第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023-2024學(xué)年浙江省名校協(xié)作體高二（上）模擬英語(yǔ)試卷（8月份）一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AAreyoureadingBooklistReaderdigitally，butwantitinprint？Talktoyourlibrary，bookstore，orvisitusonlineatformoreinformation.

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Booklistisabook-reviewmagazinethathasbeenpublishedbyALA（theAmericanLibraryAssociation）formorethan100yearsandiswidelyviewedasofferingthemostreliablereviewstohelplibrariesdecidewhattobuyandtohelplibrarypatrons（贊助人）andstudentsdecidewhattoread，view，orlistento.

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LibrariesthatsubscribetoBooklistmaypostalinktoBooklistReaderontheirwebsites，inpatron-facingnewsletters，andotherlibrary-marketingmaterials.IndividualpagesofBooklistReadermaybeshareddigitally.1.Whichsectionofisdesignedforcontententhusiasts？______A.newsletters B.booklist-blog C.staff D.faq2.WhatprobablymakesBookliststillpopularafterexistingforoveracentury？______A.Thatitsreviewsaretrustworthy.

B.ThatitispublishedbytheALA.

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D.Thatithelpsmakedecisionsforreaders.3.WhatarelibrariespermittedtodowhentheysubscribetoBooklist？______A.Includereviewsontheirwebsites.

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TheCampFireravaged(毀壞)anareathesizeofChicago,destroying14.000residencesandtakingmorethan17daystocontain.Asitspread,killingatleast85peopleanddisplacingthousandsmoreinNorthernCalifornia,Madisonwaitedpatiently.

Madison'sowner,AndreaGaylord,wasnotabletogettoherhomeinParadise,California,whenthefirebegantospreadonNov.8,meaningMadisonwasleftbehind.Forweeks,allGaylordcoulddowasprayforMadison'ssafety.

ShaylaSullivan,arescuevolunteer,spottedMadisonafewtimesinavalley,apparentlyguardingterritory,andputoutfreshfoodandwaterregularlyinhopesthatthedogwouldturnup.SheevenplacedanarticleofclothingthatsmelledlikeAndreanearthehometokeepMadison'shopealiveuntilhispeoplecouldreturn.

Whentheevacuation(撤離)orderwasliftedlastweekandAndreawentbacktotheproperty—whichhadbeendestroyedbythefire—herprayerswereanswered:Madisonwasthere,seeminglyprotectingwhatlittleremainedofhisfamily'shome.

"WELL,I'msoHAPPYtoreportthatAndreawasallowedtoreturntoherpropertytodayandTHEREMADISONWAS!!!!Hehadstayedtoprotectwhatwasleftofhishome,andNEVERgaveuponhispeople!"SullivanwroteinthecommentonherFacebookpost,whichwasshared12,000timesasofSaturdayevening."I'msohappy.I'mcryingasIwritethis!Hedidn'tgiveupthroughthestormsorthefire!ALOOOOONGmonthitmusthavebeenforhim!"sheadded.

Later,AndreasaidinaninterviewthatshewasovercomewithjoytoseeMadisonwaitingforher.Andrealosteverythinginthefireandisnowhomeless,butshehasbeenabletofindsomesolaceknowingherdogsaresafe."Imaginetheloyaltyofhanginginthroughtheworstofcircumstancesandbeingherewaiting,"AndreatoldABC10,fightingthroughtears."Youcouldneveraskforbetteranimals."4.WhywasMadisonleftbehind?A.Hewasstoppedbythefire.

B.Hewasunwillingtogowithhisowner.

C.Hewasorderedtoprotectthefamilyhome.

D.Hisownerwasnotathomewhenthefirespread.5.WhywasShaylaSullivancryingwhenwritingthepost?A.ShewasworriedwhetherMadisoncouldsurvive.

B.ShewasovercomewithjoytoseeMadisonwaitingforher.

C.ShewashappyMadisonfinallyturnedupforthefoodsheleft.

D.ShewasmovedbywhatMadisondidandhisreunionwithAndrea.6.WhatdidAndreameanbysaying"Youcouldneveraskforbetteranimals."?A.Madisonisthebestdog.

B.Onecouldnotaskanimalsforhelp.

C.Animalsareneverbetterthanhumans.

D.Dogsarecleverthananyotheranimals.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abravedogfoughtaloneagainstthestormsoffire.

