［模擬］職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級模擬72

詞匯選項下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語帶有

括號或下劃線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與括號

里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

第1題：

Icatchcold<u>nowandthen</u>.

A.always

B.occasionally

C.constantly

D.regularly

參考答案：B

nowandthen：時而、偶爾，和occasionally同義；always：經(jīng)常；constantly：

不斷地；regularly：經(jīng)常地、定時地。

第2題：

Thepolicemanwrotedownallthe<u>particulars</u>oftheaccident.

A.secrets

B.details

C.benefits

D.words

參考答案：B

"details"是“細(xì)節(jié)”的意思。"particulars"也是“細(xì)節(jié)”的意思。

第3題：

<u>Practically</u>allanimalscommunicateeitherthroughsoundsor

throughsoundlesscodes.

A.Certainly

B.Probably

C.Almost

D.Absolutely

參考答案：C

劃線詞為副詞，意思是“幾乎；實際上"，與C項（幾手，差不多）意思相近，如：

Almostallourdailyneedsareimported,andalmostallourmanufactured

productsareexported.我們的日常必需品幾乎全屬進(jìn)口。我們制造的產(chǎn)品幾

乎全部出口外銷。A項意為“無疑地，確定地”，如：Icertainlydidnotlike

i

theplace.我確實不喜歡那個地方。B項意為“大概；或許；可能"，如:He'

11probablyfindhimselfinpocketinagoodyear.年頭好時，他會發(fā)現(xiàn)

自己賺錢。D項意為“完全地;絕對地“，如：We'reabsolutelyobedientto

thesuperior.我們絕對服從上級。

第4題：

Scott<u>seized</u>theopportunitytopresenthisproposaltothe

director.

A.realized

B.grasped

C.rendered

D.delivered

參考答案：B

第5題:

I'm<u>sceptical</u>oftheteam'schancesofwinning.

A.hesitate

B.doubtful

C.humble

D.irritable

參考答案：B

sceptical與doutbful同義,意為“（對某事物）不肯相信的，懷疑的。"hesitate

“猶豫，躊躇，遲疑"；humble“謙讓的，低下的，卑微的"；irritable"急

躁的，易怒的，暴躁的”。

第6題：

<u>While</u>wedon'tagree,wecontinuetobefriends.

A.Whoever

B.Where

C.Although

D.Whatever

參考答案：C

第7題：

Thedentisthasdecidedto<u>extract</u>herbadtooth.

A.takeout

2

B.repair

C.pull

D.dig

參考答案：A

extract：取出；拔出。takeout：取出；拔出。Thedentisttookoutfiveof

Mary'steeth.牙醫(yī)拔掉了瑪麗的五顆牙。repair：補(bǔ)。Thegaragechargedme

fortydollarstorepairthecar.修車廠要了我40美元修車費。pull：拉。

Thehorseispullingacart.馬拉著車。pullout：拔。Thedentistpulled

outallherbadteeth.牙醫(yī)拔掉了她所有的壞牙。dig：挖掘。Wehavetodig

throughthemountainstolaythispipe.為了鋪設(shè)這條管道，我們得挖通這

座大山。

第8題：

A<u>turbulent</u>stormwasamajorfactorinthedefeatoftheSpanish

Armada.

A.noxious

B.violent

C.mysterious

D.pathetic

參考答案：B

第9題：

Tebbut'sownproduct,calledBrainstorm,isa<u>sophisticated</u>

software'ideasorganizer'thatischeap,easytouseandquitehelpful.

A.different

B.excellent

C.complex

D.old

參考答案：C

sophisticated”詭辨的、復(fù)雜的、久經(jīng)世故的"；different"不同的"；excellent

“卓越的、極好的"；complex"復(fù)雜的、合成的"；old“老的，年紀(jì)大的”。

第10題：

Mylifeismore<u>precious</u>tomethanmyproperty.

A.valuable

B.profitable

C.dear

3

D.noble

參考答案：A

valuable除了意為“貴重的、有價值的”，它還有“重要的、具有重大意義的，

和precious意思相同；profitable：有用的、有益的、有利可圖的、可賺錢的；

dear：親愛的、昂貴的；noble：高尚的、崇高的。

第11題：

Heis<u>lookingforwardto</u>studyinginuniversity.

