2022年吉林省松原市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Despitemultipleauthors,thebookis______throughoutthetext.

2.

Thegarmentsmadeofelectricity-storingcarbonnanotubefibersare"smart"inthattheyarebulletproofandcan______withsensors.

3.

Toensuretheirsales,sometobaccocompaniesstatedthattherewasstill"______"overtheeffectsofcigarettesonhealth.

4.

Besidesgenes,______factorsalsoplayaroleinourfate.

5.

ASEANleadersaskforincreasedhelpindealingwiththeregion'seconomiccrisisduringameetingon

6.GlobalWarming

Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION

Globalwarmingincreasesintheaveragetemperatureoftheatmosphere,oceans,andland-massesofEarth.Theplanethaswarmedmanytimesduringthe4.65billionyearsofitshistory.AtpresentEarthappearstobefacingarapidwarming,whichmostscientistsbelieveresults,atleastinpart,fromhumanactivities.Thechiefcauseofthiswarmingisthoughttobetheburningoffossilfuels,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas,whichreleasesintotheatmospherecarbondioxideandothersubstancesknownasgreenhousegases.Astheatmospherebecomesricherinthesegases,itbecomesabetterinsulator,retainingmoreoftheheatprovidedtotheplanetbytheSun.

TheaveragesurfacetemperatureofEarthisabout15Celsiusdegree.Overthelastcentury,thisaveragehasrisenbyabout0.6Celsiusdegree.Scientistspredictfurtherwarmingof1.4to5.8Celsiusdegreesbytheyear2100.Thistemperatureriseisexpectedtomeltpolaricecapsandglaciersaswellaswarmtheoceans,allofwhichwillexpandoceanvolumeandraisesealevelbyanestimated9to100cm,floodingsomecoastalregionsandevenentireislands.Someregionsinwarmerclimateswillreceivemorerainfallthanbefore,butsoilswilldryoutfasterbetweenstorms.Thissoildesiccationmaydamagefoodcrops,disruptingfoodsuppliesinsomepartsoftheworld.Plantandanimalspecieswillshifttheirrangestowardthepolesortohigherelevationsseekingcoolertemperatures,andspeciesthatcannotdosomaybecomeextinct.Thepotentialconsequencesofglobalwarmingaresogreatthatmanyoftheworld'sleadingscientistshavecalledforinternationalcooperationandimmediateactiontocounteracttheproblem.

Ⅱ.THEGREENHOUSEEFFECT

TheenergythatlightsandwarmsEarthcomesfromtheSun.Mostoftheenergythatfloodsontoourplanetisshort-waveradiation,includingvisiblelight.WhenthisenergystrikesthesurfaceofEarth,theenergychangesfromlighttoheatandwarmsEarth.Earth'ssurface,inturn,releasessomeofthisheataslong-waveinfraredradiation.

Muchofthislong-waveinfraredradiationmakesitallthewaybackouttospace,butaportionremainstrappedinEarth'satmosphere.Certaingasesintheatmosphere,includingwatervapor,carbondioxide,andmethane,providethetrap.AbsorbingandreflectinginfraredwavesradiatedbyEarth,thesegasesconserveheatastheglassinagreenhousedoesandarethusknownasgreenhousegases.Astheconcentrationofthesegreenhousegasesintheatmosphereincreases,moreheatenergyremainstrappedbelow.AlllifeonEarthreliesonthisgreenhouseeffectwithoutit,theplanetwouldbecolderbyabout33Celsiusdegrees,andicewouldcoverEarthfrompoletopole.However,agrowingexcessofgreenhousegasesinEarth'satmospherethreatenstotipthebalanceintheotherdirectiontowardcontinualwarming.

Ⅲ.TYPESOFGREENHOUSEGASES

Greenhousegasesoccurnaturallyintheenvironmentandalsoresultfromhumanactivities.Byfarthemostabundantgreenhousegasiswatervapor,whichreachestheatmospherethroughevaporationfromoceans,lakes,andrivers.

