專題十一動詞的時(shí)態(tài)專題十一動詞的時(shí)態(tài)知識梳理知識梳理考點(diǎn)一：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.主語＋be動詞(am/is/are)＋其他肯定句：主語+am/is/are+其他.否定句：主語+am/is/arenot+其他.一般疑問句：Am/Is/Are＋主語＋其他?2.主語＋實(shí)義動詞原形/第三人稱單數(shù)＋其他肯定句：主語+動詞原形/第三人稱單數(shù)+其他.否定句：主語+don’t/doesn’t+動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞原形+其他?時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.表示頻率的副詞：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardlyever,never等2.onMonday,onSaturdayevening,inthemorning,everyday,everyweek等短語3.onceaweek,twiceamonth,threetimesayear等表示頻率的短語用法及例句1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)或名言警句Theearthgoesaroundthesun.3.“主將從現(xiàn)”原則：用在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)I’llhaveagoodtimeifIgototheparty.IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinLondon.4.在某些以here,there開頭的句子中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動作Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則1.一般情況，直接在詞尾加swim-leave-2.以-s,-x,-sh,-ch,-o結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加pass-go-3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，study-carry-4.特殊情況have-基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫句子1.Thegirlisastudent.(改為否定句)Thegirl____________astudent.2.TheyareAmericans.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)—________________________Americans?—____________,________________________.3.Jimridesabiketoschooleveryday.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)—____________Jim____________abiketoschooleveryday?—____________,________________________.4.He’sabusdriver.(對畫線部分提問)

________________________he?二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,wewillgotocollectwastewaterforrecycling.2.Everything__________(be)halfpriceinthesupermarkettoday.3.Lindaalways__________(have)somebreadforbreakfast.考點(diǎn)二：一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.主語＋be動詞(was/were)＋其他肯定句：主語+was/were+其他.否定句：主語+was/werenot+其他.一般疑問句：Was/Were＋主語＋其他?2.主語＋實(shí)義動詞過去式＋其他肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他.否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其他?時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞yesterday,lastweek,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,in1990,justnow,attheageof...等用法及例句1.表示過去發(fā)生的或過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)Hevisitedhisgrandparentslastweek.2.有些句子中沒有明確表示過去的時(shí)間狀語，但實(shí)際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過去時(shí)Oh,no!Ileftmybookinthelab.動詞過去式變化規(guī)則1.一般情況，直接在詞尾加plant-play-2.以不發(fā)音-e字母結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加dance-live-3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，study-carry-4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母（“輔元輔”），stop-plan-基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thekite__________(fly)uptothesky.Thechildrenweresohappy.2.I__________(miss)thefirstbusthismorning.3.Nora__________(stick)somedryflowersontothegiftboxandgaveittoherfriend.4.They__________(help)usalotwhenwewereinBeijing.5.MycousinAndrewwantedtolearnmoreaboutDIY,sohe__________(go)toDIYcourseslastmonth.6.Wewalkedintotherestaurantandafriendlywaiter__________(lead)ustoourtable.7.Mybrotherusuallydoeshishomeworkintheevening,buthe__________(notdo)hishomeworklastnight.考點(diǎn)三：一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.主語＋will（shall用于第一人稱）＋動詞原形＋其他（will沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化）肯定句：主語+will/shall+動詞原形+其他.否定句：主語+will/shallnot+動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Will/Shall＋主語＋其他?2.主語＋begoingto＋動詞原形＋其他（be動詞的形式要跟主語保持一致）肯定句：主語+is/am/aregoingto+動原+其他.否定句：主語+is/am/arenotgoingto+動原+其他.一般疑問句：Is/Am/Are+主語+goingto+動原+其他?【特別提醒】Therebe句型的一般將來時(shí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)為“Therewillbe...”或“Thereis/aregoingtobe...”如：Therewillbeafootballmatchnextweek.時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextmonth,soon,inthefuture,in10minutes（in+時(shí)間段，表示“在多久以后”）等用法及例句1.表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動作，其結(jié)構(gòu)常用“will+動詞原形”TheywillgotoBeijingnextweek.2.