A.observing

B.seeking

C.expecting

D.considering

參考答案：C

他正期待著進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。句中l(wèi)ookforforwardtodoingsth：期待做某事。

observe：觀察,如：Thepolicehavebeenobservinghismovements.警方

一直監(jiān)視著他的一舉一動。seek：尋求，如：Theywereseekingemployment.他

們在找工作。expect：期待，如:That'sjustwhatweexpected.那正是我們

所期望的。consider：考慮，如：Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?你

是否考慮過如何到達(dá)那里？只有expect意思上和lookforwardto最接近。

第12題：

Thecityhasdecidedto<u>doawaywith</u>alltheoldbuildingsinits

center.

A.getridof

B.setup

C.repair

D.paint

參考答案：A

劃線短語是動詞短語，對于該短語的語義有兩種查找方法：（1）利用動詞do,

直接在字典中查找doawaywith這個短語的語義，不難得出該短語的語義是“去

掉”，所以A是答案；（2）利用該短語中的詞義推測。away是“離開”,而備

選項中：setup是“建立"，re-pair是“修理”,paint是“油漆，描繪”，

都與“離開”無關(guān)，所以只有g(shù)etridof是答案。該句句意是“這座城市已經(jīng)

決定把位于市中心的所有的舊的建筑物都廢棄掉。”

第13題：

The<u>steadily</u>risingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatly

increasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.

4

A.continuously

B.quickly

C.excessively

D.exceptionally

參考答案：A

借助劃線詞所在的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)“……地上升”判斷A“持續(xù)地”和B“很快地”最

合適。excessively是"過度地"；exceptionally是“例外地，異常地”。steadily

是“穩(wěn)定地；不斷地”，該詞與A是近義詞。該句的大意是“勞動力成本的持續(xù)

上升已經(jīng)大大地增加了通過水路運(yùn)輸貨物的費用。”

第14題：

Iwas<u>shocked</u>whenIsawthesizeofthetelephonebill.

A.excited

B.angry

C.lost

D.surprised

參考答案：D

劃線詞為形容詞，意思是“震驚的”，與D項suirrised（吃驚的）為同義詞，又

如：Shewassurprisedbytheboy'sintelligence.那男孩的智力使她很吃

驚。A項意為“興奮的”,例：IgetexcitedwheneverIheartheplayingof

ournationalanthem.每當(dāng)聽到我們國歌的演奏，我都很激動。B項意為“生

氣的”,例：Iwasangrywithmyself.我對自己很生氣。C項意為“失去的”，

例：Theartofgoodconversationseemslost.高雅談吐的藝術(shù)似已不復(fù)存

在。

第15題:

Whenthecaraccident<u>happened</u>,wewereallhorrified.

A.takeout

B.takeplace

C.takein

D.takeaway

參考答案：B

本題是考查常見的動詞，但是同時也考查了take構(gòu)成的詞組。Happen發(fā)生；take

out拿出；takeplace發(fā)生；takein吸收；takeaway拿走，所以正確答案為

Bo

閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)

5

短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選

擇A項；如果該句提供的錯誤信息，請選擇B項：如果該句的信息文

章中沒有提及，請選擇C項。

Breakfast

Studiesshowthatchildrenwhoeatbreakfastdobetterinschool.

Itdoesn'ttakemuchfurtherthoughttobelievethatadultswillfeel

betterandperformbetteratworkaswell.Whetheryouworkathome,on

thefarm,attheoffice,atschool,orontheroad,itisnotagoodidea

toskip（故意略去）breakfast.

Ifwedon'teatbreakfast,wearelikelytobecometiredwhenour

brainsandbodiesrunlowonfuel.Bymid-morning,alotofusgrabacup

ofcoffee,orwolfdownasugarycandybartowakeupagain.Thismight

workforafewminutes,butbylunchtimewearehungry,bad-tempered,and

perhapsourmoodmightmakeusalittlemorelikelytomakeunhealthy

choicesatlunch.Eatingagoodbreakfastsetsthetonefortherestof

theday.

Peoplewhoeatbreakfastaregenerallymorelikelytomaintain

ahealthyweight.Manypeoplebelievethattheywillloseweightifthey

skipmeals,butthatisn'tagoodidea.Thebodyexpectstoberefueled

afewtimesaday,sostartwithahealthybreakfast.

Ahealthybreakfastshouldcontainsomeprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）andsome

fiber（纖維）?Proteincancomefrommeat,eggs,beans,orsoy（大豆）?Fiber

canbefoundinwholecereals（谷物），grainsorinfruits.Agoodexample

ofahealthybreakfastmightbesomethingsimplelikeahardboiledegg,

anorange,andabowlofwholegraincerealwithsoymilk.

第16題：

Adultswhoeatbreakfastwillperformbetteratwork.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：A

第17題：

Itisokaytoskipbreakfastifyouworkathome.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：B

6

第18題:

Menaremorelikelytoskipbreakfastthanwomen.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：C

第19題:

Apersonwhoskipsbreakfastismorelikelytoeatunhealthilyatlunch.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：A

第20題:

Skippingbreakfastisagoodstrategyforlosingweight,

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：B

第21題:

Asimplebreakfastcannotbeahealthybreakfast,

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：B

第22題：

Peoplewhoeatbreakfastareseldominabadmood,

A.Right

7

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

參考答案：c

概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后有2項測試任

務(wù)：（1）1?4題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2?5段每段選擇1個

正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第5?8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確

的選項，分別完成每個句子。

RecreationandSports

1"AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy〃isapopularsaying

intheUnitedStates.Othercountrieshavesimilarsayings.Itistrue

thatallofusneedrecreation.Wecannotworkallthetimeifwearegoing

tomaintaingoodhealthandenjoylife.Goodphysicalandmentalhealth

infactenablesustoworkmoreemciently.

2Everyonehashisownwayofrelaxing.Perhapsthemostpopular

wayistoparticipateinsports.Thereareteamsports,suchasbaseball,

basketball,andfootball.Thereareindividualsports,also,suchasgolf

andswimming,Inaddition,hiking,fishing,sidingandmountainclimbing

haveagreatattractionforpeoplewholiketobeoutdoors.Chess,card

-playing,anddancingareformsofindoorrecreationenjoyedbymany

people.

3Noteveryonewhoenjoyssportingeventslikestoparticipate

inthem.Manypeopleprefertobespectators,eitherbyattendingthegames

inperson,watchingthemontelevision,orlisteningtothemontheradio.

Whenthereisanimportantbaseballgameorboxingmatch,itisalmost

impossibletogettickets;everyonewantstoattend.

4Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherweplayafastgameofping-pong,

concentrateoverthebridgetable,orgowalkingthroughthewoodsona

briskautumnafternoon.Itisimportantforeveryonetorelaxfromtime

totimeandenjoysomeformofrecreation.

23-26的選項

A.Theimportantofhavingrecreation

B.Therecreationcenters

C.Typeofsports

D.Funofbeingspectators

E.Theneedforrecreation

F.Theloveofspectators

27-30的選項

A.mustbeveryboring

B.somekindofrecreation

8

C.participatinginthem

D.torelaxoneself

E.tochooseone'sownwayofrelaxing

F.maintaingoodhealth

第23題：

Paragraph1.

參考答案：

E

詳細(xì)解答：

本段第一句用俗語引入話題，第二句表示該話題的普遍性，第三句用itis

true引出主題句，第四句和第五句分別用正面和反面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)突出第三句的

內(nèi)容，所以選項E（對娛樂的需求）就是本段大意。

第24題:

Paragraph2.

參考答案：

C

詳細(xì)解答：

本段第一句并不能算主題句，因為后面的幾個句子都是圍繞著sports組織

的，所以主題詞是spots但第一句里用了表示普遍性的everyone,說明本段具

有普遍意義，再仔細(xì)觀察后面的幾句，都是講各種各樣的sports,所以選項C（運(yùn)

動的種類）就是正確答案。

第25題:

Paragraph3.

參考答案：

D

詳細(xì)解答：

本段第一句是個否定形式的句子，一般不能當(dāng)主題句，第二句中的prefer

突出其重要性，即“并非人人都喜歡參加運(yùn)動，其實很多人喜歡觀看運(yùn)動”。下

文中的attend,watch,1istento都是spectators的具體動作，所以選項D（當(dāng)

觀眾的快樂）就是正確答案。

第26題:

Paragraph4.