Carbondioxideisthenextmostabundantgreenhousegas.Itflowsintotheatmospherefrommanynaturalprocesses,suchasvolcaniceruptions;therespirationofanimals,whichbreatheinoxygenandexhalecarbondioxide;andtheburningordecayoforganicmatter,suchasplants.Carbondioxideleavestheatmospherewhenitisabsorbedintooceanwaterandthroughthephotosynthesisofplants,especiallytrees.Photosynthesisbreaksupcarbondioxide,releasingoxygenintotheatmosphereandincorporatingthecarbonintonewplanttissue.

Humansescalatetheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedtotheatmospherewhentheyburnfossilfuels,solidwastes,andwoodandwoo

A.YB.NC.NG

7.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1～7,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8～10,completethesentencesWiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Influenza

Influenzaiscausedbyavirustransmittedfromonepersontoanotherindropletscoughedorsneezedintotheair.Itischaracterizedbycoldlikesymptomspluschills,fever,headaches,muscleaches,andfatigue.Mostpeoplerecovercompletelyinaboutaweek.

Inadditiontohumans,influenzaoccursinpigs,horses,andseveralothermammals(哺乳動物)aswellasincertainwildanddomesticatedbirds.Atleastsomeinfluenzavirusescanjumpfromonespeciestoanother.Forexample,inlate1997astrainoftheinfluenzavirusinchickensbegantoinfecthumansinHongKong,leadingtoamassiveeffecttoremovethestrain.

Manymillionsofpeopledeveloptheflueachyear.Inmostyearslessthan1percentofthoseinfecteddie.Nonetheless,thistranslatesintolargenumbers.TheUnitedStatesCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)estimatesthatinfluenzacausesmorethan20,000deathsintheUnitedStateseachyear;combined,influenzaandpneumonia(肺炎)areamongthenation'stenleadingcausesofdeath.Duringepidemicsandpandemics,deathratessoar.Theinfluenzapandemicthatoccurredbetween1918and1919--theworseonrecord--killedabout500,000peopleintheUnitedStatesandmorethan20millionpeopleworldwide.

Symptomsanddiagnosis

Influenzaisanacutediseasewitharapidonsetandobvioussymptoms.Aftertheinfluenzavirusinvadesaperson'sbody,anperiodofoneortwodayspassesbeforesymptomsappear.Classicsymptomsincludesorethroat,drycough,stuffedorrunnyno,se,chills,feverwithtemperaturesashighas39℃,achingmusclesandjoints,headache,lossofappetite,occasionalnauseaandvomiting,andfatigue.Formostpeopleflusymptomsbegintosubsideaftertwotothreedaysanddisappearinseventotendays.However,coughingandfatiguemaypersistfortwoormoreweeks.

Deathfrominfluenzaitselfisrare.Butinfluenzacanworsenunderlyingmedicalconditions,suchasheartorlungdisease.Invadinginfluenzavirusesproduceinflammation(發(fā)炎)intheliningoftherespiratorytract,damagethatincreasestheriskthatsecondaryinfectionswilldevelop.Commoncomplicationsincludebronchitis,sinusitis,andbacterialpneumonia,occurringmostfrequentlyintheelderly,peopleonchemotherapy(化學(xué)療法),andpeoplewithacquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome(AIDS)oranotherdiseasethatcompromisestheimmunesystem.Ifproperlytreated,thesecomplicationsseldomarefatal.

Becauseinfluenzaissocommonandexhibitsstandardsymptoms,doctorsoftendiagnosetheillnessbasedontheseasonandwhetherflucaseshaverecentlybeenreportedinthearea.TOproveadiagnosisofinfluenzainapatient,thevirusmustbeisolatedfromtheperson'snasalorcoughsecretionsorbloodandidentifiedunderamicroscope.

Treatmentandprevention

Thereisnospecificcureforinfluenza.Recommendedtreatmentusuallyconsistsofbedrestandincreasedintakeoffluidsuntilfeverandothersymptomslesseninseverit

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Naturalgasburnssocleanlythattheownersofthenatural-gasvehicleshave______.

9.

Withtimegoingon,thewarmthbetweensibskeepsincreasingandthefrictions______.

10.