B.Ahelpfulrescuevolunteerhelpedtofindalostdog.

C.Adevoteddogreunitedwithhisownerafterthefire.

D.Afrightenedsurvivorhadanarrowescapefromthefire.CLOVEitorhateit，thereisnoescapefromInternetslang.

ThisisespeciallytrueamongyoungpeopleinsomeEnglish-speakingcountriessuchasAustralia，theUK，andtheUS.Thesedays，iftheyhaven'tcaughtupwiththelatestpopularInternetslang，chancesarethattheyoftenfeeloutofthelooponsocialmedia.

TakethesepostsbyTheWashingtonPostforexample："DavidBowiedyingistotestradge"and"WhenCookiehuggedJamal，itmademetotesemosh".Whatonearthdothesemean？Well，"totes"isashortformoftheadverb"totally".Likewise，"tradge"means"tragic"and"emosh"means"emotional".

Itseemsthat，formillennials（thosebornbetweentheearly1980sandlate1990s），typinginthisabbreviatedformisnotonlytime-savingbutalsohip.Manymillennialslangwordsareformedbywhatlinguistscallthepracticeoftotesing—thesystematicabbreviationofwords，accordingtoarecentarticleinTheWashingtonPost.

SomepeoplethinkthatmillennialslangaffectstheEnglishlanguagenegatively.However，MelbourneUniversitylinguistRoseyBillingtondoesn'tagree.

"Whenyouareabletouselanguageinacreativeway，youshowyouarelinguisticallyknowledgeablebecauseyouknowthelanguageruleswellenoughtousewordsinadifferentway，"BillingtontoldN.au.Herviewisbackedupbytwolinguists，LaurenSpradlin，andTaylorJones，fromtheCityUniversityofNewYorkandtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarespectively.Thetwobelievethattotes-speakisahighly-organizedsystemthatcanonlybeusedbyspeakerswhohavemasteredEnglishpronunciation.

"Theabilitytobreakapartsyllablesandmixdifferentsoundstogetheriskey.Totesingisaboutsounds，anditfollowsthesometimescomplicatedsoundsystemofEnglish，"JonestoldTheWashingtonPost.Totesingisnotrandom.Onthecontrary，ithasstrictrulestofollow.YouneedtobeveryfluentintheEnglishlanguagetobeabletounderstandtotes-speak.8.Theunderlinedphrase"outoftheloop"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans______.A.acceptedeasily B.boredandannoyed

C.comfortableandrelaxed D.unawareofcertaininformation9.Howdoestheauthorexplainthephenomenonoftotesing？______A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bygivingdescriptions. D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.10.WhatisLaurenSpradlin'sattitudetowardthepracticeoftotesing？______A.Worried. B.Cautious. C.Positive. D.Critical.11.WhichofthefollowingmightTaylorJonesagreewith？______A.Internetslangismostlycreatedbyprofessionallinguists.

B.Totesingismainlyaboutmakingwordseasiertopronounce.

C.Totesingshouldbepromotedsinceitiscool，creative，andtime-saving.

D.Totesingrequiresspeakerstomasterthelanguage'srulesverywell.DScientistshavesuccessfullyimplantedandintegratedhumanbraincellsintonewbornrats，creatinganewwaytostudycomplexpsychiatricdisorderssuchasschizophrenia（精神分裂癥），andperhapseventuallytesttreatments.

Scientistscanassemblesmallsectionsofhumanbraintissuemadefromstemcellsinaspecialcontainer.Butinsuchacontainer，"neurons（神經(jīng)元）don'tgrowtothesize，towhichahumanneuroninanactualhumanbrainwouldgrow，"saidSergiuPasca，thestudy'sleadauthorfromStanfordUniversity.Toovercomesuchrestrictions，researchersimplantedthegroupingsofhumanbraincells，calledorganoids，intothebrainsofyoungrats.

Humanneuronshavealsobeenimplantedintoadultratsbefore，butananimal'sbrainstopsdevelopingatacertainage，limitinghowwellimplantedcellscanintegrate."Bytransplantingthemattheseearlystages，wefoundthattheseorganoidscangrowrelativelylargeandreceivenutrients，andtheycancoveraboutathirdofarat'sbrain，"saidPasca.

