山西省臨汾市歇馬灘中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.which B.what C.when D.that參考答案：C【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到了一個(gè)時(shí)代，在這個(gè)時(shí)代夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)最大。句中先行詞為anage（一個(gè)時(shí)代），且先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，所以關(guān)系詞用when。故選C。2.---Mum,it’ssodarkhere,Iamafraid.---_____________.A.I’mafraidnot

B.Nevermind

C.Takeiteasy

D.Howsillyyouare參考答案：C3.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto_______beforetheparty.A.getchanged

B.getchangeC.getchanging

D.gettochange參考答案：A解析：題中動(dòng)詞不定式作定語修飾time，而get的賓語為省略了的you，you與change之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞，所以A為正確答案。4.Whenyouaredonewiththebook,justgiveittoLucyorHelenor________.A.wherever

B.whoever

C.whatever

D.however參考答案：B5.Someformsofalgaehave

togrowonice.A.adopt

B.adapt

C.advocate

D.addict參考答案：B略6.Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels________desiretogotobed.

A．themost B．more

C．worse

D．theleast參考答案：D解析：本題考查幾個(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。一般情況下，獲獎(jiǎng)后會(huì)很激動(dòng)而無法入睡，那么就應(yīng)該是feelstheleastdesiretogotobed.。7.IwasimpressedbyLeonard’sconfidenceandcertaintyoveragainsthisbrother’sweaknessand________.A.courage

B.strength

C.violence

D.hesitation參考答案：D8.Idon'tthinktheexperimentis___failure,becauseithasprovideduswith___valuableexperienceforourfuturetests． A．不填;不填

B．不填;a

C．a(chǎn);不填

D．a(chǎn);a參考答案：C9.Theprojectreceived800,000visitorsin2015whocameitsarteducationactivitiesaswellastheexhibitions.A.from B.for C.with D.against參考答案：B句意:2015年這個(gè)項(xiàng)目接待了80萬名游客,他們不僅來觀看展覽,也來參加藝術(shù)教育活動(dòng)。介詞for"為了"表示目的。10.It

is

suggested

that

a

study

plan

_____

right

now.

A.is

made

B.is

to

be

made

C.be

made

D.had

been

made參考答案：C.11.IhavelearnedalotaboutAsiancustoms,______inthesmallvillageforthreeyearsintheearly1990s.

A.lived B.tolive C.havinglived D.tohavelived

參考答案：C12.Duetothefactthatneithersidewould,thenegotiationbrokedownintheend.A.takein B.bringin C.givein D.cutin參考答案：C由句中的"thenegotiationbrokedownintheend"(談判最終失敗了)可知,此處表示的應(yīng)是"因?yàn)闆]有一方愿意讓步",所以選C項(xiàng),givein表示"讓步,屈服"。13.Herewefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemed________blownoffthemountain.A.tohavebeen

B.tobe

C.thatitwas

D.thatithadbeen參考答案：A略14.Thesplitbetweenhumansandlivingapesisthoughtbysomescholars_____15to20millionyearsago.A．tooccur

B．occurring

C．tohaveoccurred

D．havingoccurred參考答案：C15.25．—Givenonemoreweek,I’llget

ready.

—Thenwe’llhaveadinnerouttocelebrateyoursuccess.

A．a(chǎn)nything

B．everything

C．something

D．nothing參考答案：B略16.---Wouldyoumindgivingyouradviceonhowtoimproveourefficiency?---Ifyoumake

mostofforty-fiveminutesclassesdayafterday,therewillbe

_______switchingrades.A./;/

B.the;a

C./;a

D.the;/參考答案：B17.---HiMike,areyoubusynow?

---Notreally.I_____mywork,andI’mgoingtoseeamovieonline.A.did

B.havebeendoing

C.haddone

D.havedone參考答案：D略18.Toforbidthecheatingstrictlyinthisimportantexam,theauthoritieshavereleasedarulethatstudents_________bringanyreferencebooksandstationeryintotheirclassrooms.A.willnot

B.shallnot

C.mightnot

D.neednot參考答案：10．B試題分析:考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：為了嚴(yán)格禁止在這次重要考試中出現(xiàn)舞弊，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)頒布規(guī)定學(xué)生不準(zhǔn)帶紙張進(jìn)入教室。shall用在條約、法令、規(guī)章制度等文件中表示規(guī)定或義務(wù)，一般用于第三人稱，表強(qiáng)制性。句中shallnot表禁止?？键c(diǎn)：考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法?！窘馕觥柯远?、單詞拼寫122.Thetraditionalapproachto__________(handle)complicatedproblemsistobreakthemdownintosimpleones.123.Scientistssaythere’llbemanymorediscoveries__________(make)aboutthetombofQingShihuang.124.Themanagerwasremovedfromhispost,leavingmanyproblemsremainingdifficult__________(solve).125.What’sthepresentsituation__________(concern)theuseofchemicalweaponsinSyria?參考答案：122.handing