Himalayanglaciersaretheworld'slargeststoreoffreshwateroutside______.

11.

Anofficeshouldbeequippedwith______ifmostemployeesworkoutoftheofficemostofthetime.

12.

Webecomeless______asthetechnologygetsevermoresophisticated.

13.

AccordingtotheFAO,asthedemandfororganicfoodandproductsincreases,priceswillbelowerfororganicproductsthanconventionalproducts.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Besideshisbasicsalaryofabout5500yuan,theforeignteacheralsogets______.

15.

Thegrowthofaglobalmilitarysystemis______.

16.

Thefar-flungoutragedestroysfieldsandplantsbecausetheymisidentified_______.

17.TheHydrogenEconomy

Itseemslikeeverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelceilshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.

Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozonealertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.Thesetwoforcesareleadingtheworldtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.

ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy

Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate:

Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproduces:

-Carbonmonoxide,apoisonousgas

-Nitrogenoxides,themainsourceofurbansmog

-Unburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone

Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.

Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.

Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeetdemand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.

AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy

Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude:

Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.

Theeliminationofgreenhousegases—Ifthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle—electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.

Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.

Distributedproduction—Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecanevenproduceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.

Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomysosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.

TechnologicalHurdles

Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.

WhereDoestheHydrogenComeFrom?

Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:

Electrolysisofwater—usingelectricit

A.YB.NC.NG

18.HowAmerica'sMostSuccessfulExecutivesAccomplishSoMuchinSoLittleTime

Theyheadthenation'sbiggest,fastest-growingcompanies.They'rethemoversandshakersandpolicymakers.

Howdoesthe"super-executive"managetodoitall—andstillfindtimeforapersonallife?Atopproductivityexpertrevealstheanswer.

WASHINGTOND.C.(SPECIAl.)—It'sthebusinessepidemicofthe90s:Toomuchtodo,toolittletime.

Downsizingandlayoffshavedecimatedtheranksofmanyorganizations.Yetthosewhoretainedtheirjobsarenowsaddledwithmoreresponsibilities,sothey'rebusierthanever.Iftherapidlyescalatingsymptomsofstress,fatigueandburnoutareanyindication,manyofthese"lucky"survivorsarekillingthemselves—sometimesliterally.

Paradoxicallyenough,however,someoftheword'smostsuccessfulCEOs—justthefolksyou'dexpecttosufferthemostfromchronicoverload—leadverydifferentlives.

ConsiderJohnC.Malone,presidentofTCL,America'slargestcableTVcompany.Despitehisenormouspowerandwealth,Maloneworksonlyfivehoursaday—andgoeshomeforlunch,toboot.

WhenwildlysuccessfulDisneyCEOMichaelEisnermakesacommitmenttohischildren,hesimplyrefusestoworklate.

AndwhenStevenSpielbergdecidedtoteamupwithhistwohigh-poweredpals,DavidGeffenandJeffreyKatzenberg,tolaunchthemega-studioDreamWorksSKG,heagreedtotheventureonlywhenhewassurethatthepartnershipwouldallowhimtospendampletimewithhisfamily.

Allofthesepeoplehaveenormousresponsibilities.Yettheysomehowfindtimeforleisure,family,hobbies,andotherpersonalpursuits.Inshort,theyenjoylife.Howdotheydoit?

TheProductivityCoach

StephenWinstonknowstheanswer."Thesehighachievershavemasteredtechniquesthatsimplifytheirlivesandmaketheirworkmoreefficient,"shesays.

AccordingtoWinston,theyreserveseriousworkfor"primetimes"whentheirenergylevelisatitspeak.Theymultiplytheirtimewithminimumeffortbyusingastrategycalled"leveraging."

"Anyonecanlearnthesemethods,"claimsWinston."Theycanhelppeoplegetmoredonefaster,leavingplentyoffreetimeforotherthings."

StephenWinstonwasperhapsthefirstprofessionalorganizer.Equippedwithaninsider'sknowledgeofthecorporateworld,shebeganteachingoverburdenedbusinesspeoplehowtomaketheirworkmolerewarding.HerpopularbooksGettingOrganizedandTheOrganizedExecutivehavetogethersoldmorethanonemillioncopies.