Totesthowwellthehumanneuronsintegratedwiththeratbrainsandbodies，airwasblownoutacrosstheanimals'whiskers，whichpromptedelectricalactivityinthehumanneurons.Thatshowedthatexternalstimulationoftherat'sbodywasprocessedbythehumanbraintissue.

Thescientiststhenconductedanothertestintheoppositeorder.Theyimplantedhumanbraincellswhichcouldrespondtobluelight，andthentrainedtheratstoexpecta"reward"ofwaterfromapipewhenbluelightshoneontheneuronsviaacableintheanimals'brain.Aftertwoweeks，theyfoundpulsingthebluelightsenttheratsscramblingtothepipe.

TheteamhasnowusedthetechniquetoshowthatorganoidsdevelopedfrompatientswithTimothysyndromegrowmoreslowlyanddisplaylesselectricalactivitythanthosefromhealthypeople.

TaraSpires-Jones，aprofessorattheUniversityofEdinburgh'sUKDementiaResearchInstitute，saidthework"hasthepotentialtoadvancewhatweknowaboutpsychiatricdisorders."12.Whydidscientistsresearchonratsinsteadofthespecialcontainer？______A.Becausepsychiatricdisordersaretoocomplex.

B.Becauseratsalsosuffersimilarpsychiatricillnesses.

C.Becauseitlimitsthegrowthofhumanbrainneurons.

D.Becausehumanbrainneuronsgrowtooquicklyinit.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3？______A.Rats'agehasasignificantinfluenceontheresearch.

B.Humanbraincellscan'tbeimplantedintoadultrats.

C.Rats'brainwon'tdevelopiftheyreceivehumanneurons.

D.Humanneuronscangrowlargerinadultrats'brainthanyoungrats'.14.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutonemoretest？______A.Totrainratstorespondtoexternalstimulations.

B.Toshowsimilaritiesbetweenratsandhumantissues.

C.Toconfirmhumanbraincellscouldgrowwellinrats'brains.

D.Tocheckwhethersignalscouldbesentbacktorats'body.15.Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch？______A.Itcanadvancemoreexperimentsonrats.

B.Itcanfurtherourstudyofpsychiatricillnesses.

C.Itcanprovidesomeusefulexperimentalmethods.

D.Itcanpromoteourknowledgeofhumanbraincells.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）FourCommonCommunicationMistakes

Itcanbeembarrassingtomakemistakesincommunication.Forexample，ifyousendanemailwithagrammaticalerror，youcanenduplookingunprofessional.(16)Forexample，theycanpushawaycolleaguesorcustomers.Nowlet'slookatsomecommoncommunicationmistakes.

(17)

Spelling，toneandgrammaticalmistakescanmakeyoulookcareless.That'swhyit'sessentialtocheckallofyourcommunicationsbeforeyousendthem.Sometimes，itcanbedifficulttoseeerrorsinyourownwork.Soconsideraskingacolleaguetolookoverkeydocumentsbeforeyoudistributethem.

Youalwaysdeliverbadnewsbyemail.

Wouldyouannouncesomethingbadtoothersbyemail？Ifyoudid，youcouldupsetthem!Writtencommunicationchannelsdon'tallowyoutosoftendifficultmessageswithnon-verbal（非言語(yǔ)的）clues，suchasbodylanguage.(18)Soifyouneedtodeliverbadnews，dothisinperson.

Youtendtoavoiddifficultconversations.

Atsomepoint，youwillneedtogivenegativefeedback（反饋意見(jiàn)）.Itmayseemwisetoavoidsuchconversation.(19)Forinstance，youmayfindthatasmallproblemyou"letgo"soongrowsintoabigone.Preparationisthekeytohandlingdifficultconversations.Learntogiveclear，actionablefeedback.

Youarereactinginsteadofresponding.

Haveyouevershoutedatacolleagueinupset，orsentabriefandunfriendlyreplytoanemail，withoutthinkingyourpointthrough？Ifso，you'relikelytohavereactedemotionally，insteadofrespondingcalmly.Thekindofemotionalreactioncandamageyourreputation.(20)

A．Youfailtohaveyourworkedited.

B．Butthiscancausefurtherproblems.

C．Difficultconversationscancauseupset.

D．Youassumeothersunderstandyourmessages.

E．Youmaygiveotherstheimpressionoflackingself-control.

F．Andtheydon'tallowyoutoimmediatelydealwithstrongemotions.