參考答案:

9

A

詳細(xì)解答：

本段兩句話，第一句話開頭是itdoesn'tmatter,第二句是itisimportant,

都是強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性的，那么可以從第二句中直接明確本段的大意是選項A（娛樂的

重要性）o

第27題：

Tokeepfitandenjoylife,allofusmusthave.

參考答案：

B

詳細(xì)解答：

題干中的keepfitandenjoylife提示我們快速定位到第一段最后兩句。

前一句是如果我們想身體健康生活快樂的話，就不能總是一味地工作；后一句是

身心健康也能是我們工作更有效率。由此得知，如果我們向身體健康生活愉快，

就需要一些娛樂活動，所以本題答案應(yīng)該是B（一些娛樂活動）。

第28題:

Participatingindoorsportsoroutdoorsportsisagoodway.

參考答案：

D

詳細(xì)解答：

題干中的indoor和outdooractivities指的是各種recreation,文中提到

enjoyedbymanypeople,所以選項D就是正確答案。

第29題:

Manypeoplepreferwatchinggamesto.

參考答案：

C

詳細(xì)解答：

題干中的watchinggames提示我們快速定位到第三段第二句(Manypeople

prefertobespectators,eitherbyattendingthegamesinperson,watching

themontelevision,orlisteningtothemontheradio.),本句中的attend,

watch,listento都是比較具體的描寫題干中的participate。所以選項C為正

確答案。

第30題:

Itisgenerallybelievedthatthosewhoworkallthetimeanddonotknow

howtorelax.

io

參考答案：

A

詳細(xì)解答：

本題即可從全文作者的態(tài)度獲知答案，也可從文章第一句引人性的俗語得

知，只工作不娛樂的人（如Jack,最常見的英文名）就會是dull,其同意詞是

horning,所以選項A為正確答案。

閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4

個選項。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答其后面的問題，從4

個選項中選擇1最佳答案。

ALongandExpensiveWar

BytheTreatyofParisof1763,whichendedthewarwiththeFrench

andtheIndians,EnglandgainedpossessionofCanadaandalltheterritory

eastoftheMississippiRiver.Frenchinfluenceonthiscontinentthus

cametoanend;EnglandnowcontrolledmostofNorthAmerica.Butthewar

hadbeenlongandexpensive.Englandhadmanydebts.GeorgeIII,King

ofEngland,afterconsultingwithhisadvisers,decidedthattheAmerican

colonists（殖民者）shouldhelppaysomeoftheexpensesofthiswar.A

standingEnglisharmyof10,000menhadbeenleftinthecolonies（殖民

地）forprotectionagainsttheIndians.TheEnglishgovernmentalsofelt

thatthecolonistsshouldshareintheexpensesofmaintainingthisarmy.

Theresultwasaseriesofmeasure,theGrenvilleProgram,passedby

Parliamentanddesignedtoraisemoneyinthecolonies.Someofthese

measureswereacceptedbyThecolonists,butoneinparticular,theStamp

Act,wasmetwithgreatprotest.TheStampActrequiredthatstamps,

ranginginpricefromafewcentstoalmostadollar,beplacedonall

newspapers,advertisements,billsofsale,wills,legalpapers,etc.the

StampActwasoneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolution.Itaffected

everyone,richandpooralike.Somebusinessmenfeltthattheactwould

surelyruintheirbusinesses.

OfallthevoicesraisedinprotesttotheStampAct,nonehad

greatereffectthanthatofayounglayerfromVirginia-PatrickHenry.

HenryhadonlyrecentlybeenelectedtotheVirginiaAssembly.Yetwhen

theStampActcameupfordiscussion,heopposeditalmostsingle-handedly.

Healsoexpressed,forthefirsttime,certainideasthatwereheldby

manyAmericansofthetimebutthatneverbeforehadbeenstatedsoopenly.

〃Islifesodearorpeacesosweet,astobeboughtatthepriceofchains

andslavery?Forbidit,Almighty（萬能的）God!Iknownotwhatcourse

othersmaytake,butasforme,givemeliberty,orgivemedeath!，z

第31題：

Fromthetextwelearnthat.