Today,WinstonisAmerica'stopauthorityonsharpeningorganizationalskills,successfultimemanagement,andpersonalproductivity.She'saconsultanttomajorcorporations—rangingfromAmericanExpresstoXerox—whocollects$1,500adayforheradvice.Herclientsseemtoloveher.

Successstory

Taketheadagencyvice-presidentwhohadtroublegettingassignmentsdone.Winstonshowedherhow(andwhere)toblockoutperiodsofprivatetimetoaccomplishcreativeworkundisturbed.

Notonlywasherproblemsolved,butshortlyafterwardshewasnamedseniorvice-president.SheattributesthesurprisepromotiontothechangeinherworkhabitsthatWinstonengineered.

Expandingtheday

HerclientsaregratefulforWinston'shelp.Butsheoftenheardcommentslike,"IwishIhadyouaroundallthetime,"

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Inadditiontothecontributionfamilyplanningcanmaketothenationalandglobalpopulationproblems,specialimportancewasgivento______bynationalfamilyplanningmovements.

20.

OneofitsmainstrategiesthatPizzaHutstillfollowstodayisto______.

A.deliverapizzawithin30minutes

B.diversifytheproductstheyoffer

C.offerlargequantitiesofpizzaforlessmoney

D.sellfrozenpizzasandmake-it-yourselfpizzas

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：Anairlineisanorganizationwhichprovidesaviationservicesforpassengersandcargo.Itownsorleasesairlinesforreasonsofmutualbenefits.Thescaleandscopeofairlinecompaniesrangefromthosewithasingleairplanecarryingmailorcargo,tofullserviceinternationalairlinesoperatingmanyhundredsofairplanesofvarioustypes.Airlineservicescanbecategorizedasintercontinental,intra-continental,regionalordomesticandmaybeoperatedasscheduledserviceorcharters.Thesevariationsinthetypesofairlinecompanies,theiroperatingscope,andtheroutestheyserve,makeanalysisoftheairlineindustrycomplex.Butonethingiscertain:Theindustryisheavilyinfluencedbythemarketnow.Inthepast50yearsorso,thegeneraltrendofownershipbasgonefromgovernment-ownedorgovernment-supportedtoindependent,forprofitcompanies.Thisisaresultofthegovernmentpermittinggreaterfreedom.Thistrendisnotyetconsistentacrossallairlinesinallregions.Thedemandforairtravelservicesdependsonotherthings:needsforcargotransportation,businesspassengerdemand,leisurepassengerdemand,whichareallinfluencedbymacroeconomicactivityinthemarket.Thesetrendsarehighlyseasonal,andoftendependonday-of-week,ortime-of-day.Theindustryiscyclical.Fourorfiveyearsofpoorperformancearefollowedbyfiveorsixyearsofgradualimprovementinperformance.

(33)

A.Themarketplaysanimportantroleinairlineservice.

B.Itintroducesthehistoryoftheaviationservice.

C.Itdescribesairlinecompanies.

D.Itintroducesthescaleandscopeofairlinecompanies.

22.(29)

A.Conservationofforestsisnotaneasytask.

B.Smokinginforestsareonlyallowedinsomesafeareas.

C.Lightingaccountsformostofforestsfires.

D.Newbreakthroughshavebeenachievedtocontrollightningstrikes.

23.(13)

A.Shethinksthedancewaspoor.

B.Shedoesn'tlikethewomanprotagonist.

C.Shedoesn'tlikethemanprotagonist.

D.Shethinkstheballetboring.

24.(26)

A.Fillsomeforms.

B.HaveatestdriveinthePorsche.

C.Havelunchwiththewoman.

D.Tryhisluckinanothercarrentalcompany.

25.【B1】

26.聽力原文：W:Hi,Peter.Iwassurprisedtoseeyouintheclassinchildren'sliteratureyesterday.Areyoualsomajoringinelementaryeducation?

M:No,I'mnot.ButasapsychologymajorIcanusethistofulfilltherequirementindevelopmentalpsychology..

Q:Whatdoyoulearnfromtheconversation?

