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DIFFERENTCULTURESBook1UnitEIGHTProject1PreliminaryExploration:DiscoveringbySearchingProject2SubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningProject3InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingProject4LanguageExploration:UseandUsageProject5FurtherExploration:InteractionsProject6Follow-upExploration:LanguageandCultureTask1SearchingSearchtofindevidencesthatmakeyoufeelculturallyproudof.PreliminaryExploration:DiscoveringbySearchingTask2TeamworkingDiscussyourfindingswithyourstudygroupandprepareaPowerPointpresentationofthefindingsinthegroupdiscussion.PreliminaryExploration:DiscoveringbySearchingPreliminaryExploration:DiscoveringbySearchingTask3PresentingMakeaPowerPointpresentationtoshareyourfindingsinclassaccordingtotheteacher’sinstruction.SubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningTask1Word-attackingListentothefollowingwordsandexpressionsandrepeataftertherecording.SubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningTask2Gap-fillingListentothepassageandfillintheblankswiththewordsandexpressionsyouhavejustheard.ThecultureofSouthAfricaisknownforitsethnicandcultural1)_________.TheSouthAfricanmajoritystillhasasubstantialnumberofruralinhabitantswholeadlargely2)_____________lives.Itisamongthesepeople,however,thatculturaltraditionssurvivemoststrongly;asSouthAfricanshavebecomeincreasingly3)__________andwesternized,aspectsoftraditionalculturehavedeclined.UrbanSouthAfricansusuallyspeakEnglishorAfrikaansinadditiontotheir4)______________.TherearesmallerbutstillsignificantgroupsofspeakersofKhoisanlanguages,notincludedintheelevenofficiallanguages,butareoneoftheeightother5)__________________languages.Therearesmallgroupsofspeakersoftheendangeredlanguages,mostofwhicharefromtheKhoisanfamilyandhavenoofficialstatus.SomegroupswithinSouthAfricaareattemptingtopromotetheiruseand6)_______.Membersofmiddleclass,whoarepredominantlywhitebutwhoseranksincludegrowingnumbersofpeopleofcolor,havelifestylessimilarinmanyrespectstothatofpeoplefoundinWesternEurope,NorthAmericaandAustralia.Membersofthemiddleclassoftenstudyandworkabroadforgreater7)_________tothemarketsoftheworld.IndianSouthAfricanspreservetheir8)_______________,languagesandreligiousbeliefs,beingeitherChristian,HinduorMuslimandspeakingEnglish,withIndianlanguagesassecondlanguages.Apost-apartheidwaveofSouthAsian(includingPakistani)9)____________hasalsoinfluencedSouthAfricanIndianculture.ThereisamuchsmallerChineseSouthAfricancommunity,10)___________earlyimmigrants,apartheid-eraimmigrantsfromTaiwan,China,andpost-apartheidimmigrantsfrommainlandChina.Referencediversityimpoverishedurbanizednativelanguageofficially-recognizedrevivalexposureculturalheritageimmigrationmadeupofSubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningTask3InferringListencarefullyanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalsebasedontheinformationyouhavejustheard.FalseThemagneticcompasshasbeendescribedas“themostusedandmostsuccessfuldirection-findingtoolonEarth.”NavigationwastheprimaryuseforthecompassinancientChina.Nowadays,almosteveryformoftransportacrosstheworldusesacompass.Beforetheinventionofthecompass,boatshadtousecoastalfeaturestofindtheirwayaround.ThemagneticcompassreachedEuropeafteritwasinventedover1,000yearslater.Columbususedamagneticcompassonhistrans-AtlantictriptoChina.TureFalseTureTureTureReferenceSubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningTask4RetellingWatchthevideoandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhaveobtainedfromit,thenretellwhatthespeakersays.TopFiveFestivalsinChinaI.Top5:Tomb-sweepingDayorAncestor’sDayItiscelebratedonthefirstdayofthefifthsolartermofthetraditionalChinesecalendarwhichisaroundApril.Chinesegotovisittheirancestors’gravestopray,1)________________andofferfoodtoshowrespect.ItcamefromthestoryaboutJieZitui.II.Top4:2)___________________Itiscelebratedeveryyearon3)____________________________accordingtothelunarcalendar.Itcamefromthestoryabout4)__________.Now,5)___________________isheldeveryyearwhenthefestivaliscelebrated.III.Top3:LanternFestivalThefestivalmarksthefinaldayoftheChineseNewYearandiscelebratedin6)_________________.Duringthefestival,peoplewill7)_____________,whichcansymbolizethatyouarelettinggoofyouroldselfand8)______________.sweepthetombsReferenceVideoDragonBoatFestivalthefifthdayofthefifthmonthQuYuanthedragonboatraceFebruaryorMarchlightlanternsstartingfreshSubsequentExploration:DiscoveringbyListeningTask4RetellingWatchthevideoandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhaveobtainedfromit,thenretellwhatthespeakersays.TopFiveFestivalsinChinaIV.Top2:9)___________________Itisaharvestfestivalheldonthe15thdayofthe8thmonthofthelunarcalendar,anditoftenfallsinSeptemberorOctober.Nowadays,tocelebratethefestival,friendsandfamilygettogetherand10)________________________________________.V.Top1:SpringFestivalItiscelebratedeveryyearattheturnofthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Thetrainsarepackedwithpeopleheadinghometoseefamily.Chinesepeople11)______________________________,alsocalledHongbao,withmoneyinsidetogivetotheirlovedones.Chinesepeoplewilldecoratetheirdoorswithredpaper-cutswishingtheirfamilygoodfortuneandhappiness.Familieswilleattogetherand12)_______________.Mid-AutumnFestivalReferenceVideoeatmooncakeswhilewatchingthefullmoonbringpresentsandredenvelopeslightfirecrackersInsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask1Word-attackingListentothefollowingwordsandexpressionsandrepeataftertherecording.anchor/???k?(r)/ n.支柱；靠山inexhaustible/??n?ɡ?z?:st?bl/adj.用不完的；不知疲倦的tapestry/?t?p?stri n.織錦；掛毯；繡帷archaeology/?ɑ:ki??l?d?i n.考古學(xué)cradle/?kre?d(?)l/ n.搖籃；發(fā)源地forebear/?f?:be?(r)/ n.祖先；祖宗enrich/?n?r?t? v.使充實(shí)；使豐富hydraulic/ha??dr?l?k adj.（通過水管等）液壓的；水利的astronomy/??str?n?mi n.天文學(xué)reciprocal/r??s?pr?k(?)l/ adj.相互的；互惠的institutional/??nst??tju:??nl/adj.機(jī)構(gòu)的；制度的lacquerware/?l?k??we? n.漆器porcelain/?p?:s?l?n n.瓷；瓷器overthecourseof 在……過程中essence/?es(?)ns/ n.本質(zhì)，要素inception/?n?sep?n n.（機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的）開端，創(chuàng)始borne/b?:n v.忍受；肩負(fù)undying/?n?da??? adj.永恒的；不朽的；不死的everlasting/?ev??lɑ:st?? adj.永恒的；接連不斷的rejuvenation/r??d?u:v??ne??n n.恢復(fù)青春，恢復(fù)活力breakthrough/?bre?kθru:/ n.突破，重大進(jìn)展vibrant/?va?br?nt adj.充滿活力的，生機(jī)勃勃的cohesiveness/k???hi:s?vn?s/n.凝聚力；粘結(jié)性；內(nèi)聚力leverage/?li:v?r?d? v.充分利用（資源、觀點(diǎn)等）contemporary/k?n?tempr?ri/adj.當(dāng)代的，現(xiàn)代的breadth/bredθ/ n.寬度；廣泛性u(píng)nparalleled/?n?p?r?leld adj.