123.tobemade

124.tobesolved

125.concerned本題考查動(dòng)詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空，主要要從非謂語動(dòng)詞角度分析句子?！?22題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。名詞approach后接介詞to，故用動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞to的賓語。句意：處理復(fù)雜問題的傳統(tǒng)方法是把它們分解成簡(jiǎn)單的問題。故填handling?！?23題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句中時(shí)態(tài)用一般將來時(shí)可知，這里用不定式表示未發(fā)生的事情，邏輯主語discoveries與make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：科學(xué)家們說，關(guān)于秦始皇墓將有更多的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故填tobemade?！?24題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知“留下的問題仍未解決”，故用不定式表示未發(fā)生的事情。problem與solve之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)理被解雇了，留下了許多仍很困難的問題要解決。故填tobesolved。【125題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句中situation與concern之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。句意：關(guān)于敘利亞使用化學(xué)武器目前的情況是什么？故填concerned。三、閱讀理解20.Therearebillionsofpeopleonthisplanet,andmanyofuslovetoeatmeat.Canthedemandbefilledinasustainable(可持續(xù)的)andaffordableway?Abunchofbusinessmenarenotonlyoptimisticbutareworkingtomakethishappensoonerthanyoumaythink.Theenvironmentaleffectscausedbymeatconsumption(食用)—waste,animaltreatment,healthproblemsandeventhegreenhousegaseffectsthatarepotentiallycausedbymethanegasproducedbycows—havegivenrisetoanumberofstartups(新興公司)lookingtodevelopmeatsindifferentways.Forexample,SanFrancisco-basedMemphisMeatsisdevelopingcell-basedmeatsinitslabswithoutrequiringanyanimals.Israel’sFutureMeatTechnologiesisdoingthesamebyproducingfatandmusclecellsthatarebeingtestedbychefsinJerusalem.Allofthesecompaniesusespecialprocessestoharvestcellsfromanimalsandgrowtheminalab.Butdon’tworryifyou’renotameatlover.StartupssuchasJetEat,whichisalsobasedinIsrael,areworkingonfoodproductsgrowninlabsthatareplant-basedandreplicate(復(fù)制)meatsusingnaturalelementswhilestillkeepingflavor,consistencyandthe“overallsensoryexperience”,accordingtoareportonNoCamels.JetEat,whichwasfoundedinearly2018,aimsto3D-printtheirlab-grownproductsby2020.Asyoucanimagine,thereareplentyofbarriersfacingtheindustry.Educatingthepublicisabigone.Anothercontroversialissueisthelabelingoftheproducts.

RecentlyboththeUSDAandtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announcedthattheywillbeginjointlycontrollingthenew“cell-basedmeat”category.Manyofushaveconcernsaboutthechallengesfacingfuturegenerationsasourglobalpopulationincreasesandtheearth’snaturalresourcesdecreases.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofbusinessmenaroundtheworld—likethoseproducinglab-grownmeats—whoareworkingtosolvesomeoftheseproblemsandmakealittlemoneyintheprocess.Nothingwrongwiththat.8.Whydosomecompaniesbegintodevelopnewkindsofmeats?A.Toanalysethecausesofairpollution.B.Tostresstheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.C.Tomakepeoplelessinterestedineatingmeatandmorehealthy.D.Tomeetpeople’sdemandformeatinenvironmentallyfriendlyways.9.What’sspecialaboutthelab-grownmeatsofJetEat?A.Theycostless. B.Theyareplant-based.C.Theyaremoredelicious. D.Theyareavailableonthemarketnow.10.Whichofthefollowingisabarrierlab-grownmeatindustriesmustdealwith?A.Howtoletpeopleacceptthemeat. B.Howtogivethemeatanelegantname.C.Howtoproducethemeatinlargeamounts. D.Howtoreducethecostofmakingthemeat.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslab-grownmeats?A.Supportive. B.Opposing. C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.參考答案：8.D

9.B

10.A

11.A【分析】這是一篇說明文。實(shí)驗(yàn)室培養(yǎng)的未來肉類問世，或?qū)⒊掷m(xù)滿足消費(fèi)需求。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Theenvironmentaleffectscausedbymeatconsumption(食用)—waste,animaltreatment,healthproblemsandeventhegreenhousegaseffectsthatarepotentiallycausedbymethanegasproducedbycows—havegivenrisetoanumberofstartups(新興公司)lookingtodevelopmeatsindifferentways.”可知，人類的肉類消費(fèi)會(huì)造成環(huán)境影響，比如：畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)生的各種廢料，動(dòng)物受到的非人道對(duì)待，健康問題，甚至是溫室氣體效應(yīng)（該效應(yīng)可能由奶牛的甲烷排放造成）；以上種種問題催生了許多初創(chuàng)公司以不同的方式來開發(fā)肉類以滿足我們對(duì)肉類的巨大需求。所以為什么有些公司開始開發(fā)新的肉類是因?yàn)樗麄兿胍愿迎h(huán)保的方式滿足人們對(duì)肉類的需求。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“JetEat,whichisalsobasedinIsrael,areworkingonfoodproductsgrowninlabsthatareplant-based”可知，一些初創(chuàng)公司，如以色列的JetEat，正在研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室中種植的食品，這些食品是植物性的。所以JetEat公司的種植在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的肉是植物性的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Asyoucanimagine,thereareplentyofbarriersfacingtheindustry.Educatingthepublicisabigone.”可知，