(14)

A.Thetwospeakersareclassmates.

B.Tiremanismajoringinelementaryeducation.

C.Thewomanismajoringinelementary,education.

D.Thetwospeakersgottoknoweachotherinaclass.

27.聽力原文：M:Iguessyoumustbeabletospeakseveraldialectssinceyouhavevisitedsomanyplacestheseyears.

W:IwishIcould,butCantoneseandHokkienaretheonlydialectsI'veeverlearnedtospeakactually.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayofherknowledgeofdialects?

(18)

A.ShecanspeakmanydialectsexceptforCantoneseandHokkien.

B.ShehasneverlearnedCantoneseorHokkien.

C.ShecanspeakneitherCantonesenorHokkien.

D.ShecanspeakeitherCantoneseorHokkien.

28.

【B9】

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Inthe18thcenturyFrencheconomistsprotestedtheexcessiveregulationofbusinessbythegovernment.Theirmottowaslaisserfaire.Laisserfairemeansletthepeopledoastheychoose.Intheeconomicsense,thismeantthatwhilethegovernmentshouldberesponsibleforthingslikemaintainingpeaceandprotectingpropertyrights,itshouldnotinterferewithprivatebusiness.Itshouldn'tcreateregulationsthatmighthinderbusinessgrowth,norshoulditberesponsibleforprovidingsubsidiestohelp.Inotherwords,governmentsshouldtakeahandoffapproachtobusiness.ForawhileintheUnitedStates,laisserfairewasapopulardoctrine.Butthingsquicklychanged.AftertheCivilWar,politiciansrarelyopposedthegovernment'sgeneroussupportofbusinessowners.Theywereonlytoogladtosupportgovernmentlandgrantsandloanstorailroadowners,forexample.TheirregulationskepttariffshighandthathelpedprotectAmericanindustrialistsagainstforeigncompetition.Ironicallyinthelate19thcentury;alotofpeoplebelievedthatthelaisserfairepolicywasresponsibleforthecountry'sindustrialgrowth.Itwasgenerallyassumedthatbecausebusinessownersdidnothavealotofexternalrestrictionsplacedonthembythegovernment,theycouldpursuetheirowninterests,andthiswaswhatmadethemsosuccessful.Butinfact,manyoftheseindividualswouldnothavebeenabletomeettheirobjectivesifnotforgovernmentsupport.

(27)

A.Competitioninbusiness.

B.Governmentgrants.

C.Atypeofeconomicpolicy.

D.Internationaltransportationpractices.

30.(17)

A.Heprefersshorterplaystothisone.

B.Hedoesn'thavetogotothatplay.

C.Hewouldn'tseetheplayasthewomandid.

D.Helikedtheplaybetterthefirsttimehesawit.

31.

【B4】

32.

【B3】

33.(30)

A.Iftheydon'tinvolveanyrisks.

B.Iftheyproducepredictablesideeffects.

C.Whentheurgentneedforthemarises.

D.Whentestsshowthattheyarerelativelysafe.

34.(32)

A.ChangesinLifestyle.haveastronginfluenceonbusiness.

B.Babygoodsmakemoneyeasily.

C.Businessmenareonlyinterestedinbabies.

D.Businessshouldalwaysbereadytomeetthebabies'needs.

35.【B11】

36.

【B6】

37.聽力原文：W:Whatisthatyouarelisteningto?Thatbeat'ssostrongthatIcan'tconcentrateonmywork.

M:Noproblem.Icanswitchovertosomethinglighter.

Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydo?

(16)

A.Turndownthevolumeofthemusic.

B.Turnthemusicoff.

C.Playadifferentstyle.ofmusic.

D.Listentomusicinadifferentroom.

38.(25)

A.Trainers.B.Clowns.C.Acrobats.D.Magicians.

39.(22)

A.Salaryinformation.

B.Lastyear'staxforms.

C.Stocksorbonds.

D.Familystate.

