大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試

2024年12月真題【第一套】公共課部Writing01ListeningComprehension02ReadingComprehension03Translation04題型模塊考察學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)能力、邏輯組織能力與語言綜合應(yīng)用能力考察學(xué)生的理解能力、語言運(yùn)用能力與聽力策略的掌握考察學(xué)生的文本理解能力、推理判斷能力與閱讀策略的掌握考察學(xué)生的詞匯語法等語言能力、邏輯思維能力、文化意識(shí)與翻譯技能的掌握III.ReadingComprehension

考察學(xué)生的文本理解能力、推理判斷能力與閱讀策略的掌握ReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection,Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.SectionCReadingComprehensionQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theweakeningofthehumanconnectiontonaturemightbegoodforeconomicgrowthbutisbadforpeople.Atippingpointwasreachedin2020whenhuman-madematerials—suchassteel,concreteandplastic—werefoundtoweighmorethanalllifeonEarth.Continuingtogrowconcreteforestsratherthanrealonesisshortsighted.SimplybeinginthenearestwoodhassuchhealthbenefitsthattheWoodlandTrustsuccessfullylobbiedforittobeprescribedbydoctors.PassageOneReadingComprehensionYetslippingfrompopularcultureisthewonderandbeautyofthenaturalworld.Foreverythreenature-relatedwordsinhitsongsofthe1950s,researchersfound,therewasonlyslightlymorethanone50yearslater.Itisnotamomenttoosoonthatteenagerswillbeabletotakeanaturalhistorytest,giventhatfordecadeschildrenhavebeenabletonamemorevideogamecharactersthanwildlifespecies.Partofremedyingthissocialdiseasewouldbeforparliamenttopassa“righttogrow"law,allowinganyonetoturnunderusedpublicspacesintovegetableandfruitgardens.Theideaisforpeopletogetbackintouchwiththesoil-whileproducingfoodsustainably.ReadingComprehensionVegetableplantinghasarespectabletradition.InApril1649,localsrespondedtohighpricesandfoodshortagesbycultivatingvegetablesoncommonlandinSouthernEngland.Thepracticeofthrowingseedbombstoturnvacantplotsoflandgreentookoffin1970sNewYork,andhasbeenrevived(使復(fù)活)bygreen-thumbed(有園藝才能的)socialmediainfluencerswhodefylocalUSregulationsinawaronuglyspotsincities.Apartfromtheurgenttaskofprovidingmorehealthynutrientstothosewhoincreasinglycan'taffordthem,publiclyaccessiblefruitandvegetablegardensconnectwhatweeattowhereitcomesfrom-themeansofproduction,ifyouwill.Theycanmakeunlovelyspaceslovely,andmarryuseandbeautyaswellashelppromoteasenseofcommunity.Plantsarealso,ofcourse,ourfirstdefenceagainstspecieslossandclimatechange.Suchplantingisasmallstepforhumanity-intherightdirection.ReadingComprehension46.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoemphasiseinthefirstparagraph?A)Theyear2020wasabigturningpointinhumanhistory.B)Economicgrowthbenefitspeoplelittleinthelongrun.C)Itisunwisetoweakenthehumanconnectiontonature.D)Itisharmfultomankindtousehuman-madematerials47.Whatdidresearchersfindaboutpopularculture?A)Itisincreasinglydetachedfromthenaturalworld.B)Itisfilledwithallkindsofvideogamecharacters.C)Itisespeciallyappealingtothetasteofteenagers.D)Itisstillimpactedbythehitsongsofthe1950s.ReadingComprehension48.Whatdoestheauthorproposepeopledo?A)Takemeasurestoensuresustainablefooddevelopment.B)Reconnectwithnaturethroughtherighttogrow.C)Standbytheparliamentinfightingsocialdiseases.D)Coverpublicspaceswithfruittreesandvegetableplants.49.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutvegetableplanting?A)Itallstartedin1649inSouthernEngland.B)ItisprotectedbyUSgovernmentregulations.C)Ithaslongbeenusedtoincreasefoodsupplyandimproveurbanlandscape.D)Ithasbeenpopularisedworldwidewiththeincreasinginfluenceofsocialmedia.ReadingComprehension50.Whatcanpubliclyaccessiblefruitandvegetablegardensdoapartfromtheirpracticalfunctions?A)Raisepeople'senvironmentalawareness.B)Addtothegreatvarietyofplantspecies.C)Actasthefirstdefenceagainstnaturaldisasters.D)Enhancepeople'scommunityspirit.高頻詞匯weakeningn.削弱，減弱connectionn.聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)concreten.混凝土shortsightedadv.目光短淺的lobbyvi.游說prescribevt.開處方slipfrom

