過(guò)去分詞具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，同時(shí)兼有形容詞或副詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可以作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)——在句中修飾名詞或代詞的成分。表語(yǔ)——是謂語(yǔ)的一部分，位于系動(dòng)詞之后，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)身份、特征或狀態(tài)。第1頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)1.單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),通常前置1)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，具有被動(dòng)和完成的意義。abrokencup

awoundedsoldieranunexpectedguest

theexcitedcrowd

2)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，具有主動(dòng)和完成意義。agrownwomanaretiredofficerthefallenleaves

一、作定語(yǔ)(修飾名詞或代詞)第2頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)

2、過(guò)去分詞修飾something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等不定代詞或指示代詞those時(shí)，要放在這些詞的后面。Heisoneofthoseinvited.Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.第3頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。aletterwritteninpencil=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencilthebookrecommendedbyJack=thebookwhichwasrecommended

...themachinesproducedlastyear=themachineswhichwereproduced

...Awoman,dressedlikealawyer,cameinandtookherseatasjudge.

=whowasdressed...第4頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：1.語(yǔ)態(tài)不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)注：不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只有“完成”含義,不表被動(dòng)aninspiringspeech

theinspiredaudience鼓舞人心的演說(shuō)受到鼓舞的觀眾Thefallingleavesthefallenleaves落葉（正往下落的）落葉（已經(jīng)落到地面的）第5頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)2.時(shí)間關(guān)系不同：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，多表示“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行”或“與謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行”或“經(jīng)常性”。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，則多表示分詞動(dòng)作“先于位于動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作”或“沒(méi)有一定的時(shí)間性”1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily________

(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman________(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater________

(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader__________(respect)bythepeople.lyingpointingsellingbroughtrespected第6頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)therisensun

升起了的太陽(yáng)therisingsun

正在升起的太陽(yáng)

boiledwater

開(kāi)水boilingwater

正沸騰的水fallenleaves

落葉fallingleaves

正在飄落的葉子changedcondition

改變了的情況changingcondition

變化著的情況developedcountries

發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家developingcountries

發(fā)展中國(guó)家第7頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)3.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(done)與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式(beingdone)都可以表示“被動(dòng)”，但前者多表示一個(gè)完成了的動(dòng)作，而后者則表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.theproblemdiscussedyesterdayTheproblembeingdiscussed

第8頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)二、過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于adj.說(shuō)明的是主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)Allthewindowsarebroken.Allhopeisgone.Thisarticleiswellwritten.Heappearedmoresatisfiedwithmywork.第9頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)2.過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別第10頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)（1）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征，意為“令人怎樣...”，有主動(dòng)的意思。exciting,

moving,

amusing,

astonishing,frightening,

interesting,

relaxing,

shocking,

surprising,

terrifying,

tiringetc.(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，意為“對(duì)...或感到怎樣”，有被動(dòng)的意思.

excited,

moved,

amused,

astonished,

frightened,

interested,

relaxed,

satisfied,

surprised,

terrified,

tiredetc.eg,Theygotveryexcited.第11頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，意為“對(duì)...或感到怎樣”，有被動(dòng)的意思.

excited,

moved,

amused,

astonished,

frightened,

interested,

relaxed,

satisfied,

surprised,

terrified,

tiredetc.第12頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)(3).過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)和動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似，但兩者表達(dá)的意思明顯不同，前者說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)及所處的狀態(tài)，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Theglassisbroken.Theglassisbrokenbymylittlebrother.第13頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Exercises:1.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅們修建的).2.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.3.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).4._____________(開(kāi)水)

5.________________(一個(gè)破碎的茶杯)6.three____________________(受傷的士兵)builtbymyunclestakenmadebyherboiledwaterabrokencupwoundedsoldiers第14頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Exercises:

1.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀請(qǐng)參加宴會(huì)的)werefamousscientists.2.Lessons_____________(易學(xué)的)aresoonforgotten.**_____________(易學(xué)的)lessonsaresoonforgotten.3.Thecomputercenter_________________(開(kāi)辦)lastweekispopularwiththestudents.invitedtothepartylearnedeasilyopened/startedEasily-learned第15頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)修飾look,smile,voice,face等能表示人的感受的過(guò)去分詞.Fromhis____lookonhisface,thepriceofmeatmusthaverisen.A.disappointedB.disappointing(2)Hehungupthephonewitha____smileonhisface.A.satisfiedB.satisfying(3)Sheshoutedina____voice.A.pleasingB.pleased(4)Judgingfromher____face,shemustbeintrouble.A.puzzledB.puzzling(5)The____parentsarenot____withtheir____son.A.disappointingB.disappointedC.satisfiedAABABCA第16頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettle D.beingsettledBC第17頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)3.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor_____“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”A.pin,readB.pinning,readingC.pinned,readingD.pinned,read4.Aboy_____Jackwonthegame.Aboy______himselfJackwonthegame.A.callingB.calledCBA第18頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)5.Whoistheman____

toyourfatherjustnow?Whoistheman____tojustnow?A.

speakingB.spoken6.Thebuilding_____

lastyearisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding_____nowisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding_____nextmonthisseventymetershigh.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltABABC第19頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)7.Mostoftheartists______tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited8.Thefirsttextbooks______forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.

A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenAD第20頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)9.Anagreement___tomorrowwilldogoodtoeveryoneofus.A.tobesignedB.beingsignedC.signed10.Theplan_____

forthetripbyourteachernextweekisveryimportant.A.madeB.tobemadeC.beingmade11.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheshipwasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingABC第21頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)ExercisesDon’tusewords,expressions,orphrases___onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownAswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missedDA第22頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget___bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayTheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingCC第23頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce___nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun6.Thetelevisionisa___machine.A.ne