無(wú)錫市2023年秋學(xué)期高三期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)2024.01注意事項(xiàng)及說(shuō)明：1．試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2．答案一律寫在答題卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束時(shí)，上交答題卡。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A．Watchabasketballmatch.B．Buyagiftforhismother.C．Gotohismother’sbirthdayparty.2．WhydoesthemanplantogotoEdinburgh?A．Togotoaconcert.B．Tokeephisparentscompany.C．Toattendhisgrandparents’weddinganniversary.3．Whatdidthewomanbuyyesterday?A．Somebutter.B．Somemilk.C．Somebread.4．Howdidthemanbookthehotelforhisholiday?A．OntheInternet.B．Onthephone.C．Atthetravelagency.5．Whendoestheexambegin?A．At2p.m.B．At3p.m.C．At4p.m.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthemanspendmostofhispocketmoneyon?A．Books.B．Films.C．CDs.7．Howmuchdoesthemangetfromhisuncleaweek?A．￥15.B．￥30.C．￥45.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whenwillthewomanleaveforherholiday?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.9．Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthercomingholiday?A．Worried.B．Excited.C．Lonely.10．Whatdoesthewomanexpecttododuringherholiday?A．Listentosomemusicwithherfriends.B．Dosomereadingonthebeach.C．Takesomelongwalksonthebeach.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A．Repairherlaptop.B．Prepareareport.C．Haveaninterview.12．Whatisthetopicofthewoman’spresentation?A．Adevelopmentplan.B．Atechnologyresearch.C．Aresearchingsubject.13．Whatmightthewomanworryabout?A．Herlaptopmightnotwork.B．Shemightfeeltoonervous.C．Sheisn’tsureofwhattosay.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whydoesthewomanoftentakelongtravels?A．Tostartacareerasayoungperson.B．Toseetheworldasmuchaspossible.C．Toavoidstayingwithherfamily.15．Wheredoesthewomanusuallystaywhiletravelling?A．Inexpensivehotels.B．Infamilyrestaurants.C．Intents.16．Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Managerandwaitress.B．Fatheranddaughter.C．Hostandinterviewee.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whoisthespeaker?A．Atourguide.B．TheGardens’founder.C．Acompanymanager.18．WhatdoweknowabouttheSouthCoastGardens?A．Ithasahistoryofover100years.B．Itkeeps8,000varietiesofpaintings.C．Ithasacollectionofthe19thcenturyrarecoins.19．HowmanypartsistheSouthCoastGardensdividedinto?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.20．Whatcanvisitorsdointherosegarden?A．Haverosetea.B．Collectvariousroses.C．Plantdifferentroses.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLankaTheConfuciusInstituteUniversityofColombosuccessfullyconductedthe“LocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLanka”on20th-21stMay.Thiseventwascarriedoutthroughonlineplatform.FiftythreeChineseteachersfromvariousschoolsacrossSriLankaparticipatedinthistrainingprogram.Hereisthetrainingworkshopagenda.ArrangementfortheFirstDay:TimeActivityLecturer7:00AM-8:20AMOnlineRegistration&OpeningCeremony8:30AM-9:45AMBenefitsofLanguageLearningforCareerDevelopmentProf.WimalHewamanage,UniversityofColombo10:00AM-11:30AMTeachingChineseWritingProf.LeiMingzhen,HongheUniversity11:40AM-2:00PMLunch&Break2:10PM-3:30PMAnalysisofAdvanceLevelChineseLanguageExamMs.SammanieU.Kandambi,ChineseLanguageCoordinator,NIE3:45PM-5:00PMChineseCulturalExperienceMs.ShenLiqiong,UniversityofColomboArrangementfortheSecondDay:TimeActivityLecturer8:30AM-9:45AMTeachingChineseCharactersMr.FeiYanhong,UniversityofColombo10:00AM-11:30AMChineseLiteratureMr.T.K.AselaPrabath,UniversityofColombo11:40AM-2:00PMLunch&Break2:10PM-3:30PMOnlineChineseTeachingMr.FeiYanhong,Ms.ShiQiao,Mr.T.K.AselaPrabath&Ms.ShenLiqiong,UniversityofColombo3:45PM-5:00PMOnlineClosingCeremonyCombiningtheirownteachingpracticeandtheory,thelecturersgaveinstructionstotheparticipants(參與者)withthefocusonEnglish-Chineseclassroomteaching.1.Whowastheeventintendedfor?A.Collegefreshmen. B.Collegegraduates. C.Languageteachers. D.Exchangestudents.2.WhatdidProf.LeiMingzhensharewiththeparticipants?A.HowtoreadChinesenovels. B.HowtopronounceChinesewords.C.HowtowriteChinesecharacters. D.HowtowritearticlesinChinese.3.Whatcouldtheparticipantsgetfromtheevent?A.Freemealsthroughouttheday.B.StrategiesofChineselanguageteaching.C.CertificatesfromChineselanguagetestingagency.D.TipsonlearningChinesefromthefamousprofessors.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了斯里蘭卡“本土漢語(yǔ)教師培訓(xùn)”的時(shí)間表?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheConfuciusInstitute,UniversityofColombosuccessfullyconductedthe“LocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLanka”on20th-21stMay.(5月20日至21日，科倫坡大學(xué)孔子學(xué)院成功舉辦了‘斯里蘭卡本土漢語(yǔ)教師培訓(xùn)’活動(dòng))”和“FiftythreeChineseteachersfromvariousschoolsacrossSriLankaparticipatedinthistrainingprogram.(來(lái)自斯里蘭卡各學(xué)校的五十三名中國(guó)教師參加了此次培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目)”可推知，這次活動(dòng)針對(duì)的是語(yǔ)言老師。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ArrangementfortheFirstDay”下面的“TeachingChineseWriting”和“Prof.LeiMingzhen,HongheUniversity”可知，LeiMingzhen教授教中文寫作，即如何用中文寫文章。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ArrangementfortheSecondDay”下面的“OnlineChineseTeaching”可知，本次培訓(xùn)有關(guān)于在線漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)的講座。由此推知，參與者能從本次活動(dòng)中獲得漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)的策略。故選B，BAlltheBeautyintheWorld,PatrickBringley’smemoir(回憶錄)abouthis10yearsworkingasaguardatNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt(Met),bringsnewmeaningtotheterm“artappreciation”.BringleyisnottheonlyMetstaffertowriteabouttheinstitution.ButBringley’s“guard’s-eyeview”isunique,andhepresentshispersonalstorywithsincerity.AfterhisbrotherTom’sdeathin2008,Bringleygaveuphisjobasajournalistforajobinwhich“Iwashappytobegoingnowhere”.Heexplains,“Ihadlostsomeone.Ididnotwishtomoveonfromthat.Inasense,Ididn’twishtomoveatall.”AlltheBeautyintheWorldofferswell-chosenfactsaboutthemuseumtosupportBringley’spersonaltale.TheMetopenedin1880andhassinceexpandedtomorethan2.5millionsquarefeet—“thesizeofabout3,000averageNewYorkapartments”.The“salmonrun(鮭魚回游)ofvisitors”thatgoesuptheGrandStaircaseeverymorningwhenthemuseumopensaddsuptoacrowdofnearly7millionvisitorsayear.Asinterestingasthesefactsare,it’sBringley’sreflectionsondozensofindividualpaintings,photographs,sculpturesandancientartifactsthatturnthisbookintoatribute(致敬)tothepowerofart.Ithinkthat“sometimesweneedpermissiontostopandadorethings,andaworkofartgivesusthat”.InaVermeerportrait(肖像)ofadozingmaidservant,heismovedtoseethattheartistcaptured“thatfeelingwesometimeshavethataprivatesettingpossessesaholiness(神圣)ofitsown.ItwasmyconstantfeelinginTom’shospitalroom.”AsrichinmovinginsightsastheMetisintreasures,AlltheBeautyintheWorldremindsusoftheimportanceoflearningnot“aboutart,butfromit”andfindingpeaceintoart.Thisisartappreciationatadeeplevel.4.WhatsetsAlltheBeautyintheWorldapartfromotherbookswrittenbyMetstaffers?A.Theauthor’suniquewritingperspective. B.Theauthor’sopinionsonartworks.C.Itsfocusonhistoricalfactsandtruth. D.Itsdetailedintroductiontothepaintings.5.WhatcausedBringleytochangehisjobaccordingtohiswords?A.Hishobbyfromchildhood. B.Hisfailureasajournalist.C.Lossofhisbelovedbrother. D.Hisambitionofbeinggreat.6.HowdoesBringleypresentinformationabouttheMetinhismemoir?A.Byinterviewingretiredstaffmembers.B.Byrelatingmuseumfactstohispersonallife.CByrecordingthenumberofdailyvisitorsyearly.D.Byresearchingthebackgroundofeachmasterpiece.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.FindingPeaceinArt B.ReflectingonLifewithArtC.Little-knownFactsabouttheMet D.InnerWorldsoftheFamousArtists【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了PatrickBringley所著的回憶錄《這世間一切的美》，這本書記錄了他在紐約大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館當(dāng)保安時(shí)的所見(jiàn)所感，為“藝術(shù)欣賞”一詞帶來(lái)了新的意義?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“BringleyisnottheonlyMetstaffertowriteabouttheinstitution.ButBringley’s‘guard’s-eyeview’isunique,andhepresentshispersonalstorywithsincerity.(Bringley并不是唯一一位寫過(guò)該機(jī)構(gòu)的大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館工作人員。但Bringley的‘保安視角’是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，他真誠(chéng)地呈現(xiàn)了自己的個(gè)人故事。)”可知，作者獨(dú)一無(wú)二的寫作視角是讓這本書有別于其他大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館工作人員所寫的書的地方。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AfterhisbrotherTom’sdeathin2008,Bringleygaveuphisjobasajournalistforajobinwhich‘Iwashappytobegoingnowhere’.(2008年，他的哥哥Tom去世后，Bringley放棄了記者的工作，轉(zhuǎn)而從事一份‘我很高興哪兒也去不了’的工作。)”可知，Bringley決定換工作是因?yàn)樗膼?ài)的哥哥去世了。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AlltheBeautyintheWorldofferswell-chosenfactsaboutthemuseumtosupportBringley’spersonaltale.(《這世間一切的美》提供了精心挑選的博物館事實(shí)，以支持Bringley的個(gè)人故事。)”可知，Bringley在回憶錄中把博物館的事實(shí)與自己的個(gè)人生活連接起來(lái)，從而向讀者呈現(xiàn)博物館的信息。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“AlltheBeautyintheWorld,PatrickBringley’smemoir(回憶錄)abouthis10yearsworkingasaguardatNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt(Met),bringsnewmeaningtotheterm‘a(chǎn)rtappreciation’.(PatrickBringley的回憶錄《這世間一切的美》講述了他在紐約大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館當(dāng)保安的10年，為‘藝術(shù)欣賞’一詞帶來(lái)了新的含義。)”和最后一段“AsrichinmovinginsightsastheMetisintreasures,AlltheBeautyintheWorldremindsusoftheimportanceoflearningnot‘a(chǎn)boutart,butfromit’andfindingpeaceintoart.Thisisartappreciationatadeeplevel.(正如大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館的珍寶一樣，《這世間一切的美》充滿了感人的見(jiàn)解，提醒我們不要‘學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)，而是從中學(xué)習(xí)’，以及在藝術(shù)中找到平靜的重要性。這是一種深層次的藝術(shù)欣賞。)”可知，本文首尾呼應(yīng)，講述了PatrickBringley根據(jù)自己在紐約大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館當(dāng)保安的10年經(jīng)歷寫了一部回憶錄《這世間一切的美》，這本書為“藝術(shù)欣賞”一詞帶來(lái)了新的意義，即不要學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)，而是要從藝術(shù)中學(xué)習(xí)，尋找藝術(shù)中的平靜。由此可推測(cè)出，A項(xiàng)“在藝術(shù)中尋找平靜”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選A。CBlue-light-filteringglasses(濾藍(lán)光眼鏡)havebecomeanincreasinglypopularsolutionforprotectingoureyesfromelectronicscreens’near-inescapableglow—lightthatiscommonlyassociatedwitheyestrain(眼疲勞).Inrecentyearsthey’veevenbecomefashionstatementsthatarerecognizedbycelebritiesandrankedinstyleguides.Butarecentreviewpapershowssuchglassesmightnotbeaseffectiveaspeoplethink.Thepaper,publishedlastweekinCochraneDatabaseofSystematicReviews,analyzeddatafromprevioustrialsthatstudiedhowblue-light-filteringglassesaffectvisiontirednessandeyehealth.Thestudy’sauthorsfoundthatwearingblue-light-filteringglassesdoesnotreducetheeyestrainpeoplefeelafterusingcomputers.