北京市豐臺(tái)區(qū)高三一模英語(yǔ)試卷第5頁(yè)（共12頁(yè)）豐臺(tái)區(qū)2018年高三年級(jí)第二學(xué)期綜合練習(xí)（一）英語(yǔ)2018.03本試卷滿(mǎn)分共120分考試時(shí)間100分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必先將答題卡上的學(xué)校、年級(jí)、班級(jí)、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用黑色字跡簽字筆填寫(xiě)清楚，并認(rèn)真核對(duì)條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名，在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”貼好條形碼。2.本次考試所有答題均在答題卡上完成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆以正確填涂方式將各小題對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦除干凈后再選涂其它選項(xiàng)。非選擇題必須使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)黑色字跡簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，要求字體工整、字跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)嚴(yán)格按照答題卡上題號(hào)在相應(yīng)答題區(qū)內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試卷、草稿紙上答題無(wú)效。4.請(qǐng)保持答題卡卡面清潔，不要裝訂、不要折疊、不要破損。筆試（共三部分120分）第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Teenagersgetlessandlesssleep,thematahigherriskofphysical

andmentalhealthproblems.A.putting B.put C.toput D.beingput2.—Isn’tthatAnn’sbrotheroverthere?—No.Itbehim.Heneverwearsglasses.A.won’t B.mustnot C.can’t D.maynot3.Asplendideight-minuteshowonBeijingattheclosingceremonyofthe2018WinterOlympics.A.staged B.willbestaged C.hadstaged D.wasstaged4.Jackisdeterminedtogetaseatfortheconcertitmeansstandinginaqueueallnight.A.sothat B.incase C.eventhough D.asif5.—Winterisoveratlast.Timetoputawaymyglovesandboots.—Great!Iforthisformonths.A.willwait B.havebeenwaitingC.waswaiting D.waited6.—Abookbarisbeingbuiltnearourschool.—Yes.Itissaidthatthebarsoon.A.hasopened B.willopen C.wouldopen D.opened7.Beijingplanstobuilditsfirstbicyclelaneconnectsaresidentialareawithabusinesscenter.A.which B.who C.what D.where8.TravelFrogbyaJapanesegamestudiohasbecomeahitinChina.A.tobecreated B.created C.beingcreated D.creating9.Inameeting,XiJinpingsharedastoryonhisparentspasseddownimportantmoralvaluestohim.A.what B.which C.how D.when10.A.Toencourage B.HavingencouragedC.Encouraged D.Encouraging11.—Ourcountryisdevelopingatanamazingspeed!—Yes.Thisismakesmefeelsoproud.A.which B.why C.where D.what12.——Don’tmentionit.A.hadbeen B.wouldhavebeenC.shouldbe D.wouldbe 13.Informationtechnologyistaughtinmostschools,wehaveenteredtheinformationsociety.A.so B.while C.and D.for14.IntheUKtheclocksforward1hourat1amonthelastSundayin

March,andback1hourat2amonthelastSundayinOctober.A.went B.aregoing C.go D.havegone15.It’simportantforagirltoknowwhatcolorslookgoodherskin．A.at B.on C.above D.against第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Yasmeen’sMehndiMehndiMehndi40.WiththeexamplesofMartinandEmily,thespeakerwantstoshow.A.thedangeroftrafficB.theagegroupsofdriversC.thedemandforpublictransportationD.thecomplaintsabouttransportationmeans41.Takingpublictransportationinsteadofacar,Hannahmaysave

peryear.A.$10,000 B.$4,700 C.$4,000 D.42.Accordingtothespeaker,thepublictransportationsystemmay.A.reducetheemploymentopportunitiesB.decreasethechanceofdangerousdrivingC.bringmorebenefitwithoutextraexpenseD.increasethebudgetforroadsconstruction43.Theintendedaudienceofthespeechare.A.governmentofficials B.universitystudentsC.thecitizens D.theelderlyCInthepastmanystudiesplaced

toomuch

emphasis

onhowanimals

aretrainedtolearn.Butrecentlymoreandmorestudieshavefocusedonhowanimalsequipthemselvestolearn.pineconeOnestudy

startedwith

aschoolfieldtriptoapineforest

wheremanypineconeswerediscovered,stripped(剝殼)tothecentral

core.

