介詞別看介詞是一種虛詞，它在句中的作用卻非常重要。它用來表明名詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系，介詞不能單獨(dú)使用。?？键c(diǎn)包括一些固定搭配和一些近義詞。固定搭配如：onone'swayhome,help...with,sendfor,beinterestedin...,belatefor,beangrywith,begoodat等。當(dāng)然這需要你好好記憶了。一.表示時(shí)間的介詞1.in,on,at在……(之時(shí))①in與年、季節(jié)、月、年代、世紀(jì)及一般(泛指)的早、中、晚等較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的詞連用eg：insummer在夏天；inJanuary在1月；in2012在2012年；inthemorning在早上inthe21stcentury②on用于具體的某日或某特定日期的早、中、晚。如：onAugust8th在8月8日；onMonday在星期一；onNewYear’sDay；onacoldmorning在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨；onSundayafternoon在星期天下午。③at表示某一時(shí)刻。如：at5∶10pm在下午5∶10;atthebeginningof在開始時(shí)；atlast最后attheendof...在……的末尾；attheageof...在……歲時(shí)；atnoon在中午；atthesametime在同時(shí)。atnight在晚上；2.in,after在……之后“in＋時(shí)間段”用于將來時(shí)之中；“after＋時(shí)間段”用于過去時(shí)態(tài)之中；“after＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)”既可用于將來時(shí)也可用于過去時(shí)。如：JimwillgotoBeijinginfivedays.吉姆五天后會(huì)去北京。JimwenttoBeijingafterfivedays.五天后，吉姆去了北京。JimwillgotoBeijingafterfiveo’clock.吉姆會(huì)在五點(diǎn)鐘后去北京。3.for,sincefor可以指過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，著重說明“多久”，后面接時(shí)間段。since意為“自從……起”，多與完成時(shí)連用，后面接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句。since引導(dǎo)的從句通常為一般過去時(shí)。如：Hehaslivedherefor2weeks./Hehaslivedheresince2weeksago.It’sfiveyearssinceheleftschool.4.after,behind在……之后after主要用于表示時(shí)間；behind主要用于表示位置。如：Youshouldtakeawalkafterdinner./Thepictureisbehindthedoor.5.for和of：of之前的形容詞往往是用于描寫人的品質(zhì)的好壞，人自身的特點(diǎn)，如聰明與否，細(xì)心與粗心等；for之前的形容詞用于描寫事物的特點(diǎn)，如可能性，必然性，難易程度等。試比較：It'simpossibleformetowatchTVaftereleveno'clock.It'skindofyoutohelpme.二.表示地理位置的介詞1.in,on,to1).in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi).(包含關(guān)系)2).on表示A,B地接壤.(外切關(guān)系)3).to表示A,B兩地有一定的間距.(外離關(guān)系)ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.上海在中國(guó)東部JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國(guó)東面。infrontof表示在外部的前面inthefrontof表示在里面的前面2.at/in/on1)at接小地點(diǎn)或較具體的位置”。athome/atthestation如：Hearrivedatschoolat8o’clock.2)in接在大地點(diǎn)inChina;intheworld;HearrivedinWenzhouyesterday.（較大地點(diǎn)）3)on表在一個(gè)平面上onthefarm3.above,over,on在……上①above指在……上方，表相對(duì)高度，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below相對(duì)；Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.鳥在我的頭上飛。②over指在……正上方，表垂直的高度，與under相對(duì)；Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座橋。③on表示某物體上面并與之接觸。如：Thereisabookonthedesk.4.below,under在……下面；under表示“在……正下方”；below表示“在……下，不一定在正下方”。如：Thereisadogunderthedesk./Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.5．infrontof/inthefrontof（1）.inthefrontof表示在…….內(nèi)部的前面；（2）.infrontof表示在……外面的前面Thereisadeskin_____frontofourclassroom.Thereisabigtreein_____frontofourclassroom.三.表運(yùn)動(dòng)方向和位置的介詞1.across/through/over/by經(jīng)過①across指橫穿,穿過.表示動(dòng)作從某一物體表面上經(jīng)過.②through指穿過,透過,表示從某一物體空間內(nèi)通過.③over表示從某人或某物的上空經(jīng)過或越過,不與表面接觸.④by/past表示從某人/某物的旁邊經(jīng)過.Canyouswim______theriver?