“It’sanexcellentreview,”saysMarkRosenfield,aprofessorattheStateUniversityofNewYorkCollegeofOptometry,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Theconclusionsarenosurpriseatall.Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesthathavefoundexactlythesamething,thatthere’sjustnoevidencethatblue-blockingglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrain.”Headdsthatthenewreviewreinforcesthefactthatthereisvirtuallynoevidencethatblue-blockingglassesaffecteyestraindespitethembeingspecificallymarketedforthatpurpose.Asforusingblue-light-filteringeyeglassesforeyehealth,fornow,Rosenfieldsays,“there’snothingtosupportpeoplebuyingthem”.Thestrainwemayfeelwhilestaringatourphoneorcomputerscreentoolongislikelytobecausedbymultiplefactors,suchasbadhabitsorunderlyingconditions,anassociateprofessorofvisionscienceattheUniversityofMelbourne,Downiesays.Shearguesthathowweinteractwithdigitaldevicescontributesmoretoeyestrainthanscreens’bluelightdoes.Changingthefrequencyanddurationofscreenusageanddistancingone’seyesfromthescreensmightbemoreimportantinreducingdiscomfort,Downiesays.Sheaddsthatpeoplewhoexperienceeyestrainshouldseeadoctortoassesswhethertheyhaveanunderlyinghealthissuesuchasfar-sightednessordryeyedisease.8.Whatcanweknowaboutblue-light-filteringglassesfromthetext?A.Theycanimproveeyesight. B.Theymaynotreduceeyestrain.C.Theycanpromoteeyehealth. D.Theycanhelptocureeyediseases.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Agreatmanyprofessorswereinvolvedinthestudy.B.Blue-blockingglassesonthemarketareharmfultoeyes.C.Thefindingofthestudycomesasasurprisetothepublic.D.Datafromprevioustrialshelpthestudyalot.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforces”meaninparagraph3?A.Denies. B.Opposes. C.Strengthens. D.Evaluates.11.WhatshouldwedoifwesufferfromeyestrainaccordingtoDownie?A.Wearblue-light-filteringglasses. B.Haveanexaminationinthehospital.C.Stopstaringatthescreenforever. D.Focusonthefrequencyofphoneusage.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藍(lán)光過(guò)濾眼鏡并沒(méi)有減少人們看電子屏幕后的眼睛疲勞。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudy’sauthorsfoundthatwearingblue-light-filteringglassesdoesnotreducetheeyestrainpeoplefeelafterusingcomputers.(該研究的作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，戴藍(lán)光過(guò)濾眼鏡并不能減少人們使用電腦后的眼睛疲勞感。)”可知，藍(lán)光過(guò)濾眼鏡并沒(méi)有減輕眼睛疲勞。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thepaper,publishedlastweekinCochraneDatabaseofSystematicReviews,analyzeddatafromprevioustrialsthatstudiedhowblue-light-filteringglassesaffectvisiontirednessandeyehealth.(上周發(fā)表在Cochrane系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上的這篇論文分析了之前研究藍(lán)光過(guò)濾眼鏡如何影響視力疲勞和眼睛健康的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，這篇論文分析了之前研究藍(lán)光過(guò)濾眼鏡如何影響視力疲勞和眼睛健康的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，由此可推測(cè)出，從前實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究很有幫助。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞前的“Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesthathavefoundexactlythesamething,thatthere’sjustnoevidencethatblue-blockingglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrain.(有許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了完全相同的事情，就是沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明阻藍(lán)眼鏡對(duì)眼睛疲勞有任何影響。)”講述了之前的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)了沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明阻藍(lán)眼鏡能減輕眼睛疲勞，再結(jié)合畫線詞后的“thefactthatthereisvirtuallynoevidencethatblue-blockingglassesaffecteyestrain”可推測(cè)出，這個(gè)新報(bào)告進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明阻藍(lán)眼鏡對(duì)眼睛疲勞有影響的事實(shí)。reinforce意為“加強(qiáng)”，與strengthen意思最接近。故選C。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Sheaddsthatpeoplewhoexperienceeyestrainshouldseeadoctortoassesswhethertheyhaveanunderlyinghealthissuesuchasfar-sightednessordryeyedisease.(她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，眼睛疲勞的人應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生，評(píng)估他們是否有潛在的健康問(wèn)題，如遠(yuǎn)視或干眼病。)”可知，Downie認(rèn)為如果我們眼睛疲勞，我們應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院檢查一下。故選B。D“Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.”—LaoTzu.Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.Imagineaplacewhereyoucan’ttalk,telephone,read,writeoraccesstheInternet.Boredomcansoonturnintopleasureasthebrain,fromastateofchaos,findspeace.TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe“threepoles”.Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.Scientificstudieshaveshownussomethinginteresting.Whenmicearemadetolistentosilencefortwohoursadayforthreedays,braincellsinthehippocampus(thepartofthebrainresponsibleforlearningandmemory)increaseinnumber.Dr.GerdKemperman,leadingauthorofthepaper,suggeststhatsilencecausestheproductionofmorebraincellstoincreasealertness(警覺(jué))andreadinessfor“futurecognitive(認(rèn)知的)challenges”.Inhumans,listeningtoslowmusichasbeenshowntoreducebloodpressure,heartrateandbreathingrate.Addingtwominutesofsilencetothemusiclowersbloodpressureandbreathingevenfurther.“Silenceisgolden,”butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?“Ifoundsolitary(單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁)themostforbiddingaspectofprisonlife.Therewasnoendandnobeginning;therewasonlyone’smind,whichcouldbegintoplaytricks,”saidNelsonMandela,reflectingonhis27yearsinprison.Asilentmindcanbeunbearable—andcanevendriveyouovertheedge.InoneexperimentfromHarvardandtheUniversityofVirginia,someparticipantsweresoopposedtoa15-minutesilencethattheychosetoself-administeranelectricshocktoescapethesilence.Whensilenceislinkedtolonelinessyourphysicalhealthmayalsosuffer.Lonelinesshasbeenshowntobeassociatedwitha29percentincreaseinriskofheartdiseaseanda32percentincreaseinthedisease—stroke.There’sanothertypeofsilencethatis“killinggoodpeople”accordingtoPrinceWilliam.It’snotthelackofauditory(聽(tīng)覺(jué)的)inputtoyourears;it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自殺).12.What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toproveanopinion. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Topresentanexample. D.Togiveadefinition.13.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningErlingKagge?A.Toproveeveryoneneedssilence.B.Togiveusanexampletolearnfrom.C.Toindicatesilenceworkstoouradvantageattimes.D.Toshowhumanscankeepthingsinperspectiveinsilence.14.Whycansilencealsobedeadlytosomeextent?A.Asilentmindcancausepeopletofight.B.Alonelymindwithsilenceleadstomostheartdiseases.C.Toomuchsilencecanmakepeoplephysicallyunbearable.D.Ahelplessstateofmindinsilencecanincreasethetendencyofsuicide.