Sotheinvestigationwasdirectedatfindingoutwhatwaseatingthepineseedsandhowtheymanagedtogetthemoutofthecones.

Theculpritprovedtobethe

blackrat,andthe

technique

wastobiteeachcone

frombasetotop,

followingthegrowthpatternofthecone.pineconeUrbanblackratswerefoundtolacktheskill.However,babiesofurbanmotherscross-fosteredbystrippermothersacquiredtheskill,

whereas

babiesofstrippermothersfosteredbyanurbanmothercouldnot.Clearlytheskillhadtobelearnedfromthemother.Inthecaseofrats,theyoungsterstakeconesawayfromthemotherwhensheisstilleatingthem,allowingthemto

acquire

thestrippingskill.Anotherstudy,BirdBehaviour,providesadifferentviewoftheadaptivenessofsociallearning.Itconcernstheseedcaching(hiding)behaviourofClark’s

Nutcracker

andtheMexicanJay.Theformerisaspecialist,cachingabout30,000seedsinscatteredlocationsthatitwill

recover

overthemonthsofwinter;theMexicanJaywillalsocachefoodbutismuchlessdependentonthisthantheNutcracker.Thetwospeciesalsodifferintheirsocial

structure:

theNutcrackerpreferslivingalonewhile,theJay,insocialgroups.Theexperimentistodiscoverifabirdcanrememberwhereithidaseedbutalsoifitcanrememberwhereitsawanotherbirdhideaseed.The

design

is

funnywithacacherbirdhidingfoodinaroom,while

watched

bya

cagedobserver

bird.Twodayslater,cachersandobserversaretestedfortheirdiscoveryrateagainstestimatedrandomperformance(預(yù)估隨機(jī)表現(xiàn)).Bothcachersperformedabovechance.Moresurprisingly,jayobserverswereassuccessfulasjaycachers,whereas

nutcrackerobserversdidnobetterthanchance.Itseemsthat,

whereas

theNutcrackerishighly

skilled

atrememberingwhereithiditsownseeds,thesociallivingMexicanJayismoreadeptatremembering,andsomakinguseof,thecachesofothers.44.Urbanblackratswereabletolearntostripwhen.A.fedbystrippermothersB.fosteredbyurbanmothersC.livingwithstripperbabiesD.eatingconesbythemselves45.InBirdBehaviorStudy,wecanconcludethat.A.nutcrakerobserversperformwellinrememberingB.theClark’sNutcrakerhasbetterlearningskillsC.theMexicanJaybenefitsfromsociallivingD.jaycachersareonlygoodathidingfood46.Accordingtothepassage,bothstudiesshowthat.A.skillsareequippedinchildhoodB.skillsimprovebypracticeC.animalsstudythroughplayingD.animalslearnbyexamplesDTheorganicfoodhasgainedalotofpopularityastheyarebeingconsideredashealthierandtastier.