表示計(jì)劃/打算，或有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事，其結(jié)構(gòu)常用“begoingto+動詞原形”Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.3.表示位移的動詞如go,come,move等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示短時(shí)間內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動作Thetrainiscoming.4.“主將從現(xiàn)”原則：在以if,assoonas,unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí)Iwillgototheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫句子1.TheSmithsaregoingtobuyahousenearthesea.(改為否定句)TheSmiths________________________tobuyahousenearthesea.2.Theywillfinishtheirhomeworkintwohours.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)—____________they____________theirhomeworkintwohours?—____________,________________________.二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.MrGreen__________(visit)theSummerPalacenextFriday.2.Herfather__________(buy)heranicepresentonhernextbirthday.3.I’mwaitingatthestop.I__________(take)abustomyuncle’sfarm.4.Agroupofantsarebusymoving.It__________(rain).5.Ourschool__________(have)asportsmeetingnextweek.考點(diǎn)四：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)主語＋be動詞（am/is/are）＋動詞-ing形式肯定句：主語+is/am/are+doing+其他.否定句：主語+is/am/arenot+doing+其他.一般疑問句：Is/Am/Are+主語+doing＋其他?時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞now,thesedays,Look!,Listen!,rightnow,Canyouhear...等，有的則是通過上下文語境暗示某動作正在進(jìn)行用法及例句1.表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時(shí))正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作HeiswatchingTVnow.2.表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)Weareworkingonafarmthesedays.【注意】有些動詞如表示感覺的感官動詞（see,hear,notice等）和表示態(tài)度、情感、心理狀態(tài)的詞（like,want,hope,know,agree,believe等）沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)如：Doyouhearthenoiseoftheplane?動詞現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則1.一般情況，直接在詞尾加play-read-2.以不發(fā)音-e字母結(jié)尾的，live-write-3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母（“輔元輔”），put-sit-4.以ie結(jié)尾，die-lie-基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫句子1.JackiswatchingTV.(改為否定句)Jack____________watchingTV.2.Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkintheclassroom.(對畫線部分提問)

____________arethey____________intheclassroom?二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Look!Somestudents__________(plant)treesonthehill.2.Look!Sheis__________(talk)withaRussianaboutthepaintinginthemuseum.3.—What’syourmotherdoing?—She’s__________(make)soupinthekitchen.4.Listen!There__________(seem)tobeaghostsingingnotfarfromthewall.5.Look!Thestudents__________(answer)thequestionscarefully.考點(diǎn)五：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)主語＋be動詞（was/were）＋動詞-ing形式肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其他.否定句：主語+was/werenot+doing+其他.一般疑問句：Was/Were+主語+doing＋其他?時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞atthisthistimeyesterday,atthattime,ateightlastnight,以及when,while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，還有的則是通過上下文語境暗示某個(gè)動作在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行用法及例句1.表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動作Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight?2.用在含有when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中Whatwashedoingwhentherainstormcame?WhatwasJennydoingwhileMarywasreading?【注意】1.以when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，從句動作用時(shí)，主句用時(shí)。（表示一個(gè)動作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)動作正在進(jìn)行）2.以while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，主從句的動作都用時(shí)。（從句與主句的動作在過去的某一時(shí)刻同時(shí)進(jìn)行）基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫句子1.Hewaslisteningtomusicatthattime.(改為否定句)He________________________tomusicatthattime.2.Theywereridingbikestoschoolatseveno’clockyesterday.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)—________________________ridingbikestoschoolatseveno’clockyesterday?—____________,________________________.