無人機(jī)專業(yè)英語Unit

2Componentsof

UAVCTE2.12.22.5O NExternal

Loadand

OverloadHand-on:TheAssemblyof

UAFixed-wing:Structure

andComponent2.3N TIntroduction

toFuselage2.4Multi-rotor

UAV2.6UnmannedHelicopter2.1ExternalLoadand

OverloadExternalloadon

UAV2.1.1 ExternalLoadofFixed-wing

UAVGenerally,theexternalforceactingontheaircraftduringtakeoff,flight,landingandgroundparkingiscalledtheexternalloadoftheaircraft.Theseexternalloadsincludeaerodynamics,aircraftgravity,enginethrust,inertiaforce,groundreactionforceduringaircraftlanding,groundtaxiingandshutdown,etc.2.1ExternalLoadand

OverloadClassificationofExternal

Load2.1.21Accordingtothe

Formconcentrated

loaddistributed

load2Accordingtothe

Propertiesstatic

loadsdynamic

loads3AccordingtotheStateofAircraftfight

loadgroundloadLoads,exceptforgravity,varieswithtimeduringmaneuverflightorwhentheaircraftisencounteredwithsuddenwind.Theexternalloadcanonlyreflectthemagnitudeanddirectionoftheforceontheaircraft.Inordertofacilitatetheanalysisoftheexternalloadontheaircraftinacertainflightstate,theforceontheaircraftatthattimeisusuallycomparedwiththegravityoftheaircraft.Thisisthedefinitionof

overload.Introductionof

Overload2.1.32.1ExternalLoadand

OverloadThewingstructureisathin-walledstructure,generallycomposedofthefollowingtypicalelements:Longitudinalelementsincludewingbeams,stringers,walls;Transverseelementsincludewingribs(commonribsandreinforcedribs)andskinwrappedoutsidetheframeworkcomposedoflongitudinalandtransversemembers.Componentsof

Fixed-wing2.2.12.2Fixed-wing:Structureand

ComponentsComponentsof

Fixed-wing2.2.12.2Fixed-wing:Structureand

ComponentsStringersRibSparSkinClassificationof

Fixed-wing2.2.22.2Fixed-wing:Structureand

ComponentsClothSkin

WingMetalSkin

Wing2.3IntroductiontoFuselageExternalLoadof

Fuselage2.3.1 ExternalLoadof

FuselageDuringflightandlanding,thefuselagestructureshallbeartheconcentratedloadtransmittedfromthefixedjointsofwing,tail,landinggearandothercomponents,whichisthemainexternalloadofthefuselage.Atthesametime,italsobearsloadsofvariouscomponents,thegravityoffuselageitselfaswellasaerodynamic

forces.2.3IntroductiontoFuselageStructureof

Fuselage2.3.2 Componentsof

FuselageThefuselagestructureofmodernaircraftiscomposedofstringer,spacerframeandskin.Thespacerframeisdividedintoordinaryframeandreinforcedframe.Ordinaryframeisusedtomaintainthesectionalshapeofthefuselage,whiletheroleofreinforcedframeistospreadtheconcentratedforcetothefuselagestructurethroughthejoint,andthentransmitittotheskinintheformofshear

flow.2.3IntroductiontoFuselageFrameworkType

FuselageClassificationof

FuselageWiththeimprovementofaircraftflightperformance,thestructureofthefuselageisalsodeveloping.Accordingtothestressoftheskinoffuselage,thefuselagestructureisdividedintodifferenttypesas

follows:·Framework

type.Monocoque

type.Semi-Monocoque

type.MonocoqueType

FuselageSemi-Monocoque

TypeFuselage2.4Multi-rotor

UAVMulti-rotorUAV(alsocalled

multi-axisUAV)isaspecialhelicopterwiththreeormorerotoraxes.Themotoroneachaxisrotatestodrivetherotortogeneratethrust.Thiskindofaircraftismostlysymmetricaloraxial

symmetrical.StructureofMulti-rotor

UAV2.4.1 Introduction2.4Multi-rotor

UAVPowerdevicesusedbyUAVmainlyincludepistonengine,turbojetengine,turbofanengine,turbopropengine,turboshaftengine,ramjetengine,rocketengine,motor,

etc.Propellerof

UAV2.4.2 Componentsand

FunctionsMotorElectronicSpeed

ControllerBattery2.4Multi-rotor

UAVthan 160 differentproducts across 11aerospacecategories.products are asSome famousfollows:2.4.3 TheDevelopmentof

AVICAVIChasplayedamajorroleindevelopingChineseaviationfor

two

decades,

and

it

has

more1Fighter

Aircraft·J-10·J-20·J-312FighterBomber

Aircraft·JH-73Trainer

Aircraft·JL-8·JL-9·L-154Transport

AircraftY-8Y-9Y-205Bomber

Aircraft·H-6·H-206Helicopter·Z-8·Z-9·HC-120/EC1207UnmannedAerial

VehicleAVICCloudShadow·WingLoongUAV2.5Hand-on:TheAssemblyof

UAV2.5.1 IntroductionUAVassemblyisanimportantskillforUAVapplicationtechnology.HerewetakeacertainUAVdeviceforexample.Seethe

followingtable forthelistof

accessories.NameAmountNameAmountFrame1

setFoot

stand1

setPropeller2

pairsFCS1

setMotor4Damping

plate1Electric

regulation4GPS

module1Battery1

groupGPS

bracket1Remotecontroller1DuPont

line4Receiver1…2.5Hand-on:TheAssemblyof

UAV2.5.2 Processof

AssemblyWeldingof

LinesInstallthe

MotorInstallthe

Lower

Center

Plate Which

includes:Weldingofmotorwireandbanana

head.Weldingofelectricadjustingwireandbanana

head.Weldtheelectricregulatorandpowercordtothelowercenter

plate.Weldingof

T-head.InstallFlight

Control and

Receiver Fixthemotoronthebaseofthe

boom.When installing the lower center plate, tighten the screwsmoderatelytoavoidscrew