無與倫比的；前所未有的InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask2PredictingThinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandtrytoanswerthembeforereading.1.Whatisculturalself-confidenceinyoureyes?2.CanyoulistsomegreatinventionsinbothancientandmodernChina?3.HowwouldyouintroduceChineseculturetotheworld?InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingPassageABolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceAllofanation’spursuitsareanchoredinitshistory.The5,000-year-oldChinesecivilizationservesasaninexhaustiblefountainofenergyfortheChinesepeopleandthesourceofourconfidenceandprideasanation.ThemagnificentanddiversetapestryoftheChinesecivilizationEventhehighesttreesgrowfromroots,andeventhelongestriversflowfromasource.SowherearetherootsoftheChinesenation,andwhatisitssource?HowdidtheChinesecivilizationcometobe,andhowhasthethreadofitshistoryreachedtoday?ManymajordiscoveriesabouttheoriginsoftheChinesenationandcivilizationhavebeenmadesincethebirthofmodernarchaeologyinChina.SomeexamplesaretheYangshaositeinMianchi,theruinsofYininAnyang,theBanpositeinXi’an,theDawenkousiteinTai’an,theTerracottaArmyoftheFirstEmperorofQin,etc.Theseachievementshavetracedthepathofhistory,increaseditsreliability,enricheditsmeaning,andbroughtittolife.Translationanchoredinexhaustiblethesourceofenrichedanchorn.支柱；靠山；基石Thistreatyhasbeencalledtheanchor(=strongestpart)oftheirforeignpolicy.該條約被稱作是他們外交政策的基石。inexhaustibleadj.用不完的；不知疲倦的Webelievefirmlyintheinexhaustiblecreativepowerofthemasses.我們堅(jiān)信群眾的創(chuàng)造力是無窮無盡的。thesourceof……的來源/根源Expertsaretryingtotrackdownthesourceofthecontaminationinthewatersupply.專家們正試圖找到水源中污染物的來源。enrichv.使充實(shí)，使豐富；Whileimprovingmaterialwell-being,weshouldalsoenrichourspirituallife.我們?cè)诟纳莆镔|(zhì)生活的同時(shí)，也要充實(shí)精神生活。為文化自信提供支撐一個(gè)民族的歷史是一個(gè)民族安身立命的重要基石。5000多年的中華文明，是中華民族生生不息的力量源泉，是中華民族自信心與自豪感的深厚底氣。華夏文明絢麗多彩樹再高也有根，河再長(zhǎng)也有源。那么，中華民族的根在哪里，源在哪里？中華文明是如何形成的，它的歷史脈絡(luò)又是如何延續(xù)到今天的？中國(guó)現(xiàn)代考古學(xué)誕生以來，做出了許多有關(guān)中華民族和文明起源的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。如澠池仰韶遺址、安陽殷墟、西安半坡遺址、泰安大汶口遺址、秦始皇兵馬俑等等。這些成就，追溯了歷史的軌跡，增加了歷史的可靠性，豐富了歷史的內(nèi)涵，賦予了歷史的生命力。InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingPassageABolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceIllustratingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilizationandthehistoricalpathofitsdevelopmentArchaeologicaldiscoverieshaveproventhatChina’shistoryincludesmillionsofyearsofhumanity,10,000yearsofculture,and5,000yearsofcivilization.Makingfrequentuseofthewords“earliest”and“most,”PresidentXiJinpinghasilluminatedthegreatsignificanceofthelatestarchaeologicalachievements:ourcountryisthecradleofhumanityintheEast,andalongwithAfricaiswheretheearliesthumansoriginated.ThePekingManhadtheabilitytomakefire500,000yearsago,oneoftheearliestexamplesofthisintheworld.Asearlyas10,000yearsago,ourforebearswereplantingmilletandrice,meaningthatagricultureappearedherearoundthesametimeasitdidinWestAsiaandNorthAfrica.Chineseinventionssuchasmusicalinstrumentsanddugoutcanoes,aswellasdiscoveriesinfieldsincludinghydraulicengineeringandastronomywerealsoamongtheearliestintheworld.Translationcradleforebearscradlen.搖籃；發(fā)源地GreeceisthecradleofWesterncivilization.希臘是西方文明的搖籃。forebearn.祖先；祖宗Ourforebearmighteventeachusafewoldtricksthatcouldbeusedtohelptheliving.