11

A.BritaintookoverCanadafromtheIndiansin1763

B.therehadbeenawarbetweentheFrenchandtheIndianswhichended

in1763

C.FranceusedtohavecontrolofCanadaandsomeareaseastofthe

MississippiRiver

D.theFrenchstilldeptkeptsomeinfluenceinNorthAmericathrough

theTreatyofParis

參考答案：C

第32題：

TheGrenvilleProgramrefersto.

A.KingGeorgeIITsplantogathermoneyinNorthAmerica

B.theBritishgovernment'sdesiretoraisemoneyinNorthAmerica

C.aplantosharetheexpensesofmaintaininganarmyintheAmerican

colonies

D.adecisionoftheBritishParliamenttocollectmoneyintheAmerican

colonies

參考答案：D

第33題：

TheStampAct_______.

A.wasanactaboutsellingstampsatpricesfromafewcentstoalmost

adollar

B.requiredthatallcommercialandlegaldocumentsinAmericahave

stampsonthem

C.wasthemaincauseoftheAmericanRevolution

D.chieflyaffectedbusinesspeoplewhofeltitwouldruintheir

businesses

參考答案：B

第34題:

FromthetextwelearnthatPatrickHenry.

A.hadbeenamemberoftheVirginiaAssemblyforalongtime

B.didn'tknowwhatcoursestotaketocompletehisstudiesasalawyer

C.wasalmosttheonlyonewhoopenlyprotestedagainsttheStampAct

12

D.didn'tvaluelifeorpeaceasmuchasotherpeopledid

參考答案：C

第35題：

Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.oneoftheeventsleadingtotheAmericanRevolution

B.theTreatyofParisbetweenBritainandFrance

C.theGrenvilleProgramtoraisemoneyintheAmericancolonies

D.PatrickHenry,aherowhoopposedtheStampAct

參考答案：A

WhenFearTakesControloftheMind

Apanicattackisasuddenfeelingofterror.Usuallyitdoesnot

lastlong,butitmayfeellikeforever.Thecausecanbesomethingas

normallyuneventfulasdrivingoverabridgeorflyinginanairplane.

Anditcanhappenevenifthepersonhasdrivenovermanybridgesorflown

manytimesbefore.Afastheartbeat.Sweatyhands.Difficultybreathing.

Adizzyfeeling.Atfirstapersonmayhavenoideawhatiswrong.But

thesecanallbesignsofwhatisknownaspanicdisorder.Thefirst

appearanceusuallyisbetweentheagesof18and25.Insomecasesit

developsafteratragedy,likethedeathofalovedone,orsomeother

difficultsituation.

IntheUnitedStates,theNationalInstituteofMentalHealthsays

morethantwomillionpeopleareaffectedinanyone-yearperiod.The

AmericanPsychologicalAssociationsayspanicdisorderistwotimesmore

likelyinwomenthanmen.Anditcanlastanywherefromafewmonthsto

alifetime.

Panicattackscanbedangerous-forexample,ifapersonis

drivingatthetime.TheChesapeakeBayBridgeinthestateofMaryland

issolongandsohighoverthewater,itisfamousforscaringmotorists.

Thereisevenadriverassistanceprogramtohelppeoplegetacross.Some

peoplewhosufferapanicattackdevelopaphobia（恐懼?。琣deepfear

ofeverrepeatingtheactivitythatbroughtontheattack.

Butexpertssaypanicdisordercanbetreated.Doctorsmight

suggestanti-anxietyorantidepressant（抗抑郁的）medicines.Talkingto

acounselorcouldhelpapersonlearntodealwithoravoidapanicattack.

Therearebreathingmethods,forexample,thatmighthelpapersoncalm

down.Panicdisorderisincludedamongwhatmentalhealthprofessionals

13

callanxietydisorders.Astudypublishedlastweekreportedalink

betweenanxietydisordersandseveralphysicaldiseases.Itsaysthese

includethyroid（甲狀腺的）disease,lungandstomachproblems,migraine

headaches（偏頭痛）andallergic（過敏的）conditions.Researchersatthe

UniversityofManitobainCanadasaythatinmostcasesthephysical

conditionfollowedtheanxietydisorder.But,theysay,exactlyhowthe

twoareconnectedremainsunknown.