從…滑落，

從……中溜走wondern.奇觀slightlyadv.略微speciesn.物種remedyvt.補(bǔ)救parliamentn.議會(huì)underused

adj.未充分利用的sustainably

adv.可持續(xù)址respectable

adv.值得尊敬的shortage

n.短缺cultivate

vt.種植，耕作vacant

adj,空的，未被占用的influencer

n.有影響力的人regulation

n.法規(guī)，規(guī)則

，規(guī)章nutrient

n.營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，養(yǎng)分accessible

adj.可使用的defence

n.防御，防護(hù)ReadingComprehensionQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theweakeningofthehumanconnectiontonaturemightbegoodforeconomicgrowthbutisbadforpeople.Atippingpointwasreachedin2020whenhuman-madematerials—suchassteel,concreteandplastic—werefoundtoweighmorethanalllifeonEarth.Continuingtogrowconcreteforestsratherthanrealonesisshortsighted.SimplybeinginthenearestwoodhassuchhealthbenefitsthattheWoodlandTrustsuccessfullylobbiedforittobeprescribedbydoctors.PassageOne

人類與自然聯(lián)系的弱化可能有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，但對(duì)人類不利。2020年，當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)鋼筋、混凝土和塑料等人造材料的重量超過地球上所有生命的重量時(shí)，這種弱化就達(dá)到了一個(gè)臨界點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)種植混凝土森林而不是真正的森林是一種短視行為。僅僅是身處最近的樹林中就對(duì)健康大有益，因此林地信托基金成功游說醫(yī)生將其列為處方。4646ReadingComprehension46.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoemphasiseinthefirstparagraph?A)Theyear2020wasabigturningpointinhumanhistory.B)Economicgrowthbenefitspeoplelittleinthelongrun.C)Itisunwisetoweakenthehumanconnectiontonature.D)Itisharmfultomankindtousehuman-madematerials46.作者在第一段中想強(qiáng)調(diào)什么?A)2020年是人類歷史上的一個(gè)重大轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。

B)從長遠(yuǎn)來看，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長對(duì)人們幾乎沒有益處。C)削弱人與自然的聯(lián)系是不明智的。

D)使用人造材料對(duì)人類有害?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞inthefirstparagraph定位到第一段。【解析】文章第一段指出，人類與自然聯(lián)系的弱化可能有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，但對(duì)人類不利。接著提到，2020年，人造材料的總重量超過了地球上所有生物的重量，這凸顯了環(huán)境問題的嚴(yán)重性。第一段圍繞著人類與自然的聯(lián)系弱化這一現(xiàn)象及其不良后果展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)了削弱人類與自然的聯(lián)系是不明智的。選項(xiàng)C與原文意思一致，故為答案。其他三項(xiàng)與原文內(nèi)容不符，可排除。CReadingComprehension

Yetslippingfrompopularcultureisthewonderandbeautyofthenaturalworld.Foreverythreenature-relatedwordsinhitsongsofthe1950s,researchersfound,therewasonlyslightlymorethanone50yearslater.Itisnotamomenttoosoonthatteenagerswillbeabletotakeanaturalhistorytest,giventhatfordecadeschildrenhavebeenabletonamemorevideogamecharactersthanwildlifespecies.