Afairnumberofpeopleadvocatealarge-scaleshifttoorganicfarmingfromconventionalagriculture.Butthismightnotseemwell-founded.Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.Conventionalfarminggetsmoreandmorecroppersquarefootofland,whichcanmeanlesswildernessneedstobetransformedtofarmland.Tomakefarmingmoreefficient,conventionalagricultureusesasignificantamountofsyntheticfertilizer(合成肥料)eachyear,andallthatnitrogen(氮)enablesmuchfasterplantgrowth.However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemouthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.Toweakentheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture,improvesoilqualityaswellasproducehealthierfoods,somefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Environmentalistshavealsowelcomedorganicfoodasbetterfortheplanetthanthefoodproducedbyagriculturalcorporations.Organicpractices—refusingartificialfertilizersandchemicalpesticides—areconsideredfarmoresustainable.Salesoforganicfoodrose7.7%in2010,upto$26.7billion—andpeoplearemakingthosepurchasesfortheirmoralsensesasmuchastheirtongues.Yetanewmeta-analysisinNaturedoesthemathandcomestoahardconclusion:organicfarmingproduces25%fewercropsonaveragethanconventionalagriculture.Thisisdefinitelyadownsideoforganicfarming,especiallywhenglobalpopulationisstillgrowingrapidly.IntheNatureanalysis,scientistsperformedananalysisof66studiescomparingconventionalandorganicmethodsacross34differentcropspecies,fromfruitstograins.Theyfoundthatorganicfarmingdeliveredaloweroutputforeverycroptype,thoughthedifferencevariedwidely.Forcropslikefruittrees,organictrailedconventionalagriculturebyjust5%.Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables—allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories—conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicsbymorethan25%.Whatthatmeansisthatwhileorganicfarmingmaybemoresustainablethanconventionalagriculture,therearetrade-offs(此消彼長(zhǎng))witheach.Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.47.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.A.comparetwotypesoffarmingB.criticizeconventionalagricultureC.discussthedevelopmentoffarmingD.argueforarealisticagriculturesystem48.Accordingtothepassage,conventionalfarming.A.producesmorecropswithfewerfertilizersB.achievesefficiencyatahugecosttotheenvironmentC.offersalong-termsolutiontoglobaldemandforfoodD.performsfarbetterforeachcroptypethanorganicfarming49.Theauthormayagreewith.A.employingorganicfarmingtoplantriceB.adoptingorganicpracticestogrowpotatoC.usingconventionalmethodstoplantcabbageD.applyingconventionalfarmingtogrowingapple50.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?A. B.C. D.CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C：Conclusion第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PeopleArePeople.51Andoursocietyhaslatelyemphasizedtheimportanceofdiversity.52Takethefollowingoldproverbsforexample.“Honestyisthefirstchapterinthebookofwisdom.”ThomasJefferson,AmericanPresident“Onefalsehoodspoilsathousandtruths.”Africanproverb“Behonesttothosewhoarehonest,andbealsohonesttothosewhoarenothonest.”LaoTzu,Chinesephilosopher“Asacrificeiswrittenoffbyalieandthemeritofdevotionbyanactofcheat.”Hindusaying53Thereseemstobeasortofculturalunity.Wedon’twishtoimplyallculturesarethesame.Culturaldiversityisreal,andpeoplefromdifferentculturesviewmanysituationsindifferentways.However,historically,differentculturesseemtosharemanycommonvalues.Theyarejustice,entlevelsofimportanceonthem.54