G．Othercommunicationmistakescanhavemoreseriousconsequences.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）

Iwasoutformyusualmorningrunandfoundmyselfinthelatesummerheat,

(21)

.IfonlyIhadtakenawaterbottle.AfterIstoppedunderabridgetosheltermyselffromthesunforamomentof

(22)

,Isawtwoyoung,

(23)

menstandingnexttotheirsleepingbags.Onesmiledandgentlyraisedhishandasifhewereabouttosayhello,buthedidn'tsayaword.Hewasn'taskingfor

(24)

.Ismiledandraisedmyhand,too.

AsIstartedbackonmyrunning,Ithoughtabouthowmuchweall

(25)

toconnectwithotherpeople.Atthatmoment,thismanseemedtowantconnectwithsomeoneelse

(26)

hewantedfoodormoney.Wehaveallhad

(27)

offeelingseparateandlonely.Ioncefeltlonelybeinginarelationshipthat

(28)

anemotionalconnection.Feelingseparateddoesn'thaveanythingtodowithbeingalone,

(29)

isaboutthehumandesiretofeelconnectedbybeingseenandvaluedbyanotherperson.

Weall

(30)

fromconnection.Thathomelessmanaffectedmyday.Aftermeetinghim,Ifeltmoregratefulanditmademe

(31)

allthatIhave.Hemademefeelconcernedforhim.Ihadthechoicetomovetowardseparationorconnection.

???????

Separationislookingatthehomelesspersonandfocusingonhow

(32)

helooks.Connectionisunderstandingthatheinfluencedmydayby

(33)

tome.Icanreflectontimesinmylifewhen,likehim,IwasinasituationIhadneverexpected.TherehavebeentimeswhenIfeltdown,andtimeswhenIneededsomeoneto

(34)

whathewasdoingandsayhellotome.

Payattentiontodayandnoticewhetheryoutendtomovetowardseparationorconnection.Ifyourtendencyistospendtimealone,

(35)

saying"yes"toinvitations.Practicemovingtowardratherthanawayfrompeople.21.

A.hot B.tired C.breathless D.thirsty22.

A.peace B.joy C.shade D.breath23.

A.handsome B.homeless C.disabled D.tall24.

A.anything B.nothing C.everything D.all25.

A.need B.have C.try D.seek26.

A.other

than B.less

than C.rather

than D.better

than27.

A.expectations B.purposes C.experiences D.worries28.

A.lacked B.contained C.enjoyed D.valued29.

A.or B.and C.so D.but30.

A.benefit B.recover C.suffer D.come31.

A.lose B.question C.recognize D.appreciate32.

A.kind B.neat C.unhappy D.unclean33.

A.reaching

out B.giving

in C.turning D.replying34.

A.continue B.accomplish C.handle D.stop35.

A.keep B.practice C.deny D.imagine四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

AboutthesametimeasmodernhumanspushedintoEurope，someofthesamegroupthathadpausedintheMiddleEastspreadeastintoCentralAsia，wherethey(1)（eventual）reachedasfarasSiberia，theKoreanpeninsula（半島），andJapan.Herebeginsoneofthelastchaptersinthehumanstory—thepeoplingoftheAmericas.

Mostscientistsbelievethattoday'sNativeAmericansdescend（是…的后裔）fromancientAsians(2)crossedfromSiberiatoAlaskainthelasticeage，whenlowsealevelswouldhaveexposedalandbridge(3)thecontinents.Theyprobablytraveledalongthecoast—perhapsafewhundredpeoplemovingfromonepieceoflandtothenext，betweena(4)（freeze）oceanandawallofice."A(5)（coast）routewouldhavebeentheeasiestwayin，"saysWells."Butitstillwouldhavebeenahellofatrip."Onceacross，they(6)（follow）theimmenseherdsofanimalsintothemainlandandspreadtothetipofSouthAmericainaslittleasathousandyears.