然而，自然界的神奇與美麗卻在大眾文化中逐漸消失。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)50年代的熱門歌曲中，每出現(xiàn)三個(gè)與自然相關(guān)的詞匯，50年后(在熱門歌曲里)與之對(duì)應(yīng)的這類詞匯僅僅是比一個(gè)略多一點(diǎn)?？紤]到幾十年來，孩子們能說出的電子游戲角色的名字比野生動(dòng)物物種的名字還多，現(xiàn)在讓青少年參加自然歷史考試并不算太早。47ReadingComprehension47.Whatdidresearchersfindaboutpopularculture?A)Itisincreasinglydetachedfromthenaturalworld.B)Itisfilledwithallkindsofvideogamecharacters.C)Itisespeciallyappealingtothetasteofteenagers.D)Itisstillimpactedbythehitsongsofthe1950s.47.研究人員對(duì)大眾文化有何發(fā)現(xiàn)?A)它越來越脫離自然界。B)它充斥著各種電子游戲角色C)它特別迎合青少年的口味。D)它仍然受到20世紀(jì)50年代熱門歌曲的影響?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞popularculture可將答案定位到第二段?！窘馕觥康诙问拙渲赋?，自然界的神奇與美麗卻在大眾文化中逐漸消失，隨后對(duì)比了20世紀(jì)50年代熱門歌曲中與自然相關(guān)的詞匯和50年后的情況，以及孩子們能說出更多電子游戲角色而非野生動(dòng)物物種的名字，這些都體現(xiàn)出流行文化與自然界的脫節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A與原文意思一致，故為答案。文章中只提到孩子們能說出更多游戲角色的名字，并非說流行文化充滿游戲角色，可排除B。選項(xiàng)C的內(nèi)容文中未提及，可排除。選項(xiàng)D是利用文中片面信息杜撰的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，可排除。AReadingComprehension

Partofremedyingthissocialdiseasewouldbeforparliamenttopassa“righttogrow”law,allowinganyonetoturnunderusedpublicspacesintovegetableandfruitgardens.Theideaisforpeopletogetbackintouchwiththesoil-whileproducingfoodsustainably.

議會(huì)應(yīng)該通過一項(xiàng)“種植權(quán)”法律，允許任何人將未充分利用的公共空間變成蔬果園，這將是治療這種社會(huì)弊病的部分措施。這一想法的目的是讓人們重新與土地建立聯(lián)系--同時(shí)可持續(xù)地生產(chǎn)食物。48ReadingComprehension48.Whatdoestheauthorproposepeopledo?A)Takemeasurestoensuresustainablefooddevelopment.B)Reconnectwithnaturethroughtherighttogrow.C)Standbytheparliamentinfightingsocialdiseases.D)Coverpublicspaceswithfruittreesandvegetableplants.48.作者建議人們做些什么?A)采取措施確保糧食的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。B)通過種植權(quán)重新與大自然建立聯(lián)系。C)站在議會(huì)一邊，與社會(huì)弊病作斗爭。D)在公共場所種植果樹和蔬菜?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞authorproposepeopledo定位到第三段?！窘馕觥康谌沃赋觯h會(huì)應(yīng)該通過一項(xiàng)“種植權(quán)”的法律，允許任何人將未充分利用的公共空間變成蔬果園,而這一想法的目的是讓人們重新與土地建立聯(lián)系，同時(shí)可持續(xù)地生產(chǎn)食物。選項(xiàng)B是對(duì)該段內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)，符合題意，故為答案。選項(xiàng)A、C、D的說法在文中沒有依據(jù)，可排除。BReadingComprehensionVegetableplantinghasarespectabletradition.InApril1649,localsrespondedtohighpricesandfoodshortagesbycultivatingvegetablesoncommonlandinSouthernEngland.Thepracticeofthrowingseedbombstoturnvacantplotsoflandgreentookoffin1970sNewYork,andhasbeenrevived(使復(fù)活)bygreen-thumbed(有園藝才能的)socialmediainfluencerswhodefylocalUSregulationsinawaronuglyspotsincities.