/Theelephantissobigthatitcan’tgo_____thegate.Idon’tthinkanyonecanjump___thefence./Iwalked_____thebankofChinayesterday.2.between,among①between指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間；Thereisabankbetweenthepostofficeandthepolicestation.②among指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間eg:Theteacherisstandingamongthestudents.3.in,into,outofin：在……里面，用于表示靜止的位置。Hermotherworksinthehospital.②into：進(jìn)入，用于表示有特定終點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向，經(jīng)常與表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞連用如,come,go,run,rush等。Thechildranintohismother’sarms.這小孩跑進(jìn)了它媽媽的懷里③outof：從……里出來，與into一樣，也表示有一定的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向。如：Allthechildrenrushedoutoftheclassroomwhenthebellrang.四.表示方式的介詞with/in/by表示“用……”1.with表示“用…”一般指有形的工具/手段/人體器官.Hecuttheappleintohalves____aknife.Hecamein_____abigsmileonhisface.注:with表伴隨,“帶有,含有”Amanwithdarkglasseswantedtobuydrinks2.ina)表示用某種語(yǔ)言,方式,途徑.或書寫/繪畫所用的材料.Canyousayit_____English?/Hewrotealetter____blueinkb)以…方式inthisway用這種方法behaveinapolitewayc)也可表交通方式travelinacard)“穿著”inred穿紅色的衣服3.bya)表示乘坐交通工具travelbybusb)以……方式、方法或手段Istudyforatest_____workingwithagroup.4.ona)通過studyontheair/radio通過廣播學(xué)習(xí)b)乘坐onabus/onabike注意:1).byphone=onthephone2).bycar=inacar3).inpen=withapen目的介詞for,tofor表示“為了.”to表示動(dòng)作對(duì)象,“對(duì),向.”如:Hewoulddoanythingforhismotherland.Didyoumentionthistomyfather?for表示“就某情況而說”,to表示一“對(duì)某對(duì)象而言”如：It’squitewarmtodayforFebruary.就二月的天氣，今天夠暖和的。Whathetoldyoujustnowwasnotnewtome五．范圍介詞in在…里邊inourclassbetween在兩者之間betweenusamong在三者或三者以上的中間amongstudents六．介詞詞組辨析1.onthetree/inthetree①onthetree表示樹上長(zhǎng)的東西.②inthetree表示人或物在樹上.Therearesomeapples_____thetree./Thereisaboy____thetree.2．inthewall/onthewall①inthewall表示“嵌在墻上”②onthewall表示“某東西張貼或掛在墻上”apicturethewallthewindowthewall3..except/besides/exceptfor/but①besides除了。。。之外還有（包括后者，常與other、also等詞連用。）WhatotherlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish？48.ChengLongandLiLianjiehavemuch_______.Andtheyoftenplaysimilarrolesinthemovies.A.ingeneral B.instyle C.incommonD.inshape49.Beforethebridgewasbuilt______theriver,thevillagershadtotakeaboattotheotherside.A.inB.besideC.acrossD.along50．IthinkIshouldbeallowedtomakedecisions_________myself.A.with B.to C.for D.against51.That'stoodear.Haveyougot_______?A.cheapersomethingB.everythingcheaperC.cheaperanythingD.anythingcheaper6.--CanIgoouttoplayfootballnow?--No,you_______.Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.A.won'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.don't52.Thesechildernhaveneverseensnow,_______they?A.doB.don'tC.haven'tD.have53.Myfriendhasworkedinthathospital_________.A.sinceitopenedB.foritopenedC.sinceitopensD.sinceitisope54.Canyoutellthestory______Russian?A.withB.inC.onD.by55.Herearesomebirthdaycards______ourteachers,______ourbestwishes.A.of,withB.for,withC.of,inD.for,in56.Thevisitors_______Japanarrived_____BeijingstationlastTuesdaymorning.A.from,atB.of,toC.from,toD.of,on57.He'sbadlyhurt,wemustsend_____adoctoratonce.A.toB.upC.onD.for58.Theboydidn'tgotobed_______hewasaskedto.A.while