Unit3ConservationLesson1課件by:Emily1.HowmanytimesuptotodayhaslifeonEarthalmostdiedout?a.Onceb.Fivetimesc.Morethan10times2.AboutwhatpercentofallspeciesonEarthbecameextinctduringthemassextinctionknownasthe“GreatDying”?a.Lessthan10%b.Nearly50%c.Morethan90%3.Whatdoscientiststhinkwillcausethenextmassextinction?a.Humanactivityb.Naturalcausesc.UnknownreasonsHowmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?Choosetheoptionbasedonyourknowledge.白堊紀(jì)-古近紀(jì)滅絕事件恐龍大滅絕Cretaceous–Paleogeneextinctionevent奧陶紀(jì)-志留紀(jì)滅絕事件Ordovician–Silurianextinctionevent三疊紀(jì)-侏羅紀(jì)滅絕事件Triassic–Jurassicextinctionevent泥盆紀(jì)大滅絕LateDevonianextinction二疊紀(jì)－三疊紀(jì)滅絕事件Permian–Triassicextinctionevent/GreatDyingDodo(渡渡鳥),extinctflightlessbirdofMauritius(anislandoftheIndianOcean).ItwasfirstseenbyPortuguesesailorsin1507andexterminatedbyhumansandtheirintroducedanimals.Thedodowasextinctin1680.渡渡鳥，毛里求斯（印度洋上的一個島嶼）已滅絕的不能飛行的鳥類。1507年它首次被葡萄牙水手看見，后被人類以及人類引入的動物滅絕。渡渡鳥在1680年滅絕。Passengerpigeon(北美候鴿),migratorybirdhuntedtoextinctionbyhumans.From1870thedeclineofthespeciesbecameprecipitous,anditwasofficiallyclassifiedasextinctwhenthelastknownrepresentativediedonSeptember1,1914intheCincinnati(Ohio)Zoo.北美候鴿，一種因人類捕獵而滅絕的候鳥。從1870年起，該物種數(shù)量急劇下降，1914年9月1日，當(dāng)最后一只已知的北美候鴿在俄亥俄州辛辛那提動物園死亡時，它被正式列為滅絕物種。夏威夷牛膝草在20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代曾遍布夏威夷的海灘。不幸的是，夏威夷成為了熱門旅游目的地。這種灌木狀植物的棲息地被酒店、公寓和旅游開發(fā)項目侵蝕，使其在短時間內(nèi)滅絕（1990年滅絕）。Hawaianchaffflower(夏威夷牛膝草)waseverywhereonthebeachesofHawaiiinthe1950sand1960s.Unfortunately,Hawaiihasbecomeapopulardestination.Theshrubbyplant'shabitathasbeenerodedbyhotels,apartmentsandtouristdevelopments,leavingitextinctinashortperiodoftime(extinctin1990).夏威夷牛膝草在20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代曾遍布夏威夷的海灘。不幸的是，夏威夷成為了熱門旅游目的地。這種灌木狀植物的棲息地被酒店、公寓和旅游開發(fā)項目侵蝕，使其在短時間內(nèi)滅絕（1990年滅絕）。Pyreneanibex(比利牛斯山羊),oncecommonlyfoundinSouthernFrance,NorthernPyreneesandCantabrianMountains,wasoneofthefoursubspeciesofIberianwildgoatorSpanishibex.Theywerefoundinhugenumbersevenafewhundredyearsago.However,by1900thenumberswentdowntolessthan100,andafter1910,thenumberneverwentupabove40.ThelastPyreneanibexwasCelia,afemale,founddeadintheyear2000.比利牛斯山羊曾常見于法國南部、比利牛斯山北部以及坎塔布連山脈。它是伊比利亞野生山羊或西班牙羱羊的四個亞種之一。幾百年前它們的數(shù)量極為龐大。然而，到1900年時，數(shù)量下降到不足100只，1910年之后，數(shù)量從未超過40只。最后一只比利牛斯山羊是一只名為西莉亞的雌性山羊，它于2000年被發(fā)現(xiàn)死亡。Para1Para2Para3Para4Readparagraph1-4andgetthemainideaofeachparagraph.BackgroundinformationofextinctionMainreasonsofthesixthextinctionPossibleconsequencesofthesixthmassextinctionActionswecandotoavoidthesixthmassextinction.TheThirdExtinctionTheFifthExtinctionTheSixthExtinctionCausesEffectsSolutions1.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Narration(記敘文).B.ArgumentativeEssay(議論文).C.ExpositoryWriting(說明文).D.NewsReport(新聞報道).Narration記敘文：時間、地點、人物、起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果。反饋生活、思想感情。Exposition說明文：旨在解釋、闡述某個主題，讓讀者了解事物的本質(zhì)、原理、特點等。說明文通常以事實、數(shù)據(jù)、邏輯推理等方式展開論述。Argumentation議論文：以作者的觀點為核心，通過提供論據(jù)和證據(jù)來支持自己的論點，說服讀者接受自己的觀點。論說文通常分為論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論三個部分。AcademicEssay