蔬菜種植有著令人尊敬的傳統(tǒng)。1649年4月，英格蘭南部的當(dāng)?shù)厝藶榱藨?yīng)。對(duì)高物價(jià)和糧食短缺，在公共土地上種植蔬菜。20世紀(jì)70年代，紐約興起了用投擲種子炸彈的方式來綠化空地的做法，現(xiàn)在這種做法又被有園藝才能的社交媒體影響人士復(fù)興，他們不顧美國當(dāng)?shù)氐囊?guī)定，向城市中的丑陋角落宣戰(zhàn)。49ReadingComprehension49.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutvegetableplanting?A)Itallstartedin1649inSouthernEngland.B)ItisprotectedbyUSgovernmentregulations.C)Ithaslongbeenusedtoincreasefoodsupplyandimproveurbanlandscape.D)Ithasbeenpopularisedworldwidewiththeincreasinginfluenceofsocialmedia.49.關(guān)于蔬菜種植，我們從文章中了解到什么?A)它始于1649年的英格蘭南部。B)它受到美國政府法規(guī)的保護(hù)。C)它長期以來被用于增加食物供應(yīng)和改善城市景觀。D)隨著社交媒體影響的不斷擴(kuò)大，它已在全球范圍內(nèi)普及。【定位】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞vegetableplanting定位到第四段。【解析】第四段首先舉出1649年英格蘭南部居民通過種菜應(yīng)對(duì)食物短缺的例子，然后提到20世紀(jì)70年代紐約用投擲種子炸彈的方式來綠化空地的做法，現(xiàn)在這種做法又被有園藝才能的社交媒體影響人士復(fù)興，可見蔬菜種植長期以來被用于增加食物供給以及改善城市景觀。選項(xiàng)C是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)，故為答案。其他三項(xiàng)均與原文不符，可排除。CReadingComprehensionApartfromtheurgenttaskofprovidingmorehealthynutrientstothosewhoincreasinglycan'taffordthem,publiclyaccessiblefruitandvegetablegardensconnectwhatweeattowhereitcomesfrom—themeansofproduction,ifyouwill.Theycanmakeunlovelyspaceslovely,andmarryuseandbeautyaswellashelppromoteasenseofcommunity.Plantsarealso,ofcourse,ourfirstdefenceagainstspecieslossandclimatechange.Suchplantingisasmallstepforhumanity—intherightdirection.