Geneticresearcherscanonlytellusthebasicoutlinesofastoryofhumanmigrationthatisricherandmorecomplexthananyever(7)（write）.Mostofthedetailsofthemovementsofourancestorsandtheircountlessindividuallivesindifferenttimesandplacescanonly(8)（imagine）.(9)thankstogeneticresearchers，themselvesdescendantsofmtDNAEveandY-chromosomeAdam，wehavebegunto(10)（lock）importantsecretsabouttheoriginsandmovementsofourancientancestors.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假如你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Tom在你和家人去英國(guó)旅游的時(shí)候給你提供了很多幫助。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封電子郵件表達(dá)感謝，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）告知已平安回國(guó)；

（2）回顧幫助與收獲；

（3）邀請(qǐng)來(lái)中國(guó)游玩。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右；

（2）適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。38."Breakfasttime!"Iquicklyputonmyclothesandrusheddownthestairs.

"Comeon，wedon'twanttobelate！"Mymomsaid.Thearoma（香味）ofpancakesfilledthekitchen，makingtheroomwarm.Ilookedoutofthewindow.Thesunwasout，makingawarmandbrightmorning.

"Today'stheday，ziplining（高空滑索）！"Mydadsaid，soundingveryenthusiasticearlythismorning.

Todaywewouldgoziplining.Theexcitementbuiltupinsideofmeasbreakfastwenton.Afterbreakfast，wesetoutinmydad'scar.Halfwaythroughtheride，thesungrewhot，andtheleatherontheseatsburnedmylegs.Ithoughtaboutthetrip，howmyparentswentbutnotme.Itwasmyfirsttimeexperiencingsomethinglikethis.Ialsothoughtaboutmyfearofheights，onethingItriedtogetridofmultipletimes.Itgotinthewayofsomanyfunactivities，likerollercoastersatKingsIsland.

Wewerebasicallytherebynow，thesunstillblazinghot.Wepulleduptobigsignwhereourinstructorwaitedforus.

"Hiy'all！"saidourinstructorcheerfully.

"So，havey'alldonethisbefore？"

MyparentsnoddedbutIshookmyhead.Ourinstructorwentoversafetyinstructionswhileweeachputonasafetyharness（安全帶）.Istartedtogetnervous.Anever-endingrollercoasterofexcitementandanxiousnessbuiltinsideofme.Ilookeddownthecliff（懸崖）.Myheartskippedabeatwhenthewindhowled，blowingleavesandtwigsinthetrees.Mylegsstartedtoshake.

Para.1：

"Alrighty'all，timetohitthetrails".Saidtheinstructorwithtoomuchenthusiasm.

Para.2：

Myturnfinallycame.(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段CheckoutevenmorefreecontentintheBooklistBlog：/booklist-blog.（在BooklistBlog中查看更多免費(fèi)內(nèi)容：/booklist-blog。）可推知，的booklist-blog是為內(nèi)容愛(ài)好者設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AboutBooklist部分Booklist

isabook-reviewmagazinethathasbeenpublishedbyALA（theAmericanLibraryAssociation）formorethan100yearsandiswidelyviewedasofferingthemostreliablereviewstohelplibrariesdecidewhattobuyandtohelplibrarypatrons（贊助人）andstudentsdecidewhattoread，view，orlistento.（《書(shū)單》是由美國(guó)圖書(shū)館協(xié)會(huì)（ALA）出版的一本有100多年歷史的書(shū)評(píng)雜志，被廣泛認(rèn)為是提供最可靠的書(shū)評(píng)，幫助圖書(shū)館決定購(gòu)買什么，幫助圖書(shū)館的顧客和學(xué)生決定閱讀、觀看或收聽(tīng)什么。）可知，它的評(píng)論是值得信賴的，使得書(shū)單在存在了一個(gè)多世紀(jì)之后仍然很受歡迎。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rights&Permissions部分Libraries

that

subscribe

to

Booklist

may

post

a

link

to

Booklist

Reader

on

their

websites，in

patron-facing

newsletters，and

other

library-marketing

materials.（訂閱Booklist的圖書(shū)館可以在他們的網(wǎng)站、面向讀者的通訊和其他圖書(shū)館營(yíng)銷材料中發(fā)布BooklistReader的鏈接。）可知，訂閱Booklist的圖書(shū)館可以為讀者提供書(shū)目閱讀器的訪問(wèn)鏈接。故選D。

本文主要介紹了如何獲取Booklist

Reader的印刷版，以及通過(guò)書(shū)店、圖書(shū)館或在線訪問(wèn)獲取更多信息的方法。此外，還提供了Shelf

Care和Shelf

Care

Interview的播客、電子新聞通訊、博客等免費(fèi)內(nèi)容。文章還介紹了Booklist的歷史、作用以及如何獲取許可和權(quán)限。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。4~7.【答案】D、D、A、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述的是Gaylord的家著火后，他的狗狗Madison依舊等待主人歸來(lái)，這讓Gaylord十分地感動(dòng)。

1.

