Unit8Literature

Lesson320000LeaguesUndertheSeaHaveyoueverreadanysciencefictions?Whoarethewriters?Whatarethestoriesabout?

TheThreeBodyProblem

(2006)《三體》(byLiuCixin)StarshipTroopers

(1959)《星船傘兵》(byRobertAnsonHeinlein)NineteenEighty-Four(1949)《一九八四》(byGeorgeOrwell)20,000LeaguesUndertheSea(1870)《海底兩萬里》(byJulesVerne)Nowlet'sreadanextractfrom20,000LeaguesUndertheSeabyJulesVerneandlearnwhatthestoryisabout.·

Storiesthattakeplaceinafuturesettingandusually

includeadvancedscientificelementsthatthewriter

thinkswillbepossible.·

Akindofstory,likearomancestoryoracomedystory.Haveyoueverreadanysciencefiction?Whoarethewriters?Whatarethestoriesabout?JulesVerne(1828-1905),aFrenchnovelist,wascalledthe

“FatherofScienceFiction”.

Hewroteawidelypopularseriesofsciencefictions,

includingJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth

(1864)

20,000LeaguesUndertheSea(1870),

andAroundtheWorldinEightyDays(1873).《海底兩萬里》寫于1870年,是凡爾納著名的三部曲中的第二部。這部作品敘述法國博物學(xué)家阿龍納斯教授在海洋深處旅行的故事。故事發(fā)生在1866年,當(dāng)時(shí)海上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只被斷定為獨(dú)角鯨的大怪物。教授接受邀請(qǐng)搭乘林肯號(hào)戰(zhàn)艦參加追捕,在追捕過程中不幸落水,泅到怪物的脊背上。其實(shí)這怪物是一艘當(dāng)時(shí)尚不為人所知的構(gòu)造奇妙的潛水艇。潛艇是船長尼莫在大洋中的一座荒島上秘密建造的,船身堅(jiān)固,利用海洋發(fā)電。尼莫船長邀請(qǐng)阿龍納斯作海底旅行。他們從太平洋出發(fā),經(jīng)過珊瑚島、印度洋、紅海、地中海,進(jìn)入大西洋,看到許多罕見的海洋動(dòng)植物和水中的奇異景象,又經(jīng)歷了擱淺、土著人圍攻、同鯊魚搏斗、冰山封路、章魚襲擊等許多險(xiǎn)情。最后,當(dāng)潛艇到達(dá)挪威海岸時(shí),阿龍納斯不辭而別,把他所知道的海底秘密公布于世。CarefulreadingReadtheextractagain.Ordertheevents(a-f).()aTheprofessorsankandswamtowardstheboat,

cryingforhelp.()bTheprofessorlearntthathewasaboveametal

“island”andthenhewasdrawnintoitbyeight

mencomingfrominside.()cConseilsupportedtheprofessorandstoppedthe

professorfromdrowning.263Readtheextractagain.Ordertheevents(a-f).()dTheprofessor’schestcollapsed,butthenhewoke

upandsawhisfriendNed,theCanadian.()eTherewasacrashandtheprofessor,whowasthe

narrator,fellfromhisboat.()fAhardbodystrucktheprofessor.Heheldontoit

andfeltthathewasbeingdrawnup.514so...that...如此…以至于…，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句①Thecrashwasso

violent

thatIhavenoclearrecollectionof

fallingfromtheboat.MightIhopetobe

saved?Thedarknesswasintense.Isaw

ablackmass

disappearingintheeast.Itwastheboat!Iwaslost.hopetodo希望做fallfrom...

從…掉下撞擊如此猛烈以至于我記不清如何從船上掉下來的。我能期望自己獲救嗎？海下黑沉沉一片。我看到一團(tuán)黑東西在東方消失了。那是我們的船！我被丟下了！todo被動(dòng)：tobedoneseesb/sthdoing看見某人/某物正在...記不清②“Help,help!”Ishouted,swimmingtowardstheboatin

desperation.Iwassinking!Icouldn’tbreathe!“Help!”Mymouthfilledwithwater;Istruggled

against

beingdrawndeeper,deeperdown.SuddenlyIfeltmyselfquicklydrawnuptothesurfaceofthesea;andIheardthesewords:

充滿

...的表面feel＋sb/sth＋done

感到某人被...

與...作斗爭“救命啊，救命啊!”我大喊著，絕望地朝船游去。我正在往下沉！透不過氣了！“救命?。　弊炖锕酀M海水，我掙扎著不被拖得更深。突然，我感覺自己被快速地拉出水面，我聽見有人說:絕望地非謂語：表主動(dòng)

draw—drew—drawn“Ifmasterwouldbesogoodasto

holdontomyshoulder,masterwouldswimwith

muchgreater

ease.”IgrabbedmyfaithfulConseil’sarmwithonehand.更

sogoodastodo請(qǐng)做某事“如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人會(huì)游得輕松很多?！蔽矣靡恢皇肿プ≈移涂等麪柕母觳?。

緊緊抓住輕易地⑦Conseilwascoolandcalm.Nevertheless,oursituationwasnoless

terrible.Nearoneo’clockinthemorning,Isuddenlyfeltterriblytired.Conseilhadtokeep

me

up,andourpreservation

dependedonhimalone.“Leaveme!Leaveme!”Isaidtohim.仍然，同樣leaveme(alone)別管我使…不下沉康賽爾很冷靜。不過，我們的處境仍舊很糟糕。將近凌晨一點(diǎn)，我突然感到非常疲憊。康塞爾不得不托著我，維持我們兩個(gè)人生命的重?fù)?dān)全落在他一人身上?！胺砰_我吧！別管我了！”我對(duì)他說。adj.糟糕的，極度的adv.極度地依靠⑧“Never!”repliedhe.“Iwoulddrownfirst.”“不行！要沉下去也是我先沉?！彼鸬?。Ishouted,swimmingtowardstheboat________________.Iwassinking!Icouldn’t_____________!Mymouth______________water;I_________________beingdrawndeeper,deeperdown.Ifeltmyselfquickly_________uptothesurfaceofthesea;"I"Howdid"I"behavebefore"I"wassaved?indesperationbreathefilledwithstruggledagainstdrawn⑨“Help!Help!”criedConseil.

