廣東省廣州市啟明中學(xué)2023年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.It'sreallyasmallworld!I________wewouldmeethere.A.don'tthink B.haven'tthought C.didn'tthink D.won'tthink參考答案：C句意:世界真??！沒(méi)想到我們會(huì)在這里相遇。由語(yǔ)境可知,在說(shuō)話前沒(méi)有料到會(huì)在這里相遇，故預(yù)料這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在說(shuō)話之前，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.Hegotseriouslyill.Laterhecouldn’tseeanythingatall---hewas________blind.A.nearly

B.especially

C.probably

D.totally參考答案：D3.Ifthereisn'tagoodplayonCCTV8,I'll________CCTV5.A.switchon

B.switchoffC.switchover

D.switchoverto參考答案：D句意：如果中央八臺(tái)沒(méi)有好節(jié)目，我就調(diào)換到中央五臺(tái)。switchoverto“將頻道轉(zhuǎn)換到”；switchon“打開(kāi)(電器等)”；switchoff“關(guān)掉(電器等)”；switchover“調(diào)換”。4.Theexplorerwroteinhisreportthattheriverisnow_______.A.aswideasthreetimes

B.threetimesitsoriginal(原來(lái)的)widthC.threetimesasitsoriginalwidth

D.widerthreetimesthanitsoriginalwidth參考答案：B5.Hiscousininsistedthathe____nothingwrongand____free.A.shoulddo,set

B.haddone,set

C.haddone,beset

D.did,wasset參考答案：C6.Theschoolshop,______customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.which

B.whose

C.when

D.where參考答案：B7.Doyoustillrememberthesmalltown_____wevisitedlastsummer?A.where

B.when

C.that

D.what參考答案：C8.—MrSmithwascaughtinarainstormyesterday.—Ihaveknownthatand______hisnewcarwascompletelydestroyed.A.fortunately B.hopefully C.thankfully D.unfortunately參考答案：D【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：——昨天史密斯先生遇到暴雨了?！乙呀?jīng)知道了，不幸的是，他的新車(chē)被完全毀壞了。A.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.thankfully感謝地；D.unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)句意可知，史密斯先生的車(chē)被毀壞是一件不幸的事，故選D項(xiàng)。9.—Haveyouevercomeherebefore?—No.ItismyfirsttimethatI

tothiscity.A.havebeen

B.hadbeen

C.came

D.come參考答案：A10.Itisour

toenjoymooncakesonMid-Autumnnight.

A.habit

B.custom

C.hobby

D.rule參考答案：B略11.I'llneverforgettheday_________Iwasborn．

A.when

B.that

C.onwhich

D.bothAandC參考答案：D12.________isthebeststudentinourclass?

A.Whomdoyouthink

B.Whodoyouthink

C.Doyouthinkwho

D.Whoyouthink

參考答案：B略13.--Ifwedon’tdoourbesttoreducepollution,man’shistorywon’tlastlong.--_________.A.It’sOK

B.YouarelyrightC.That’sallright

D.Mindyourownbusiness參考答案：B14.It’sthecustomthatthelastperson____________thecompanyshouldcloseallthedoorsandwindows.A．leaved B．leavesC．toleave D．leaving參考答案：C句意為：這是一項(xiàng)慣例，最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)公司的人應(yīng)該關(guān)好所有的門(mén)窗。當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或由序數(shù)詞所修飾的名詞后帶定語(yǔ)時(shí)，由不定式充當(dāng)。15.Heis

thatweallliketogetalongwithhim.A．suchaniceman

B．a(chǎn)suchnicemanC．soaniceman

D．a(chǎn)soniceman參考答案：A試題分析：考查固定句型。句意：他是如此好的一個(gè)人以致于我們喜歡與他相處。Such+a/an+形容詞+名詞+that從句，故選A項(xiàng)。

16.Althoughhelives________,hedoesn’tfeel______.A.lonely;lonely

B.lonely;alone

C.alone;alone

D.alone;lonely參考答案：D17.Youcan’tusemybike_____youreturnittomebytheweekend.A.ifnot

B.unless

C.because

D.though參考答案：B18.Wecanbethankfuleveryday,notjust____________ThanksgivingDay.

A.in

B.on

C.to

D.by參考答案：B略二、短文改錯(cuò)19.單句改錯(cuò)：每句一處錯(cuò)誤，在原句上修改。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉；修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。61.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourhorizonsandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.62.ThisisthehighschoolattachingtoNortheastNormalUniversity.63.Wouldyoukindputthebookback?64.Theteenagershavenotroubleadapttofullyautomatedhomes.65.Electricityistoomuchapartoflifethatpeopleoftentakeitforgranted.參考答案：61.knowledges改成knowledge

62.attaching改成attached

63.kind改成kindly

64.adapt改成adapting

65.too改成so考查單句改錯(cuò)?！?1題詳解】句意：如果我們出國(guó)旅行，我們可以開(kāi)闊視野，獲得書(shū)本上學(xué)不到的知識(shí)。knowledge為不可數(shù)名詞，因此沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故改為knowledge?！?2題詳解】句意：這是東北師范大學(xué)附中。本句中attach做thehighschool的后置定語(yǔ)，表示“附加的”，應(yīng)用attached。【63題詳解】句意：請(qǐng)你把書(shū)放回去好嗎?put為動(dòng)詞，需要副詞修飾，故改為kindly。【64題詳解】句意：這些青少年毫不費(fèi)力地適應(yīng)了完全自動(dòng)化的家庭。短語(yǔ)havenotroubledoingsth.“做某事毫不費(fèi)力”后跟-ing形式，故改為adapting?！?5題詳解】句意：電是生活中如此重要的一部分，人們常常認(rèn)為它是理所當(dāng)然的。固定句型so…that…“如此……以致于”，故too改為so。三、閱讀理解20.