第36題：

WhichisNOTapossiblesignofpanicdisorder?

A.Afastheartbeat.

B.Sweatyhands.

C.Difficultybreathing.

D.Ajoyfulfeeling.

參考答案：D

頭三項在短文的第一段中都被提到，第四項沒有提到，所提到的“alightheaded

feeling”指的是“眩暈的”感覺，而不是“高興的”感覺。

第37題：

WhichisNOTmentionedasapossiblecauseofpanicdisorder?

A.Drivingoverabridge.

B.Flyinginanairplane.

C.Beingbetweentheagesof18and25.

D.Losingalovedone.

參考答案：c

第一段中分別提到了“開車通過橋梁”、“坐飛機(jī)飛行”、“失去親人”等可能

造成panicdisorder的原因，18至25歲是該病通常首發(fā)的時間段，但并不是

其原因之一。

第38題:

Panicdisorderissaidtoextendfrom

A.afewmonthstoafewyears.

B.afewmonthstoalifetime.

C.afewdaystoafewmonths.

D.afewminutestoafewdays.

參考答案：B

短文的第二段末尾說道，該病的持續(xù)時間為幾個月到一輩子不等。

第39題:

14

WhichisNOTapossibletreatmentforpanicdisorder?

A.Repeatingtheactivitythatbroughtontheattack.

B.Takinganti-anxietyorantidepressantmedicines.

C.Talkingtoacounselor.

D.Learningspecialbreathingmethods.

參考答案：A

短文的第四段分別提到了后三項治療該病的方法，只有第一個選項不是治療方法

之一。

第40題：

Panicdisorderisakindof

A.lungandstomachproblem.

B.migraineheadache.

C.allergiccondition.

D.anxietydisorder.

參考答案：D

短文的第四段中的第四句說到，panicdisorder屬于anxietydisorders的一

種。

SleepDeficit（不足）

Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragree

thatisvirtuallyanepidemicofsleepinessinthenation.〃Ican'tthink

ofasinglestudythathasn'tfoundAmericansgettinglesssleepthanthey

oughtto.〃saysDr.David.Evenpeoplewhothinktheyaresleepingenough

wouldprobablybebetteroffwithmorerest.

Thebeginningofoursleep-deficitcrisiscanbetracedtothe

inventionofthelightbulbacenturyago.Fromdiaryentriesandother

personalaccountsfromthe18th19thcenturies,sleepscientistshave

reachedtheconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5

hoursanight."Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehad

nothingtodointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.〃Bythe

1950sand1960s,thatsleepschedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,to

between7.5and8hours,andmostpeoplehadtowaketoanalarmclock.

“Peoplecheatontheirsleep,andtheydon'tevenrealizethey'redoing

it,〃saysDr.David."Theythinkthey，reokaybecausetheycangetbyon

6.5hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,8orevenmoretofeelideally

vigorous.〃

“Perhapsthemostmercilessrobberofsleep,，zresearcherssay,

〃isthecomplexityoftheday.〃Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,

friendsandcommunitymount,manypeopleconsidersleeptheleast

15

expensiveitemonhisprogram.〃Inoursociety,you'reconsidereddynamic

ifyousayyouonlyneed5.5hours'sleep.Ifyou'vegottoget8.5hours,

peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition.〃

Todeterminetheconsequencesofsleepdeficit,researchershave

putsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicalandperformancetests

requiringthem,forinstance,toaddcolumnsofnumbersorrecallapage

readtothemonlyminutesearlier."We'vefoundthatifyou'reinsleep

deficit,performancesuffers,saysDr.David."Shot-termmemoryis

weakened,asareabilitiestomakedecisionandtoconcentrate.

第41題：

Peopleinthe18thand19thcenturiesusedtosleepabout9.5hoursanight

becausetheyhad.