除了為越來越多買不起營養(yǎng)品的人提供更多的健康營養(yǎng)品這一緊迫任務(wù)外，公眾可使用的蔬果園還將我們吃的東西與它的來源--可以說是生產(chǎn)資料--聯(lián)系起來。它們可以讓不可愛的空間變得可愛，將使用和美觀結(jié)合起來，也有助于增強(qiáng)社區(qū)意識(shí)。當(dāng)然，植物也是我們抵御物種損失和氣候變化的第一道防線。這樣的種植是人類朝著正確方向邁出的一小步。50ReadingComprehension50.Whatcanpubliclyaccessiblefruitandvegetablegardensdoapartfromtheirpracticalfunctions?A)Raisepeople'senvironmentalawareness.B)Addtothegreatvarietyofplantspecies.C)Actasthefirstdefenceagainstnaturaldisasters.D)Enhancepeople'scommunityspirit.50.除了實(shí)用功能外，公眾可使用的蔬果園還能做些什么?A)提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。B)增加植物種類的多樣性。C)作為抵御自然災(zāi)害的第一道防線。D)增強(qiáng)人們的社區(qū)精神?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞publiclyaccessiblefruitandvegetablegardens定位到最后一段第三句【解析】最后一段第二句提到公眾可使用的蔬果園可以讓不可愛的空間變得可愛，將使用和美觀結(jié)合起來，并有助于增強(qiáng)社區(qū)意識(shí)。選項(xiàng)D中communityspirit是原文asenseofcommunity的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故選D。選項(xiàng)A和B文中未提及，可排除。本段第三句提到植物是應(yīng)對(duì)物種損失和氣候變化的第一道防線，而非公眾可使用的蔬果園可以作為抵御自然災(zāi)害的第一道防線，C項(xiàng)與原文不符，可排除。DReadingComprehensionQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EngineeringintheU.S.haslongbeenamale-dominatedprofession.Fiftyyearsago,itlookedlikethatmightchange.In1970,thepercentageofwomenmajoringinengineeringwaslessthan1%.In1979,thatnumberwas9%.Manyhopedwomenwouldcontinuetoenterthefieldatthesamerate.Butthat'snotwhathappened.Today,only21%ofengineeringmajorsarewomen,anumberlargelyunchangedsince2000.PassageTwoReadingComprehensionIamahistorianwho,alongwithmycolleagues,surveyed25womenengineerswhograduatedfromcollegeinthe1970s.Thesepioneersreflectedonthechallengestheyfaced-andhadadviceforwomenenteringthefieldtoday.Onesurveytakerexplained,“Thegreatestchallengeformewascontinuingtobelieveinmyself,whenallthemessagesIwasgettingwerethatIwouldneverbetakenseriouslyorpromotedorgivenraisesatthesamerateasmen,whowereclearlylessqualifiedandnotassmartasIwas.”Achemicalengineerwhoworkedinmanufacturingagreed,“"Youhavetoproveyourselfjustbecauseyouarefemale.Andyouhavetoworktwiceashard!”ReadingComprehensionAcivilengineersaid,“Weare'womenengineers.'Peopledon'trefertoamanasa'manengineer'-he‘sanengineer.Weareconstantlyremindedthatwedon'ttrulybelong”Anothercivilengineerstated,“Onmanylevels,you'reneverquiteoneofthegroups.”Womenalsotalkedaboutfamilycaregivingresponsibilities.Aretiredvicepresidentfromamajorchemicalcompanystated,“Youngwomenengineersareonanequalfootinguntiltheyhavechildren,thentheystruggletobalanceworkandfamily-andcompetewithmenwhodon'thavethesamehouseholdresponsibilities.”ReadingComprehensionButovertheyearsthingshavechangedalot.Youngwomenengineersaremoreacceptedmostlybecausetherearejustmoreofthem.Manywomenengineershailedthebenefitsoftheirchosencareer.Aprogrammanagerinmanufacturingstatedthatengineeringisthebestdegree.Amechanicalengineersaid,“Itwillgiveyoutheflexibilitytodoalmostanything.Itisalsosatisfyingtoseetheeffectsofwhatyouhavedone.”ReadingComprehension51.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheengineeringprofessionintheUnitedStates?A)Ithasseenachangeinattitudetowardswomenengineerssince1979.B)Itwitnessedasignificantincreaseinwomenengineersinthe1970s.C)Ithasexperiencedthegradualweakeningofmaledominance.D)Itboastedthelargestnumberofengineeringmajorsin2000.52.Whatdoesonesurveytakersaywashergreatestchallenge?A)Nottofeelsuperiortolessqualifiedmaleengineers.B)Nottotakeseriouslyallthemessagesshewasgetting.C)Nottothinkhighlyofherqualificationswhenpromotedorgivenapayraise.D)Nottoloseself-confidencethoughconstantlydiscouragedorunfairlytreated.ReadingComprehension53.Howdowomenengineersfrequentlyfeelaccordingtothetwocivilengineers?A)Disqualifiedonmanylevels.B)Excludedfromthegroup.C)Overworkedbytheirorganizations.D)Lookeddownuponbymalecolleagues.54.Whatprobablymakesyoungwomenengineersmoreacceptednowadays?A)Theirsuccessingaininganequalfooting.B)Theirabilitytobalanceworkandfamily.C)Thechangeintheirresponsibilities.D)Theincreaseintheirnumber.ReadingComprehension55.Whatcanweconcludeaboutmanyfemaleengineersfromthestatementofamechanicalengineer?A)Theytakegreatprideintheirchosencareer.B)Theyhavereapedthebenefitsofbeingflexible.C)Theyenjoydoingengineeringtothebestdegree.D)Theyhaveprovedcapableofdoingalmostanything.高頻詞匯engineeringn.工程;工程學(xué)dominatev.占主導(dǎo)地位professionn.專業(yè)raten.速度，速率historiann.歷史學(xué)家surveyvt./n.調(diào)查reflectvi.認(rèn)真思考qualifiedadj.有資格的manufacturingn.制造業(yè)civilengineer