學(xué)術(shù)論文：針對某個學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研究，要求作者具備扎實的理論基礎(chǔ)和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)难芯糠椒?。學(xué)術(shù)論文通常包含引言、正文和結(jié)論三個部分。2.Whatwayscanweuseinexposition?Findexamplesfromthepassage.A.CitingideasfromexpertsorauthoritiesB.GivingexamplesE.UsingcomparisonandcontrastD.ReferringtocommonknowledgeC.UsingdataF.GivingdefinitionA.CitingideasfromexpertsorauthoritiesB.GivingexamplesC.UsingdataD.ReferringtocommonknowledgeACDBE.UsingcomparisonandcontrastEF.GivingdefinitionF96%dinosaursasteroidssealevelsoxygencontentReadPara.1tofindtheinformationaboutextinctions.Readpara.2andgetthemainreasonsofthesixthmassextinction.Mainreasonsofthesixthmassextinction

Airandwaterpollutionforestsbeingdestroyedfactoryfarmingoverfishing.HumanactivityReadPara.3andlistthepossibleconsequencesofthesixthmassextinction.uptothreequartersofallspeciesonearthcoulddieout.Wehumanswouldalsobeatriskofdyingout.Possibleconsequencesofthesixthmassextinction1.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.CallonpeopletoprotecttheEarth.B.Blamepeoplefordestroyingtheenvironment.C.Urgethegovernmenttotakeaction.D.Warnthepublictoreducetheirdestructivebehaviour.√ReadPara.4andchoosethebestanswer.2.Whatshouldwedotoprotecttheearth?▲takestepstosave(1)___________________;▲changetheway(2)__________________byusingcleaner,morenaturalsourcesofenergy▲improvefarmingmethodsto(3)_________water,airandlandpollutionendangeredspeciesweworkandtravelreduce3.Whatrhetoricaldevices(修辭手法)doestheauthoruseinthisparagraph?A.Metaphor(暗喻)．B.Personification(擬人)．C.Overstatement(夸張)．D.Parallelconstruction(排比)．√CaseStudyReadtheCaseStudyanddothefollowingexercises.1.Whatdidpeopledotoprotectblackrobins?▲Wildlifeworkersbegan(1)____________forraisingblackrobinchicks.▲They(2)_________OldBlue’seggs,helpedthemto(3)______andtookcareoftheir(4)________.▲They(5)_________theirhabitatsand(6)__________smallanimalsthathuntthemfromtheislandswheretheylive.aprogrammeprotectedhatchchicksrestoredremoved2.Whatistheeffectoftheirefforts?In1980NowTherewereonly5blackrobinsleftintheworld,onlyoneofwhichwasabletolayeggs.Therearemorethan250blackrobinsandthepopulationisstillspreading.A.Humanscandowhatevertheywant.B.Theblackrobinsaresuccessfullysavedfromextinction.C.Itishumanactivitythathasaffectedthespeciesnegatively.D.It’snevertoolatetotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.√3.WhichclaimdidtheCaseStudysupportinthetext?課本P55Completetheparagraphaboutextinctionsusingthecorrectformofthephrasesbelow.dieoutbeknownashaveaffecteddependonwipeouttakestepstakeactionsetuptakecareofInthel