二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.TheSmiths__________(watch)thefilmfromseveno’clocktonineo’clocklastnight.2.MrsGreen__________(cook)breakfastatthetime.3.SomeoneknockedatthedoorwhenI__________(watch)TV.4.I__________(wash)thedisheswhilemysisterwassweepingthefloor.考點(diǎn)六：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)主語＋have/has＋動詞的過去分詞肯定句：主語+have/has+done+其他.否定句：主語+have/hasnot+done+其他.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+done＋其他?時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞already,yet,just,ever,before,sofar,sincethen,inthepast/last...,“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句（一般過去時(shí)）”,“for+時(shí)間段”等用法及例句1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果—Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?—Yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.（我現(xiàn)在不餓了。）2.表示發(fā)生在過去的動作，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用（for＋時(shí)間段或since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句）I’vebeenatthisschoolforovertwoyears.Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisfactory?【注意】在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，如果要與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用，要將短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞。常見短暫性動詞及與之對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞：become→beborrow/lend→keepbuy→havedie→bedeadleave→beawaycome/arrive→beinbegin→beonmarry→bemarried特殊用法havebeento+地點(diǎn)，表示“”（去了，已經(jīng)回來了）TheyhavebeentoBeijingtwice.havegoneto+地點(diǎn)，表示“”（去了，還未回來）TheyhavegonetoBeijing.havebeenin+地點(diǎn)，表示“在某地待了多久”TheyhavebeeninBeijingfor10years.基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1.史密斯老師教英語十年了。MrsSmith________________________Englishfortenyears.2.他們在上海已經(jīng)待十天了。They____________________________________Shanghaifortendays.3.大明去過唐山三次了。Daming____________________________________Tangshanthreetimes.4.他們?nèi)惗亓?三天后回來。They____________________________________Londonandtheywillcomebackinthreedays.二、按要求改寫句子1.Hehasseenthefilm.(改為否定句)He________________________seenthefilm.2.Jackhasboughtthreekilogramsofapples.(對畫線部分提問)

Howmanyapples____________Jack____________?三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Myhometown__________(change)allthetime.Peoplearemuchhappierthanbefore.2.TheMonkeyKinghas__________(excite)thechildrenofChinaformanyyears.3.China__________(win)lotsofhighpraisessinceweturnedthesandintoforests.4.Sandyborrowedthenovelfromthelibrarylastweekand__________(keep)itfor5days.5.Theheavywork__________(influence)hishealthinthepastthreeyears,sohelooksmucholder.6.Mygrandparents__________(marry)forover30yearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuch.7.Betty__________(work)hardsincelastterm.That’swhyherexamresultsaresogood!8.I__________(read)theEnglishnovelfornearlyamonth,butitwilltakemeanotherweektofinishit.真題演練真題演練一、單項(xiàng)選擇（要求：有時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞的勾畫出時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞）1.（2023·遼寧沈陽）Afterthisexam,you________awonderfulholidaynextmonth.Takeiteasy!A．have B．havehad C．had D．willhave2.（2023·遼寧營口）—Lingling,howsoonwillyourbrothercomebackfromabroad?—Hmm,________.A．sinceyesterday B．twiceamonth C．foranhour D．inaweek3.（2023·遼寧營口）Tim________TouchingChinaonCCTVwithhisfamilyfrom8:00to9:00lastSaturdayevening.A．waswatching B．willwatch C．watched D．haswatched4.（2023·湖北鄂州）—WhatdoyouthinkofEzhou,LiMing?—It________alotsincewestartedtobuildHuahuAirport.A．changed B．haschanged C．changes D．ischanging5.（2023·湖北孝感）—Whatdoyouthinkofthenovel,JourneytotheWest?—It’ssoexcitingthatI________itforthreetimes.A．read B．willread C．haveread D．wasreading6.（2023·黑龍江綏化）Idon’tknowifit________sunnytomorrow.Ifit________sunny,Iwillgofishing.A．willbe;is B．is;willbe C．willbe;isgoingtobe7.（2023·廣西）YesterdayI________basketballwithmyclassmates.Wehadagoodtime.A．willplay B．play C．played8.（2023·湖南株洲）Whenmyfriendcalledmeyesterday,I________mymominthekitchen.A．helped B．ishelping C．washelping9.（2023·四川樂山）—Mum,whereisTony?—He________towatchafootballmatch.Hewillbebacklater.A．hasgone B．went