土木工程師constantlyadv.持續(xù)不斷地，經(jīng)常地remindvt.提醒，使想起statevt.陳述responsibilityn.責(zé)任footingn.地位householdadj家庭的mechanicaladj,機(jī)械方面的flexibilityn.靈活性satisfyingadj.令人滿意的ReadingComprehensionQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EngineeringintheU.S.haslongbeenamale-dominatedprofession.Fiftyyearsago,itlookedlikethatmightchange.

In1970,thepercentageofwomenmajoringinengineeringwaslessthan1%.In1979,thatnumberwas9%.Manyhopedwomenwouldcontinuetoenterthefieldatthesamerate.Butthat'snotwhathappened.Today,only21%ofengineeringmajorsarewomen,anumberlargelyunchangedsince2000.PassageTwo

長期以來，美國的工程職業(yè)一直由男性主導(dǎo)。50年前，這種情況似乎有可能改變。1970年，主修工程學(xué)的女性比例不到1%。1979年,這一數(shù)字達(dá)到了9%。許多人希望女性能繼續(xù)以同樣的速度進(jìn)入這一領(lǐng)域。但事實(shí)并非如此。如今，只有21%的工程專業(yè)學(xué)生是女性，這個(gè)數(shù)字自2000年以來基本沒有變化。51ReadingComprehension51.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheengineeringprofessionintheUnitedStates?A)Ithasseenachangeinattitudetowardswomenengineerssince1979.B)Itwitnessedasignificantincreaseinwomenengineersinthe1970s.C)Ithasexperiencedthegradualweakeningofmaledominance.D)Itboastedthelargestnumberofengineeringmajorsin2000.51.關(guān)于美國的工程職業(yè)，文章說了些什么?A)自1979年以來，人們對(duì)女工程師的態(tài)度發(fā)生了變化。B)20世紀(jì)70年代，女工程師人數(shù)大幅增加。C)工程職業(yè)經(jīng)歷了男性主導(dǎo)地位的逐漸削弱D)2000年，美國擁有的工程專業(yè)學(xué)生最多?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞engineeringprofessionintheUnitedStates定位到文章前兩段。【解析】文章第一段指出，美國的工程職業(yè)長期以來由男性主導(dǎo)，接著第二段提到在1970年女性主修工程學(xué)的比例不到1%，到1979年這一數(shù)字達(dá)到了9%，這說明在20世紀(jì)70年代女性工程師數(shù)量有顯著的增加。B項(xiàng)與原文表述一致，故為答案。其他三項(xiàng)均與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。BReadingComprehensionIamahistorianwho,alongwithmycolleagues,surveyed25womenengineerswhograduatedfromcollegeinthe1970s.Thesepioneersreflectedonthechallengestheyfaced-andhadadviceforwomenenteringthefieldtoday.Onesurveytakerexplained,“Thegreatestchallengeformewascontinuingtobelieveinmyself,whenallthemessagesIwasgettingwerethatIwouldneverbetakenseriouslyorpromotedorgivenraisesatthesamerateasmen,whowereclearlylessqualifiedandnotassmartasIwas.”