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectofsilence?A.Negative. B.Objective. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處和壞處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“‘Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.’—LaoTzu.Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(‘沉默是力量的源泉?！献?。當(dāng)我們停止用聲音轟炸身體時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)看到對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸的好處。)”可知，第一段提出沉默對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸有好處，接著第二、三、四段具體從探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge、科學(xué)研究、聽(tīng)音樂(lè)等方面講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處。由此可推測(cè)出，第一段主要是為了引出主題。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe‘threepoles’.Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.(探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge在到達(dá)‘三極’的漫長(zhǎng)旅程中經(jīng)歷了很多沉默。通過(guò)將世界拒之門外，他學(xué)會(huì)了更清晰地看待世界，并開(kāi)啟新的思維方式。)”可知，探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge從沉默中學(xué)會(huì)了更清晰地看待世界和新的思維方式；由此可推測(cè)出，作者提到ErlingKagge是為了給讀者一個(gè)從中學(xué)習(xí)的例子。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自殺)(當(dāng)你焦慮或難以應(yīng)對(duì)時(shí)，你會(huì)說(shuō)不出來(lái)，這是自殺的主要原因)”可知，當(dāng)人處于焦慮或難以應(yīng)對(duì)的情況時(shí)，無(wú)法宣泄出來(lái)是導(dǎo)致自殺的主要原因。由此可推測(cè)出，沉默中無(wú)助的心態(tài)會(huì)增加自殺傾向。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(當(dāng)我們停止用聲音轟炸身體時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)看到對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸的好處。)”和第五段中的“‘Silenceisgolden,’butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?(‘沉默是金’，但當(dāng)涉及到你的健康時(shí)，沉默也會(huì)致命嗎？)”可知，本文主要講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處和壞處，并沒(méi)有發(fā)表作者個(gè)人的偏好。由此可推測(cè)出，作者對(duì)沉默的影響持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Amongallthestressmanagementstrategiesouttherewehavelongignoredoneessentialfactor—rest.However,therehasrecentlybeenagrowingrealizationwithinpsychologycirclesthatthebodyandmindaredeeplyintertwined(纏繞)witheachother.Realizinghowyourphysicalhealthaffectsthemind____16____Andtherehavebeensomeremarkablediscoveriesintheresearch.Thebrainscanshaveshownthatourbrainprocesses“psychological”pain,suchasthekindthatarisesoutofsocialexclusion(社會(huì)排斥),inthesamewayitdoesphysicalpain.Infact,youcaneventakeanaspirinforthatkindofpain.Thesearecasesinpoint.____17____Andifyouhaveabadnight’ssleep,everythingismorestressfulthenextday.Whileyouareeasiertostresswhenyouarefeelingdown,theflipside(反面)isthatyoucanfightitbylookingafteryourbody.Itisnowcommonknowledgethatphysicalexercise,inadditiontotherapy,helpstoreducedepression.Besides,ahealthysleepingpatternalsooffersprotectionagainstallkindsofpsychologicaldisorders.____18____RethinkingthevalueofrestWhenyoudecidetodosomethingaboutyourstresslevels,trytorethinkthevalueofrest.Usuallythefirststepistotakebettercareofyourbody.____19____Moreover,momentsofrestandrelaxationoughttooccupyamoreimportantplaceinourlives.Theseimportantmomentsshouldnotberegardedasakindof“breather”inbetweenjobs,butasanaturalandkeypartofourlife.Restisactuallycrucialtoourwell-beingandisgoodforbothbodyandmind.Weallneedatleastalittletimetothink,toreflectonlifeandevenjustdonothing.