祖先甚至可以教我們一些有助于生活的古老竅門。闡釋中華文明的起源及其發(fā)展的歷史軌跡考古發(fā)現(xiàn)證明，中國(guó)的歷史包括數(shù)百萬年的人類史、1萬年的文化史和5000年的文明史。習(xí)近平主席多次使用“最早”和“最多”來闡明最新考古成果的重大意義：我國(guó)是東方人類的搖籃，與非洲一起是人類最早的發(fā)源地。北京人在50萬年前就會(huì)生火，這是世界上最早用火的例證之一。早在一萬年前，我們的祖先就開始種植谷子和水稻，這意味著農(nóng)業(yè)在這里出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間幾乎與西亞和北非同步。中國(guó)的樂器和獨(dú)木舟，以及在水利工程和天文學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的發(fā)現(xiàn)，也是世界上最早的發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)。InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingPassageABolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceRevealingtheChinesecivilization’sgreatcontributionstotheworldChinaistheonlycivilizationintheworldthathascarriedonunbrokenfromancienttimestothepresent.Overitslonghistory,Chinawasabletointeractwithotherworldcivilizationsthroughvariouschannels,includingthewestwardspreadofmillet,theeastwardspreadofwheatandmetallurgy,andtheSilkRoad,andintheprocesstheyengagedinreciprocalexchangesandlearnedfromeachother.Chinashareditsprofoundsystemofthought,itsabundantachievementsinscience,technology,culture,andart,anditsuniqueinstitutionalinnovationswiththeworld,therebyprovidingavigorouspushtotheprogressofhumancivilization.Onthe“FourGreatInventions”(thecompass,gunpowder,papermaking,andprinting),aswellasdistinctlyoriginalinnovationslikelacquerware,silk,andporcelain,PresidentXisaid,“ThesegreatachievementshaveillustratedtheoutstandingcontributionsthatChinahasmadetotheprogressofthehumancivilizationoverthecourseofitslonghistory,andexhibitedtheChinesenation’speacefuldisposition,itsinclusivecharacter,anditsviewoftheworldasonebigfamily.”PresidentXisaid,“Theessenceofourconfidenceinourpath,theories,andsystemistheconfidenceinourculture,whichisbaseduponChina’smorethan5,000yearsofheritage.”China’sarcheologicaleffortshave,fromtheirinception,bornetheheavyresponsibilityofexploringourcountry’slonghistoryandboostingconfidenceinournation.Translationcarriedonreciprocalinstitutionaltherebyinnovationsoverthecourseofessenceinceptionbornecarryon繼續(xù)Nexttimewecarryonwithmoretopicsongeneralphilosophy.下次課我們繼續(xù)討論綜合哲學(xué)的更多論題reciprocaladj.相互的；互惠的Thetwocollegeshaveareciprocalarrangementwherebystudentsfromonecollegecanattendclassesattheother.兩所學(xué)院有一項(xiàng)互惠協(xié)定，允許學(xué)生在院際間選課。institutionaladj.機(jī)構(gòu)的；制度的NATOremainstheUnitedStates'chiefinstitutionalanchorinEurope.

北大西洋公約組織仍然是美國(guó)在歐洲的主要支柱機(jī)構(gòu)。therebyadv.因此，從而Regularexercisestrengthenstheheart,therebyreducingtheriskofheartattack.經(jīng)常鍛煉可以增強(qiáng)心臟機(jī)能，從而減少心臟病發(fā)作的危險(xiǎn)。innovationn.新事物，新方法；革新，創(chuàng)新Wemustpromoteoriginality,inspirecreativityandencourageinnovation.我們必須提倡獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新。overthecourseof在……過程中Researchnowshowsthatregularquizzes,shortessays,andotherassignmentsoverthecourseofatermbetterenhancelearningandretention.現(xiàn)在的研究表明，一個(gè)學(xué)期中定期的小測(cè)驗(yàn)、短文和其他作業(yè)能更好地增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)能力和鞏固記憶。essencen.本質(zhì)，要素Theessenceofhisargumentwasthateducationshouldcontinuethroughoutlife.他的觀點(diǎn)的要旨是教育應(yīng)該持續(xù)終生。inceptionn.（機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的）開端；創(chuàng)始Sinceitsinceptionin1968,thecompanyhasbeenattheforefrontofcomputerdevelopment.