我是一名歷史學(xué)家，我和同事對(duì)251名在20世紀(jì)70年代大學(xué)畢業(yè)的女性工程師進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。這些先驅(qū)們回顧了她們所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，并對(duì)今天進(jìn)人這一領(lǐng)域的女性提出了建議。

一位接受調(diào)查的人解說:“對(duì)我來說，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是，在我得到的所有信息都表明，我受到重視、得到晉升或加薪的速度永遠(yuǎn)趕不上顯然不如我有資格、也不如我聰明的男性的時(shí)候，繼續(xù)相信自己?！?2ReadingComprehension52.Whatdoesonesurveytakersaywashergreatestchallenge?A)Nottofeelsuperiortolessqualifiedmaleengineers.B)Nottotakeseriouslyallthemessagesshewasgetting.C)Nottothinkhighlyofherqualificationswhenpromotedorgivenapayraise.D)Nottoloseself-confidencethoughconstantlydiscouragedorunfairlytreated.52.一位受訪者說她最大的挑戰(zhàn)是什么?A)不要覺得自己比資質(zhì)較低的男性工程師優(yōu)越。B)不認(rèn)真對(duì)待她收到的所有信息。C)在晉升或加薪時(shí)，不要自視甚高。D)即使經(jīng)常受到挫折或不公平對(duì)待，也不能失去自信。【定位】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞onesurveytake和greatestchallenge定位到第四段?！窘馕觥康谒亩我龅囊晃皇茉L者的原話中提到，在她收到的所有信息都是關(guān)于自己受重視、獲得晉升或加薪的速度永遠(yuǎn)也趕不上顯然不如自己有資格、也不如自己聰明的男性時(shí)，她最大的挑戰(zhàn)是要繼續(xù)相信自己。也就是說，她最大的挑戰(zhàn)是即使經(jīng)常受到挫折或不公平對(duì)待，也不能失去自信。D項(xiàng)與原文一致，故為答案。選項(xiàng)A和B文中未提及，可排除。原文中表達(dá)的是在收到不利消息時(shí)仍保持自信，C項(xiàng)與原文不符，故排除。DReadingComprehension

Achemicalengineerwhoworkedinmanufacturingagreed,“"Youhavetoproveyourselfjustbecauseyouarefemale.Andyouhavetoworktwiceashard!”Acivilengineersaid,“Weare'womenengineers.'Peopledon'trefertoamanasa'manengineer'-he‘sanengineer.Weareconstantlyremindedthatwedon'ttrulybelong”Anothercivilengineerstated,“Onmanylevels,you'reneverquiteoneofthegroups.”

一位在制造業(yè)工作的化學(xué)工程師也認(rèn)為:“你必須證明自己，就因?yàn)槟闶桥?。你必須加倍努力工?”

一位土木工程師說:“我們是'女工程師’。人們不會(huì)把男人稱為'男工程師’-(只會(huì)說)他是工程師。我們經(jīng)常被提醒，我們并不真正屬于這個(gè)群體?！绷硪晃煌聊竟こ處熣f:“在很多層面上，你永遠(yuǎn)都不是這個(gè)群體中的一員”53ReadingComprehension53.Howdowomenengineersfrequentlyfeelaccordingtothetwocivilengineers?A)Disqualifiedonmanylevels.B)Excludedfromthegroup.C)Overworkedbytheirorganizations.D)Lookeddownuponbymalecolleagues.53.根據(jù)這兩位土木工程師的說法，女工程師經(jīng)常會(huì)有什么感覺?A)在很多層面上都不合格。B)被團(tuán)體排斥。C)所在組織安排的工作過多。D)被男同事瞧不起?！径ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞twocivilengineers定位到第六段?！窘馕觥康诹沃刑岬剑晃煌聊竟こ處熣f人們稱呼她們是“女工程師”，而男性不會(huì)被稱為“男工程師”，感覺自己不屬于這個(gè)群體，另一位土木工程師也提到在很多層面上自己從來都不是其中的一員。這都體現(xiàn)出她們感覺自己被排除在群體之外。B項(xiàng)符合原文，故為答案。其他三項(xiàng)文中均未提及，故排除。BReadingComprehensionWomena