根據(jù)第二段中Madison'sowner,AndreaGaylord,wasnotabletogettoherhomeinParadise,California,whenthefirebegantospreadonNov.8,meaningMadisonwasleftbehind.（11月8日，當(dāng)大火開(kāi)始蔓延時(shí)，Madison的主人Gaylord無(wú)法回到她在加州Paradise的家，這意味著狗狗被留了下來(lái)。）可知，狗狗之所以被留了下來(lái)是因?yàn)橹魅藷o(wú)法回家。故選D。2.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"WELL,I'msoHAPPYtoreportthatAndreawasallowed...asofSaturdayevening.（“嗯，我很高興地告訴大家，安德里亞今天被允許回到她的房子，麥迪遜就在那里！?。。∷粝聛?lái)保護(hù)它僅存的家園，從未放棄他的人民！”沙利文在她的Facebook帖子中寫(xiě)道，截至周六晚上，她的帖子被分享了1.2萬(wàn)次。）可知，沙利文感動(dòng)得原因是她被狗狗的所作所為和狗狗能夠與主人Gaylord的重逢感動(dòng)了。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子Imaginetheloyaltyofhanginginthroughtheworstofcircumstancesandbeingherewaiting.（想象一下在最糟糕的情況下堅(jiān)持下去并在這里等待的忠誠(chéng)。）可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)狗狗Madison對(duì)待主人在最糟糕的情況下依舊堅(jiān)持等待主人，這是無(wú)比忠誠(chéng)的狗狗。故劃線詞與A選項(xiàng)“Madison是最忠誠(chéng)的狗”為同義句。故選A。

4.

通讀全文，文章講述的是Gaylord的家著火后，因?yàn)榛饎?shì)以及當(dāng)?shù)負(fù)p傷慘重，狗主人無(wú)法回家，但是他的狗狗Madison依舊等待主人歸來(lái)，這讓Gaylord十分地感動(dòng)。由此C選項(xiàng)“一只忠誠(chéng)的狗在火災(zāi)后與它的主人團(tuán)聚?！备爬ㄎ恼轮饕獌?nèi)容。故選C。8~11.【答案】D、B、C、D【解析】（1）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段LOVEitorhateit，thereisnoescapefromInternetslang.（愛(ài)也好，恨也罷，網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)無(wú)處不在）及第二段Thesedays，iftheyhaven'tcaughtupwiththelatestpopularInternetslang（如今，如果他們還沒(méi)有跟上最新流行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)）可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)很流行，如果他們還沒(méi)有跟上最新流行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)，他們很可能會(huì)覺(jué)得自己不知道社交媒體上的信息。由此推知，劃線短語(yǔ)的意思是"不知道某些信息"。故選D項(xiàng)。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段TakethesepostsbyTheWashingtonPostforexample："DavidBowiedyingistotestradge"and"WhenCookiehuggedJamalitmademetotesemosh."Whatonearthdothesemean？Well，"totes"isashortformoftheadverb"totally".Likewise，"tradge"means"tragic"and"emosh"means"emotional".（以《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的這些帖子為例："davidbowie的死就是totestradge"和"Cookie擁抱jamal讓我感到totesemosh"這到底是什么意思？""totes"是副詞"total"的縮寫(xiě)形式。同樣，"tradge"表示"悲劇"，"emosh"表示"情緒化"）可知，作者是通過(guò)實(shí)例來(lái)解釋totesing的現(xiàn)象的。A．By