Butbothculturesmaystillvalueboth.Tous,itseemsasifthereissomesortofcodeofrightandwrongthateveryoneeverywhereseemstounderstand,regardlessofculture.Itisalmostasif,behindallofthediversity,onefindsacommonunderstanding—ahumanculture,ifyouwill—thatgoesbeyondracial,social,andpoliticalboundaries.55A.Eachvaluesupportsmanymorequotesfromdifferentcultures.B.Asculturesrubshoulderswitheachother,manydifferencesstandout.C.Thesequotesfromfourseparateculturesallsupportthesamevalue—honesty.D.Inotherwords,oneculturemayleanmoretowardjusticeandanotherculturemoretowardmercy.E.Itisalmostasif,despiteallourdifferences,weareallstillthesame—wearejustpeople.F.Wewanttoshow,however,thatthereismoretotheseculturesthandiversity.G.Allpeopleseemtoagreethatweshouldtellthetruth.第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)35分）第一節(jié)（15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Chris在郵件中詢(xún)問(wèn)你打算如何度過(guò)高三畢業(yè)后的暑假。請(qǐng)你給Chris回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.表達(dá)你對(duì)暑假的期盼；2.說(shuō)明你的假期計(jì)劃及理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearChris,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（請(qǐng)務(wù)必將第一節(jié)作文完整寫(xiě)在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）第二節(jié)情景作文（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三（1）班學(xué)生李華。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下四幅圖，給21世紀(jì)英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一封稿件，介紹上周你班同學(xué)邀請(qǐng)一位常年在學(xué)校附近拉二胡的老人參加校藝術(shù)節(jié)的過(guò)程。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于60；2.開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：拉二胡playtheerhuLastweek,aspecialguestwasinvitedtoourannualschoolartfestival._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（請(qǐng)務(wù)必將情景作文完整寫(xiě)在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）PAGE北京市豐臺(tái)區(qū)高三一模英語(yǔ)答案第4頁(yè)（共4頁(yè)）豐臺(tái)區(qū)2017-2018學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三英語(yǔ)綜合練習(xí)一答案及評(píng)分參考2018.3第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A11.D 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.D第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）16.B 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.A 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.D26.C 27.A 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.D 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.A 第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）36.D 37.A 38.D 39.B 40.C 41.B 42.C 43.A 44.A 45.C46.D 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.A第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）51.B 52. F 53.C 54.D 55.E第三部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）作文（15分）評(píng)分原則：1．本題總分為15分，按4個(gè)檔次給分。2．評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量初步確定其檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。3．評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)考慮：內(nèi)容是否完整，邏輯是否清晰，交際是否得體，語(yǔ)言是否規(guī)范。4．拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)或書(shū)寫(xiě)影響內(nèi)容表達(dá)時(shí)，應(yīng)視其影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫(xiě)及詞匯用法均可接受。5．詞數(shù)少于50，從總分中減去1分。各檔次給分范圍和要求:第一檔完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)?！?nèi)容完整，體現(xiàn)了清晰的邏輯；·交際得體，表達(dá)時(shí)充分考慮到交際對(duì)象的需求；·體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。13分－15分第二檔基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。·內(nèi)容、邏輯和交際等方面基本符合要求；·運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)法和詞匯基本滿(mǎn)足任務(wù)要求；·語(yǔ)法或用詞方面有一些錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解?；具_(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。9分－12分第三檔未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)?！に迷~匯有限，語(yǔ)法或用詞方面的錯(cuò)誤影響了對(duì)所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容的理解，未能清楚地傳達(dá)信息。4分－8分第四檔未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)?！?xiě)了少量相關(guān)信息；·語(yǔ)法或用詞方面錯(cuò)誤較多，嚴(yán)重影響了對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解。1分－3分0分未傳達(dá)任何信息；所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容與要求無(wú)關(guān)。PossibleversionsDearChris,I’msogladtohearfromyou.Yes,likeyousaid,IhavebeenlongingfortheupcomingsummervacationafterGaokao,duringwhichIcandoalotofamazingthings.Thisvacation,whichlastsabout3months,willundoubtedlybemylongestholidayever.Therefore,I’dliketomakeitasmeaningfulaspossible.Collegeisanimportantmilestoneinmylife,soIplantosupportmyselfthroughcollegeallbymyself.I’llbeginwithapart-timejobatMcDonalds,whichwillalsobeagreatchancetomeetmanyinterestingpeopleandlearnaboutsociety.Withthemoneyearned,I’llenrollinadrivingcourseandtrytogetmydriver’slicense.Howexcitingthatwillbe!AnotherthingI’manticipatingistoteachlittlekidsEnglishinmycommunityasavolunteerteacher.Youknowteachinghasbeenmydreamjob.Prettyexciting,huh?Whatareyourplansforthissummer?Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.(163Words)Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)情景作文（20分）一、評(píng)分原則：1．本題總分為20分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。2．評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量初步確定其檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。3．評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)考慮：內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的完整性、上下文的連貫、詞匯和句式的多樣性及語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性。4．拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)或書(shū)寫(xiě)影響內(nèi)容表達(dá)時(shí)，應(yīng)視其影響程度予以考