Itseemedtomeasif

acryansweredhim.Therewasnomistake!Ahumanvoicerespondedtoours!Then,Iknownot

why,

thethoughtofthestrange,terribleanimalcameintomyhead

forthefirsttime!

respondto

回應(yīng),答復(fù)asif=asthough

好像,似乎why

引導(dǎo)賓語從句...的念頭comeintoone’shead

出現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中

第一次“救命?。【让。　笨等麪柡暗?。我似乎隱約聽到有人回應(yīng)。沒錯(cuò)！是有個(gè)人在回應(yīng)！然后，不知道為什么我第一次想到那個(gè)奇怪的、可怕的動(dòng)物！Itseemedtosbasif...對(duì)某人來說似乎…Butthatvoice!Ihadalmostnostrengthleft;myfingerscouldhardlymove;mymouth,openingandclosing,filledwithsaltwater.Ibecamecolderandcolder.Iraisedmyhead

forthelasttime,thenIsank.raiseone’shead

抬頭比較級(jí)and比較級(jí):越來越...最后一次havethe/nostrengthtodosth.

有/沒有做某事的力量可是那人聲不假！我的力氣已經(jīng)消耗殆盡，手指變得僵硬；我的嘴一張一合，灌滿了又咸又苦的海水，我越來越冷。我最后一次抬起頭來，之后便沉了下去。充滿

⑩

Atthismomentahardbodystruckme.Iheldontoit;thenIfeltthatIwasbeingdrawnup,thatIwasbroughttothesurfaceofthewater,thatmychest

collapsed—myeyesclosed,unconscious.Isoonwokeup,andhalfopenedmyeyes.Isawaface

(whichIimmediatelyrecognised.)“Ned!”Icried.在這時(shí)三個(gè)that引導(dǎo)并列的賓語從句strike的過去式wakeup

醒來

which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞aface過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):正在被拉拽上去緊緊抓住v.塌陷?“Thesame,sir!”repliedtheCanadian.?“Wereyouthrownintotheseawhentheboatcrashed?”?“Yes,Professor,butmorefortunate

thanyou,Iwasabletofindsafetyalmostimmediatelyuponthisislandinthesea.Or,morecorrectlyspeaking,onthislargewhale.?

“Why,Ned,why?”

比

正是;一樣;同上

beabletodo能夠做更準(zhǔn)確地說throw—threw—thrownv.扔

比較級(jí)：更幸運(yùn)?

“Becausethatcreature

ismadeof

steel.”Imovedmyself

quicklyto

thetopof

the

being,

andkickedit.Itwas

evidentlyahard,solidbody.Theblackback

thatsupportedmewassmooth,polished,nothinglikeananimal.bemadeof

由…制成...的頂部一點(diǎn)也不像that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞theblackback因?yàn)檫@個(gè)生物是鋼鐵做的。我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了一腳。顯然，這是一個(gè)堅(jiān)硬、結(jié)實(shí)的物體。在我腳下黑色的背脊精光溜滑，一點(diǎn)也不像動(dòng)物。Theblowproducedasoundofmetal;and,

(incrediblethoughitmaybe),itseemedasifitwasmadeof

metalplates.Thismonsterwasahumanconstruction.Wewerelyinguponthebackofasortofunderwaterboat.Isearchedallovertheoutsideforanopening,ahole,butfoundnothing.v.吹n.撞擊撞擊時(shí)，這東西發(fā)出金屬的聲音；雖然聽起來不可思議，但它似乎就像用鐵板做成的。這個(gè)怪物是人造的。我們正躺在一只潛水船的背上。我在外面找遍了，試圖找到開口、氣孔，但什么也沒有。though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，且是一個(gè)部分倒裝句

好像：引導(dǎo)表語從句bemadeof

由…制成金屬板lie—lay—lain—lying一種searchfor

尋找

Atlastthislongnightpassed.Daybreak

appeared.Suddenlyanoisecamefrominsidetheboat.Oneironplatewasmoved,amanappeared,utteredanoddcry,anddisappearedimmediately.Somemomentsafter,eightstrongmen,(theirfacescovered),appearednoiselessly,anddrewusdownintotheirincrediblemachine.最終，終于comefrom來自adj.奇怪的，奇數(shù)的“名詞＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Readagainandtakenotes.Thentellthestorytoyourpartner.Task4Aviolentcrashhappened.Theprofessor__________________.Suddenly,hefelthimself______________________________.Hegrabbed_____________.Aroundoneo'clockinthemorning,______________________________________________.Atthismoment,___________________________.Theprofessorwokeup,andsawNed.Theprofessormoved

himself____________________.Itwasa__________________.Atlast,thislongnight______.Daybreak________.Suddenly,

anoise___________________________.Oneironplatewasmoved,aman_________,_________________,and_______________________.Somemomentslater,________________________________________________.fellfromtheboatdrawnuptothesurfaceoftheseaConseil'sarmhefeltterriblytiredandhesankintotheocean

hehitahardobjectinthewatertothetopoftheobjecthumanconstructioncamefrominsidetheboatpassedappearedappearedutteredanoddcrydisappearedimmediatelyeightmenappea