making

comparisons.通過(guò)比較；B．By

listing

examples.通過(guò)列舉例子；C．By

giving

descriptions.通過(guò)描述；D．By

analyzing

cause

and

effect.通過(guò)分析因果。故選B項(xiàng)。

（3）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Herviewisbackedupbytwolinguists，LaurenSpradlinandTaylorJones，fromtheCityUniversityofNewYorkandtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarespectively.Thetwobelievethattotes-speakisahighly-organizedsystemthatcanonlybeusedbyspeakerswhohavemasteredEnglishpronunciation.（她的觀點(diǎn)得到了紐約城市大學(xué)和賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)兩位語(yǔ)言學(xué)家LaurenSpradlin和TaylorJones的支持。兩人認(rèn)為，totesspeak是一個(gè)高度組織的系統(tǒng)，只有掌握了英語(yǔ)發(fā)音的人才能使用）可推知，LaurenSpradlin對(duì)于Totesing是積極的態(tài)度。A．Worried.擔(dān)心的；B．Cautious.謹(jǐn)慎的；C．Positive.積極的；D．Critical.批評(píng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Totesingisaboutsounds，anditfollowsthesometimes-complicatedsoundsystemofEnglish，"JonestoldTheWashingtonPost."Totesingisnotrandom.Onthecontrary，ithasstrictrulestofollow.YouneedtobeveryfluentintheEnglishlanguagetobeabletounderstandtotes-speak."（Jones告訴《華盛頓郵報(bào)》："Totesing是關(guān)于聲音的，它遵循的是很復(fù)雜的英語(yǔ)聲音系統(tǒng)。Totesing不是隨機(jī)的。相反，它有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)則要遵守。你需要非常流利的英語(yǔ)，才能理解他們的語(yǔ)言）可推知，Totesing要求使用者很好地掌握這門語(yǔ)言的規(guī)則。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)很受歡迎，《華盛頓郵報(bào)》最近的一篇文章指出，許多千禧一代的俚語(yǔ)詞匯都是由語(yǔ)言學(xué)家所說(shuō)的"totesing"行為形成的，這是詞匯的系統(tǒng)性縮寫(xiě)。有些人認(rèn)為千禧一代俚語(yǔ)對(duì)英語(yǔ)有負(fù)面影響，然而一些語(yǔ)言學(xué)家卻不這么認(rèn)為。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Scientistscanassemblesmallsectionsofhumanbraintissuemadefromstemcellsinaspecialcontainer.Butinsuchacontainer，"neurons（神經(jīng)元）don'tgrowtothesize，towhichahumanneuroninanactualhumanbrainwouldgrow，"saidSergiuPasca，thestudy'sleadauthorfromStanfordUniversity.（科學(xué)家們可以將由干細(xì)胞制成的一小部分人腦組織組裝在一個(gè)特殊的容器中。但在這樣的容器中，"神經(jīng)元不會(huì)生長(zhǎng)到實(shí)際人腦中人類神經(jīng)元生長(zhǎng)的大小，"來(lái)自斯坦福大學(xué)的該研究的主要作者SergiuPasca說(shuō)。）可知，放在特殊容器中，容易限制神經(jīng)元的生長(zhǎng)，故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Humanneuronshavealsobeenimplantedintoadultratsbefore，butananimal'sbrainstopsdevelopingatacertainage，limitinghowwellimplantedcellscanintegrate.（人類神經(jīng)元以前也被植入成年大鼠體內(nèi)，但動(dòng)物的大腦在特定年齡停止發(fā)育，限制了植入細(xì)胞的整合程度。）可知，神經(jīng)元在成年大鼠體內(nèi)成長(zhǎng)的不是很完善，更早期移植卻能長(zhǎng)的相對(duì)大一些。因此可以得知，大鼠的年齡對(duì)研究也有一定影響。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Thescientiststhenconductedanothertestintheoppositeorder：Theyimplantedhumanbraincellswhichcouldrespondtobluelight，andthentrainedtheratstoexpecta"reward"ofwaterfromapipewhenbluelightshoneontheneuronsviaacableintheanimals'brain.Aftertwoweeks，theyfoundpulsingthebluelightsenttheratsscramblingtothepipe.（然后，科學(xué)家們以相反的順序進(jìn)行了另一項(xiàng)測(cè)試：他們植入了對(duì)藍(lán)光有反應(yīng)的人類腦細(xì)胞，然后訓(xùn)練大鼠在藍(lán)光通過(guò)動(dòng)物大腦中的電纜照射到神經(jīng)元時(shí)，期望從管道中獲得水的"獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)"。兩周后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)脈沖藍(lán)光會(huì)讓老鼠爬向管道。）可知，科學(xué)家們?cè)僮鲆淮螌?shí)驗(yàn)是為了核實(shí)信號(hào)是否會(huì)被反射回身體里。故選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段TaraSpires-Jones，aprofessorattheUniversityofEdinburgh'sUKDementiaResearchInstitute，saidthework"hasthepotentialtoadvancewhatweknowaboutpsychiatricdisorders."（愛(ài)丁堡大學(xué)英國(guó)癡呆癥研究所的塔拉?斯派爾斯-瓊斯教授說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)工作"有可能推進(jìn)我們對(duì)精神疾病的了解。"）可知，這項(xiàng)研究有助于推進(jìn)研究者對(duì)精神疾病的了解。故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了科學(xué)家們成功地將人類腦細(xì)胞植入新生大鼠體內(nèi)，為研究精神分裂癥等復(fù)雜精神疾病創(chuàng)造了一種新方法。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。16~20.【答案】G、A、F、B、E【解析】（1）G.邏輯關(guān)系題。由上文Itcanbeembarrassingtomakemistakesincommunication.Forexample，ifyousendanemailwithagrammaticalerror，youcanenduplookingunprofessional.（在交流中犯錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)讓人尷尬。例如，如果你發(fā)送了一封語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的電子郵件，你最終可能看起來(lái)不專業(yè)。）可知，上文提到郵件中的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤會(huì)給人留下不專業(yè)的印象，且下文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明其他錯(cuò)誤交流方式會(huì)造成更嚴(yán)重的后果。G項(xiàng)：Othercommunicationmistakescanhavemoreseriousconsequences.（其他溝通錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生更嚴(yán)重的后果。）符合語(yǔ)境，與上文存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系且與下文存在解釋關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。