Scientistshaveprovedthatsleepingandlearninggohandinhand.Evenashortnap(小睡)canimproveourmemoryandsharpenourthinking.Buttherelationshipgoesdeeperthanthat.

“Thebrainisnotpassivewhileyousleep,”scientistAnatArzisaid.“It’squiteactive.Youcandomanythingswhileyouareasleep.”

Arziandherco-workersdidn’ttrytoteachthesleepingvolunteersanycomplexinformation,likenewwordsorfacts.Instead,thescientiststaughtvolunteerstomakenewconnectionsbetweensmellsandsounds.

Whenwesmellsomethinggood,likeaflower,wetakedeepbreaths.Whenwesmellsomethingbad,wetakeshortbreaths.Arziandherco-workersbasedtheirexperimentonthesereactions.

Oncethevolunteersfellasleepinthelab,thescientistswenttowork.Theygavethemawhiffofsomethingpleasantandmeanwhileplayedaparticularmusicalnote.Theydidn’twakeup,buttheyheard—andsniffed(吸氣)deeply.Thenthescientistsgavethevolunteersawhiffofsomethingterribleandplayedadifferentmusicalnote.Again,thevolunteersheardandsmelled—ashortsnort(鼻息聲)thistime—butdidn’twakeup.Theresearchersrepeatedtheexperiment.

Afterjustfourrepetitions,volunteersmadeaconnectionbetweenthemusicalnotesandtheirpairedsmells.Whenthescientistsplayedthemusicaltonethatwentwithgoodsmells,thesleepersbreatheddeeply.Andwhenthescientistsplayedthemusicaltonethatwentwithbadsmells,thesleepersbreathedbriefly—despitetherebeingnobadsmell.

Thenextday,thevolunteerswokeupwiththesound-smellconnection.Theybreatheddeeplywhenhearingonetoneandcuttheirbreathsshortwhenhearingtheother,whichmusthavebeenunusualforthem.Imaginewalkingdownthestreetandtakingadeepbreathuponhearingaparticularsound!37.Inthestudy,thevolunteersweretaught_____________.

A.tobecomeactiveduringsleep

B.totellthedifferencebetweensmell

C.tolearnnewwordsandscientificfacts

D.tomakesound-smellconnections38.Howdidthevolunteersreactwhensmellingsomethingniceandhearingmusicalnotes?

A.Theytookadeepbreath.

B.Theyhadawonderfuldream.

C.Theywokeupatonce.

D.Theytookashortbreath.39.Whenthevolunteerswokeupthenextday,they_____________.

A.learnedhowtoplaytomusicaltones

B.forgotwhathappenedduringtheirsleep

C.continuedwiththesound-smellconnection

D.changedtheirreactionwhenhearing40.Thepassagemainlytellsus_____________.

A.specialsmellsandsoundscanimproveourmemory

B.ourbraincanactuallylearnsomethingnewduringthesleep

C.thevolunteerswillalwayshearsimilarsoundsinthestreet

D.ourbraincantellthedifferencebetweensmellsduringthesleep參考答案：37-40:DACB

21.Wugging,orwebusegiving,describestheactofgivingtocharityatnocosttotheuser.ByusingE,whichisbeingaddedtoanumberofuniversitycomputersacrosstheUK,studentscanraisemoneyeverytimetheysearch,butitwon’tcostthemapenny.Researchshowsthatstudentsareextremelypassionateaboutsupportingcharity—88%offulltimestudentshaveusedtheInternettogivetocharity.Thisagegroupisoftentheleastlikelytohavetheirownincome.19%of22to24yearoldshaveshort-termdebtsofmorethan￡5,000.Withrisingpersonaldebtlevelsinthisagegroup,duetouniversitytuitionfeesorpersonalloansandalackoflong-termsavings,traditionalmethodsofdonatingtocharityareoftennotappealing(有感染力的)orpossible.BethTruman,a21yearoldrecentuniversitygraduate,hasusedEtodonatetoherchosencharity,theRSPCA,fortwoyearsandhasseenthe“wugging”movementgrowinpopularitywithstudents.“Whenyou’reatuniversityyoubecomemoresociallyaware,butit’ssometimeshardtogivetootherswhenyouhavelittlemoneyyourself,”saysBeth.“Wuggingisgreatforpeopleinthisagegroupasitallowsthemtousethetechnologyonadailybasistogivetocharity,withoutcostingthemasinglepenny.”Wuggingisperfectforpeoplewhowanttobemoresociallyawareandsupportivebutdon’tfeeltheyhavethemeanstodoso.Studentsusingthewebcanraisemoneyforcausestheycareaboutwithoutcostingthemanythingintermsoftimeormoney,andcharitiesgetavaluablesourceoffunding.Eworkslikeanyothersearchengine,allowinguserstosearchforinformation,newsandimagesbutuserscandecidewhichoftheUK’s170,000charitiestheywouldliketosupportthroughtheirclicks.Ethenmakesmonthlypaymentstoeveryregisteredcharity.LaunchedinJune2005,EisnowtheeighthlargestsearchengineandoneofthebusiestcharitywebsitesintheUK.1.Whatdoes“wugging”showAccordingtothepassage?A.awebsite

B.a