這家公司自從1968年成立以來一直處于計(jì)算機(jī)開發(fā)的最前沿。bornev.忍受；肩負(fù)（bear的過去分詞）Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.指望當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)能夠承擔(dān)公共教育費(fèi)用增加的部分，這當(dāng)然是不切實(shí)際的。揭示中華文明對(duì)世界的巨大貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)是世界上唯一從古至今綿延不絕的文明。在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史長(zhǎng)河中，中國(guó)通過小米西傳、麥冶東傳、絲綢之路等多種渠道與世界其他文明進(jìn)行交流，相互借鑒。中國(guó)深厚的思想體系、豐富的科技文化藝術(shù)成果和獨(dú)特的制度創(chuàng)新，有力地推動(dòng)了人類文明的進(jìn)步。習(xí)主席在談到指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)等四大發(fā)明，以及漆器、絲綢、瓷器等獨(dú)創(chuàng)性創(chuàng)新時(shí)說，“這些偉大成就展示了中國(guó)在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史進(jìn)程中為人類文明進(jìn)步做出的杰出貢獻(xiàn)，展示了中華民族和平的性格、包容的品格和大家庭世界觀。”習(xí)主席說，“我們對(duì)自己的道路、理論、制度的信心，本質(zhì)上是建立在中國(guó)5000多年歷史遺產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上的文化的信心。”中國(guó)的考古事業(yè)從一開始就肩負(fù)著探索祖國(guó)悠久歷史、增強(qiáng)民族信心的重任。InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingPassageABolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceCarryingforwardourgreatnationalspiritandthebestofourtraditionalculture“ThegreatnationalspiritandthefinetraditionalculturethattheChinesenationhasformedoverthelongcourseofitshistoryarebothitsundyingandeverlastinglegacyandasourceofstrengthfordrivingitsgreatrejuvenation.”Integratingnewrealitiesandfocusingontheobjectiveofcarryingforwardourgreatnationalspiritandthebestofourtraditionalculture,PresidentXihasputforwardthefollowingexplicitrequirementsformakingeffectiveuseofbreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalresearch:First,makethebreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalresearchbetterknownHistoricalartifactsencapsulateawealthofhistoricalandculturalinformation,andcanbringhistoricalscenestolifebeforeoureyes.Theyare,therefore,vibrantmaterialsforteachingpeopleabouthistory.PresidentXisaidthatin-depthhistoricalstudyshouldbeusedtoteachofficials,membersofthepublic,andespeciallyyoungpeopletounderstandandappreciatetheoriginsanddevelopmentoftheChinesecivilization,itsgloriousachievements,anditscontributionstohumancivilizationinordertoconstantlyenhancetheircohesivenessandnationalpride.TranslationCarryingforwardundyingeverlastingrejuvenationbreakthroughscohesivenesscarryforward發(fā)揚(yáng)，弘揚(yáng)；推進(jìn)Wemustcarryforwardandpromotethespiritofpracticality,truth-seekingandcourageininnovation.我們要大力發(fā)揚(yáng)求真務(wù)實(shí)，勇于創(chuàng)新的精神。undyingadj.永恒的；不朽的；不死的Hewroteonepoemwhichensuredhisundyingfame.他寫的一首詩使他永享盛名。everlastingadj.永恒的；接連不斷的Ourfriendshipiseverlasting.我們的友誼地久天長(zhǎng)。rejuvenationn.（組織或體制）恢復(fù)活力；（河流、溪流）回春，更生Withmorescholarscomingbackfromoverseas,andwiththeconcertedeffortsofthewholenation,wehavereasonstoexpectafasterrejuvenationofthiscountry.隨著越來越多的海外學(xué)者回國(guó)，在全國(guó)人民的共同努力下，我們有理由期待這個(gè)國(guó)家更快的復(fù)興。breakthroughn.突破，重大進(jìn)展Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.科學(xué)家們宣稱攻克癌癥已有重大的突破。cohesivenessn.凝聚力；粘結(jié)性；內(nèi)聚力Thelackofcohesionwithinthepartylostthemvotesintheelection.黨內(nèi)缺乏凝聚力使他們?cè)谶x舉中失去了選票。弘揚(yáng)我們偉大的民族精神和我們傳統(tǒng)文化的精華中華民族在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史進(jìn)程中形成的偉大民族精神和優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化，既是中華民族不朽的遺產(chǎn)，也是推動(dòng)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的力量源泉。