____20____Weneedtoseeitasacrucialtimetobuildupourreserves.Itisonlywhenwefullyembrace(擁抱)restthatwewillbeabletotakeastandagainststressandburnout.A.Thisstepcanleadtomentalreliefaswell.B.Asidefromsleep,ahealthydietisknowntoreducestress.C.Buttherehavebeenveryfewdiscoveriesconcerningthetopic.D.Ourmentalhealthisdeterminedlargelybyourphysicalcondition.E.Gettingenoughrestisnotjustsomethingweshoulddowhenwearetiredout.F.Havingagoodrestissomethingweneedtodowhenweareinpsychologicaldisorders.G.Youmaysuffermorefromstresswhenyouarefeelingrundownoraresufferingfromaflu.【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了休息的重要性以及休息的好處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Realizinghowyourphysicalhealthaffectsthemind(意識(shí)到你的身體健康是如何影響思想的)”以及后文“Andtherehavebeensomeremarkablediscoveriesintheresearch.Thebrainscanshaveshownthatourbrainprocesses“psychological”pain,suchasthekindthatarisesoutofsocialexclusion(社會(huì)排斥),inthesamewayitdoesphysicalpain.Infact,youcaneventakeanaspirinforthatkindofpain.(在這項(xiàng)研究中有一些顯著的發(fā)現(xiàn)。腦部掃描顯示，我們的大腦處理“心理”疼痛，比如由社會(huì)排斥引起的疼痛，與處理身體疼痛的方式相同。事實(shí)上，你甚至可以吃一片阿司匹林來(lái)緩解這種疼痛)”可知，后文的研究表明大腦處理“心理”疼痛與處理身體疼痛的方式相同，可知心理健康由身體狀況決定，故D選項(xiàng)“我們的心理健康在很大程度上取決于我們的身體狀況”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesearecasesinpoint.(這些都是恰當(dāng)?shù)睦?”以及后文“Andifyouhaveabadnight’ssleep,everythingismorestressfulthenextday.Whileyouareeasiertostresswhenyouarefeelingdown,theflipside(反面)isthatyoucanfightitbylookingafteryourbody.(如果你晚上沒(méi)睡好，第二天的壓力會(huì)更大。當(dāng)你情緒低落時(shí)，你更容易感到壓力，但另一方面，你可以通過(guò)照顧好自己的身體來(lái)對(duì)抗壓力)”可知，本句與后文并列，都是就會(huì)造成壓力的情況進(jìn)行舉例，故G選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你感到身體虛弱或患流感時(shí)，你可能會(huì)承受更多的壓力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itisnowcommonknowledgethatphysicalexercise,inadditiontotherapy,helpstoreducedepression.Besides,ahealthysleepingpatternalsooffersprotectionagainstallkindsofpsychologicaldisorders.(現(xiàn)在大家都知道，除了治療之外，體育鍛煉還有助于減少抑郁癥。此外，健康的睡眠模式還可以防止各種心理障礙)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)明了可以減少心理障礙的一些健康，且上文提到了睡眠，故B選項(xiàng)“眾所周知，除了睡眠，健康的飲食還能減輕壓力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyoudecidetodosomethingaboutyourstresslevels,trytorethinkthevalueofrest.Usuallythefirststepistotakebettercareofyourbody.(當(dāng)你決定做一些事情來(lái)緩解壓力水平時(shí)，試著重新思考休息的價(jià)值。通常第一步是要照顧好自己的身體)”以及后文“Moreover,momentsofrestandrelaxationoughttooccupyamoreimportantplaceinourlives.Theseimportantmomentsshouldnotberegardedasakindof“breather”inbetweenjobs,butasanaturalandkeypartofourlife.(此外，休息和放松的時(shí)刻應(yīng)該在我們的生活中占據(jù)更重要的位置。這些重要的時(shí)刻不應(yīng)該被視為工作之間的一種“喘息”，而是我們生活中自然而關(guān)鍵的一部分)”可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明這么做的好處，A選項(xiàng)中Thisstep對(duì)應(yīng)上文firststep。故A選項(xiàng)“這一步也能使精神得到緩解”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Restisactuallycrucialtoourwell-beingandisgoodforbothbodyandmind.Weallneedatleastalittletimetothink,toreflectonlifeandevenjustdonothing.(休息實(shí)際上對(duì)我們的健康至關(guān)重要，對(duì)身心都有好處。我們都至少需要一點(diǎn)時(shí)間來(lái)思考，反思生活，甚至什么都不做)”以及后文“Weneedtoseeitasacrucialtimetobuildupourreserves.Itisonlywhenwefullyembrace(擁抱)restthatwewillbeabletotakeastandagainststressandburnout.(我們需要把這看作是建立儲(chǔ)備的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。只有當(dāng)我們完全擁抱休息時(shí)，我們才能對(duì)抗壓力和倦怠)”可知，上文建議反思生活，什么都不做，可知本句承接上文，說(shuō)明需要做的事情是休息。