A.nodriveandambition

B.noelectriclighting

C.thebestsleephabits

D.alottoofthenextday

參考答案：B

細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段的第二、三句說Fromdairyentriesandotherpersonal

accountsfromthe18thand19thcenturies,sleepscientistshavereached

theconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5hoursa

night."Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothing

todointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.''可知,以前夜晚

一片漆黑，人們沒有事做，因而那時的人們養(yǎng)成了最佳睡眠習(xí)慣。本段首提到了

睡眠不足是因為電燈泡的發(fā)明，可推知18、19世紀(jì)的人生因為沒有照明，導(dǎo)致

沒有事情可做，因而養(yǎng)成了早睡覺的習(xí)慣。因此，B符合文意。A”沒有精力和

野心”和C“有最好的睡眠習(xí)慣”使用文中的只言片語進(jìn)行干擾，不正確；D"第

二天又很多事情要做”文中沒有提及。

第42題：

AccordingtoDr.David,Americans.

A.areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflife

B.oftenneglecttheconsequencesofsleepdeficit

C.donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperly

D.cangetbyon6.5hoursofsleep

參考答案：B

推斷題。在第二段后半部分中大衛(wèi)博士提到其實在睡眠上人們在自欺欺人，只是

他們沒有意識到而已，并且人們認(rèn)為每天睡6.5小時他們完全可以應(yīng)付。事實上。

要確保精力充沛，他們需要7.5至8小時，甚至更長時間的睡眠。在第3段中，

大衛(wèi)博士指出，每當(dāng)面對工作、家人、朋友和社會的巨大壓力時，很多人認(rèn)為睡

眠是最不重要的，是最可以有彈性的。由此不難得出結(jié)論，美國人不在乎睡眠不

16

足的后果或?qū)Υ艘暥灰姡虼薆符合文意。

第43題：

ManyAmericansbelievethat.

A.sleepisthefirstthingthatcanbesacrificedwhenoneisbusy

B.theyneedmoresleeptocopewiththecomplexitiesofeverydaylife

C.tosleepissomethingonecandoatanytimeoftheday

D.enoughsleeppromotespeople'sdriveandambition

參考答案：A

推斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，美國人往往減少睡眠時間的方式來處理生活中的

事情，因為睡眠是最不重要的(theleastexpensiveitem)。因此，A符合文意。

B“需要更多的睡眠去應(yīng)對生活壓力”與文意正好相反；C“一天任何時候都可以

用來睡覺”和D“充足的睡眠可以提升精力和野心”文中沒有提及。

第44題：

Theword"subjects”(line1,Para.4)refersto______.

A.theperformancetestsusedinthestudyofsleepdeficit

B.specialbranchesofknowledgethatarebeingstudied

C.peoplewhosebehaviorsorreactionsarebeingstudied

D.thepsychologicalconsequencesofsleepdeficit

參考答案：C

語義題。由最后一段第一句的短語putsubjectsthrough…tests可知，這些

subjects要經(jīng)過一些測試，由此推知，subjects即測試對象。因此,C“被研究

的對象”為正確選項。

第45題：

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatoneshouldsleepasmanyhours

asisnecessaryto.

A.improveone'smemorydramatically

B.beconsidereddynamicbyotherpeople

C.maintainone'sdailyschedule

D.feelenergeticandperformadequately

參考答案：D

推斷題。由最后一段研究結(jié)果We'vefoundthatifyou'reinsleep

deficit,performancesuffersShort-termmemoryisweakened,asare

abilitiestomakedecisionandtoconcentrate.可知,睡眠關(guān)系到人的精力

和表現(xiàn)，因此，D符合文意。雖說文章在最后一段提到了睡眠不足時，瞬時記憶

力會下降，但并沒沒有說睡多了可以提高記憶力，因此A“大幅度提高記憶力”

17

不正確；B“被認(rèn)為精力充沛”是對原文的曲解；C”維持某人的日常時間安排”

文中并未提及。

補(bǔ)全對話閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后有6

組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有的

位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請將答案填在相應(yīng)的橫線上。

Howonesimplemovementcanletslipthesecretsofthemind

Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageof

all!Itissaidthatourbodymovementscommunicateabout50percentof

whatwereallymeanwhilewordsthemselvesonlyexpress7percent.So,

whileyourmouthisclosed,justwhatisyourbodysaying***

Arms._46_Ifyoukeepyoura/instothesidesofyourbodyor

behindyourback。thissuggestsyouarenotafraidoftakingonowhatever

comesyourway。_47_Ifsomeoneupsetsyou,justcrossyourarmstoshow

you'reunhappy!

Head.WhenyouWanttoa