damage.Use3Mgluetopastetheflightcontrolonthetop(front)ofthelowercenterplate,andtrytoinstalltheflightcontrolonthecenterofthelowercenterplate.Usefoamdouble-sidedadhesivetapetoinstallthereceiveronthelowercenter

plate.2.5Hand-on:TheAssemblyof

UAV2.5.2 Processof

AssemblyInstallUpperCenterPlateInstall

Electric

Regulator InstallGPSand

LEDPlacetheuppercenterplateatthecorrectpositionandfixitwith

screws.Install

PropellerInordertoinstalltheelectricregulatorfirmly,installtheflatsideonthearm,fixitwithself-lockingties,andtheninstalltheelectricregulatortothe

arm.First,assembletheGPScarbonrodbracketwithglue,theninstalltheGPSbaseontheM4armscrewholeoftheuppercenterplate,andthenfixtheGPSonthetopplateofthebracketwithadhesive

tape.Thefixingmodeofbladeisrelatedtothetypeofmotorandblade.TaketheinstallationofDJIF450propellerforexample,thesideprintedwithDJILOGOisupward,andthesectionwithbiggerthicknessiswindward.Theinstallationpositioncanbedeterminedbyclockwiserotation.2.5Hand-on:TheAssemblyof

UAV“6S”

Regulations2.5.3Shine

(Seiso)Setin

order(Seiton)Standardize(Seiketsu)Sustain(Shitsuke)Safety“6S”Sort

(Seiri)2.6Unmanned

Helicopter2.6.1 IntroductionUnmannedhelicopterreferstotheUAVthatcanrealizeVTOL(verticaltakeoffandlanding)andhasthemostflexibility.ItbelongstorotarywingUAVinconfigurationandgeneralaircraftin

function.2.6Unmanned

HelicopterATypical

UnmannedHelicopter2.6.2 ComponentsofUnmanned

HelicopterTheliftofunmannedhelicoptersisgeneratedbyrotors.Thebasicstructureofunmannedhelicopterisgenerallycomposedofmainrotor,fuselage,tailrotor,landinggear,controlsystem,transmissionsystem,motororengine,

etc.Rule2

.1

Rule2

.2

Useconnectingwordsandphrasestoconnectsentencesthatcontainrelated

topics.Hedging.Rule2

.3

Rule2

.4

Takecareofsafety

instructions.To

p

i

c sen

t

e

n

ce an

d k

eywords.Rule2

.5

Rule2

.6

Unit

2 EnglishTraining

Partto makeDo not omit wordsyoursentences

shorter.Use a vertical list for complextext.Donotomitwordstomakeyoursentences

shorter.R

ul

e2.

1Donotomitnounstomakesentencesshorter.Itwillbedifficultforthereadertoknowwhatyou

mean.Non-STE:Canbeamaximumoffiveinches

long.STE:Crackscanhaveamaximumlengthoffive

inches.Donotomitverbs,becausethereaderwillnotunderstandwhattheactionis.Non-STE:Rotaryswitchto

INPUT.STE:Settherotaryswitchto

INPUT.Donotomitthesubject,becausethereaderwillnotknowwhatyouarereferringto.Non-STE:Ifinstalled,removethe

shims.STE:Ifshimsareinstalled,remove

them.Useaverticallistforcomplex

text.R

ul

e2.

2Whenthesentenceislongandyoumustincludemanydifferentitems(forexample,alistofcomponents,parts,ordocuments)oractionsinasentence,youcanputtheminaverticallist.Verticallistsmakelongcomplexsentencesmucheasiertoread

andunderstand.Non-STE:Thewheelassemblycomprisesthetire,thetube,thespokes,thespokefittings,thevalve,andthe

hub.STE:Thewheelassemblyhasthese

parts:The

tireThe

tubeThe

spokesThespoke

fittingsThe

valveThe

hubUseconnectingwordsandphrasestoconnectsentencesthatcontainrelated

topics.R

ul

e2.

3【Examples】）Thesesafetyprecautionsaretheminimumnecessaryforworkinthepitlane.Butthelocalregulationscangiveothernecessarysafety

precautions.）Ifthepressureincreases,itchangestheelectricalcurrentsinthetransmitter.Thus,thepowerunitsuppliescurrentstotheindicatorontherelated

panel.）Whenthehydraulicpressureisreleased,thesequencevalvemovestotheopenposition.Asaresult,theactuatorsareconnectedtothehydraulic

return.Hedging.R

ul

e2.

4Hedging,alsocalledcautionorcautiouslanguageortentativelanguageorvaguelanguage,isawayofsofteningthelanguagebymakingtheclaimsorconclusionslessabsolute.Itisespeciallycommoninscienceandengineering,forexample,whengivingahypothesisorpresenting

results.Hedgescanbecontrastedwithboosters(suchas“will”or“definitely”or“always”),whichallowwriterstoexpresstheircertainty.Thesearelesscommonlyusedinacademicwriting,thoughtendtobeoverusedbylearnersofacademicEnglishinplaceofmorecautiouslanguage.Takecareofsafety

instructions.R

ul

e2.

5）WARNING:Beforeyoufilltheliquidoxygensystem,putonafacemaskandprotectiveclothing.Liquidoxygencancauseirritationoftherespiratorytractandeyeirritation.）

WARNI