故F選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們有心理障礙時(shí)，好好休息是我們需要做的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BaiPeilanistheChinesenameofMexicanacademicFloraBottonBeja,aprofessorattheCenterforAsianandAfricanStudiesatElColegiodeMexico.TheChinese____21____laninhernamestandsfororchid(蘭花)inEnglish.IntraditionalChineseculture,theorchid____22____elegance,nobilityandfriendship.Nowinher90s,shewas____23____withtheoutstandingachievementawardattheOrchidAwardsonSept.8,____24____decadesofdevotiontostudyingandintroducingChinatoallSpanish-speakingcountries.BorninGreece,BottonmovedtoMexicowithherfamilyattheageof15,whereshesetoutona____25____journeythatfinallytiedherdestiny(命運(yùn))tothatofChina.Sheisnowrespectedasoneofthe____26____inthefieldofSinologyinMexico.Forher,whatstartedoutasasuitableacademicarrangement____27____developedintoadeeploveaffairwithChina.AsoneofthefirstacademicsinMexicotofocusonChinainthe1960s,Botton____28____todipintotherichtapestry(織錦)oftraditionalChineseculture,reflectingher____29____that“knowingaboutthepastisnecessarytounderstandthepresent”.BottonfirsttraveledtoChinain1975,andshelaterworkedattheMexicanembassy(大使館)inChina,actively____30____culturalexchangeefforts.Afterherdiplomatictenure(外交任期),shecontinued_____31_____culturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMexico.ShetranslatedChineseclassicbooksintoSpanish,enrichingtheunderstandingofChinesecultureamongSpanish-speaking_____32_____.AndshealsodealtwithmodernandcontemporaryChina,_____33_____researchonsociety,familyandwomen.Asapromoterbetweentwo_____34_____cultures,BottonhasconcludedthatMexicoandChinasharetraditionalvaluesoffamily_____35_____,aswellasrespectfortheelderlyandforregionalcultures.21.A.image B.flower C.character D.painting22.A.standsfor B.showsoff C.takeson D.looksinto23.A.provided B.blessed C.honored D.equipped24.A.inmemoryof B.withrespectto C.onbehalfof D.inrecognitionof25.A.lonely B.remarkable C.tough D.usual26.A.pioneers B.roles C.professors D.chiefs27.A.recently B.eventually C.continuously D.occasionally28.A.refused B.agreed C.hesitated D.chose29.A.belief B.confidence C.dream D.assumption30.A.relatingto B.resultingin C.engagingin D.turningto31.A.discovering B.advertising C.preventing D.promoting32.A.lovers B.viewers C.publishers D.readers33.A.conducting B.publishing C.harvesting D.ignoring34.A.similar B.distinct C.relative D.opposite35.A.origins B.ties C.religions D.memories【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.D33.A34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了墨西哥學(xué)院亞非研究中心教授白佩蘭女士與中國(guó)的不解之緣，她為向西語(yǔ)世界介紹中國(guó)做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的名字中的漢字“蘭”在英語(yǔ)中代表蘭花。A.image形象；B.flower花；C.character文字；D.painting繪畫。根據(jù)空后的“l(fā)aninhername”可知，這里是說(shuō)她名字中的“蘭”這個(gè)漢字。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中，蘭花代表優(yōu)雅、高貴和友誼。A.standsfor代表；B.showsoff炫耀；C.takeson呈現(xiàn)；D.looksinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)空前的“theorchid”和空后的“elegance,nobilityandfriendship”可知，這里是說(shuō)蘭花所代表的含義。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)年90多歲的她在9月8日的蘭花獎(jiǎng)上獲得了杰出成就獎(jiǎng)，以表彰她幾十年來(lái)致力于研究中國(guó)并將其介紹給所有西班牙語(yǔ)國(guó)家。A.provided提供；B.blessed祝福；C.honored給予表?yè)P(yáng)（或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、頭銜、稱號(hào)）；D.equipped配備，裝備。根據(jù)空后的“withtheoutstandingachievementawardattheOrchidAwards”可知，她被授予蘭花獎(jiǎng)的杰出成就獎(jiǎng)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意參考上題。A.inmemoryof為紀(jì)念；B.withrespect