習(xí)主席結(jié)合新的實(shí)際，著眼于弘揚(yáng)偉大民族精神和弘揚(yáng)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的精華，對(duì)有效利用考古和歷史研究突破提出了以下明確要求：第一，讓考古學(xué)和歷史研究的突破更加深入人心歷史文物蘊(yùn)含著豐富的歷史文化信息，可以將歷史場(chǎng)景展現(xiàn)在我們眼前。因此，它們是引導(dǎo)人們了解歷史的活材料。習(xí)主席說，要通過深入的歷史研究，教育官員、公眾、特別是青少年了解和欣賞中華文明的起源和發(fā)展、中華文明的輝煌成就、中華文明對(duì)人類文明的貢獻(xiàn)，不斷增強(qiáng)凝聚力和民族自豪感。InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingPassageABolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceSecond,effectivelycommunicateChina’shistorytotheworldPresidentXihasstressedthatwemustleverageourbreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalstudyto“showtheinternationalcommunitythedepthandbreadthofChinesecivilization,effectivelyconveythegloriousachievementsandgreatcontributionstohumanitythatourcivilizationhasmade.ByseeingthattheworldunderstandsChina’shistoryandnationalspirit,wecancultivatedeeperawarenessandunderstandingofcontemporaryChina,andfosterapositiveatmosphereininternationalcommunication.”Againsttheceaselesstorrentofhistory,onlytheChinesecivilizationhasstoodfirm.Onthisvastlandofmorethan9.6millionsquarekilometers,withtheaccumulatedexperienceof5,000yearsofcivilization,andthecombinedstrengthofmorethan1.4billionpeople,ChinaiswalkingitsownpathtobuildastrongandmodernsocialistcountryandtorealizetherejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Thebreadthofthestagebeneathus,thedepthofthehistorybehindus,andthestrengthoftheresolvedrivingusforwardareallunparalleled.(922words)Translationleveragecontemporarybreadthunparalleledleveragev.充分利用（資源、觀點(diǎn)等）Wecangainamarketadvantagebyleveragingournetworkofpartners.我們可以借助合伙人網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲得市場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。contemporaryadj.當(dāng)代的，現(xiàn)代的Themuseumcontains6,000contemporaryandmodernartworks.該博物館藏有6000件現(xiàn)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)作品。breadthn.寬度；廣泛性Heshowedanastonishingbreadthoflearningforonesoyoung.他年紀(jì)輕輕就顯示出寬廣的知識(shí)面，很令人吃驚。unparalleledadj.無比的，無雙的

Weareinaperiodofunparalleledeconomicgrowth.我們處于空前的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)時(shí)期。第二，有效地向世界傳播中國(guó)歷史習(xí)主席強(qiáng)調(diào)，我們要利用考古和歷史研究的突破，“向國(guó)際社會(huì)展示中華文明的深度和廣度，有效傳播中華文明取得的輝煌成就和對(duì)人類的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。通過讓世界了解中國(guó)的歷史和民族精神，培養(yǎng)我們自己對(duì)當(dāng)代中國(guó)更深層次的認(rèn)知和理解，并在國(guó)際傳播中營(yíng)造積極氛圍?！睔v史長(zhǎng)河奔流不息，中華文明獨(dú)樹一幟。站立在960多萬平方公里的廣袤土地上，憑借中華民族5000多年奮斗積累的文明，加上14億多中國(guó)人民聚合的磅礴之力，我們走自己的路，建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興。我們腳下的舞臺(tái)無比廣闊，身后的歷史底蘊(yùn)無比深厚，前進(jìn)的定力無比強(qiáng)大！InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask3InferringAnswerthefollowingquestions,usingtheinformationyouhaveobtainedfromPassageA.1.WherearetherootsoftheChinesenation?2.WhycanweclaimthatChinaisthecradleofhumanityintheEast?1.Manymajordiscoveries,suchastheYangshaositeinMianchi,theruinsofYininAnyang,theBanpositeinXi’an,theDawenkousiteinTai’an,theTerracottaArmyoftheFirstEmperorofQin,etc,havebeenmadetoillustratetheoriginsoftheChinesenationandcivilization.2.BecauseChinesepeoplehavemademany‘earliest’discoveriesandinventionsintheancienttimes.Forinstance,thePekingManhadtheabilitytomakefire500,000yearsago.Ourforebearswereplantingmilletandrice,meaningthatagricultureappearedherearoundthesametimeasitdidinWestAsiaandNorthAfrica.Chineseinventionssuchasmusicalinstrumentsanddugoutcanoes,aswellasdiscoveriesinfieldsincludinghydraulicengineeringandastronomywerealsoamongtheearliestintheworld.3.ThroughwhatchannelsChinainteractedwithotherworldcivilizations?3.Thechannelsincludedwestwardspreadofmillet,theeastwardspreadofwheatandmetallurgy,andtheSilkRoad.InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask3InferringAnswerthefollowingquestions,usingtheinformationyouhaveobtainedfromPassageA.4.WhataretheresponsibilitiesofChina’sarcheologicalefforts?5.WhydidPresidentXiadvocatetheeffectiveuseofbreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalresearch?4.China’sarcheologicaleffortshave,fromtheirinception,bornetheheavyresponsibilityofexploringourcountry’slonghistoryandboostingconfidenceinournation.5.Becausehistoricalartifactsencapsulateawealthofhistoricalandculturalinformation,andcanbringhistoricalscenestolifebeforeoureyes.Theyarethereforevibrantmaterialsforteachingpeopleabouthistory.BolsteringtheCulturalSelf-ConfidenceThe5,000-year-oldChinesecivilizationplaysavitalrolefor1)_______________theculturalself-confidenceoftheChinesepeople.●ThemagnificentanddiversetapestryofChinesecivilizationSincethebirthofmodernarchaeology,awealthofmajordiscoverieshavebeenmadetotracetheoriginsoftheChinesenationandcivilization,thepathofhistory,increasedits2)_______________,enricheditsmeaning,andbroughtittolife.●IllustratingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilizationandthehistoricalpathofitsdevelopmentThelatest3)_______________achievementshaveproventhatChinaisthe4)_________ofhumanityintheEast,andalongwithAfricaiswheretheearliesthumans5)_______________.TheChinesewereaheadoftheworldinmanyways.Forinstance,thePekingManhadtheabilitytomakefire500,000yearsago.Ourforebearswereamongtheearliestintheworldtoplantmilletandrice,inventmusicalinstrumentsanddugoutcanoes,anddiscoverhydraulicengineeringandastronomy.InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask4OutliningFillintheblanksoftheoutlineofPassageAwiththewordsorexpressionsfromthepassage.bolsteringreliabilityarchaeologicalcradleoriginatedBolsteringtheCulturalSelf-Confidence●RevealingtheChinesecivilization’sgreatcontributionstotheworldChinaistheonlycivilizationintheworldthathascarriedonunbrokenfromancienttimestothepresent.TheoutstandingcontributionsmadebyChinatotheprogressofthehumancivilizationwereembodiedinthe“FourGreatInventions”andotheroriginalinnovations.AlloftheseexhibitedtheChinesenation’speaceful6)_______________,itsinclusivecharacter,anditsviewoftheworldasonebigfamily.●CarryingforwardourgreatnationalspiritandthebestofourtraditionalculturePresidentXihasputforwardtwoexplicitrequirementsformakingeffectiveuseof7)_____________inarcheologyandhistoricalresearch.First,makethebreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalresearchbetterknown.Second,wemust8)__________ourbreakthroughsinarcheologyandhistoricalstudytoeffectivelycommunicateChina’shistorytotheworld.Chinaiswalkingitsownpathtobuildastrongandmodernsocialistcountryandtorealizethe9)_______________oftheChinesenation.Thebreadthofthestagebeneathus,thedepthofthehistorybehindus,andthestrengthofthe10)_______________drivingusforwardareallunparalleled.InsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask4OutliningFillintheblanksoftheoutlineofPassageAwiththewordsorexpressionsfromthepassage.dispositionbreakthroughsleveragerejuvenationresolveInsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask5SummarizingFillintheblanksofthesummarywiththewordsorexpressionsfromPassageA.ThearticleillustratestherootsandsourceoftheChinesenationandthehistoricalpathofitsdevelopment,andChinesecivilization’sgreatcontributionstotheworld.ManymajordiscoveriesabouttheoriginsoftheChinesenationandcivilizationhave1)_______________ofhistory,increaseditsreliability,2)_______________itsmeaning,and3)_______________life.ThegreatsignificanceofthelatestarchaeologicalachievementshasproventhatourcountryisthecradleofhumanityintheEast.Notably,Chinaistheonlycivilizationintheworldthathascarriedonunbrokenfromancienttimestothepresent.Theinteraction,4)___________________andlearningbetweenChinaandotherworldcivilizations5)_______________theChinesenation’speacefuldisposition,itsinclusivecharacter,anditsviewoftheworldasonebigfamily.Chinasharedits6)_______________systemofthought,its7)_______________achievementsinvariousfields,anditsuniqueinstitutionalinnovationswiththeworld,thereby8)________________________totheprogressofthehumancivilization.ThegreatnationalspiritandthefinetraditionalculturethattheChinesenationhasformedoverthelongcourseofitshistoryarebothits9)_____________________legacyandasourceofstrengthfor10)_________________________.TheaimofChinaistobuildastrongandmodernsocialistcountryandtorealizetherejuvenationoftheChinesenation.tracedthepathenrichedbroughtittolifereciprocalexchangesexhibitedprofoundabundantprovidingavigorouspushundyingandeverlastingdrivingitsgreatrejuvenationInsightExploration:DiscoveringbyReadingTask6TranslatingTranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.PursuingtheSpiritofNiuNiuhasbeenanimportantforceonChinesefarmsforthousandsofyears.Therefore,inChineseculture,Niuisoftenusedtosymbolizeahardworkingandtrustworthyspirit.ThereisafamoussayinginChinese—“AlthoughNiuonlyeatsgrass,itproducesmilk”—whichpraisesNiu’swillingnesstocontribute.Inaddition,apoembythe20th-centuryChinesewriterLuXunbringshomeNiu’sattitudeofservingwithoutcomplaining:“ToathousandpointingfingersIdefywithfiercebrows,andtoyounglingsI’dbefainttobowandserveasaNiu.”Niu’squalities—no-complaints,trustworthiness,unselfishness,andwillingnesstogiveandservethepeople—areexactlythespiritthatweshouldpursueinatimeofuncertainty,anxiety,andfearsamidthecrisis.Translation追求牛的精神幾千年來，牛一直是中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的重要力量，因此，在中國(guó)文化中，牛常被用來表征勤勞守信的精神。中國(guó)有一句名言，牛吃的是草，產(chǎn)出的是奶，贊美牛的奉獻(xiàn)精神。此外，20世紀(jì)中國(guó)作家魯迅的一首詩揭示了牛無怨服務(wù)的態(tài)度，“橫眉冷對(duì)千夫指，俯首甘為孺子牛”。牛的品格——無怨、可靠、無私，甘愿奉獻(xiàn)和為民服務(wù)——這些正是我們?cè)诔錆M不確定、焦慮和恐懼的危機(jī)時(shí)期所應(yīng)追求的精神。LanguageExploration:UseandUsageTask1MatchingMatchthewordsorexpressionsfromPassageAwiththeirChineseequivalents.1.aninexhaustiblefountainofenergy2.Chinesecivilization3.TerracottaArmy4.thecradleofhumanity5.historicalpath6.archaeologicalachievements7.thewestwardspreadofmillet8.boostculturalself-confidence9.overthelongcourseofhistory10.inclusivecharac