.。。把……和……弄混【詞析】音析：后綴ing的讀音為形析：詞根fight（戰(zhàn)斗）+—ing（后綴)義析:whenpeopleorgroupsfighteachotherinawar,inthestreet，etc。;war，battle【典句】Hewaswoundedinthefighting。他在戰(zhàn)斗中受了傷?！就卣埂縡ightfor，fightagainst，fightwith:fightfor為（事業(yè)、自由、真理等）而斗爭(zhēng)fightagainst與……戰(zhàn)斗fightwith同……并肩作戰(zhàn)【詞析】音析:元音字母u在此發(fā)短音義析：toaffectthewaysomeoneorsomethingdevelops，behaves，thinks，etc.withoutdirectlyforcingororderingthem【典句】Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyscience。我的老師對(duì)我學(xué)理科的決定起了影響作用.Theweatherinfluencescrops。天氣影響農(nóng)作物。Theinfluenceofparentsontheirchildrenisgreat.父母對(duì)孩子有很大的影響力。Sheisawomanofsomeinfluenceingovernmentcircles。她是一位在政府有很大的影響力的女子?！就卣埂縣aveaninfluenced/effectonsb。/sth。對(duì)人/事產(chǎn)生影響【詞析】音析：元音字母i在開音節(jié)中讀作形析:形近詞union（聯(lián)合）義析:jointogetherinordertoachievesomething【典句】Thetwopartieshaveunitedtofromacoalition.這兩黨已結(jié)成聯(lián)盟。Weshoulduniteinfightingpovertyanddisease。我們應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)為清除貧困和疾病而斗爭(zhēng)。【辨析】unite，joinunite指把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的事物聯(lián)合起來(lái)成為一個(gè)整體，使之失去原來(lái)部分的或全部的獨(dú)立性而統(tǒng)一，因此更注重結(jié)果的一致性。join強(qiáng)調(diào)原來(lái)被連接的對(duì)象的分離性,至于接合或聯(lián)合之后是否堅(jiān)固持久也未予指出?！驹~析】音析：字母組合ow在此讀作,重音放在最后一個(gè)音節(jié)上形析：前綴over（在之上)+詞根throw（扔）義析:toremovealeaderorgovernmentfrompower,especiallybyforce【典句】Thepeopleroseupandoverthrewthecruelgovernment。人們舉行起義，推翻了殘暴的政府.【詞析】音析：元音字母o在開音節(jié)中讀作義析：poemsingeneral,ortheartofwritingthem【典句】Sheisgoodatwritinglyricpoetry。她擅長(zhǎng)寫抒情詩(shī)?！颈嫖觥縫oetry和poempoetry是集合用法，是詩(shī)歌的總稱，poem具體指某一首詩(shī).ManypeoplelikethepoetryofLiBai。許多人喜歡李白的詩(shī)歌。Nowlet’sreadapoembyLiBai.現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)讀李白的一首詩(shī)?！驹~析】音析：元音字母a在重讀閉音節(jié)中發(fā)音，重音放在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上形析：詞根similar(形容詞：類似的，相似的)+后綴—ity義析:likeness,stateofbeingsimilar【典句】Idon'tthinkthere’reanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwopictures.我認(rèn)為這兩幅圖沒什么相似之處。【拓展】similaradj。類似的，相似的besimilarto。.。與……相似Yousituationissimilartomine.你的處境與我的相似。Theproductsofthesetwofactoriesaresimilar.這兩家工廠的產(chǎn)品很相似。MywifeandIhavesimilartastesinmusic.我妻子和我對(duì)音樂有相似的愛好【辨析】similar，like,alikesimilar指有明顯的共同性質(zhì)但不完全一致或一樣。like指事物在外貌性質(zhì)或特征上非常相似以至難以區(qū)別開，但并非同一.alike意思同like,但只能作表語(yǔ)。Asimilarmistakeoccursattheendoftheparagraph.這一段末尾有一個(gè)類似的錯(cuò)誤.Likethinkingproduceslikeideas.相似的思維產(chǎn)生相似的主張。Heandhisbrotherareveryalike。他們兄弟倆太相似了。【詞析】音析：元音字母a在開音節(jié)中通常讀作形析：形近詞train（訓(xùn)練,火車)義析：theactivityofbuying，selling，orexchanginggoodswithinacountryorbetweencountries【典句】Tradeisveryhard.貿(mào)易很不景氣.Wearedoingabriskforeigntradeinteaandsilk.我們絲、茶的出口貿(mào)易很活躍.Mr.Canontradesinfurs.卡農(nóng)先生經(jīng)營(yíng)皮貨.【拓展】tradev.經(jīng)商，貿(mào)易；交易，交換；做生意（with)Chinesenowtradeswithmanycountriesintheworld.中國(guó)現(xiàn)在與世界上許多國(guó)家進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。inuse使用中【詞析】義析：amachine,place,etc.thatisbeingused【典句】Thelaboratoryisinuse。實(shí)驗(yàn)室在使用著?！就卣埂縞omeintouse開始被利用make(goo