40.聽力原文：Yogabecomesverypopularnowadays,butitisimportantthatweunderstandafewfactsaboutit.Firstofall,itisnotareligion.Yogaisawayoflifeandcanserveonlytoimproveyourpresentwayoflife.Yogaisanexactscienceandadelicateart.Secondly,beasmechanicalaspossible.Neverstrainorpulltoomuch.ForcingwillcauseyourBodytoresistandwillactuallyslowdownorevenpreventyourprogress.Gogently.Stretchuptothepointwhereitwouldstarttohurt,thenstopimmediately.Thekeyistheproperbreathingthroughthenostrilswiththemouthshut.Usuallyitisbesttopractisealoneinaroomwithfreshair,wearinglittleornoclothing.Neverpractiseonafullstomachbecauseanemptystomachpermitsgreaterflexibility.Exercisewillbenefityourgeneralhealth.Yogacannotaddorreducepoundsfromyourfigure;onlyeatinglessormorefoodcandothat.Alwaysrememberthatdietaffectsweight,whileexerciseaffectsshape.Neithercandothejoboftheother.

(30)

A.Adelicateart.

B.Areligion.

C.Anexactscience.

D.Awayoflife.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Psychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguardedagainstinoldage.Oneoftheseisundueabsorptioninthepast.Itdoesnotdotoliveinmemories,inregretsfortheolddays,orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.One'sthoughtsmustbedirectedtothefuture,andtothingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobedone.Thisisnotalwayseasy;one'sownpastisagraduallyincreasingweight.Itiseasytothinktooneselfthatone'semotionsusedtobemoreactivethantheyare,andone'smindmorekeen.Ifthisistrueitshouldbeforgotten,andifitisforgottenitwillprobablynotbetrue.

Theotherthingtobeavoidedisclingingtightlytoyouthinthehopeofsuckingvigorfromitsvitality.Whenyourchildrenaregrownuptheywanttolivetheirownlives,andifyoucontinuetobeasinterestedinthemasyouwerewhentheywereyoung,youarelikelytobecomeaburdentothem.Idonotmeanthatoneshouldbewithoutinterestinthem,butone'sinterestshouldbethoughtfuland,ifpossible,kindlybutnotundulyemotional.Animalsbecomeindifferenttotheiryoungassoonastheiryoungcanlookafterthemselves,buthumanbeings,owingtothelengthofearlychildhood,findthisdifficult.

Ithinkthatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthosewhohavestrongimpersonalinterestinvolvingappropriateactivities.Itisinthisspherethatlongexperienceisreallyfruitful,anditisinthisspherethatthewisdombornofexperiencecanbeexercisedwithoutbeingoppressive.Itisnousetellinggrown-upchildrennottomakemistakes,bothbecausetheywillnotbelieveyou,andbecausemistakesareanessentialpanofeducation.Butifyouareoneofthosewhoareincapableofimpersonalinterest,youmayfindthatyourlifewillbeemptyunlessyouconcernyourselfwithyourchildrenandgrandchildren.Inthatcaseyoumustrealizethatwhileyoucanstillrenderthemmaterialservices,suchasmakingthemanallowanceorknittingthemsweaters,youmustnotexpectthattheywillenjoyyourcompany.

Thepassageismainlyabout______.

A.howtodealwitholdage

B.howtocultivateimpersonalinterests

C.howtogetalongwithyourchildren

D.howtodealwitholdpeople

42.

By2030thegovernmentsindevelopedcountriesmayputanendtofixedretirementages______.

A.tosavethecurrentpensionsystem

B.toensurethebenefitsforhealthypensioners

C.torealizefullretirementbenefitssubstantially

D.torelievethepensionsburdenontheworkingpopulation.

43.

Whenyoubegintoconsiderlifeasatest,youwillfind______.

A.youarebombardedwithproblemsandresponsibilities

B.theresultofthetestissogoodthatyouaredelighted

C.youhavemanyopportunitiestogrow

D.youhavetogotoschooltotaketestseveryday

44.

Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"toomuchillustrationandtoofewdetaileddata"(Para.6)?

A.Explaintoomuchwithnofiguresandfacts.

B.Emphasizethedetailswithoutillustration.

C.Explainnothingabouttheobjectives.

D.Illustratetoofewdetail