（2）A.段落主旨題。由下文Spelling，toneandgrammaticalmistakescanmakeyoulookcareless.That'swhyit'sessentialtocheckallofyourcommunicationsbeforeyousendthem.Sometimes，itcanbedifficulttoseeerrorsinyourownwork.Soconsideraskingacolleaguetolookoverkeydocumentsbeforeyoudistributethem.（拼寫(xiě)、語(yǔ)氣和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤會(huì)讓你看起來(lái)很粗心。這就是為什么在發(fā)送之前檢查所有通信至關(guān)重要的原因。有時(shí)，很難看到自己工作中的錯(cuò)誤。因此，請(qǐng)考慮讓同事在分發(fā)關(guān)鍵文檔之前先查看這些文檔。）可知，本段主要陳述了一種常見(jiàn)的交流中的錯(cuò)誤行為：在將文本發(fā)出去之前未對(duì)其進(jìn)行校對(duì)。A項(xiàng)：Youfailtohaveyourworkedited.（你的作品沒(méi)有被編輯。）符合語(yǔ)境，是本段的主旨句。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）F.推理判斷題。由上文Wouldyouannouncesomethingbadtoothersbyemail？Ifyoudid，youcouldupsetthem!Writtencommunicationchannelsdon'tallowyoutosoftendifficultmessageswithnon-verbal（非言語(yǔ)的）clues，suchasbodylanguage.（你會(huì)通過(guò)電子郵件向別人宣布一些不好的事情嗎？如果你這么做了，你可能會(huì)讓他們不高興！書(shū)面溝通渠道不允許你用非語(yǔ)言線索（如肢體語(yǔ)言）軟化困難的信息。）可知，這里主要陳述了書(shū)面溝通渠道傳達(dá)負(fù)面消息的缺點(diǎn)。F項(xiàng)：Andtheydon'tallowyoutoimmediatelydealwithstrongemotions.（它們不允許你立即處理強(qiáng)烈的情緒。）符合語(yǔ)境，其中they指代前面Writtencommunicationchannels，且與下文存在并列關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)。

（4）B.邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題Youtendtoavoiddifficultconversations.（你常常會(huì)避免困難的談話。）可知，本段闡述你會(huì)避免困難談話，由上文Atsomepoint，youwillneedtogivenegativefeedback（反饋意見(jiàn)）.Itmayseemwisetoavoidsuchconversation.

（在某個(gè)時(shí)候，你需要給出負(fù)面的反饋。避免這樣的談話似乎是明智的。）可知，有時(shí)我們應(yīng)給出負(fù)面的反饋，似乎避免困難的談話是明智的，B項(xiàng)：Butthiscancausefurtherproblems.（但這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致進(jìn)一步的問(wèn)題。）符合語(yǔ)境，該項(xiàng)中的this指代上文的"toavoidsuchconversation"，but表示與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示這樣的做法會(huì)造成進(jìn)一步的問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。